EP2913112A1 - Centrifugeuse et procédé de chargement d'une centrifugeuse - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse et procédé de chargement d'une centrifugeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2913112A1
EP2913112A1 EP15150688.8A EP15150688A EP2913112A1 EP 2913112 A1 EP2913112 A1 EP 2913112A1 EP 15150688 A EP15150688 A EP 15150688A EP 2913112 A1 EP2913112 A1 EP 2913112A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
feed
centrifuge
inlet
empty space
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP15150688.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2913112B1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Meier
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Ferrum AG
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Ferrum AG
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Publication of EP2913112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2913112A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/06—Arrangement of distributors or collectors in centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B15/00—Other accessories for centrifuges
    • B04B15/06—Other accessories for centrifuges for cleaning bowls, filters, sieves, inserts, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular double-feed centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge, and a feed diverter for a centrifuge, and a method for loading a centrifuge with a mixture or with a washing fluid according to the preamble of the independent claims 1, 14, and 15.
  • the invention is discussed primarily using the example of the application in a double-feed centrifuge. It goes without saying that the invention can equally advantageously be used in any other type of centrifuge, in particular in single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuges and in special cases even in centrifugal centrifuges, which are therefore all covered by the present application.
  • centrifuges are widely used in various embodiments and are used in a variety of fields.
  • discontinuously operating centrifuges such as centrifugal peeler preferably used, while especially when continuously large amounts of a solid-liquid mixture to be separated, continuously operating pusher centrifuges are advantageously used.
  • one-stage or multistage pusher centrifuges, as well as so-called double-pusher centrifuges, are advantageously used in practice.
  • a solid-liquid mixture for example a suspension or other moist substance mixture, such as a moist salt or salt mixture
  • a mixture distributor of a rapidly rotating centrifuge drum comprising a barrel at least partially configured as a filter, supplied, so that due to the centrifugal forces acting the liquid phase is eliminated through the filter, while inside a drum wall of the centrifuge drum, a solid cake is deposited.
  • the term centrifuge drum, drum and barrel used by the expert often, although not synonymous throughout, of course, multi-part constructed drums are known in which, for example, a removable filter basket or a removable filter cloth can be provided or the centrifuge drum itself designed integrally as a filter basket can be.
  • a substantially disc-shaped synchronously co-rotating thrust tray is arranged, which oscillates in the axial direction in the drum with a certain amplitude, so that a part of the dehumidified solids cake at one end of the Drum is pushed out.
  • an adjacent to the sliding floor area of the basket is released, which can then be fed through the inlet pipe and the mixture manifold again with a new mixture.
  • drum diameter up to 1000 mm and even larger are quite common and typical rotational frequencies of the drum, depending on the drum diameter of up to 2000 revolutions per minute and more can be achieved. In this case usually requires a larger drum diameter because of the strong centrifugal forces occurring a smaller maximum rotational frequency of the drum.
  • the operating parameters such as the rotational frequency of the drum or the basket, the per unit time supplied amount of mixture or the drum diameter and thus the diameter of the barrel, or the type of pusher centrifuge used also from the material to be dehumidified, the Depend on liquid content, etc.
  • the mixture usually passes through a stationary inlet pipe and a mixture distributor in the center of the centrifuge drum, wherein the mixture distributor rotates synchronously with the centrifuge drum.
  • the mixture distributor rotates synchronously with the centrifuge drum.
  • the mixture distributor Through a arranged in the middle of the basket moving floor, which oscillates along the longitudinal axis of the centrifuge drum and can be operatively connected to the mixture distributor, the mixture in interaction with the mixture distributor, alternately fed to the front or rear drum half.
  • two inlet zones are present, so that correspondingly larger amounts of mixture can be processed per unit time.
  • a predeterminable part of the solid cake is transported through the sliding floor to the respective end of the drum and discharged through a collecting channel.
  • a known double-thrust centrifuge which operates on the previously described principle is, for example, in EP 0 635 309 B1 described in detail.
  • the advantages over conventional single or multi-stage pusher centrifuges are obvious.
  • here is the double inlet zone to call, whereby a significantly increased liquid absorption capacity is achieved, so that mixtures with lower inlet concentrations, ie can be processed with higher liquid content, while higher total feed quantities of mixture are processable.
  • results in the same number of strokes a double Festoff conveyance and thus a specific lower transport work.
  • the space required corresponds to that of normal pusher centrifuges of the same size.
  • Typical areas of application for double-feed centrifuges include well dehumidified products, such as sea salt, where in particular the double utilization of the pushing movement comes to full effect.
  • Another typical field of application are poorly filterable products or mixtures with low inlet concentrations (ie with a high liquid content).
