EP2913602A1 - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Air conditioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2913602A1
EP2913602A1 EP13837652.0A EP13837652A EP2913602A1 EP 2913602 A1 EP2913602 A1 EP 2913602A1 EP 13837652 A EP13837652 A EP 13837652A EP 2913602 A1 EP2913602 A1 EP 2913602A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
temperature
power consumption
outside air
target
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13837652.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hirotaka Masui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP2913602A1 publication Critical patent/EP2913602A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F24F2011/0006—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation using low temperature external supply air to assist cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
    • F24F2120/10—Occupancy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2120/00—Control inputs relating to users or occupants
    • F24F2120/10—Occupancy
    • F24F2120/12—Position of occupants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioning system that air conditions an air-conditioned space.
  • an air conditioning system that performs a cooling/heating operation so that a comfortable temperature is reached when a motion sensor detects presence of an occupant in a room and that performs a low load operation when the motion sensor detects no occupant in the room (see Patent Literature 1, for example).
  • a typical outside air cooling operation performs a cooling operation, for example, by suspending an operation of a compressor in order to stop an operation performed with a refrigerant circuit and by introducing the outside air into the conditioned space.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
  • a known air conditioning system such as the one in Patent Literature 1, is capable of performing energy saving operations while there is no occupant in a room; however, when there is an occupant in the room, operation is performed with a fixed target room temperature.
  • a comfortable temperature for an occupant who has entered the room from a hot outdoor area and a comfortable temperature for an occupant who has been in the room for a long time and is sufficiently cooled are, in most cases, different. If the target room temperature is set low to suit the occupant who has entered the room, it will be cold for the occupant who has been in the room and it will cause energy to be lost due to over cooling. Whereas, if the target room temperature is set high, it will be hot for the former occupant, disadvantageously impairing comfortability.
  • the outside air cooling operation does not require the operation of the refrigerant circuit in which the compressor is driven, when the outside air temperature is relatively high without much difference with the target room temperature, a large amount of outside air needs to be introduced (supplied). Accordingly, conveyance power for the outside air increases, resulting in increase of power consumption; hence, energy saving is disadvantageously hindered. In particular, if the outside air is introduced through a long duct, the conveyance power loss is increased markedly. Further, when the outside air temperature is excessively low, the outside air cooling operation cannot be performed due to possibility of dew condensation and the like. Accordingly, the range of the outside air temperature allowing performance of the outside air cooling operation is limited; hence, sufficient advantages are not obtained throughout the year.
  • the invention addresses to the above disadvantages and an object thereof is to provide an air conditioning system that is capable of achieving energy saving while maintaining a temperature corresponding to a state of the occupants in an air-conditioned space.
  • An air-conditioning system of the invention includes an air-conditioning apparatus that has a compressor that circulates a refrigerant and that performs air conditioning of an air-conditioned space; a fan that supplies air outside the air-conditioned space; outside air temperature detection means that detects a temperature outside the air-conditioned space; heat source detection means that detects a heat source object in the air-conditioned space; target-room-temperature determination means that determines a user number and/or a variation of the user number in the air-conditioned space on the basis of a detection of the heat source detection means and that determines a target room temperature that is a temperature target of the air-conditioned space; and cooling-operation-method determination means that determines whether to operate the air-conditioning apparatus or to operate the fan on the basis of the target room temperature and the temperature outside the air-conditioned space.
  • an energy saving operation using the outside air can be performed while maintaining the temperature to a temperature corresponding to the state of the occupants in the air-conditioned space by determining the target room temperature on the basis of the number of occupants in the air-conditioned space and variation of the number thereof and by determining whether to operate the air-conditioning apparatus or the fan on the basis of the target room temperature and the like.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an air-conditioning system according to Embodiment 1 of the invention.
  • the air conditioning system of Embodiment 1 includes an air-conditioning apparatus having an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 3 connected by refrigerant pipes 2.
  • the indoor unit 3 is disposed in an air-conditioned room 4.
  • the air-conditioned room 4 is provided with outside air introduction means 6 such as a fan, an outside air introduction duct 7, human body position detection means (human body position detection sensor) 5, and room temperature detection means (room temperature detection sensor) 9.
  • outside air temperature detection means (outside air temperature detection sensor) 10 and a controller 11 are provided outside the air-conditioned room 4.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the invention.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit, which circulates a refrigerant between the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 3, and performs air conditioning of the air-conditioned room 4.
  • description is given assuming that air conditioning is performed with a cooling operation that cools the air-conditioned room 4.
  • the outdoor unit 1 of Embodiment 1 includes various devices (means) such as a compressor 101, a four-way valve 102, an outdoor side heat exchanger 103, and an outdoor side fan 104.
  • the compressor 101 compresses and discharges the suction refrigerant. Further, the outdoor side heat exchanger 103 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air (outdoor air).
