EP2919559B1 - Ansteuerungsvorrichtung einer lichtemittierenden last und lichtemittierende vorrichtung für ein fahrzeug - Google Patents

Ansteuerungsvorrichtung einer lichtemittierenden last und lichtemittierende vorrichtung für ein fahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2919559B1
EP2919559B1 EP15157687.3A EP15157687A EP2919559B1 EP 2919559 B1 EP2919559 B1 EP 2919559B1 EP 15157687 A EP15157687 A EP 15157687A EP 2919559 B1 EP2919559 B1 EP 2919559B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light emitting
switching element
driving apparatus
switching elements
gate driver
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EP15157687.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2919559A3 (de
EP2919559A2 (de
Inventor
Junichi Kato
Yasuyuki Matsunaga
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Sanken Electric Co Ltd
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Sanken Electric Co Ltd
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Publication of EP2919559A3 publication Critical patent/EP2919559A3/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light emitting load driving apparatus for driving a light emitting load such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle, having such a light emitting load driving apparatus.
  • a light emitting load driving apparatus for driving a light emitting load such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode)
  • a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle having such a light emitting load driving apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a light emitting load driving apparatus and a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2013-84635 (Patent Literature 1).
  • the light emitting apparatus for a vehicle includes the light emitting load driving apparatus 1a and a plurality of light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1a includes a plurality of switching elements M1 to Mn connected in parallel with the light emitting loads D1 to Dn, respectively, and a gate driver 10a that individually drives the switching elements M1 to Mn according to a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method.
  • the light emitting loads D1 to Dn are connected in series between both ends of a constant current source IDD.
  • the gate driver 10a outputs drive signals that oscillate between high and low levels to gate terminals of the switching elements M1 to Mn, respectively, thereby adjusting brightness levels of the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • US 2008/0068192 A1 describes a light-emitting element control system comprising a series connection of one or more LEE units, each comprising one or more LEEs and a unit activation module.
  • the unit activation module associated with a LEE unit is configured to controllably activate, in response to a unit activation control signal, the one or more LEEs in that unit.
  • a control module is operatively coupled to each of the unit activation modules and configured to provide the unit activation control signals thereto.
  • a converting module is operatively coupled to the series connection of LEE units, adapted for connection to a source of power and configured to provide a drive current to the LEE units.
  • US 2011/0163682 A1 provides a drive circuit and system topology for inexpensive but accurate current control of an array of light emitting elements. It includes a driving circuit having controlled current sources that provide currents for driving strings of series connected light emitting elements. The circuit has a stable voltage reference that is capable of sourcingmilliamps of current to multiple current sources without voltage droop. A DC voltage source with an output voltage higher than the total forward voltage of the light emitting elements in each string can be used.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing chart illustrating operation of the light emitting load driving apparatus described in Patent Literature 1.
  • Waveforms M1 to Mn represent actions of the switching elements M1 to Mn.
  • a waveform VDD represents voltage applied between a positive terminal T+ and a negative terminal T- of the constant current source IDD.
  • a waveform IDD represents current passing between the positive and negative terminals T+ and T- of the constant current source IDD.
  • the switching elements M1 to Mn simultaneously change from OFF to ON, i.e., turn on at the same time to bypass the current passed to the light emitting loads D1 to Dn, thereby suddenly decreasing load on the constant current source IDD and causing an overshoot current Io.
  • the switching elements M1 to Mn simultaneously change from ON to OFF, i.e., turn off at the same time to pass the current to the light emitting load D1 to Dn, thereby suddenly increasing load on the constant current source IDD and causing an undershoot current Iu.
  • overshoot and undershoot currents Io and Iu cause unnecessary electromagnetic radiation noises and erroneous load-short or load-open detection by the constant current source IDD.
  • the overshoot and undershoot currents Io and Iu must be suppressed as small as possible.
  • the present invention provides a light emitting load driving apparatus and a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle, capable of suppressing electromagnetic radiation noises and erroneous load-short or load-open detection by a constant current source.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus includes a first switching element, a second switching element, and a gate driver, to drive first and second light emitting loads connected in series.
  • the first switching element when in an ON state, bypasses a current to be passed to the first light emitting load.
  • the second switching element when in an ON state, bypasses a current to be passed to the second light emitting load.
  • the gate driver reduces at least one of an overshoot current caused when the first and second switching elements are simultaneously turned on and an undershoot current caused when the first and second switching elements are simultaneously turned off.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a light emitting load driving apparatus and a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light emitting apparatus for a vehicle includes the light emitting load driving apparatus 1, a first light emitting load D1, and a second light emitting load D2.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 includes a first switching element M1, a second switching element M2, and a gate driver 10.