  • the higher liquid absorption capacity compared to ordinary pusher centrifuges has a particularly positive effect. It is possible to process smaller inlet concentrations or higher suspension volumes without causing flooding.
  • the known pusher centrifuges also have several serious disadvantages. Even if lower with the known double thrust centrifuges Inlet concentrations can be processed as with ordinary single or multi-stage pusher centrifuges, the inlet concentration of the mixture to be processed may not be arbitrarily small. That is, if the proportion of liquid in the mixture is too high, for example, 50% or 70% or 80% or even more than 90% liquid phase, the mixture must be pre-thickened in more or less expensive processes. In fact, if the liquid content is too high, a uniform distribution of the mixture to be dried over the circumference of the sieve drum becomes increasingly difficult.
  • the centrifuges known from the prior art sometimes show significant disadvantages.
  • the mixture introduced into the mixture distributor through the inlet pipe is accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the drum in the shortest time when it strikes the screening drum.
  • This can lead to grain breakage, especially with sensitive substances.
  • solid grains distributed in a suspension fed to the centrifuge are in the abrupt acceleration process in Uncontrolled manner burst into smaller pieces, which may have a negative impact on the quality of the produced solid cake, for example, if the particle size of the grains in the final product plays a role.
  • the centrifuge according to Fig. 1 shows on average in a schematic representation of essential components of a known double thrust centrifuge.
  • the example of the EP 1 468 741 A1 Known double-thrust centrifuge which is hereinafter referred to collectively with the reference numeral 1 ', comprises in a conventional manner a about an axis of rotation 2' about a drum axis 31 'rotatable basket 3', which is housed in a housing G '.
  • the drum axis 31 ' is in operative connection with a drum drive, not shown, so that the drum 3' can be set by the drum drive in rapid rotation about the rotation axis 2 '.
  • the basket 3 'in this case has screen openings 32', through which in a known manner with rapid rotation liquid phase 6 'from a mixture 4', which is applied to an inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3', and by the centrifugal forces occurring to the outside into a collecting device 18 'can be discharged.
  • the applied to the inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3' mixture 4 ' is so deposited by the prevailing very strong centrifugal forces in a solids cake 5', which is deposited on the inner peripheral surface 20 'of the barrel 3', and the liquid phase 6 ', the through the screen openings 32 'from the barrel 3' can be discharged, separated.
  • a mixture distributor 7' is arranged, which allows mixture 4 'on the inner peripheral surface 20' of the barrel 3 'to distribute, wherein the Mixture distributor 7 'an inlet pipe 10' and a push floor device 8 'with pusher bottom plate 81' includes.
  • the mixture 4 ' passes in the operating state via the inlet pipe 10' in the inlet device 17 'of the mixture manifold 7' and then due to an oscillatory movement of the pusher bottom device 8 'alternately the front or rear half of the barrel 3' fed.
  • the inlet device 17 ' is preferably rigidly coupled to the barrel 3' by fastening means and therefore rotates synchronously with the barrel 3 'and the mixture manifold 7'.
  • the oscillatory movement which will be described in more detail below, performs. with the push floor plate 81 ', the connecting element 82', the push floor device 8 'and the outer ring area 9'.
  • the push floor device 8 ' is connected via a connecting element 82' with the push floor plate 81 'operatively connected.
  • the pusher bottom device 8 ' is preferably in the form of a circular disk with an outer annular region 9', wherein the annular region 9 'is formed and arranged on a peripheral region of the pusher bottom device 8' such that the ring region 9 'deposits in the annular basket 3' Solid cake 5 'alternately in both directions of the axis of rotation 2' is displaceable.
  • the pusher bottom plate 81 ' is also preferably formed as a ring sheath 81', but may also be designed in the form of a spoke wheel 81 'or in any other suitable form.
  • the connecting element 82 ' which connects the push floor plate 81' to the push floor device 8 'in an effective manner, is constructed, for example, of a plurality of struts 82', which preferably but not necessarily extend along the axis of rotation 2 ', or as a compact or non-compact drum 82 ', For example, be designed as a perforated drum 82' or in any other suitable form.
  • the Schubodenplatte 81 ' is coupled by means of a thrust axis 16' to a pusher with reversing unit, not shown, so that the pusher bottom plate 81 ' with the connecting element 82 'and the sliding floor device 8' in the direction of the axis of rotation 2 'in an oscillatory movement with a predeterminable stroke is displaceable.
  • the sliding floor device 8 'in a predetermined range in the form of acceleration surfaces 12' is designed so that the introduced from the inlet pipe 10 'mixture 4' before reaching the runner 3 'accelerated to a predetermined peripheral speed is.