  • the outdoor side heat exchanger 103 of Embodiment 1 functions, for example, as an evaporator during a heating operation; exchanges heat between a low-pressure refrigerant, which has flowed therein from the refrigerant pipe 2, and the air; and evaporates and gasifies the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor side heat exchanger 103 functions as a condenser during a cooling operation; exchanges heat between a refrigerant, which has flowed from the four-way valve 102 side and that has been compressed in the compressor 101, and air; and condenses and liquefies the refrigerant. Furthermore, the outdoor side fan 104 sends in air from the outside of the air-conditioned room 4 so that efficient heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant and the air.
  • the four-way valve 102 switches the flow of the refrigerant between a flow for a cooling operation and a flow for a heating operation in accordance with an instruction from the controller 11.
  • the indoor unit 3 includes an indoor side heat exchanger 301, and indoor side expansion device (expansion valve) 302, and an indoor side fan 303.
  • the indoor side heat exchanger 301 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air-conditioned room 4.
  • the indoor side heat exchanger 301 functions, for example, as a condenser during a heating operation; exchanges heat between the refrigerant, which has flowed therein from the refrigerant pipe 2, and the air; condenses and liquefies (or into a two-phase gas-liquid state) the refrigerant, and makes the refrigerant flow out therefrom.
  • the indoor side heat exchanger 301 functions as an evaporator during a cooling operation; exchanges heat between the refrigerant, which has been turned into a low-pressure state with the indoor side expansion device 302, and the air; evaporates and gasifies the refrigerant by having the refrigerant remove heat from the air; and makes the refrigerant flow out therefrom. Further, the indoor unit 3 is provided with the indoor side fan 303 to control the flow of air that performs heat exchange.
  • the human body position detection means 5 serving as a heat source sensor is, for example, an infrared sensor.
  • the human body position detection means 5 scans the entire air-conditioned room 4, detects a two-dimensional temperature distribution of the entire air-conditioned room 4, and transmits a signal to the controller 11.
  • the human body position detection means 5 scans and detects the two-dimensional temperature distribution of the entire air-conditioned room 4, the invention is not limited to this.
  • an array of infrared sensors may constitute the human body position detection means 5 such that detection of the two-dimensional temperature distribution of the entire air-conditioned room 4 is carried out without any scanning.
  • the room temperature detection means 9 that serves as an indoor air temperature sensor detects the air temperature in the air-conditioned room 4 and transmits a signal to the controller 11. Further, the outside air temperature detection means 10 that serves as an outside air temperature sensor detects the air (outside air) temperature (outside air temperature) outside the air-conditioned room 4 and transmits a signal to the controller 11.
  • the outside air introduction means 6 includes a fan, drives the fan, and sends outside air into the air-conditioned room 4 from the outside of the air-conditioned room 4 through the outside air introduction duct 7.
  • Each signal line 8 is a line for communicating with the controller 11.
  • a signal line 8a is a line for transmitting a signal related to a detection of the outside air temperature detection means 10.
  • a signal line 8b is a line for communicating between the indoor unit 3 and the controller 11.
  • a signal line 8c is a line for transmitting a signal related to a detection of the room temperature detection means 9.
  • a signal line 8d is a line for transmitting a signal related to a detection of the human body position detection means 5.
  • a signal line 8e is a line for communicating between the outside air introduction means 6 and the controller 11.
  • the controller 11 controls each of the components of the air conditioning system.
  • the controller 11 includes target-room-temperature determination means 12 and cooling-operation-method determination means 13.
  • the target-room-temperature determination means 12 performs a determination process of the target room temperature in the air-conditioned room 4 in correspondence with the signal sent from the human body position detection means 5. Details of the process will be described below.
  • the cooling-operation-method determination means 13 performs a determination process of whether to perform a cooling operation with the air-conditioning apparatus (refrigerant circuit) or to perform an outside air cooling operation that makes the outside air flow into the air-conditioned room 4 from the outside air introduction means 6 on the basis of the target room temperature that the target-room-temperature determination means 12 has determined and the outside air temperature related to the detection of the outside air temperature detection means 10. Furthermore, the operation of each component is controlled such that the room temperature related to the detection of the room temperature detection means 9 becomes a target room temperature that the target-room-temperature determination means 12 has determined.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating relationships between users 20 (20a, 20b, 20c, 20d) of the air-conditioned room 4 and detection signals of the human body position detection means 5 according to Embodiment 1 of the invention.
  • a vertically oriented output signal 21 which is a signal in the vertical direction (height direction) of the air-conditioned room, remains at zero (level zero) as shown with a vertically oriented output signal 21 a.
  • a horizontally oriented output signal 22 in the horizontal direction of the air-conditioned room 4 the signal strength remains at zero, as shown with a horizontally oriented output signal 22a.
  • a vertically oriented output signal 21 b has three high-signal-level portions where the signal strengths are strong, each corresponding to the height of the users 20b, 20c, and 20d, respectively.
  • a horizontally oriented output signal 22b also has three portions where the signal levels are high, each corresponding to the positions of the users 20b, 20c, and 20d, respectively.
  • either one of the vertically oriented output signal 21 and the horizontally oriented output signal 22 may detect the user 20.
  • the human body position detection means 5 is provided in the ceiling of the air-conditioned room 4. The human body position detection means 5 transmits the horizontally oriented output signal 22b to the controller 11.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart of a procedure that is performed by the target-room-temperature determination means 12 according to Embodiment 1 of the invention.
