EP2946835A1 - Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2946835A1
EP2946835A1 EP14169374.7A EP14169374A EP2946835A1 EP 2946835 A1 EP2946835 A1 EP 2946835A1 EP 14169374 A EP14169374 A EP 14169374A EP 2946835 A1 EP2946835 A1 EP 2946835A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acceleration
centrifuge
axis
mixture
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14169374.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nik Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferrum AG
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Ferrum AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferrum AG filed Critical Ferrum AG
Priority to EP14169374.7A priority Critical patent/EP2946835A1/fr
Publication of EP2946835A1 publication Critical patent/EP2946835A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/02—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by means coaxial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/06—Arrangement of distributors or collectors in centrifuges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge or double-pusher centrifuge and a pre-acceleration device for a centrifuge according to the preamble of the independent claims 1 and 10.
  • the invention will be discussed primarily using the example of the application in a single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge. It goes without saying that the invention can also be used with advantage in any other type of centrifuge, in particular also in a double-acting centrifuge, which are therefore all covered by the present application.
  • centrifuges for drying wet substances or moist substance mixtures centrifuges in various embodiments are widely used and are used in a variety of fields.
  • discontinuous centrifuges preferably used, while especially when continuously large amounts of a solid-liquid mixture to be separated, continuously operating pusher centrifuges are advantageously used.
  • pusher centrifuges are advantageously used.
  • a solid-liquid mixture for example a suspension or a moist salt or salt mixture
  • a mixture distributor of a rapidly rotating drum which is designed as a filter, fed so that due the centrifugal forces acting the liquid phase is eliminated through the filter, while deposited in the interior of the drum wall, a solid cake becomes.
  • arranged in the rotating drum is a substantially disc-shaped, synchronous co-rotating sliding floor, depending on the number of screening stages either the moving floor or a screening stage in the axial direction in the drum oscillates with a certain amplitude, so that a part of the dried solid cake at one end the drum is pushed out.
  • drum diameter up to 1000 mm and more are quite common and typical rotational frequencies of the drum, depending on the drum diameter of up to 2000 revolutions per Minute and more can be achieved. In this case usually requires a larger drum diameter because of the strong centrifugal forces occurring a smaller maximum rotational frequency of the drum.
  • the operating parameters, such as the rotational frequency of the drum, the amount of mixture supplied per unit time or the drum diameter or the type of pusher centrifuge used also depend on the material to be dried itself, the content of liquid and so on.
  • the multistage pusher centrifuges known from the prior art are generally continuous filter centrifuges.
  • the multi-stage filter centrifuge consists of an outer screen drum and at least one arranged in the outer screen drum screening stage, which is also designed as a screen drum.
  • several screening stages can be arranged concentrically in one another, so that two, three and multi-stage pusher centrifuges can be realized, all screening stages being driven very quickly synchronously about a common axis of rotation.
  • a solid-liquid mixture to be separated passes continuously through a stationary inlet pipe into a mixture distributor which is also arranged synchronously in the innermost screening stage and is uniformly distributed over its entire screen circumference at the innermost screening stage. Most of the liquid is already centrifuged off here and a solid cake is formed.
  • the innermost stage which is also referred to as the first stage, carries out an oscillation movement in the direction of the axis of rotation in addition to the rotational movement about the axis of rotation.
  • This oscillatory movement is generated, for example, hydraulically via a thrust piston with Um Kunststoffmechanismus.
  • the solids cake is pushed in ring sections, corresponding to the stroke length of the oscillation, from the first to the second stage and finally leaves the pusher centrifuge via an outlet opening.
  • the solid cake in the sieve drum is washed continuously with the addition of washing liquid on the solid cake.
  • a well-known two-stage pusher centrifuge which operates on the previously described principle is, for example, in DE 25 42 916 A1 described in detail.
  • the first stage ie the innermost screening stage
  • the outer screening drum serves primarily as a drying stage.
  • centrifuges of all kinds have long been well known for special applications in various embodiments, the known centrifuges still have several serious disadvantages. Even if, for example, with the known multistage pusher centrifuges or double pusher centrifuges, lower inlet concentrations, ie mixtures with increased liquid content, can be processed better than with ordinary single-stage pusher centrifuges, the inlet concentration of the mixture to be processed must not be arbitrarily small. That is, if the proportion of liquid in the mixture is too high, for example, 50% or 70% or 80% or even more than 90% liquid phase, the mixture must be pre-thickened in more or less expensive processes.
  • the centrifuges known from the prior art sometimes show massive disadvantages.
  • the mixture introduced into the mixture distributor through the inlet pipe is accelerated to the full peripheral speed of the drum in the shortest time when it strikes the screening drum.