  • EP 1 468 741 A1 Due to the fact that according to this solution EP 1 468 741 A1 has the pusher bottom device 8 'against the radial direction inclined acceleration surfaces 12', a through the inlet pipe 10 'in the mixture manifold 7' introduced mixture 4 'does not hit directly on the basket 3'. Rather, the incoming mixture 4 'is applied to the acceleration surfaces 12', which are inclined against the radial direction. As a result, a slower acceleration of the newly introduced mixture 4 'is achieved on the peripheral speed of the basket 3', which in particular grain breakage and other harmful effects, such as occur during abrupt acceleration in the known from the prior art double thrust centrifuges, can be prevented.
  • the construction of the EP 1 468 741 A1 with mixture distributor 7 ', the inlet device 17', and with the acceleration surfaces 12 'on the sliding floor device 8' according to Fig. 1 structurally relatively complex, so that it may be desirable in certain cases, to dispense with such a complex construction of the mixture manifold 7 'either wholly or at least partially or to maintain this in whole or in part but at the same time to further improve its function by additional design or procedural measures ,
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose an improved double-slide centrifuge, which largely avoids the disadvantages resulting from the prior art.
  • the feed device comprises a feed reversal control and a mixture feed, so that the mixture can be supplied to the first empty space or the second empty space by means of the feed reversal control via the mixture feed to a predeterminable scheme.
  • the feed device which in practice may comprise a feed pipe known per se, comprises an infeed control and is in operative connection therewith so that at least the mixture, and / or in special embodiments also another fluid, eg a washing fluid can be introduced into the interior of the sieve drum and distributed in the sieve drum, and so e.g. the mixture to be dehumidified in the first empty space or second empty space of the double-draw centrifuge produced by the moving floor on an inner peripheral surface of the drum in the operating state can be supplied selectively and in a predeterminable scheme and in predeterminable amounts.
  • a washing fluid e.g. the mixture to be dehumidified in the first empty space or second empty space of the double-draw centrifuge produced by the moving floor on an inner peripheral surface of the drum in the operating state can be supplied selectively and in a predeterminable scheme and in predeterminable amounts.
  • the metered dehumidifying mixture in predetermined amounts and apply at predetermined times or at predetermined time intervals optimally depending on the relevant boundary conditions or parameters on the inner peripheral surface of the drum for dehumidifying.
  • a mixture laden with a lot of liquid or even an already largely pre-dehumidified mixture by an inventive Double slide centrifuge are optimally processed without previously structural adjustments to the centrifuge or to their additional aggregates must be made.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention comprises according to the following detailed description corresponding means for loading with the mixture to be dehumidified, in practice usually a suspension, or also means for washing the solid cake with a washing liquid.
  • corresponding units for purging the centrifuge can be provided, which knows the person skilled in principle ago principle.
  • sensors, probes, optical lenses or the like known per se for measuring, controlling or regulating the feeding of the media to be processed such as suspensions to be dehumidified, washing or cleaning fluids or other media to be processed other known per se other sensors or detectors are provided on a novel double-slide centrifuge, with which, for example suitable valves, pumps, locks, etc. can be controlled or regulated so that the substances to be processed in accordance with the necessary requirements are flexibly and optimally fed to the screen drum.
  • the feed device or at least a part of its components is advantageously provided on a front plate of the centrifuge and particularly preferably protrudes through the push floor into the interior of the sieve drum of the centrifuge.
  • the feed device may comprise one, several or even a plurality of inlet pipes and / or Einspeiseum horrungen, or in which in operation one or more rotating or partially rotating or pulsating metering devices in the form of Zuteilkolben, Zuteilbüchsen or differently configured Zuteilaggregaten can be provided.
  • the one or more pulsating, rotating, partially rotating or otherwise metering components of the inventive feed reversal thus serves above all, but not only for the defined task of the product stream of mixture to be dehumidified and / or for washing the solid cake and / or for rinsing the front or rear of the rear chambers of the centrifuge.
  • the allocator is e.g. a dispensing piston or a dispensing ram or other dispensing device, this may for example have a square, oval or circular cross-section. However, it can also be designed as a flat slide, cylindrical, cubic or spherical and thus serves for selective feeding or non-feeding of the medium to be fed into the sieve drum.
  • the feeding device or its components can be made of any suitable material and, depending on the requirements, produced according to methods of production known per se and possibly also e.g. may also be suitably treated on the surfaces, so that necessary requirements for certain material properties such as hardness, strength, microstructure changes surface roughness, etc. can be optimally adjusted.
  • the drive and / or the control and / or regulation of the feed device or its components can be effected by suitable drives, which are provided directly to the corresponding components to be driven or else removed from the components, e.g. may be provided in corresponding drive units outside the centrifuge, which may then be connected via suitable connections such as pressure lines, electrical connections, radio links or any other suitable active and / or signal connection with the component to be operated in a conventional manner.