  • the target-room-temperature determination means 12 presets and stores threshold values that are needed to perform the determination and the like as initial values.
  • the level of occupant number in the air-conditioned room 4 is set.
  • the level of occupant number is set to three levels, namely, low, intermediate, and high.
  • boundary values of the total area of the heat source object area 1 and area 2 each serving as a predetermined area value is set.
  • the total heat-source-object area is determined on the basis of the summation of the high-signal-level portions of the horizontally oriented output signal 22b illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • the target room temperature is set to a target room temperature for large occupant number when the level of occupant number is high or when the level of occupant number has increased from the preceding determination. Furthermore, the target room temperature is set to a target room temperature for small occupant number when the level of occupant number is low, intermediate, or zero, as well as when the level of occupant number has decreased or has not changed.
  • step 1 the temperature distribution of the entire air-conditioned room 4 is determined on the basis of the signal transmitted from the human body position detection means 5. Further, in step 2, the total area (total heat-source-object area) of the heat source object (user 20) is calculated on the basis of the temperature distribution.
  • the process After the target room temperature for large occupant number, which has been set when the level of occupant number is high or when the level of occupant number has increased, is determined as the target room temperature in step 6, the process returns to step 1. On the other hand, after the target room temperature for small occupant number--having been set when the level of occupant number is low, intermediate, or zero, or when the level of occupant number has decreased or has not changed--is determined as the target room temperature in step 7, the process returns to step 1.
  • the target-room-temperature determination means 12 determines the target room temperature in the air-conditioned room 4 by performing the above process.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating power consumed when the outside air introduction means 6 is driven and when the air-conditioning apparatus is operated.
  • the axis of ordinates represents the power consumption
  • the axis of abscissas represents the air volume of the outside air introduction means 6.
  • Line 31, representing the power consumption of the outside air introduction means 6 while in operation shows that the power consumption increases when the air volume of the outside air introduction means 6 increases.
  • Line 32 represents the power consumption of the air-conditioning apparatus (refrigerant circuit) while in operation.
  • the power consumption is mainly that of the driven compressor 101 although it including the power consumption of the driven outdoor side fan 104. As shown in Fig.
  • the target-room-temperature determination means 12 determines the target room temperature on the basis of the number of users in the air-conditioned room 4 and the variation of the number thereof, and since the cooling-operation-method determination means 13 determines whether to operate the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 3 or to operate the outside air introduction means 6 on the basis of the target room temperature and the outside air temperature, an energy saving operation using the outside air can be performed while maintaining the temperature to a temperature corresponding to the state of the user(s) 20 in the air-conditioned room 4.
  • the power consumption determination means 16 has tabular data, for example, that shows the relationship between the power consumption and the discharge pressure of the refrigerant, the discharge temperature of the refrigerant, the rotation speed of the compressor 101, and the like.
  • the power consumption determination means 16 has tabular data, for example, that shows the relationship between the power consumption and the air volume, the rotation speed, and the like of the outside air introduction means 6.
  • step 20 it is determined whether the compressor 101 is driven (whether the air-conditioning apparatus is in operation). When it is determined that the compressor 101 is being driven, the process proceeds to step 21. When it is determined that the compressor 101 is not being driven, the process proceeds to step 26.
  • step 21 the current refrigerant discharge pressure and the current refrigerant discharge temperature of the compressor 101 and the current rotation speed of the compressor 101 is measured. For the measurement, pressure detection means, temperature detection means, and the like are disposed in the discharge side pipe or the like. Further, in step 22, the power consumption determination means 16 determines the current power consumption of the air-conditioning apparatus (mainly the compressor 101) on the basis of the aforementioned data.
  • step 23 the air volume and the rotation speed of the outside air introduction means 6, which are required in order to obtain the cooling capacity during the outside air cooling operation, are calculated and determined on the basis of the temperature difference between the current outside air temperature and the target room temperature. Further, in step 24, the power consumed by the operation of the outside air introduction means 6 is estimated and determined on the basis of the above-mentioned equation (2), for example.
  • the target room temperature is set such that the target room temperature for small occupant number is higher than the target room temperature for large occupant number; however, the invention is not limited to the above setting and any target room temperature may be set. Further, conditions such as a schedule may be added.
EP13837652.0A 2012-09-13 2013-07-23 Air conditioning system Withdrawn EP2913602A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/614,305 US20140069131A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2012-09-13 Air conditioning system
PCT/JP2013/069856 WO2014041896A1 (ja) 2012-09-13 2013-07-23 空気調和システム

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2913602A1 true EP2913602A1 (en) 2015-09-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13837652.0A Withdrawn EP2913602A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2013-07-23 Air conditioning system

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US (1) US20140069131A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2913602A1 (ja)
JP (1) JPWO2014041896A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2014041896A1 (ja)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113357740A (zh) * 2021-05-17 2021-09-07 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种空气净化消毒机及其消毒控制方法
CN113357740B (zh) * 2021-05-17 2022-08-19 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 一种空气净化消毒机及其消毒控制方法

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