EP2911831A1

EP2911831A1 - Stationary spring tensioning device comprising a universal tension plate apparatus

Info

Publication number: EP2911831A1
Application number: EP13785347.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Friedrich Deblon; Detlef DÖDTER; Thomas Piel; Peter Welp
Original assignee: Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Hazet Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-10-26
Filing date: 2013-10-21
Publication date: 2015-09-02
Also published as: CN104507642A; DE102012110251B3; CN104507642B; WO2014063684A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a spring tensioning device (1) for mounting and/or removing helical compression springs on/from motor vehicle spring damper struts (57). According to the invention a universal tension plate (14) is provided, by means of which virtually all commercially available helical compression springs can be gripped and can be tensioned or slackened symmetrically by means of relatively movable holding fixtures on the universal tension plate (14).

Description

Stationary spring tensioning device with universal clamping plate

The present invention relates to a spring tensioning device for mounting and dismounting helical compression springs on spring shock absorber legs for motor vehicles according to the features in the preamble of patent claim 1.

Motor vehicle wheels are suspended from motor vehicle axles in such a way that they can spring in or rebound to compensate for unevenness on the road surface. For a compression or rebound is realized, motor vehicles usually have on each wheel a spring element and a damper element. In the most widespread design, the spring element consists of a helical compression spring and further preferably, the damper element is integrated into the helical compression spring, so that it is mounted as a spring damper strut in the motor vehicle. For example, such a Mc Pherson strut is constructed. During assembly, the helical compression spring is already in the damper element under a bias, so that when the motor vehicle is placed on the ground, the motor vehicle springs are subjected to the static wheel load and partially deflect up to half of the available suspension travel. The dynamic wheel loads occurring during the drive are then hit by a respective compression or rebound on the static wheel load or subtracted from this. If the wheel reaches a maximum deflection, so spring deflection limiters are usually provided in the form of rubber buffers, which prevent further damage to the axle components.

As part of the use of the motor vehicle, the axle components, in particular the damper element, which is also known as a shock absorber and is designed for example as a hydraulic or gas pressure damper, are subject to high wear, so that a shock absorber must be renewed at least once over the service life of a motor vehicle.

For this purpose, the motor vehicle is then raised to a working platform and dismantled the complete spring shock absorber leg from the motor vehicle. However, the spring is under a residual bias, which can sometimes be up to several hundred Newton. Thus, the damper element can be separated from the helical compression spring, the helical compression spring must first be biased so that a release of the end stops on the damper element is enabled and then a new damper element is used or the helical compression spring is relaxed so that it has no bias and can be stored safely.

For this purpose, spring tensioning devices are known from the prior art, with which it is possible to tension helical compression springs or to relax. In most cases, such spring tensioners have intervention means, at least partially engage in the spring coils and a spindle drive, via which the spring can be further biased to the desired extent.

However, a dismantled spring strut leg weighs several kilograms and must be securely fixed in position during the tensioning process. In workshops, it may therefore happen that, for example, the damper element is clamped in a vise and then a spring tensioning device is attached to the helical compression spring. However, such a procedure is contrary to an increase in occupational safety, on the other hand, the corrosion protection coating of the damper element is damaged, which in turn leads to increased wear of the components.

Therefore, stationary spring tensioning devices are known from the prior art, with which it is possible to fix disassembled spring damper legs in a location independent of the motor vehicle safely and fixed in position and then to carry out the tensioning and relaxing operation on the helical compression spring. For example, such a stationary spring tensioning device from DE 10 2008 047 423 B4 is known. However, such a spring tensioning device is particularly space-intensive and due to the complex operation, it brings high acquisition and maintenance costs.

Furthermore, for example from US 6,336,625 B1, a spring tensioning device is known in which a spring damper strut can be inserted into a receiving device and then intervened via clamping plates and / or lateral claws in the helical compression spring and this can be stretched or relaxed.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a stationary spring tensioning device, which has a low purchase price and at the same time is available for a wide range of applications on the market Federdämpferbeinen and requires only a small footprint in a workshop. The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention with a spring tensioning device for mounting and / or disassembly of helical compression springs on spring damper struts for motor vehicles according to the features in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The spring tensioning device according to the invention for assembly and / or disassembly of helical compression springs on spring damper struts for motor vehicles can be arranged stationary in a workshop as a stationary device outside a motor vehicle. It has means which engage at least partially in the helical compression spring and are linearly movable by means of a drive, so that the helical compression spring can be tensioned or relaxed.