  • the feed device comprises an inlet pipe with inlet pipe axis and the feed diverter comprises an allocation device provided at the inlet pipe, with which the mixture feed can be manipulated according to a predeterminable scheme such that a supply of the mixture into the first empty space or is prevented in the second empty space. That is, the supply of the mixture in the first space or in the second Empty space is no longer controlled as it were passive and inflexible by the movement of the moving floor alone, but can be controlled and / or controlled flexibly in the inventive pusher centrifuge actively and selectively by the Eispeiseum lodgeung according to a predetermined scheme.
  • the metering device may be an at least partially arranged in the inlet pipe dispensing piston or may alternatively or additionally be an at least partially outside of the inlet pipe Zuteilbüchse.
  • the allocation device can be arranged so as to be more displaceable or rotatable about the inlet axis along the inlet tube axis or be designed in any other suitable manner which specifically controls and / or regulates the fluid stream, ie the part to be dehumidified or separated Mixture, the washing liquid, the cleaning liquid or another substance to be processed as desired allowed.
  • the mixture feed may be an integral part of the inlet pipe and preferably a first feed opening which is not movable with respect to the inlet axis for feeding the mixture or another fluid to be processed into the first empty space, and a second feed opening for feeding not movable with respect to the inlet axis of the mixture or other fluid to be processed into the second void.
  • the mixture feed may alternatively or simultaneously be an integral part of the metering device, and preferably a first supply port movable with respect to the intake axis with the metering device for supplying the mixture or other fluid to be processed into the first empty space and one with respect to the inlet axis with the allocating device comprise a movable second supply opening for supplying the mixture or another fluid to be processed into the second empty space.
  • a plurality of mixture feeds or a plurality of metering device can also be advantageously provided, wherein the feed device may preferably comprise a plurality of inlet pipes with feed diversion and mixture feed, so that the Mixture or other fluid to be processed can be supplied to the first empty space or the second empty space according to a predeterminable scheme.
  • the feed device may preferably comprise a plurality of inlet pipes with feed diversion and mixture feed, so that the Mixture or other fluid to be processed can be supplied to the first empty space or the second empty space according to a predeterminable scheme.
  • the mixture or another fluid to be processed by the feed-in control is fed separately.
  • the feed-in control can be manipulated in particular by means of a mechanical, or an electrical, or a hydraulic, or a pneumatic drive and preferably be controlled or regulated by means of a drive unit according to a predeterminable scheme, in particular by means of a programmable data processing system ,
  • a washing device for washing the solid cake by means of a washing fluid is provided, wherein the washing device may be preferably identical to the feed device or part of the feed device, wherein the controlled supply of the mixture or the washing fluid or another To be processed fluids inside or outside the centrifuge provided feed metering can be used, which is in the simplest case, for example, a shut-off or metering valve, so that a predetermined amount of the mixture or a predetermined amount of the washing fluid or other fluid to be processed fed to the feed device is.
  • a per se known inlet disk preferably provided at the inlet pipe for better channeling of the medium to be introduced into the drum or for controlled feeding of the mixture into a predeterminable region of the drum.
  • the invention further relates to a Einspeiseum horrung or a method for loading a centrifuge, in particular double shear centrifuge, or single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge according to the present description.
  • the sliding bottom device of a centrifuge according to the invention may have an acceleration surface inclined towards the radial direction, which, for reasons of clarity in the drawings, according to the examples according to the invention Fig. 2 to Fig. 6c not explicitly shown, but off Fig. 1 for the expert without effort on a centrifuge according to the invention are transferable.
  • a mixture introduced by the feeder does not strike the screen drum directly. Rather, the incoming mixture is applied to the acceleration surfaces, which are inclined towards the radial direction. Thereby, a slowed acceleration of the newly introduced mixture is achieved on the peripheral speed of the screen drum, which in particular grain breakage and other harmful effects, such as occur in the abrupt acceleration in other known from the prior art centrifuges, can be prevented.
  • a bursting of solid grains contained in the mixture can be avoided, because the acceleration process over the predeterminable inclination angle of the acceleration surfaces is controlled, ie that the acceleration itself, for example, by an appropriate choice of the inclination angle of the acceleration surface is adjustable.
  • the quality of the solid cake produced in particular in products in which, for example, the particle size or the shape of the grains in the end product play a role, can be significantly increased.
  • the sieve drum can be configured in a manner known per se as a skeletal support drum, which is lined with special filter foils on its circumference to form the corresponding sieve surfaces, i. the skeletal support drum can be configured for example with one or more filter screens with different or equal sized filter openings for the deposition of the liquid phase.