  • this can lead to grain breakage, which means, for example, that solid grains distributed in a suspension supplied to the centrifuge burst into smaller pieces during the abrupt acceleration process in an uncontrolled manner, which negatively influences the quality of the solid cake produced may have, for example, if the particle size of the grains in the final product plays a role.
  • pre-acceleration screen of the pre-acceleration hopper with a rotary drive, so that the pre-acceleration screen can be rotated at a predefinable speed, whereby an abrupt circumferential acceleration of the incoming mixture can be avoided.
  • a further proposal is to provide the outer ring portion of the push floor device, with which the axial displacement of the solids cake in the drum is accomplished, with inclined acceleration surfaces, so that also a gentler acceleration of the incoming on the inner screen surface of the drum mixture is possible.
  • the known pusher centrifuge 1 ' which in the example of Fig. 1 is a two-stage pusher centrifuge, serves to separate a mixture 2 'in a solid cake 3' and in a liquid phase 4 'and includes as essential components around a rotation axis 5' about a drum axis 51 'rotatable outer screen drum 6', which in a housing G 'is housed.
  • the drum axis 51 ' is operatively connected to a drum drive, not shown, in known manner, so that the drum 6' by the drum drive in rapid rotation about the axis of rotation 5 'is displaceable.
  • multi-stage pusher centrifuges 1' such as in Fig.
  • a mixture distributor 7' is provided with a pusher bottom device 8 'and a feed device 9', wherein the screening stage 14 'along the axis of rotation 5' back and forth arranged, so that the solid cake 3 'by means of the pusher bottom device. 8 'is displaceable.
  • a mixture distributor 7' with a pusher device 8 'and a feed device 9' is arranged, which allows continuously through the feed device 9 'supplied mixture 2' on the inner peripheral surface 62 'of the screen drum 6' or at multi-stage pusher centrifuges on the screening step surface 142 'of the screening stage 14' by introducing into a void R ', which is formed when moving the solid cake 3' to distribute.
  • the mixture 2 ' is by means of the feed device 9', which here includes an inlet pipe, for pre-acceleration in the inlet funnel 10 ', 101' can be fed, which extends in a substantially conically widening towards the pusher bottom device 8 'down, the inlet funnel 101' in the specific example of Fig. 1 about a drive shaft 11 ', 111' rotatably arranged and by means of a drive 12 'with a predetermined speed about the drive axis 111' is rotatable.
  • the feed device 9' which here includes an inlet pipe, for pre-acceleration in the inlet funnel 10 ', 101' can be fed, which extends in a substantially conically widening towards the pusher bottom device 8 'down, the inlet funnel 101' in the specific example of Fig. 1 about a drive shaft 11 ', 111' rotatably arranged and by means of a drive 12 'with a predetermined speed about the drive axis 111' is rotatable.
  • the pusher bottom device 8 ' is designed as an annular region 81' such that with the annular region 81 'in single-stage pusher centrifuges 1' in the screening drum 6 ', and in multistage pusher centrifuges 1' of the deposited in the screening stage 14 'solid cake 3' by an oscillation along the axis of rotation 5 'of the pusher bottom device 8' and / or the screening stage 14 'in multi-stage pusher centrifuges 1' from the screen drum 6 ', or in multi-stage pusher centrifuges 1' in the screen drum 6 'or in another screening stage 14, not shown 'is displaceable.
  • the push floor device 8 ' rotates in the in Fig. 1 example shown in synchronism with the screen drum 6 'about the axis of rotation 5'.
  • the oscillatory motion indicated by the double arrow in Fig. 1 is indicated, performs in the example shown here, the screening stage 14 ', while the moving floor device 8' does not oscillate.
  • the oscillating screening stage 14 'and the moving floor apparatus 8' or the screening drum 6 ' which is immovable in the axial direction.
  • the oscillatory movement is preferably generated by means of a reversing mechanism not shown here and transmitted via a push rod P ', wherein in a first half period of the oscillatory movement with the outer ring portion 81' of the Push floor device 8 'deposited solid cake 3' in ring sections, the width of which is determined by the stroke length of the oscillation, is pushed out of the screening drum 6 '.
  • the empty space R ' is formed in the screen drum 6', so that new mixture 2 'can be introduced into the empty space R'.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a centrifuge or device for a centrifuge with which the problems described at the outset with the abrupt acceleration of the mixture to be dehumidified or the problems with the axial and partial radial spraying are significantly reduced or more or less can be completely avoided, and this also for mixtures with thin inlet concentrations, including mixtures with high liquid content, the centrifuge should be designed structurally less expensive than the known from the prior art solutions, so that the centrifuge or the corresponding Components are easier and cheaper to manufacture and ultimately so are less maintenance-prone, thus longer maintenance intervals are possible, which can also optimize the reliability and ultimately the operating costs.
