EP1468742B1 - Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1468742B1
EP1468742B1 EP04405165.4A EP04405165A EP1468742B1 EP 1468742 B1 EP1468742 B1 EP 1468742B1 EP 04405165 A EP04405165 A EP 04405165A EP 1468742 B1 EP1468742 B1 EP 1468742B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acceleration
stage
screen
mixture
funnel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP04405165.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1468742A1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Dr. Reinach
Roy Geiger
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Ferrum AG
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Ferrum AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/06—Arrangement of distributors or collectors in centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-stage pusher centrifuge according to the preamble of independent claim 1, and as this example GB-A-1 518 239 is known.
  • centrifuges for drying wet substances or moist substance mixtures centrifuges in various embodiments are widely used and are used in a variety of fields.
  • discontinuously operating centrifuges such as peeler centrifuges
  • continuously operating pusher centrifuges are advantageously used.
  • a solid-liquid mixture for example a suspension or a moist salt or salt mixture
  • a mixture distributor of a rapidly rotating drum which is designed as a filter, fed so that due the centrifugal forces acting the liquid phase is eliminated through the filter, while inside the drum wall, a solid cake is deposited.
  • the rotating drum in the rotating drum is a substantially disc-shaped, arranged synchronously mitrotierender sliding floor, wherein depending on the number of screening stages either the sliding floor or a screening stage in the axial direction in the drum oscillates with a certain amplitude, so that a part of the dried solid cake is pushed out at one end of the drum.
  • drum diameter up to 1000 mm and more are quite common and typical rotational frequencies of the drum, depending on the drum diameter of up to 2000 revolutions per Minute and more can be achieved. In this case usually requires a larger drum diameter because of the strong centrifugal forces occurring a smaller maximum rotational frequency of the drum.
  • the operating parameters, such as the rotational frequency of the drum, the amount of mixture supplied per unit time or the drum diameter or the type of pusher centrifuge used also depend on the material to be dried itself, the content of liquid and so on.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuges known from the prior art are generally continuous filter centrifuges.
  • the multi-stage filter centrifuge consists of an outer sieve drum and at least one screening stage arranged in the outer sieve drum, which is likewise designed as a sieve drum.
  • several screening stages can be arranged concentrically in one another, so that two, three and multi-stage pusher centrifuges can be realized, all screening stages being driven very quickly synchronously about a common axis of rotation.
  • a solid-liquid mixture to be separated passes continuously through a stationary inlet pipe into a mixture distributor arranged in the innermost screening stage, which also co-rotates synchronously, and is uniformly distributed over its entire screen circumference at the innermost screening stage.
  • the innermost stage which is also referred to as the first stage, carries out an oscillation movement in the direction of the axis of rotation in addition to the rotation movement about the axis of rotation.
  • This oscillatory movement is generated, for example, hydraulically via a thrust piston with Um Kunststoffmechanismus.
  • the solids cake is pushed in ring sections, corresponding to the stroke length of the oscillation, from the first to the second stage and finally leaves the pusher centrifuge via an outlet opening.
  • the solid cake in the sieve drum is washed continuously with the addition of washing liquid on the solid cake.
  • a known two-stage pusher centrifuge which operates according to the previously described principle, is for example in the DT 25 42 916 A1 described in detail.
  • the first stage ie the innermost screening stage
  • the outer screening drum serves primarily as a drying stage.
  • multistage pusher centrifuges achieve a significantly increased liquid swallowing capacity, so that mixtures with lower inlet concentrations, ie with a higher liquid content, can be processed.
  • multistage pusher centrifuges have long been well known, as briefly outlined above, also for special applications in a wide variety of design variants, the known multistage pusher centrifuges nevertheless have different designs serious disadvantages.
  • the inlet concentration of the mixture to be processed must not be arbitrarily small. That is, if the proportion of liquid in the mixture is too high, for example, 50% or 70% or 80% or even more than 90% liquid phase, the mixture must be pre-thickened in more or less expensive processes.
  • the centrifuges known from the prior art sometimes show massive disadvantages.
  • the mixture introduced into the mixture distributor through the inlet pipe is accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the drum in the shortest time when it strikes the screening drum.
  • this can lead to grain breakage lead, that is, that, for example, solid grains, which are distributed in a centrifuge supplied to the suspension burst in an uncontrolled manner in the abrupt acceleration process into smaller pieces, which may have a negative impact on the quality of the produced solid cake, for example, if the particle size of the grains in the End product plays a role.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose an improved multi-stage pusher centrifuge, which largely avoids the disadvantages known from the prior art.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge comprises an outer screen drum rotatable about a rotation axis and at least one screening stage arranged in the outer screen drum, a mixing distributor arranged in the screen drum with a pusher bottom device, wherein either the screening step or the pusher bottom device is arranged to be movable back and forth along the rotation axis that the solids cake is displaceable by means of the pusher bottom device.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge further comprises a feed device with which the mixture can be introduced via the mixture distributor into an empty space which arises when the solids cake is displaced by the pusher bottom device, wherein the pusher bottom device comprises a pre-acceleration funnel which extends essentially widening in the direction of the feed device and the Pre-acceleration funnel is designed as Vorbevantungssieb and the pre-acceleration funnel has a curved course and increases the pre-acceleration angle of the Vorbevantungstrichters towards the feed device out.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge according to the invention has a pre-acceleration screen arranged on the pusher bottom device, it is not necessary the entire amount of liquid phase contained in the feed mixture is accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the screen drum since a portion of the liquid phase is already deposited over the pre-acceleration screen and removable from the screen drum. Thus, mixtures with a very high liquid content are easily processed. In particular, a uniform distribution of the mixture to be dried over the peripheral surface of the screening stage or the screening drum is thus always guaranteed even with a high liquid content.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel designed as a pre-acceleration screen prevents a mixture introduced into the mixture distributor by the feed device from reaching the inner circumferential surface of the screening stage directly, essentially only under the influence of gravity and without pre-acceleration. Rather, the incoming mixture is accelerated slowed down to the peripheral speed of the screen drum, whereby in particular grain breakage and other harmful influences, such as occur during abrupt acceleration in the known from the prior art multi-stage pusher centrifuges, can be prevented.