  • the first switching element M1 when in an ON state, bypasses a current of the first light emitting load D1.
  • the gate driver 10 reduces at least one of an overshoot current Io caused when the first and second switching elements M1 and M2 are simultaneously turned on and an undershoot current Iu caused when the first and second switching elements M1 and M2 are simultaneously turned off.
  • a light emitting apparatus for a vehicle includes a light emitting load driving apparatus 1 and a plurality of light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the light emitting apparatus is connected to an emission controller 2.
  • the light emitting loads D1 to Dn are, for example, LEDs.
  • the light emitting loads D1 to Dn are connected in series between a positive terminal T+ and a negative terminal T- of a constant current source IDD.
  • control signals SC1 to SCn outputted from the emission controller 2
  • the light emitting apparatus supplies DC current from the constant current source IDD to the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the control signals SC1 to SCn are sometimes collectively referred to as the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ .
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 installed in the light emitting apparatus includes a plurality of switching elements M1 to Mn and a gate driver 10.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 is formed as, for example, a single semiconductor integrated circuit.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 is connected to the light emitting loads D1 to Dn, emission controller 2, and constant current source IDD.
  • the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ outputted from the emission controller 2 the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 adjusts brightness levels of the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the emission controller 2 may be a digital circuit such as ASIC or FPGA, or a microcontroller.
  • the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ outputted from the emission controller 2 are pulse signals to individually control brightness levels of the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the switching elements M1 to Mn are, for example, MOSFETs and are connected in series between the positive and negative terminals T+ and T- of the constant current source IDD.
  • the switching elements M1 to Mn are connected in parallel with the light emitting loads D1 to Dn, respectively.
  • DC current supplied from the constant current source IDD passes through the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the switching elements M1 to Mn bypass the DC current passing through the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the gate driver 10 includes a phase shifter 11 and a plurality of signal output units 12-1 to 12-n. According to the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ outputted from the emission controller 2, the gate driver 10 generates drive signals S1 to Sn that are pulse signals oscillating between high and low levels. In the following explanation, the drive signals S1 to Sn are sometimes collectively referred to as the drive signals ⁇ Si ⁇ .
  • a ratio of high and low levels, i.e., a duty ratio of each of the drive signals ⁇ Si ⁇ is changed according to a corresponding one of the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ .
  • the drive signals ⁇ Si ⁇ are transmitted through the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n to gate terminals of the switching elements M1 to Mn.
  • the gate driver 10 individually controls the switching elements M1 to Mn according to the PWM method. For example, when the first drive signal S1 is high, the first switching element M1 turns on to turn off the light emitting load D1. When the first drive signal S1 is low, the first switching element M1 turns off to turn on the light emitting load D1.
  • the gate driver 10 controls the ON time and OFF time of each of the switching elements M1 to Mn according to the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ , thereby adjusting brightness levels of the light emitting loads D1 to Dn.
  • the phase shifter 11 is connected to the emission controller 2 and signal output units 12-1 to 12-n.
  • the phase shifter 11 detects the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ that may simultaneously turn on or off the switching elements M1 to Mn. Simultaneously turning on the switching elements M1 to Mn is equivalent to shifting the switching elements M1 to Mn from an OFF state to an ON state at the same time. Simultaneously turning off the switch elements M1 to Mn is equivalent to shifting the switching elements M1 to Mn from an ON state to an OFF state at the same time.
  • phase shifter 11 detects the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ that simultaneously turn on the switching elements M1 to Mn, the phase shifter 11 uses the rise timing of the first drive signal S1 that is based on the first control signal SC1, to successively delay the rise timing of the other drive signals S2 to Sn and outputs the drive signal S1 and successively delayed drive signals S2 to Sn to the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n, respectively. If the phase shifter 11 detects the control signals ⁇ SCi ⁇ that simultaneously turn off the switching elements M1 to Mn, the phase shifter 11 uses the fall timing of the first drive signal S1 that is based on the first control signal SC1, to successively delay the fall timing of the other drive signals S2 to Sn.
  • the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n are connected to the phase shifter 11 and switching elements M1 to Mn.
  • the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n turn on the switching elements M1 to Mn.
  • the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n turn off the switching elements M1 to Mn.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating the details of part of the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 includes a first charging unit 13-1 connected to the first signal output unit 12-1.
  • the first signal output unit 12-1 includes a first switch SW1, a second switch SW2, and an inverter INV.
  • the first switch SW1 opens and closes a path between the first charging unit 13-1 and the gate terminal of the first switching element M1.
  • the inverter INV inverts the first drive signal S1 and outputs the inverted signal to the second switch SW2.
  • the second switch SW2 opens and closes both ends of a parasitic capacitance C2 of the first switching element M1.