According to the invention, the spring tensioning device is characterized in that the spring tensioning device has a universal clamping plate, wherein the universal clamping plate can be coupled to the drive by means of a coupling device and a cross-beam is fixed to the coupling device. At the cross-beam, two arms are arranged opposite to this projecting, wherein in turn is coupled to each arm, a receptacle for engagement in the helical compression spring. At least one of the two recordings is adjustable in the direction of travel of the drive relative to the arm.

In the context of the invention, therefore, the relative position of the receptacle to the arm can be changed substantially in the direction parallel to the direction of travel of the drive in the position. This makes it possible that the recordings are adapted to the thread of the helical compression spring, so that a uniform clamping or relaxing the helical compression spring, significantly along a central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring, is made possible during the tensioning and expansion process. It comes thus not to a misalignment, but to a tilting of the helical compression spring during the clamping process itself.

In the context of the invention it is particularly possible to avoid by the relative change in height of the recording to the arm an asymmetrical or non-uniform clamping of the helical compression spring. In particular, by the opposing shots can thus be carried out optimally by the relative displacement of the universal clamping plate to the universal clamping table relative to the clamping direction of the helical compression spring. In particular, on each side on which a receptacle is fixed, be individually adjusted to the voltage applied to the recording spring coil.

Preferably, the receptacles are formed such that they have a gripping surface, wherein the gripping surface opposite to the receptacle in the direction of an interior of the helical compression spring is formed above and the wire diameter of the helical compression spring is cross-introduced into the helical compression spring. So that the receptacle does not slip off of the helical compression spring or the wire portion of the engagement of the helical compression spring, a locking edge is further formed at the end of the gripping surface.

Thus, the recording can not only adapt in a degree of freedom of movement of the thread of the helical compression spring, thus adapt only in a transverse direction, but also in a direction transverse to the first transverse direction substantially orthogonal transverse direction of the thread of the helical compression spring, the receptacle is preferably via a Bolt rotatably coupled to the arm.

In order to enable the adjustment movement of the recording relative to the arm, in particular a spindle drive is provided, wherein the recording is moved relative to the arm by mechanically rotating the spindle. In substantially vertically aligned spring tensioning device is thus the Recording adjusted in height and can thus be adapted to the thread of the helical compression spring. For the linear guide of the receptacle on the arm itself, in particular in the arm, a groove is formed, wherein in the groove a sliding block on the spindle drive is arranged to be linearly movable. On the nut is then in turn coupled to the bolt, via which the receptacle is rotatably connected to the arm.

As a further adjustment of the universal clamping plate is further provided that the arms are arranged on the crosspiece relatively displaceable. In particular, the arms have an opening in which the cross-beam is received, wherein a knurled screw is provided on the arms, with which the arms are positionally fixed in their desired position. Thus, the thumbscrew can be solved, the arms are moved in the transverse direction of the crossbeam and are fixed in position again by tightening the thumbscrew upon reaching the desired position.

An essential feature of the invention is that the distance between the central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring or the spring damper leg to the axis on which the linear movement of the drive is made fixed. The same applies to a clamping plate which is used on the opposite side of the universal clamping plate or preferably for a universal clamping table, which is used in conjunction with the universal clamping plate. Thus, it is ensured that the central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring or the spring damper leg is always arranged substantially parallel to the linear movement of the drive or parallel to the tensioning direction or expansion direction. An oblique clamping, which could, for example, cause the spring to spring out of the anchoring, is therefore excluded categorically. In particular, the universal clamping plate, but also the universal clamping table thus make it possible to clamp helical compression springs with a variety of diameters and / or wire diameters always safe to work and a wrong clamping and thereby To avoid conditional slipping of the spring from the jig. In this case, no assortment of clamping plates must be maintained, but the universal clamping plate, especially in conjunction with the universal clamping table are sufficient.

Furthermore, in the context of the invention, the coupling device of the universal clamping plate is particularly preferably designed as a fork adapter. Thus, the universal clamping plate as well as a commercially available clamping plate can be used in recordings of the drive. With the help of the fork adapter, the universal clamping plate is inserted substantially orthogonal to the displacement movement of the linear drive in the receptacle and fixed in position there, for example by a ball pressure pin. As a result, particularly short set-up times are made possible by simply replacing the universal clamping plate.