  • a bursting of Feststoffkömer contained in the mixture can be avoided, because the acceleration process over the predeterminable Vorbeschreibungswinkel the Vorbevantungstrichters is controllable, i.
  • the acceleration itself is adjustable by a suitable choice of the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel.
  • the quality of the solid cake produced in particular in products in which, for example, the particle size or the shape of the grains in the end product play a role, can be significantly increased.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge according to the invention serves to separate a mixture into a solids cake and into a liquid phase and, as essential components, comprises one about an axis of rotation over a drum axis rotatable outer screen drum, which is housed in a housing.
  • the drum axis is in operative connection with a Trömmefantrieb, so that the screen drum is set by the drum drive in rapid rotation about the axis of rotation.
  • Within the outer screening drum at least one screening stage is arranged.
  • a mixture distributor with a pusher bottom device is provided in the screen drum, wherein either the screening stage or the pusher bottom device along the axis of rotation is arranged back and forth, so that the solid cake is displaceable by means of the pusher bottom device.
  • Both the outer screen drum and the screening stage in this case have screen openings through which liquid phase from the solid cake or from a mixture which can be applied to an inner peripheral surface of the screening stage, by the centrifugal forces occurring in the known manner can be discharged to the outside.
  • the screen drum and / or the screen stage be configured in a conventional manner as a skeletal support drum, which is lined to form the corresponding screen surfaces with special filter films on its periphery, ie the skeletal support drum can, for example be configured one or more filter screens with different or equal sized filter openings for the deposition of the liquid phase.
  • the mixture distributor is arranged with the pusher bottom device, which allows continuously fed through the feed device mixture to distribute to the inner peripheral surface of the screening stage by introducing into the void, which has arisen when moving the solids cake.
  • the pusher bottom device comprises a pre-acceleration funnel, which according to the invention is designed as a pre-acceleration screen, wherein the pre-acceleration screen extends substantially widening in the direction of the feed device.
  • a peripheral region of the Vorbestructungstrichters is designed as an annular region that is displaceable with the annular region of the deposited in the screening stage solid cake by an oscillation of the pusher bottom device or the screening stage in the screen drum or in another screening stage.
  • the mixture distributor is preferably coupled in a manner known per se by fastening means with the sieve drum and therefore rotates in a special embodiment synchronously with the sieve drum and the screening stage about the common axis of rotation.
  • the oscillatory movement executes either the screening stage itself or the moving floor device.
  • the drive of the oscillatory movement is preferably carried out via a push rod, wherein in a first half period of the oscillatory movement with the outer ring portion of the deposited on the screening stage solid cake in ring sections whose width is determined by the stroke length of the oscillation, from the screening stage to the screen drum or a further screening stage is pushed, and in a second half-period of the oscillatory movement a deposited on the outer edge of the drum screen ring section of solid cake is pushed out of the screen drum.
  • a void is simultaneously created at the outer ring area in the screening stage, so that new mixture can be introduced into the void space.
  • part of the liquid phase can already be separated from the mixture in the pre-acceleration screen and the mixture can be pre-accelerated to a predefinable rotational speed in the pre-acceleration screen, so that the mixture introduced by the feed device reaches a peripheral surface of the screening stage specifiable peripheral speed can be accelerated.
  • the entire amount of liquid phase contained in the mixture must be accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the drum, so that mixtures with very high liquid content can be processed easily.
  • additional facilities for pre-dewatering such as static thickeners, curved screens or hydrocyclones are superfluous.
  • the pre-acceleration hopper has an opening angle with respect to the axis of rotation which is smaller than 90 °, in Vorbe instructungstrichter the flow rate of the mixture in comparison to the speed in free fall toward the peripheral surface of the screening stage selectively adjustable so that the mixture in the region of the Vorbe instructungstrichters with increasing approach to the outer ring portion in both the radial direction, and in the circumferential direction of the screen drum is gradable gradually , That is, the mixture is accelerated in the region of the pre-acceleration funnel in a particularly gentle manner gradually to a predeterminable peripheral speed in order then finally reach the full rotational speed of the screening stage when reaching the peripheral surface.
  • both an inlet funnel the function of which will be explained in detail below
  • the pre-acceleration funnel preferably extend in a predeterminable range at a substantially constant opening angle or at a constant pre-acceleration angle in the direction of the push floor device or the feed device ,
  • the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration funnel may also have a curved course over a predefinable range, the opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel being in the direction of Moving bottom device down.