  • the invention thus relates to a centrifuge for separating a mixture into a solids cake and into a liquid phase.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention comprises an outer screening drum rotatable about a rotation axis and a sliding floor device arranged therein with an outer annular region, so that the solid cake can be displaced along the axis of rotation in the operating state by means of the outer ring region of the push floor device.
  • a feed device is provided, with which the mixture can be introduced into a void, which arises during the displacement of the solid cake by the pusher bottom device.
  • a pre-acceleration device comprising a pre-acceleration blade with a radially acting pre-acceleration surface is provided for pre-acceleration of the mixture on the pusher bottom device, the surface normal of which includes a pre-acceleration angle different from zero degrees with the rotational axis.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention is structurally very simple with regard to the pre-acceleration device, that is to say it has a low complexity, so that the centrifuge or the corresponding components of the Invention can be made easier and cheaper and ultimately so are less prone to maintenance, thus longer maintenance intervals are possible, which also the reliability and ultimately the operating costs can be optimized.
  • the pre-acceleration device is simply a pre-acceleration cross comprising one or a plurality of pre-acceleration blades extending substantially along the axis of rotation in the installed state of the pre-acceleration cross towards the feeding device and displaced from each other at a predetermined angle with respect to a circumferential direction of the rotational axis can be arranged.
  • the Vorbeschreibungsblatt can also be configured helically in relation to the axis of rotation, ie, that the Vorbeschreibungsblatt can be configured in a specific embodiment such that the Vorbeschreibungswinkel can preferably continuously change within a predefinable angle ranges.
  • a shielding element may additionally be provided on the feeding device, on the one hand providing additional protection against the mixture flowing back towards the feeding device and, on the other hand, serving to some extent as a guiding device for the mixture flowing out of the feeding device into the drum, wherein the Shielding element is preferably a symmetrically extending around the axis of rotation shielding element.
  • the shielding element can be configured as a shielding funnel that widens in the direction of the push-floor device.
  • the shielding element can also be arranged parallel to the pusher bottom device and have a flat or curved geometry.
  • the pre-acceleration device can be designed and provided on the push floor device such that at least one pre-acceleration head of the pre-acceleration blade extends into the feed device and / or into the shielding element, so that the pre-acceleration the mixture already takes place in the region of the shielding element or in the feed device itself, that is to say already in the feed pipe or already begins there and not very close to the pusher plate itself. This leaves even more time for the pre-acceleration of the mixture available in an even gentler treatment of the mixture results and also further reduces the axial and / or radial tendency for spraying.
  • the pre-acceleration device with a fastening means for example with screws releasably connected to the push floor device, so that the pre-acceleration can be easily replaced or can be easily retrofitted into an existing centrifuge.
  • the Vorbeschreibungs can be advantageously arranged on one of the Vorbeschreibungsteller, which is preferably releasably connected to the attachment means with the sliding floor device.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention can be, for example, a single-stage or multi-stage pusher centrifuge, a double-pusher centrifuge or another Centrifugal be because the use of Vorbeuggungs worn for pre-acceleration of the incoming mixture is not limited in principle to a particular type of centrifuge, which also impressively demonstrates the enormous flexibility of the invention in terms of their potential applications in practice.
  • the invention also relates to a pre-acceleration device as such, which comprises a pre-acceleration blade with an at least radially acting pre-acceleration surface whose surface normal includes a pre-acceleration angle different from zero degrees with the rotation axis ,
  • the pre-acceleration angle can be in the range of 1 ° to 179 °, in particular between 10 ° and 170 °, preferably between 45 ° and 135 ° and particularly preferably 90 °, and / or the pre-acceleration blade can be configured such that the pre-acceleration angle is preferred continuously changing within at least one of the aforementioned angular ranges.
  • the pre-acceleration means is a pre-acceleration cross comprising one or a plurality of pre-acceleration blades, the pre-acceleration blade being movable relative to the axis of rotation e.g. helical, i. e. that the pre-acceleration blade can be configured in a specific embodiment such that the pre-acceleration angle can preferably change continuously within the framework of a predefinable angular range.
  • the pre-acceleration device is simply a pre-acceleration cross comprising a plurality of pre-acceleration blades extending substantially along the axis of rotation toward the feed device in the installed state of the pre-acceleration cross and a presettable one relative to a circumferential direction of the rotational axis Angle offset can be arranged.