The spring tensioning device according to the invention for mounting and / or dismounting helical compression springs on spring damper struts for motor vehicles preferably further comprises a universal clamping table, which is fixed in position fixed to the spring tensioning device, wherein the spring damper strut at least in sections, the universal clamping table is arranged in cross-section in the spring tensioning device and the spring damper strut or the helical compression spring on Holding means on the universal clamping table can be fixed.

The universal clamping table is arranged at vertically aligned spring tensioning device at a lower end of this and is in particular round, very particularly preferably circular, and has a recess in the middle, which is also round, in particular circular, on. In the context of the invention, it is thus possible to arrange the spring damper leg at least in sections through the clamping table and it is also possible to arrange a centering mandrel below the clamping table on which the spring damper strut is then centered over the universal clamping table and subsequently fixed in position via the holding means of the universal clamping table , In the context of the invention, in particular a head plate or head disk of the spring damper leg is arranged on the universal clamping table. It is such a recording or disc, which comes to rest below a Domlagers on a motor vehicle in a strut tower or includes a dome itself. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible to take the helical compression spring on a spring-side end or a thread at the level of or by means of the universal clamping table. The universal clamping table is then opposite to the spring tensioning device a clamping plate or else a universal clamping plate arranged, wherein by relative movement of the clamping plate to the universal clamping the clamping movement or the decompression of the helical compression spring is executable.

So that the universal clamping table for a wide range of uses of different helical compression springs, for example, different types of vehicles or even vehicle manufacturers, can be used, in particular the holding means are slidably mounted on the universal clamping table. So that a sufficient work safety is given and a false position or wrong tension is prevented in principle, the displaceability or displaceability of the holding means on the universal clamping table limits. Thus, the holding means are fixed in particular by knurled screws, wherein the thumbscrews are displaced within predetermined grooves. A thumbscrew having, for example, a wing nut or another, manually operated solvent, can thus be solved, the holding means are moved within the groove, the thumbscrew penetrates the groove and on the side edges and the end stops of the groove form-fit to the plant comes. Tightening the knurled screw restores the holding means on the universal clamping table. The grooves are in particular arranged on the universal clamping table such that they have a curvature and in particular are formed following the round shape of the universal clamping table. In the context of the invention, a further displacement possibility is given, wherein the holding means are displaceable in the radial direction of the approximately configured universal clamping table. For this purpose, they have an additional knurled screw or else are positionally fixed with the thumbscrew of the round groove in such a way that, when the knurled screw is released, they can also be displaced in the radial direction, thus in the direction of the recess or away from the recess. After aligning the spring damper strut or the helical compression spring on the universal clamping table is followed by fixing the position of the holding means fixing a position on the universal clamping table.

A clamping plate is arranged opposite the universal clamping table, wherein the distance to a profile rail along which the clamping plate is displaceable, thus the distance of the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper leg in the region of the clamping plate and in the area of the universal clamping table is predetermined and can not be changed. To neglect here is a fine adjustment or within the Federdämpferbeins desired eccentricity. This ensures that also the central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring is set correctly parallel to the rail and thus to the axial adjustment for clamping or relaxing the helical compression spring. It can thus come in carrying out the clamping operation or relaxation process to any tilting or misalignment of the helical compression spring. As a result, the safety of use of the spring tensioning device according to the invention is greatly increased, with a misadjustment of a spring damper element and the associated accident risk is minimized.

Furthermore, at least one brake arm is arranged on the universal clamping table. The brake arm is rotatably mounted as an optional or additional fixing means on the universal clamping table and can be screwed into a spring coil of the helical compression spring. The brake arm is a mechanical functional element which is brought into engagement with a cantilever in the spring coil and under load of the cantilever due to the action of force is applied to a braking torque, so that a spring during a relaxation process or even with a slippage or failure of the upper clamping plate not due to the energy storage of the spring itself springs out of the holder or from the chuck table. The brake arm thus holds the helical compression spring substantially in the arranged position. The brake arm is in this case adjustable in height relative to a mandrel arranged orthogonally on the universal clamping table, so that it can be displaced axially with manual actuation in the region of the mandrel with respect to this. Thus, the brake arm can be rotatably inserted around the mandrel in the thread of a spring and exercise by manually depressing the brake arm in the region of the mandrel in the direction of the spring winding on this a braking torque or a positional fixation.