  • the inlet funnel or the pre-acceleration funnel is designed as a prefilter sieve or as a pre-acceleration sieve for pre-separation of liquid phase.
  • the pre-acceleration screen is designed as a two-stage filter with a coarse filter and a fine filter.
  • the mixture can thereby be filtered in the region of the pre-acceleration screen in two stages.
  • the design of the Vorbeschreibungssiebs as a two-stage filter has the particular advantage that the fine filter is mechanically not so heavily loaded by large and / or heavy particles contained in the incoming mixture, so that the fine filter, for example, very small pores for filtering may have very small particles and in particular may also be made of mechanically less resistant materials.
  • a collecting device for discharging liquid phase is provided on the mixture distributor, so that part of the liquid phase can be removed even before reaching the enormously fast rotating peripheral surface of the screening stage. This part of the liquid phase is then no longer accelerated to the full circumferential speed of the screening stage, resulting in a massive saving of energy and to relieve the components, in particular the rotating and / or oscillating components of the multi-stage pusher centrifuge. As a result, even mixtures with enormously high liquid content are easily processed.
  • the pre-acceleration screen is configured and arranged such that the pre-acceleration screen can be rotated by means of a rotary drive about an axis of rotation with a predeterminable rotational speed, independent of the rotational speed of the screen drum.
  • suitable means may be provided, for example in the form of computer-aided electronic systems to control the rotary drive, for example, depending on suitable operating parameters of the multi-stage pusher centrifuge, and / or to regulate.
  • an inlet funnel for pre-acceleration of the incoming mixture is additionally provided in the feed device.
  • the mixture first passes through the feed device into an inlet funnel, which in one exemplary embodiment is preferably, but not necessarily, non-rotatably connected to the mixture distributor, so that the inlet funnel rotates synchronously with the mixture distributor.
  • the inlet funnel extends in a substantially axial direction widening towards the pre-acceleration screen, so that the mixture supplied by the feed device passes directly into the inlet funnel.
  • the inlet funnel is designed and arranged so that the mixture can be fed into the pre-acceleration screen when leaving the inlet funnel.
  • the mixture is pre-accelerated already in the inlet funnel to a predetermined rotational speed, so that the mixture already has a certain speed in the circumferential direction of the screening stage on arrival in Vorbeuggungssieb and so overall even more gentle on the maximum peripheral speed of the peripheral surface of the screening stage accelerated is.
  • the inlet funnel can also be designed as a prefilter screen for pre-separation of liquid phase from the mixture.
  • collecting agents are preferably provided for the collection and discharge of separated from the prefilter liquid phase.
  • a value of an opening angle of the inlet funnel and / or the value of a pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel with respect to the axis of rotation may for example be between 0 ° and 45 °, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °.
  • the value of the opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is greater than 45 °.
  • an acute angle is generally advantageous with respect to the axis of rotation, wherein an optimum value of the respective opening angle and / or the pre-acceleration angle is determined inter alia by the value of a static friction angle of the product to be dehydrated.
  • the inlet funnel has a curved course and the opening angle of the inlet funnel in the direction of the sliding floor device increases or decreases. Namely, it is known that different products under different operating conditions of the pusher centrifuge, for example, depending on the Komgrösse and / or the viscosity and / or other properties or parameters, such as the temperature of the mixture are different degrees of drainage.
  • the inlet funnel or the prefilter has a curved course, wherein the opening angle of the prefilter increases towards the sliding floor device.
  • the inlet funnel or the prefilter sieve widens in the direction of the push floor device, much like the horn of a trumpet.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel can of course also have a curved course, with the pre-acceleration angle of the pre-acceleration funnel increasing or decreasing in the direction of the feed device.
  • the prefilter sieve can of course also be designed as a two-stage sieve with a coarse sieve and a fine sieve.
  • the advantages are apparent.
  • the first filter stage forms the coarse screen, which contains particles contained in the mixture which are larger than the filter openings of the coarse screen.
  • the fine sieve retains correspondingly finer particles, while at least a portion of the liquid phase, as well as very small particles, which must also be removed, are directly drained from the screening stage.
  • the design of the prefilter sieve as a two-stage sieve has the particular advantage that the fine sieve is not so heavily mechanically loaded by large and / or heavy particles contained in the incoming mixture, so that the fine filter, for example, very small pores for filtering very small particles and in particular may also be made of mechanically less resistant materials.
  • the inlet funnel and / or the pre-acceleration funnel can be designed as a skeletal support body which can be provided with special filter foils for forming the prefilter sieve and / or the pre-acceleration sieve, i.
  • the skeletal support body can be equipped with one or more filter screens, which may possibly have filter openings of different sizes for deposition in different stages.
  • filter screens which may be used in particular, include slot screens or, for example, screen plates.
  • the filter screens can be advantageously provided in different ways with filter openings of different sizes.
  • the screen plates mentioned above may be punched, drilled, lasered, electron beam perforated or water jet cut, among other things, in principle, other techniques come into question.
  • the screens themselves can be made of various materials, in particular corrosion-resistant materials, such as plastics, composite materials or different steels such as 1.4462, 1.4539 or 2.4602 or other suitable materials.
  • the filter screens may be provided with suitable layers, for example hard chromium layers, tungsten carbide (WC), ceramic or otherwise hardened.
  • the strength of the filter sheets is typically 0.2 mm to 5 mm, although significantly different sheet thicknesses are possible.