  • the first charging unit 13-1 stabilizes operation of the first switching element M1 driven by the first signal output unit 12-1.
  • the first charging unit 13-1 includes a current source ICC, first and second diodes Di1 and Di2, a zener diode ZDi, a first capacitor C1, and a driver DRV.
  • the current source ICC is connected through the first diode Di1 to a first end of the first capacitor C1.
  • the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected through the second diode Di2 to the signal output unit 12-1.
  • a second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to an output end of the driver DRV.
  • the bidirectional zener diode ZDi is a protective element and is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1.
  • the driver DRV outputs a drive pulse signal SD that is independent of the drive signals ⁇ Si ⁇ and oscillates between high and low levels at a frequency of several hundreds kHz.
  • the drive pulse signal SD is low, the current source ICC charges the first capacitor C1.
  • the drive pulse signal SD is high, potential at the second end of the first capacitor C1 is lifted.
  • Each of the signal output units 12-1 to 12-n is provided with a charging unit that is the same as the charging unit 13-1 explained above and illustrated in Fig. 4 .
  • FIG. 5 is a timing chart illustrating operation of the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a waveform M1 represents operation of the first switching element M1, a waveform M2 operation of the second switching element M2, a waveform Mn operation of the "n"th switching element Mn, a waveform VDD voltage applied between the positive and negative terminals T+ and T- of the constant current source IDD, and a waveform IDD current passing between the positive and negative terminals T+ and T- of the constant current source IDD.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the first drive signal S1 to the first signal output unit 12-1 to turn on the first switching element M1 that is the closest switching element to the positive terminal of the constant current source IDD.
  • the phase shifter 11 successively delays the second to "n"th drive signals S2 to Sn with respect to the first drive signal S1.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the second drive signal S2 to the second signal output unit 12-2 to turn on the second switching element M2 that is closer to the negative terminal of the constant current source IDD with respect to the first switching element M1.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the "n"th drive signal Sn to the "n"th signal output unit 12-n to turn on the "n"th switching element Mn. From time t0n to t11, all of the switching elements M1 to Mn are ON.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the first drive signal S1 to the first signal output unit 12-1 to turn off the first switching element M1.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the second drive signal S2 to the second signal output unit 12-2 to turn off the second switching element M2.
  • the phase shifter 11 outputs the "n"th drive signal Sn to the "n"th signal output unit 12-n to turn off the "n”th switching element Mn.
  • the voltage VDD rises and falls in steps when the switching elements M1 to Mn are successively turned on and off.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 and gate driver 10 according to the present invention employ the phase shifter 11 to manage at least one of the simultaneous turning on and simultaneous turning off of the first and second switching elements M1 and M2 (or M1 to Mn) . Accordingly, the present invention is able to reduce load fluctuations of the constant current source IDD and cancel at least one of overshoot and undershoot currents.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 and gate driver 10 according to the present invention employ the charging unit 13 that increases operating potential of the signal output unit 12 according to the drive pulse signal SD that is independent of the drive signals ⁇ Si ⁇ .
  • This configuration of the present invention moderates restrictions the related art of Patent Literature 1 must apply when turning on and off the switching elements M1 to Mn in the light emitting load driving apparatus 1a.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 and gate driver 10 may replace the phase shifter 11 with a ramp generator that successively elongates the rise time and fall time of the second to "n"th drive signals S2 to Sn with respect to the rise time and fall time of the first drive signal S1 of the switching element M1 that is the closest switching element to the positive terminal of the constant current source IDD.
  • This modification successively delays the turning-on or -off speeds of the switching elements M1 to Mn when receiving simultaneous turn-on or -off drive signals, thereby reducing load fluctuations of the constant current source IDD.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 may include a plurality of switching elements M1 to Mn that are formed as discrete devices and a gate driver 10 that is formed as a semiconductor integrated circuit.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus 1 according to the present invention may include at least one of the emission controller 2 and constant current source IDD.
  • Each of the light emitting loads D1 to Dn may include a plurality of LEDs.