  • mixture distributor can also be arranged, which allows mixture to be distributed over the peripheral surface of the sieve drum, wherein the mixture distributor preferably comprises an inlet device and a push floor device with push bottom plate.
  • the inlet device is rigidly coupled in a preferred embodiment with the screen drum and therefore rotates synchronously with the screen drum and the mixture distributor.
  • the mixture distributor with its components, i. E. with the pusher bottom plate, the connecting element, the push floor device and the outer ring area.
  • the pusher bottom device which in a special embodiment variant can be connected to the pusher bottom plate in an effective manner, is preferably designed in the form of a circular disc with an outer annular region, wherein the annular region is formed and arranged on a peripheral region of the pusher bottom device in such a way that the annular region of FIG the screen drum deposited solid cake is alternately displaceable in both directions of the axis of rotation.
  • the Schuêtplatte can be coupled in the case of a double-slide centrifuge in a conventional manner by means of a thrust axis to a pusher with reversing unit, so that the pusher bottom device in the direction of the axis of rotation in an oscillatory movement can be offset with a predefined stroke. Due to the oscillatory movement of the sliding bottom device, the solid cake deposited on the peripheral surface of the sieve drum is displaceable alternately in both directions of the rotation axis through the outer annular region, so that the solid cake can be transported through the outer annular region in the axial direction to the respective end of the sieve drum and via a discharge opening of the liquid phase separated from the double shear centrifuge can be discharged.
  • the pusher bottom device is configured in a predefinable region in the form of acceleration surfaces such that the mixture introduced by the feed device can be accelerated to a predefinable peripheral speed before reaching the screen drum.
  • the mixture from the feed device is alternately fed to one side of the push-floor device. If the mixture in the feed device is not already termevantbar to a predetermined peripheral speed, the mixture passes substantially under the action of gravity on a corresponding surface of the sliding bottom device and finally reaches the relative to the radial direction at a predeterminable inclination angle inclined acceleration surface. The mixture flows over or along the acceleration surface and thus reaches the peripheral surface of the sieve drum. Here, the mixture enters the void space created by the oscillating motion of the pusher bottom device on the peripheral surface of the screen drum, and is accelerated to the rotation speed of the screen drum. Due to the enormously high centrifugal forces acting on the mixture deposited in the empty space, the liquid phase contained in the mixture is discharged through the sieve openings out of the sieve drum.
  • the flow velocity in the area of the acceleration surface is selectively variable compared to the velocity in the free fall of the mixture in the direction of the peripheral surface, so that the mixture in the region of the acceleration surfaces becomes closer to the outer ring region is gradually accelerated. That is, the mixture is in the acceleration surfaces of the in accordance with the invention, the double-slide centrifuge is gradually accelerated to a predefinable peripheral speed in a particularly gentle manner, in order then finally to reach the full rotational speed of the screening drum when the peripheral surface is reached.
  • the value of the angle of inclination of the acceleration surface against the radial direction may be, for example, between 0 ° and 90 °, in particular between 10 ° and 30 ° or between 30 ° and 60 °, in particular between 60 ° and 70 °, but preferably between 55 ° and 75 °.
  • the value of the inclination angle is greater than 70 ° and may even be close to 90 °.
  • a rather not too acute angle is advantageous, with an optimum value of the corresponding inclination angle being determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.
  • the acceleration surfaces may either extend only over a portion of the sliding floor device or over the entire radial height of the sliding floor device, wherein the sliding floor device may be wholly or partially constructed as a substantially hollow frame or wholly or partly of solid material as required.
  • the two acceleration surfaces may have the same or different angles of inclination.
  • the acceleration surface is designed as a filter screen for separating liquid phase from the mixture.
  • Both acceleration surfaces are preferably configured as a filter screen.
  • only one acceleration surface can be configured as a filter, or the two acceleration surfaces can each have differently configured filter screens.
  • the two different filter screens may be constructed of different materials, for example, or the size of the filter pores may be different. This makes it possible to produce in the same operation from the same mixture two different solid cake of different quality, ie with different properties.
  • the acceleration surface can be arranged as a filter screen on a skeletal support body, which can be equipped to form the filter screen with special filter films, ie the skeletal support body, for example, with one or more filter screens, which may be for deposition in Different stages may have different sized filter openings, be equipped.
  • filter screens which may be used in particular, include slot screens or, for example, screen plates.
  • the filter screens can be advantageously provided in different ways with filter openings of different sizes.
  • the screen plates mentioned above may be punched, drilled, lasered, electron beam perforated or water jet cut, among other things, in principle, other techniques come into question.
  • the screens themselves can be made of various materials, in particular corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, composite materials or different steels such as 1.4462, 1.4539 or 2.4602 or other suitable materials.