  • the inlet funnel can be arranged rotatably about a drive axis and be rotatable about the drive axis by means of a drive with a predeterminable speed.
  • the latter is non-rotatably connected, for example, to a separate drive axle and can be driven via the drive axle by means of a drive independently of the sieve drum and / or independently of the pre-acceleration sieve with a predefinable rotational frequency.
  • suitable means may be provided to control the drive, for example, depending on the mixture to be processed, certain Radiometem the multi-stage pusher, etc. and / or to regulate.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge according to the invention can also comprise corresponding sensors for measuring relevant operating parameters.
  • Fig. 1 shows in section in a schematic representation essential components of a first embodiment of an inventive multi-stage pusher centrifuge with pre-acceleration.
  • Fig. 1 shows in section in a schematic representation essential components of a first embodiment of an inventive multi-stage pusher centrifuge with pre-acceleration.
  • two-stage pusher centrifuges shown schematically. It is understood that the representation of two-stage pusher centrifuges is to be understood as an example and the description of course also applies to more than two-stage pusher centrifuges in an analogous manner and is correspondingly transferable.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuge according to the invention serves to separate a mixture 2 into a solids cake 3 and into a liquid phase 4 and comprises as essential components a peripheral sieve drum 6 rotatable about a rotation axis 5 via a drum axis 51. which is housed in a housing G.
  • the drum axis 51 is in operative connection with a drum drive 52, so that the drum 6 can be displaced by the drum drive 52 into rapid rotation about the axis of rotation 5.
  • Within the outer screen drum 6 at least one screening stage 7 is arranged.
  • a mixture distributor 8 with a pusher bottom device 9 is provided in the screening drum 6, wherein either the screening stage 7 or the pusher bottom device 9 is arranged back and forth along the rotation axis 5, so that the solid cake 3 is displaceable by means of the pusher bottom device 9.
  • Both the outer screen drum 6 and the screening stage 7 in this case have screen openings 61, 71, through which in a known manner with rapid rotation liquid phase 4 from the Festoffkuchen 3 or from a mixture 2, which, as described in more detail below, on an inner peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 can be applied, can be discharged by the centrifugal forces occurring to the outside.
  • the mixture distributor 8 is arranged with pusher bottom device 9, which allows continuously fed through the feed device 10 mixture 2 on the inner peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 by introducing into a void 11, which is formed when moving the solid cake 3, too to distribute.
  • the push floor device 9 comprises a pre-acceleration funnel 12 which is designed as a pre-acceleration screen 12, wherein the pre-acceleration screen 12 extends in a substantially conically widening direction in the direction of the feed device 10.
  • Vorbeuggungstrichters 12 At a peripheral region of the Vorbevantungstrichters 12 is formed as an annular region 92, that with the annular region 92 of the deposited in the screening stage 7 solid cake 3 by an oscillation of the pusher bottom device 9 and / or the screening stage 7, which is described in more detail below, can be displaced into the screening drum 6 or into a further screening stage 7 (not shown here).
  • part of the liquid phase 4 in the pre-acceleration screen 12 can already be separated from the mixture 2 and the mixture 2 can be pre-accelerated in the pre-acceleration screen 12 to a predefinable rotational speed.
  • the mixture distributor 8 is in the in Fig. 1 shown embodiment with the sieve drum 6 rigidly coupled by fastening means 91 and therefore rotates synchronously with the screen drum 6 and the screen stage 7 about the axis of rotation 5.
  • the oscillatory motion by the double arrow in Fig. 1 In the example shown here, however, only the screening stage 7 is performed.
  • the oscillatory movement of the screening stage 7 preferably takes place via a push rod 21, wherein in a first half period of the oscillatory movement with an outer ring portion 92 of the deposited on the screening stage 7 solid cake 3 in ring sections whose width is determined by the stroke length of the oscillatory movement of the screening stage 7, is pushed from the screening stage 7 to the screening drum 6, and in a second half-period of the oscillatory movement through the screening stage 7, a ring section of solid cake 3 deposited on the outer edge of the screening drum 6 is pushed out of the screening drum 6.
  • the empty space 11 is simultaneously formed in the screening stage 7, so that new mixture can be introduced into the empty space 11.
  • part of the liquid phase 4 in the pre-acceleration funnel 12 can already be separated from the mixture 2 and the mixture 2 can be pre-accelerated to a predeterminable rotational speed in the pre-acceleration funnel 12, such that the mixture introduced by the feed device 10 2 before reaching the screening stage 7 can be accelerated to a predetermined peripheral speed.
  • This must be done on the one hand not the entire amount of liquid phase 4, which is contained in the mixture 2, are accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the screen drum 6, since part of the liquid phase 4 is already deposited on the Vorbeuggungssieb 12 and directly from the sieve openings 61, 71 of sieve drum 6 is.
  • mixtures 2 with a very high content of liquid phase 4 are easily processable.
  • a uniform distribution of the mixture 2 to be dried over the peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 or the screening drum 6 is always ensured even with a high content of liquid phase 4.
  • 2 additional devices for predewatering such as, for example, static thickeners, curved sieves or hydrocyclones, are superfluous. Even the smallest of the particles contained in the mixture 2 can be separated much more effectively from the solid cake 3 by the effect of prefiltration.