  • the pre-acceleration device can advantageously be designed such that it can be detachably connected to the push floor device with a fastening means, the pre-acceleration device very particularly preferably comprising a pre-acceleration plate, which in particular can be detachably connected to the push floor device with the fastening means and thus overall Very easy to replace in case of maintenance or can be retrofitted into an existing centrifuge.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment known from the prior art, which has already been described in detail and therefore need not be discussed here.
  • Fig. 2 shows on average in a schematic representation essential components of a simple embodiment of an inventive single-stage pusher centrifuge. It is understood that the representation of the single-stage pusher centrifuge is to be understood only as an example and the description of course also applies to the other types of centrifuges mentioned in the context of this application in an analogous manner and is correspondingly transferable.
  • the inventive single-stage pusher centrifuge of Fig. 2 which is hereinafter referred to in its entirety by the reference numeral 1, serves to separate a mixture 2 into a solids cake 3 and into a liquid phase 4 and comprises as essential components a rotatable about a rotation axis 5 outer Screen drum 6 and arranged therein a moving floor device 8 with an outer ring portion 81, so that the solid cake 3 in the operating state by means of the outer ring portion 81 of the sliding floor device 8 along the axis of rotation 5 is displaceable. Furthermore, a feed device 9 is provided, with which the mixture 2 can be introduced into an empty space R, which is formed when the solid cake 3 is moved by the push floor device 8.
  • a pre-acceleration device 10 in the form of a pre-acceleration cross preferably comprises a plurality of pre-acceleration blades 100, wherein an at least radially acting pre-acceleration surface 110 is provided on each pre-acceleration blade 100 whose surface normal FN coincides with the rotation axis 5 includes a pre-acceleration angle other than zero degrees which, in the present quite specific embodiment, is 90 degrees, as will be seen later in FIGS Fig. 3a respectively. Fig. 3b will be better recognized.
  • the feed device 9 shielding 91 which in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 extends symmetrically about the axis of rotation 5 and extending in the direction of the sliding bottom device 8 shielding funnel 911, on the one hand provides additional protection against back towards the feeding device 9 back-spraying mixture 2 and on the other hand to some extent as a guide for the from the feed device 9 in the drum expiring mixture 2 can serve.
  • the pre-acceleration device 10 is designed and provided on the push floor device 8 such that a pre-acceleration head 101 of the pre-acceleration blade 100 extends into a region of the shielding element 91 in each axial position of the push floor device 8.
  • Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b show the Vorbevantungsnch the Fig. 2 a little more detail, where Fig. 3a a plan view of the Vorbevantungsnch from direction B according Fig. 3b shows and the Fig. 3b a side view of the Vorbevantungsnches from the direction A according to Fig. 3a is.
  • the pre-acceleration device 10 ie the pre-acceleration cross according to FIG Fig. 3a respectively.
  • Fig. 3b comprises four respectively vertically arranged against each other pre-acceleration blades 100 with radially acting Vorbevantungs vom 110, the surface normal FN includes in the installed state with the rotation axis 5, a pre-acceleration angle of 90 °.
  • the Vorbe instructungsnch is welded on a Vorbevantungsteller 11, which is detachably connected with screws with the sliding floor device 8.

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EP14169374.7A 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse Withdrawn EP2946835A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14169374.7A EP2946835A1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14169374.7A EP2946835A1 (fr) 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 Centrifugeuse, ainsi que dispositif de pré-accélération pour une centrifugeuse

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EP2946835A1 true EP2946835A1 (fr) 2015-11-25

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1040461B (de) * 1955-07-19 1958-10-02 Krauss Maffei Ag Schubzentrifuge zum Schleudern von Suspensionen mit harten, abrasiven Feststoffen
US3136722A (en) * 1961-10-18 1964-06-09 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Pusher-type centrifuge
DE2542916A1 (de) 1975-09-26 1977-03-31 Siteg Siebtech Gmbh Zweistufige schubzentrifuge
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
EP1468743A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse-pousseuse
EP1468742A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages
EP1468744A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec cone rotatif pour pre-accélerer le mélange

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1040461B (de) * 1955-07-19 1958-10-02 Krauss Maffei Ag Schubzentrifuge zum Schleudern von Suspensionen mit harten, abrasiven Feststoffen
US3136722A (en) * 1961-10-18 1964-06-09 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Pusher-type centrifuge
DE2542916A1 (de) 1975-09-26 1977-03-31 Siteg Siebtech Gmbh Zweistufige schubzentrifuge
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
EP1468743A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse-pousseuse
EP1468742A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec plusieur étages
EP1468744A1 (fr) 2003-04-16 2004-10-20 Ferrum AG Centrifugeuse à poussoir avec cone rotatif pour pre-accélerer le mélange

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