  • the filter screens may be provided with suitable layers, for example hard chromium layers, tungsten carbide (WC), ceramic or otherwise hardened.
  • the thickness of the filter sheets is typically 0.2 mm to 5 mm, although significantly different sheet thicknesses are possible.
  • the feed device may comprise an inlet funnel for pre-acceleration of the mixture.
  • the mixture can be pre-accelerated to a predeterminable rotational speed even before it is introduced into the mixture distributor, and thus can be treated even more gently.
  • the rotational speed to which the mixture is alreadyvotedbar in the inlet hopper for example by selecting the size and / or the opening angle of the inlet hopper predetermined.
  • the inlet funnel can also be arranged so as to be rotatable independently of the mixture distributor about a separate drive axis and configured and arranged rotatable about the drive axis by means of a drive with a predeterminable rotational speed be.
  • the pre-acceleration is independent of the geometry of the inlet funnel by selecting the speed of the drive freely selectable.
  • suitable means for controlling and / or regulating can be provided, so that, for example, during operation, the speed of the drive is freely variable.
  • the quality of the solid cake can be adjusted during operation, or a different product quality can be produced, for example, by suitable control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the drive and thus of the inlet funnel to the right and left of the pusher bottom device in one and the same double pusher centrifuge.
  • the inlet funnel can also be designed as a prefilter screen for pre-separation of liquid phase from the mixture, wherein preferably collecting means are provided for collecting and discharging the liquid phase from the prefilter sieve.
  • collecting means are provided for collecting and discharging the liquid phase from the prefilter sieve.
  • both the filter screen of the acceleration surfaces and the prefilter screen can be designed as a two-stage screen with a coarse filter and a fine filter.
  • the mixture can thereby be filtered in two stages in the region of the acceleration surface and / or in the inlet funnel.
  • the first filter stage forms a coarse filter, which contains particles contained in the mixture, which are larger than the filter openings of the coarse filter.
  • the fine filter retains correspondingly finer particles, while at least a portion of the liquid phase, as well as very small particles, which must also be removed, are directly drained.
  • the design as a two-stage sieve has the particular advantage that the fine filter is mechanically not so heavily loaded by large and / or heavy particles that are contained in the incoming mixture, so that the fine filter may have, for example, very small pores for filtering very small particles and In particular, it may be made of less mechanically resistant materials.
  • the mixture distributor comprises a pre-acceleration funnel which extends substantially widening in the direction of the feed device.
  • the value of the opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the value of the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel can be, for example, between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °.
  • the value of the opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is greater than 45 °.
  • an acute angle is generally advantageous with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein an optimum value of the respective opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.
  • the pre-acceleration hopper can be configured analogously to the inlet funnel as Vorbeuggungssieb, which can be provided on the mixture manifold catcher for discharging liquid phase.
  • the inlet hopper and / or the pre-acceleration hopper may be configured as a skeletal support body, which may be provided with special filter sheets for forming the prefilter screen and / or the pre-acceleration screen, i.
  • the skeletal support body can be equipped with one or more filter screens, which may possibly have filter openings of different sizes for deposition in different stages.
  • filter screens which may be used in particular, include slot screens or, for example, screen plates.
  • the filter screens can be advantageously provided in different ways with filter openings of different sizes.
  • the aforementioned screen plates may be punched, drilled, lasered, electron beam perforated or cut water jet, inter alia
  • other techniques come into question.
  • the screens themselves can be made of various materials, in particular corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, composite materials or different steels such as 1.4462, 1.4539 or 2.4602 or other suitable materials.
  • the filter screens may be provided with suitable layers, for example hard chromium layers, tungsten carbide (WC), ceramic or otherwise hardened.
  • the thickness of the filter sheets is typically 0.2 mm to 5 mm, although significantly different sheet thicknesses are possible.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel can also be designed and arranged such that the pre-acceleration funnel can be rotated by means of a rotary drive about a rotation axis with a predeterminable speed.
  • both the inlet funnel and the pre-acceleration funnel preferably extend at a substantially constant opening angle in the direction of the push floor device or to the feed device.
  • the value of the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel may be, for example, between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °.
  • the value of the pre-acceleration angle is greater than 45 °.
  • an acute angle is generally advantageous with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein an optimum value of the corresponding pre-acceleration angle is determined inter alia by the value of the static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.
  • the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration funnel may also have a curved course in a predefinable area, the opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel increasing or decreasing can.
  • the inlet funnel has a curved course and the opening angle of the inlet funnel in the direction of the sliding floor device increases or decreases. Namely, it is known that different products under different operating conditions of the double shear centrifuge, for example, depending on the grain size and / or viscosity and / or other properties or parameters, such as the temperature of the mixture are different degrees of drainage.