  • the Vorbe instructungssieb 12 has a pre-acceleration angle ⁇ , which is smaller than 90 °, the Vorbe instructungssieb 12, the flow rate of the mixture 2 in comparison to the speed in free fall toward the peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 selectively adjustable, so that the mixture 2 in the region of the Vorbe instructters 12 with increasing approach to the outer ring portion 92 in both the radial direction and in the circumferential direction of the screen drum 6 is gradually graded. That is, the mixture 2 is accelerated in the region of the Vorbe instructungssiebs 12 in a particularly gentle manner gradually to a predetermined peripheral speed, and then on reaching the peripheral surface 72 finally reach the full rotational speed of the screening stage 7.
  • ⁇ which is smaller than 90 °
  • the value of the pre-acceleration angle ⁇ of the pre-acceleration funnel 12, as well as the value of an opening angle ⁇ of an inlet funnel 16 to be described later, can be, for example, between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the axis of rotation 5, in particular between 0 ° and 10 ° or between 10 ° and 45 °, in particular between 25 ° and 45 °, preferably between 15 ° and 35 °.
  • the value of the opening angle ⁇ and / or the pre-acceleration angle ⁇ is greater than 45 °.
  • the mixture 2 unlike the multistage pusher centrifuges known from the prior art, does not abruptly rise in the area of the pre-fuming screen 12, i. In the shortest time to the full rotational speed of the screening stage 7 is accelerated, for example, grain breakage and other harmful effects on the mixture 2 can be prevented.
  • the novel multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1 in particular also mechanically very sensitive substances, even at high rotational speeds of the screening drum 6 can be processed.
  • Fig. 2 is a further embodiment according to Fig. 1 shown, wherein the pre-acceleration screen 12 is configured as a two-stage filter with a coarse filter 121 and a fine filter 122.
  • the mixture 2 can thereby be filtered in the region of the Vorbevantungssiebs 12 in two stages.
  • the first filter stage forms the coarse filter 121, which contained in the mixture particles that are greater than the filter openings of the coarse filter 121 holds back, which are so introduced into the void 11.
  • the fine filter 122 holds correspondingly finer particles back, which are also the empty space 11 and thus the solid cake 3 are fed, while at least a portion of the liquid phase 4, and very small particles that must also be removed directly through a sieve opening 61, 71 from the Screen drum 6 are discharged.
  • the embodiment of the pre-acceleration screen 12 as a two-stage filter has the particular advantage that the fine filter 122 is not so heavily mechanically loaded by large and / or heavy particles that may be contained in the incoming mixture 2, so that the fine filter 122, for example, very small pores for Filtering can have very small particles and in particular can also be made of mechanically less resistant materials.
  • a collecting device 13 for discharging liquid phase 4 is provided on the mixture manifold 8, so that a part of the liquid phase 4 is already removable before reaching the very fast circumferential surface 72 of the screening stage 7 from the screening stage 7.
  • This part of the liquid phase 4 is no longer accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the screen stage 7, resulting in a massive saving of energy and to relieve the components, in particular the rotating and / or oscillating components of the multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1.
  • even mixtures 2 can be processed with an enormously high proportion of liquid phase 4. It is understood that even in the Fig.
  • the Vorbe instructungssieb 12 may be formed as a two-stage filter and deposited on Vorbevantungssieb 12 liquid phase 4 can also be discharged according to the illustration to the right through the open side of the screen drum 6, for example, the catcher 13 over the outer ring area as shown to the right in the screening stage 7 extends, from where the liquid phase 4 deposited on the pre-acceleration screen 12 into the collecting device 13, for example, by suitable, in Fig. 3 not shown devices is sucked.
  • Fig. 4 a variant embodiment of an inventive multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1 with separately drivable Vorbevantungssieb 12 is shown.
  • the Vorbeatungssieb 12 is here designed and arranged so that the Vorbeatungssieb 12 is rotatable by means of a rotary drive 14 about an axis of rotation 15 with a predetermined speed.
  • the rotation axis 15, as in Fig. 4 shown by way of example are arranged within the push rod 21 and are driven independently of this by the rotary drive 14.
  • rotary actuator 14 For controlling and / or regulating the rotational speed of the rotary drive 14 suitable, not shown here means may be provided to control the rotary actuator 14, for example, depending on suitable operating parameters of the multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1 or depending on the mixture to be processed or other factors and / or to regulate.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel 12 that is to say the pre-acceleration screen 12
  • the pre-acceleration funnel 12 can rotate, for example, in a direction of the oscillation movement at a different rotational speed than in the case of FIG opposite oscillation movement.
  • the rotational frequency of the pre-acceleration hopper 12 can be selected so that the pre-acceleration hopper 12 rotates synchronously with the outer screen drum 6, so that between the outer ring region 92 and the solids cake 3, which is deposited on the peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 is, when moving no realtivmony with respect to the rotation of the Dreachse 5 is present, while the return, ie in the phase of the Osillationsmother in which the empty space 11 is charged with new mixture 2, the Vorbeuggungstrichter 12, for example, slower than the outer rotating drum rotates 6 or Slower the screening stage 7.
  • FIG. 5 schematically another embodiment of an inventive multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1 is shown.
  • an inlet funnel 16 for pre-acceleration of the mixture 2 is provided in the feed device 10.