  • the light emitting load driving apparatus and the light emitting apparatus for a vehicle provided by the present invention are capable of suppressing unnecessary electromagnetic radiation noises and erroneous load-short or load-open detection by a constant current source IDD.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Treibervorrichtung (1) für eine lichtemittierende Last, die ein erstes Schaltelement (M1), ein zweites Schaltelement (M2), eine Emissionssteuereinrichtung (2) zum Ausgeben eines Steuersignals und einen Gate-Treiber (10) zum Steuern der Gates des ersten Schaltelements (M1) und des zweiten Schaltelements (M2) basierend auf dem Steuersignal für das Treiben von ersten (D1) und zweiten (D2) in Reihe verbundenen lichtemittierenden Lasten umfasst,
    wobei das erste Schaltelement (M1), wenn es in einem EIN-Zustand ist, ausgebildet ist zum Umleiten eines Stroms, damit dieser nicht durch die erste lichtemittierende Last (D1) hindurchgeht, und
    wobei das zweite Schaltelement (M2), wenn es in einem EIN-Zustand ist, ausgebildet ist zum Umleiten eines Stroms, damit dieser nicht durch die zweite lichtemittierende Last (D2) hindurchgeht,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Gate-Treiber (10) ausgebildet ist zum Reduzieren eines Überschwingstroms, der verursacht wird, wenn die ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente gleichzeitig eingeschaltet werden, und/oder eines Unterschwingstroms, der verursacht wird, wenn die ersten und zweiten Schaltelemente gleichzeitig ausgeschaltet werden, durch:
    Erfassen von Steuersignalen ({SCi}), die wenigstens ein Ereignis des gleichzeitigen Einschaltens der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente und des gleichzeitigen Ausschaltens der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelement veranlassen, und
    Verzögern der Steuersignale ({SCi}) des ersten Schaltelements (M1) und des zweiten Schaltelements (M2), um den Zeitpunkt des Ereignisses zu verzögern.
  2. Treibervorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die ersten (D1) und zweiten (D2) lichtemittierenden Lasten in Reihe zwischen positiven und negativen Anschlüssen einer Konstantstromquelle (IDD) verbunden sind.
  3. Treibervorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Versetzen der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente in einen EIN-Zustand während einer vorbestimmten Periode (t0n-t11, t2n-t31).
  4. Treibervorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Erzeugen, gemäß den durch eine Emissionssteuereinrichtung (2) vorgesehenen Steuersignalen ({SCi}), eines ersten Treibersignals (S1) zum Treiben des ersten Schaltelements (M1) und eines zweiten Treibersignals (S2) zum Treiben des zweiten Schaltelements (M2).
  5. Treibervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Unterdrücken des gleichzeitigen Einschaltens der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente und/oder des gleichzeitigen Ausschaltens der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente.
  6. Treibervorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Verzögern der EIN- und/oder AUS-Zeitpunkte eines der ersten (M1) oder (M2) Schaltelemente, das mit dem negativen Anschluss der Konstantstromquelle (IDD) verbunden ist, wobei das zweite Schaltelement (M2) näher an dem negativen Anschluss der Konstantstromquelle (IDD) ist als das erste Schaltelement (M1).
  7. Treibervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Vermindern der Einschalt- und/oder Ausschaltgeschwindigkeiten der ersten (M1) und/oder zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente.
  8. Treibervorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, wobei der Gate-Treiber (10) weiterhin ausgebildet ist zum Vermindern der Einschalt- und/oder Ausschaltgeschwindigkeiten eines der ersten (M1) und zweiten (M2) Schaltelemente, das mit dem negativen Anschluss der Konstantstromquelle (IDD) verbunden ist, wobei das zweite Schaltelement (M2) näher an dem negativen Anschluss der Konstantstromquelle (IDD) ist als das erste Schaltelement (M1).
  9. Lichtemittierende Vorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug, wobei die Vorrichtung die Treibervorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, die erste lichtemittierende Last (D1) und die zweite lichtemittierende Last (D2) umfasst.
EP15157687.3A 2014-03-10 2015-03-05 Ansteuerungsvorrichtung einer lichtemittierenden last und lichtemittierende vorrichtung für ein fahrzeug Active EP2919559B1 (de)

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JP2014046174A JP6278238B2 (ja) 2014-03-10 2014-03-10 発光負荷の駆動装置及び車両用発光装置

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US9769898B1 (en) * 2016-12-08 2017-09-19 Nxp B.V. Adjusted pulse width modulation (PWM) curve calculations for improved accuracy

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JPH05328795A (ja) * 1992-05-26 1993-12-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 出力バッファ回路
JP4573579B2 (ja) * 2004-06-18 2010-11-04 三洋電機株式会社 Ｌｅｄ照明装置
RU2447624C2 (ru) * 2006-09-20 2012-04-10 Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. Система управления светоизлучающим элементом и осветительная система, содержащая ее
US8493000B2 (en) * 2010-01-04 2013-07-23 Cooledge Lighting Inc. Method and system for driving light emitting elements
JP6134312B2 (ja) * 2012-04-25 2017-05-24 株式会社小糸製作所 ダウンコンバータの制御回路および車両用灯具
DE102013100663A1 (de) * 2013-01-23 2014-07-24 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Anordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anordnung
JP5422068B2 (ja) 2013-02-15 2014-02-19 三菱電機株式会社 Ｌｅｄ点灯装置および車両用前照灯

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JP6278238B2 (ja) 2018-02-14
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