  • the inlet funnel or the prefilter has a curved course, wherein the opening angle of the prefilter increases towards the sliding floor device.
  • the inlet funnel or the prefilter sieve widens in the direction of the push floor device, much like the horn of a trumpet.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel can of course also have a curved course, with the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel increasing or decreasing in the direction of the feed device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a known from the prior art double shear centrifuge according to EP 1 468 741 A1 , which has already been described in detail at the beginning and therefore need not be discussed further at this point.
  • Fig. 1 shows in section in a schematic representation of essential components of a centrifuge according to the invention in the specific example of a double-acting centrifuge, which will be referred to in its entirety by the reference numeral 1 below.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an inventive centrifuge in the embodiment of a double-feed centrifuge without product washing.
  • double feed centrifuge 1 which could in principle also be a single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge or a peeler centrifuge with an inventive feed device 1000, comprises in a conventional manner rotatable about a rotation axis 2 screen drum 3 for separating a mixture 4 in a solid cake 5 and a liquid phase 6, arranged in the screen drum 3 push floor device 8, which is arranged alternately in a first thrust direction S1 and a second thrust direction S2 along the axis of rotation 2 back and forth, so that the solid cake 5 along the axis of rotation 2 is mutually displaceable.
  • the centrifuge 1 comprises the feed device 1000 with which the mixture 4 can be introduced into a first empty space 1101 or into a second empty space 1102, which first empty space 1101 can be produced when the solid cake 5 is displaced by the push floor device 8 in the first pushing direction S1, and the second void 1102, which is in Fig. 2 or Fi6.
  • the feed device 1000 with which the mixture 4 can be introduced into a first empty space 1101 or into a second empty space 1102, which first empty space 1101 can be produced when the solid cake 5 is displaced by the push floor device 8 in the first pushing direction S1, and the second void 1102, which is in Fig. 2 or Fi6.
  • the feed device 1000 with which the mixture 4 can be introduced into a first empty space 1101 or into a second empty space 1102, which first empty space 1101 can be produced when the solid cake 5 is displaced by the push floor device 8 in the first pushing direction S1, and the second void 1102, which is in Fig. 2 or Fi6.
  • already filled with mixture 4 in displacement of the solid cake
  • the feed device 1000 comprises a feed diverter 1020 and a mixture feed 1010, so that the mixture 4 can be supplied to the first empty space 1101 or the second empty space 1102 by means of the feed diverter 1020 via the mixture feed 1010 according to a predeterminable scheme.
  • the feed device 1000 comprises an inlet pipe 1030 with inlet pipe axis EA, wherein the feed diverter 1020 comprises an inlet device 1021, 10211 provided on the inlet pipe 1030 in the form of a distribution piston 10211, with which the mixture feed 1010 can be predetermined Scheme is manipulated such that a supply of the mixture 4 in the first space 1101 or in the second space 1102 is prevented.
  • the feed diverter 1020 comprises an inlet device 1021, 10211 provided on the inlet pipe 1030 in the form of a distribution piston 10211, with which the mixture feed 1010 can be predetermined Scheme is manipulated such that a supply of the mixture 4 in the first space 1101 or in the second space 1102 is prevented.
  • the dispensing piston 10211 is controlled, for example, via the piston rod KS such that the dispensing piston 10211 releases the first supply openings 1011 when the sliding floor 8 has released the first empty space 1101 by displacement in the direction S1 and at the same time closes the second supply openings 1012.
  • the distribution piston 10211 releases the second supply openings 1012 and at the same time closes off the first supply openings 1011, so that the mixture is supplied only to the second empty space 1102.
  • an inlet disc 9, as exemplified here at the inlet pipe 1030 is provided for the controlled supply of the mixture 4 in a predetermined region of the screen drum 3 in a conventional manner.
  • the piston rod KS may be replaced for example by a chain or a cable, with which the distribution piston 10211 can be moved or that the piston rod KS replaced by a suitable pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or other effective line may be, if the corresponding drive of the metering piston is provided directly on the piston itself or elsewhere in the reversing device 1020.
  • an allocating device (1021, 10211) ie, for example, to a dispensing bushing mounted externally around the pipe or any other type of movable dispensing device, in the simplest case for example also one with respect to the first feed opening 1011 and / or the second feed opening 1012 movable Flap or a shutter can be.
  • the person skilled in the art understands the equivalent solutions and possibilities for the flexible or controlled release of the feed openings readily.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention with integrated product washing, which is very important in practice.
  • the washing device W for washing the solid cake 5 by means of a washing fluid F comprises a plurality of washing nozzles WD which are arranged on an outer washing tube WR of the feed device 1000 such that the washing fluid F is applied to the solid cake 5 by the washing nozzles WD can.