  • the mixture 2 passes through the feed device 10 first into the inlet funnel 16, which is non-rotatably connected to the mixture manifold 8, so that the inlet funnel 16 rotates synchronously with the mixture manifold 8.
  • the inlet funnel 16 extends in a substantially axial direction and conically widening towards the pre-acceleration screen 12, so that the mixture 2 supplied by the feed device 10 passes directly into the inlet funnel 16.
  • the inlet funnel 16 is formed and arranged so that the mixture 2 when leaving the inlet funnel 16 can be fed into the pre-acceleration screen 12.
  • the inlet funnel 16 extends in the direction of the Vorbevantungssieb 12 out substantially conically widening and the inlet funnel 16 rotates synchronously, the mixture 2 is already pre-accelerated in the inlet funnel 16 to a predetermined rotational speed, so that the mixture 2 on arrival in Vorbevantungssieb 12 already has a certain speed in the circumferential direction of the screening stage 7 and so overall even more gentle on the maximum peripheral speed of the peripheral surface 72 of the screening stage 7 can be accelerated.
  • Fig. 5a and 5b is exemplary and schematically each an embodiment of a Vorbevantungstrichters 12 shown.
  • a pre-acceleration funnel 12 is shown in both figures for illustration.
  • the reference numerals 12, 16 and 17 in Fig. 2b imply that refers to in Fig. 2b
  • Fig. 5a shows a Vorbeuggungstrichter 12 with outer ring portion 92 for moving a Festoffkuchens 3.
  • the outer ring portion 92 has a predetermined height a, depending on the mixture to be processed 2 and / or the operating conditions under which the inventive pusher centrifuge 1 is operated, about 1 % to 40% of the drum radius r, preferably about 5% to 10%, in particular 5% to 20% of the drum radius r.
  • the funnel 12, 16, 17 may be formed as a multi-stage funnel 12, 16, 17, wherein the funnel 12, 16, 17 for pre-acceleration of the mixture 2 may have a plurality of different angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 to each other inclined partial surfaces , wherein the relative size of the partial surface and their inclination angle ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 may depend, for example, on the mixture 2 to be processed or on the operating parameters of the pusher centrifuge 1.
  • both the inlet funnel 16, and the pre-acceleration funnel 12 according to Fig. 5b be designed as a multi-stage funnel.
  • the inlet funnel 16 has a curved course and the opening angle ⁇ of the inlet funnel 16 as in the Fig. 5c and 5d shown schematically, enlarged or reduced in the direction of the sliding bottom device 9 out.
  • the pusher centrifuge 1 for example, depending on the grain size and or the viscosity and / or other properties or parameters, such as the temperature of the mixture 2, are different degrees of drainage.
  • the inlet funnel 16 or the prefilter 17 has a curved course, wherein the opening angle ⁇ of the prefilter 17 in the direction of the sliding floor device. 9 enlarged.
  • Such a special embodiment of an inlet funnel 16 is in Fig. 5c shown schematically. That is, the inlet funnel 16 or the prefilter sieve 17 widens in the direction of the push floor device 9 similar to the horn of a trumpet.
  • the output force with which the mixture 2 is accelerated from the inlet funnel 16, disproportionately larger with decreasing distance to the sliding bottom device 9, so that the mixture 2, which is already relatively strong in the prefilter 17 and thus poor sliding properties in the prefilter 17 shows can leave the vofilter 17 faster than, for example, at a substantially conical, with a constant opening angle ⁇ expanding prefilter 17th
  • mixtures 2 may be present which are relatively difficult to dewater given operating parameters.
  • Vorfiltersieb 17 a certain storage effect, so that the mixture 2 remains longer in the prefilter 17 and therefore already in the prefilter 17 is dewatered to a higher degree.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel 12 or the pre-acceleration screen 12 can of course also have a curved course, the pre-acceleration angle ⁇ of the pre-acceleration funnel 12 increasing or decreasing in the direction of the feed device 10.
  • the inlet funnel 16, as in Fig. 6 represented as a prefilter 17 for the pre-separation of liquid phase 4 may be formed from the mixture 2.
  • collecting means 18 are preferably provided for collecting and discharging liquid phase 4 separated by prefilter sieve 17.
  • the liquid phase 4 for example, through openings in the moving bottom device 9 in a separated from the solid cake 3 portion of the screening stage 7 and then discharged through the screen openings 61, 71 from the screen drum 6, or the liquid phase 4 can analogously to the in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment are discharged directly from the screen drum, so that this part of the liquid phase is no longer accelerated to the peripheral speed of the screening stage 7 and the screening drum 6.
  • the inlet funnel 16 is configured as a prefilter 17 and arranged by means of one or more mounting posts 22 on the screen drum 6.
  • the mounting posts 22 are preferably formed in the form of suitably shaped spokes 22, thin rods 22 or tubes 22, so that in the operating state of the solid cake 3 is easily removed from the screening stage 7 or from the screening drum 6.
  • at least one of the mounting brackets 22 is formed and arranged on an outer edge of the screen drum 6, that collected in the collecting means 18 liquid phase 4 through the mounting bracket 22 in a screen opening 61 of the screen drum 6 is conveyed and separable through the screen opening 61 from the screen drum 6 is.
  • openings for discharging liquid phase 4 can also be provided on the mounting support 22 itself at a suitable location.
  • Vorfiltersieb 17 may be arranged by means of one or more mounting brackets 22 at a screening stage 7 or even at several screening stages 7 or at a screening stage 7 and the screen drum 6, wherein the corresponding drums preferably perform no oscillatory relative movement against each other.
  • the pre-acceleration funnel 12, ie the pre-acceleration screen 12 can rotate, for example, in one direction of the oscillatory movement of the screening stage 7 at a different rotational speed than in the opposite oscillation movement of the screening stage 7.
  • the rotational frequency 12 of the pre-acceleration funnel 12 are selected such that the pre-acceleration funnel 12 rotates synchronously with the screening stage 7 so that there is no relative movement with respect to the rotation about the axis of rotation between the outer ring area 92 and the solids cake 3 deposited on the peripheral surface of the screening stage 7 5 is present, while the return, so in the phase of the Osillationsmother in which the empty space 11 is charged with new mixture 2, the pre-acceleration hopper 12, for example, slower than the screening stage. 7
  • Fig. 6b is finally an embodiment according to Fig. 6a with a blind bottom 911 shown schematically, the pre-acceleration screen 12 is not shown for clarity as a two-stage screen.
  • both the pre-acceleration screen 12 and the prefilter screen 17 can be designed as single, double or multi-stage screen.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 6b has an outer ring portion 92 designed as a blind bottom 911, which rotates synchronously with the outer screen drum 6, but is decoupled from the Vorbevantungsstrichter 12 with respect to the rotational movement, so that the Vorbevantungsstrichter 12, so the Vorbevantungssieb 12 at a different speed than the blind bottom 911 to the Rotary axis 5 is rotatable.
  • This can, as in Fig.
  • the blind base 911 via at least one attachment strut 912 rotatably connected to the outer screen drum 6, wherein the fastening strut 912 is guided through a suitably placed opening 70 in the screening stage 7, so that the fastening strut 912 is decoupled from the oscillatory movement of the screening stage 7 ,
  • the embodiment gemäs Fig. 6b also applicable to higher-level than two-stage pusher centrifuges 1 analog.
  • the Vorbeuggungstrichter 12 is completely independent of the speed of the outer screen drum 6 with a tunable to the processed mixture 2 rotation frequency driven and on the other hand rotates the blind bottom 911, which transports the solid cake 3 in the axial direction at the same speed as the screen drum 6 and the screening stage 7, so that between the blind bottom 911 and screening stage 7 with respect to the rotation about the rotation axis 5, no relative movement takes place.
  • the rotational speed can be variable, for example as a function of a current operating state of the pusher centrifuge 1, as already described above.
  • the prefilter sieve 17 can of course also be configured as a two-stage sieve with a coarse sieve 171 and a fine sieve 172.
  • the first filter stage forms the coarse sieve 171, which contains particles contained in the mixture 2 which are larger than the filter openings of the coarse sieve 171.
  • the fine sieve 172 retains correspondingly finer particles, while at least part of the liquid phase 4, as well as very small particles, which also have to be removed, are directly dischargeable from the screening stage 7.
  • the design of the prefilter sieve 17 as a two-stage sieve has the particular advantage that the fine sieve 172 is mechanically not so heavily loaded by large and / or heavy particles which may be contained in the incoming mixture 2, so that the fine sieve 172, for example, has very small pores Filtering can have very small particles and in particular can also be made of mechanically less resistant materials.
  • the inlet funnel 16 is mechanically decoupled from the mixture manifold 8.
  • this is rotatably connected to a separate drive shaft 19 and via the drive shaft 19 by means of a drive 20 regardless of the screen drum 6 with a predetermined Rotational frequency drivable.
  • suitable, not shown, means may be provided to control the drive 20, for example, depending on suitable operating parameters of the multi-stage pusher centrifuge 1 and / or to regulate.
  • the introduced mixture can be pre-accelerated to a predeterminable peripheral speed by the pre-acceleration screen arranged on the pusher bottom device, so that the mixture does not fall from a circumferential speed close to zero to the full peripheral speed of the inner screening stage in a very short time when hitting the screen drum is accelerated.
  • grain breakage is avoidable, so that in particular substances which are particularly sensitive to abrupt changes in a centrifugal acceleration, are processed in compliance with the highest quality standards.
  • in particular also particularly lower inlet concentrations can be processed, for example, corresponding to 50% or 70% or 80% or even more than 90% proportion of liquid phase, since a significant portion of the liquid phase contained in the mixture already separated in Vorbeuggungssieb becomes.
  • Vorfiltersiebs it is possible to process mixtures with almost any large liquid content, without the mixture must be pre-thickened in complex procedures. So even with high liquid content is always guaranteed that a uniform distribution of the mixture to be dried on the inner peripheral surface of the inner screening stage or the screen drum takes place.
  • problems in washing the solid cake by the uneven distribution over the peripheral surface of the screen drum largely avoided.
  • the use of both process engineering and equipment very expensive pre-dewatering systems is also avoided, which of course leads to significant cost savings in operation.