  • the feed device 1000 is configured as a double-walled pipe with the outer wash pipe WR and the inlet pipe 1030 with feed diverter 1020 arranged therein.
  • the mixture 4 is thereby supplied to the inlet pipe 1030 arranged in the interior in a manner known per se, while the washing fluid F can be supplied via a preferably controllable and / or controllable feed dosing D to a space between the outer washing pipe WR and the inner inlet pipe 1030 and from there to the washing nozzles WD of the washing device W.
  • the feed dosing D is, for example, a controllable or controllable valve, so that the washing fluid F can be supplied according to a predeterminable scheme and in a predeterminable amount to the feed device and thus can be applied to the solids cake 5.
  • washing device W can also be configured in a different manner, also in a manner known per se, or else that the washing device W can also be essentially identical to the feed device 1000 or part of the feed device 1000, so that, for example, the mixture 4 or the washing fluid F or a rinsing fluid for rinsing the interior of the drum, for example can be supplied successively or alternately via the feed device.
  • Fig. 4a - 4b show a first embodiment of a dispensing piston 10211 according to Fig. 2 respectively.
  • Fig. 3 a little more detail, where Fig. 4b shows a view of the dispensing piston 10211 from direction R1 or R2.
  • the distribution piston 10211 is essentially a hollow cylinder open on both sides, through which the piston rod KS extends axially in the middle, eg at the front and rear End is attached to the outer peripheral surface UK of the metering piston 10211 with a mounting cross BK.
  • the outer peripheral surface UK covers the first supply opening 1011, no mixture 4 can enter the sieve drum 3 through it.
  • the mixture 4 can no longer enter the screen drum 3 through the metering opening 1012 but, for example, only through the metering opening 1011 into the first empty space 1101 In this way, through the distribution piston 10211, the allocation of the mixture 4 can be alternately controlled into the first empty space 1101 and the second empty space 1102. Since the dispensing piston 10211 is open at both ends apart from the attachment cross BK, it can be moved back and forth in the axial direction without substantial mechanical resistance by the inlet pipe 1030 filled completely or partially with mixture 4.
  • Fig. 5 such as Fig. 6a to 6c are further embodiments of a Zuteilkolbens 10211 shown, which is here in each case a rotatable about the piston rod KS piston with Zuteilö réelleen 1011, 1012.
  • a rotatable dispensing piston 10211 is rotatable about the piston rod KS such that the dispensing openings 1011 and 1012 provided on the dispensing piston 10211 cooperate with corresponding dispensing openings 1011 and 1012 also provided on the dispensing tube 1030 such that mixture 4 alternately flows through either through the Allocation openings 1011 or through the metering openings 1012 in the screen drum 3 can be introduced.
  • the metering piston 10211 according to Fig. 6a differs from the according to Fig.
  • the first metering opening 1011 is offset by a predeterminable angle of rotation ⁇ in the circumferential direction against the second metering opening 1012 and the fastening cross BK in FIG Fig. 6 is arranged in the middle of the metering piston 10211, while in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 is provided at the axial ends of the metering piston 10211.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP15150688.8A 2014-02-26 2015-01-09 Centrifugeuse et procédé de chargement d'une centrifugeuse Active EP2913112B1 (fr)

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EP14156830 2014-02-26
EP15150688.8A EP2913112B1 (fr) 2014-02-26 2015-01-09 Centrifugeuse et procédé de chargement d'une centrifugeuse

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US (1) US10639647B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2913112B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015160209A (fr)
CN (1) CN104858070B (fr)
ES (1) ES2800499T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN2015DE00282A (fr)

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US20150238977A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-27 Ferrum Ag Centrifuge and method of loading a centrifuge

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CA3085969A1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2019-06-27 Xeros Limited Filtre pour appareil de traitement
CN113262886B (zh) * 2021-05-24 2022-09-16 衢州职业技术学院 一种基于桑叶精油提取纯化方法及提取用离心机
CN116748026B (zh) * 2023-08-21 2023-10-31 苏州盛天力离心机制造有限公司 应用于翻袋离心机的多功能布料系统及翻袋离心机

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US3989185A (en) * 1974-06-17 1976-11-02 Fives-Cail Babcock Centrifugal machine
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US10639647B2 (en) * 2014-02-26 2020-05-05 Ferrum Ag Centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control and method of loading a centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2913112B1 (fr) 2020-06-17
ES2800499T3 (es) 2020-12-30
JP2015160209A (ja) 2015-09-07
CN104858070B (zh) 2019-04-09
US20150238977A1 (en) 2015-08-27
CN104858070A (zh) 2015-08-26
IN2015DE00282A (fr) 2015-08-28
US10639647B2 (en) 2020-05-05

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