Claims (14)

  1. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages pour la séparation d'un mélange (2) en un gâteau de matière solide (3) et une phase liquide (4), comprenant un tambour de tamisage externe (6) rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation (5) et au moins un étage de tamisage (7) disposé dans le tambour de tamisage externe (6), un répartiteur de mélange (8) disposé dans le tambour de tamisage (6), avec un dispositif à fond coulissant (9), l'étage de tamisage (7) ou le dispositif à fond coulissant (9) étant disposé de manière mobile avec un mouvement de va-et-vient le long de l'axe de rotation (5), de façon à ce que le gâteau de matière solide (3) puisse être coulissé au moyen du dispositif à fond coulissant (2), et avec un dispositif d'alimentation (10), avec lequel le mélange (2) peut être introduit, par l'intermédiaire du répartiteur de mélange (8), dans un espace vide (11), qui est créé lors du coulissement du gâteau de matière solide (3) par le dispositif à fond coulissant (9), le dispositif à fond coulissant (9) comprenant un entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) qui s'étend globalement en s'élargissant en direction du dispositif d'alimentation (10), caractérisé en ce que l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) est conçu comme un tamis de pré-accélération (12) et l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) présente une forme incurvée et l'angle de pré-accélération (β) de l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) s'agrandit en direction du dispositif d'alimentation (10).
  2. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon la revendication 1, l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) s'élargissant de manière conique avec un angle de pré-accélération (β) globalement constant en direction du dispositif d'alimentation (10).
  3. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) présentant une forme incurvée et l'angle de pré-accélération (β) de l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) se rétrécissant en direction du dispositif d'alimentation (10).
  4. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le tamis de pré-accélération (12) étant conçu comme un filtre à deux étages avec un filtre grossier (121) et un filtre fin (122).
  5. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, un dispositif de collecte (13) étant prévu sur le répartiteur de mélange (8) pour l'évacuation de la phase liquide (4).
  6. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, une valeur de l'angle de pré-accélération (β) du tamis de pré-accélération (12) étant, par rapport à l'axe de rotation (5), entre 0° et 45°, plus spécifiquement entre 0° et 10° ou entre 10° et 45°, plus particulièrement entre 25° et 45°, de préférence entre 15° et 35°.
  7. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir de pré-accélération (12) étant conçu et disposé de façon à ce que le tamis de pré-accélération (12) puisse tourner, grâce à un entraînement de rotation (14), autour d'un axe de rotation (15), avec une vitesse de rotation pouvant être prédéterminée.
  8. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le dispositif d'alimentation (10) comprenant un entonnoir d'entrée (16) qui s'étend, en s'élargissant de manière conique avec un angle d'ouverture (α) globalement constant, en direction du dispositif à fond coulissant (9).
  9. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) présentant une forme incurvée et l'angle d'ouverture (α) de l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) s'agrandissant en direction du dispositif à fond coulissant (9).
  10. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) présentant une forme incurvée et l'angle d'ouverture (α) de l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) se rétrécissant en direction du dispositif à fond coulissant (9).
  11. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) étant conçu comme un tamis pré-filtrage (17) pour la pré-séparation de la phase liquide (4) du mélange (2).
  12. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, le tamis de pré-filtrage (17) étant conçu comme un tamis à deux étages avec un tamis grossier (171) et un tamis fin (172).
  13. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle des moyens de collecte (18) sont prévus pour la collecte et l'évacuation de la phase liquide (4) hors du tamis de pré-filtrage (17).
  14. Centrifugeuse à poussée à plusieurs étages selon l'une des revendications précédentes, l'entonnoir d'entrée (16) étant disposé de manière rotative autour d'un axe d'entraînement (19) et pouvant tourner, grâce à un entraînement (20), avec une vitesse de rotation pouvant être prédéterminée autour de l'axe d'entraînement (19).
EP04405165.4A 2003-04-16 2004-03-18 Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages Expired - Lifetime EP1468742B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04405165.4A EP1468742B1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-03-18 Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03405273 2003-04-16
EP03405273 2003-04-16
EP04405165.4A EP1468742B1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-03-18 Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages

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EP1468742A1 EP1468742A1 (fr) 2004-10-20
EP1468742B1 true EP1468742B1 (fr) 2016-11-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10639647B2 (en) * 2014-02-26 2020-05-05 Ferrum Ag Centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control and method of loading a centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012101787A1 (de) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Andritz Kmpt Gmbh Schubzentrifuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Schubzentrifuge
EP2946835A1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2015-11-25 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse
CN106345618A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-25 成都科创诺商贸有限公司 一种多级分离的离心机

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US2720981A (en) * 1951-11-27 1955-10-18 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Centrifuge
GB918386A (en) * 1959-05-22 1963-02-13 Braunschweigische Maschb Ansta Improvements in continuous acting sieve centrifuges
US3136721A (en) * 1961-03-31 1964-06-09 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Centrifugal solids dryer
GB1047434A (fr) * 1962-06-04
CH452441A (de) * 1966-08-23 1968-05-31 Escher Wyss Ag Schubzentrifuge
DE2165719A1 (de) * 1971-12-30 1973-07-05 Krauss Maffei Ag Zentrifuge
US3831764A (en) * 1973-06-05 1974-08-27 Pennwalt Corp Pusher-type centrifuge
FR2334420A1 (fr) * 1975-12-12 1977-07-08 Dietrich & Cie De Essoreuse a poussee axiale
DE9417273U1 (de) * 1994-11-01 1994-12-22 Spyra Thomas Schubboden in einer Zentrifuge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10639647B2 (en) * 2014-02-26 2020-05-05 Ferrum Ag Centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control and method of loading a centrifuge with a feed device comprising a feed direction control

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