Furthermore, the universal clamping table is fixed to the spring tensioning device via a clamping table holder, wherein the universal clamping table is rotatably mounted on the clamping table holder. This makes it possible, for example, to bring in a clamping operation of the Federdämpferbeins by turning the universal clamping table on the clamping table this in the optimal working position. Even if already fixed spring shock absorber leg, it may also be possible to turn the universal clamping table. In particular, in the case of a spring shock absorber leg which is not oriented perpendicularly to the universal clamping table or can be arranged, it is possible to initially adjust the position thereof and then to finely adjust it by turning the universal clamping table. In particular, the fine adjustment is carried out such that the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper strut, in particular the helical compression spring, by rotation of the universal clamping table substantially parallel to the axial movement of the drive, thus to align the clamping direction or relaxation direction. Precisely because of this, it is in turn in turn avoided that initially a user fitter attempts to insert the spring loosely between universal clamping table and clamping plate to this for the clamping operation to align, in which case the spring could slip off. This measure also increases the safety in the handling of the spring tensioning device according to the invention.

In a further preferred embodiment, the universal clamping table is assigned or arranged on the universal clamping table a centering mandrel, with the help of the centering mandrel, the spring damper leg can be positioned on the universal clamping table, in particular a spring damper leg on a top plate. For this purpose, the present invention provides in particular two embodiments.

On the one hand, the universal clamping table is fixed in position on the spring tensioning device. The centering mandrel is pivotally arranged in particular in the position-fixed clamping table, so that after centering of the spring damper strut and it directly after fixing on the universal clamping the centering mandrel during the actual clamping process or relaxation process of the helical compression spring is pivoted out of the work area.

In a further embodiment, the universal clamping table is formed hinged to a clamping direction of the spring tensioning device according to the invention. The centering mandrel itself is then arranged, for example, at a lower end of the rail of the spring tensioning device, by folding the universal clamping table, the recess of the universal clamping table centrally over the centering mandrel comes to rest and the spring damper strut with its central longitudinal axis in the horizontal direction extending before the centering mandrel is arranged and the Foot area or the top plate of the spring damper leg is fixable on the universal clamping table. If the spring damper leg is fixed in position on the universal clamping table, the universal clamping table together with the spring damper strut is in turn foldable into the working position, so that the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper strut is arranged substantially vertically oriented. Subsequently, the spring shock absorber leg by means of the clamping plate again folded back, so that the spring damper leg undergoes a substantially vertical orientation and is arranged parallel to the clamping direction or the rail of the spring tensioning device.

Further preferably, the spring tensioning device has a drive, wherein by means of the drive, a clamping plate is adjustable relative to the universal clamping table, so that by the change in length, the helical compression spring is tensioned or relaxed. The drive itself is designed in particular as a spindle drive and very particularly preferably as a threaded spindle. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible to use a hydraulic cylinder as a tensioning drive or as a drive of the spring tensioning device. Particularly preferably, the drive and the spring tensioning device is constructed such that already existing clamping plates can also be used by means of the stationary spring tensioning device. In the context of the invention, in particular, the spring tensioning device is designed such that an existing mobile spring tensioning device can be inserted into the spring tensioning device and positively received in this, so that then the mobile spring tensioning device is used as a drive of the stationary spring tensioning device. It is particularly advantageous in this case that the existing clamping plates of the mobile spring tensioning device can then also be used on the stationary spring tensioning device.

Further preferably, the spring tensioning device itself is designed to be pivotable, so that it is pivotable in a horizontal working position and also in a vertical working position. The stationarily arranged in a workbench or on a workshop trolley spring tensioning device can thus be pivoted from a substantially vertical working position in a substantially horizontal working position. In particular, locking means are provided with which the spring tensioning device can be arranged fixed in position in the respective working position. In the context of the invention, it is thus possible, either preferred Working position of the applying mechanic or even if necessary due to specific embodiments of the currently processed spring damper leg to change the working position, so that different fittings or gripping means can be brought into the spring damper strut for engagement.

For this purpose, the spring tensioning device has a central profiled rail, which may be hollow or alternatively designed as an open hollow profile or as a closed hollow profile. The respective clamping plates are then axially displaceable on the rail for carrying out the clamping or relaxing movement. Also, the universal clamping table is fixed to the rail and arranged fixed in position as an abutment for the running through the clamping plate clamping or relaxing movement. The spring tensioning device according to the invention can be attached via the rail to a wall or else be pivoted to a workbench or a workshop trolley and together with the rail in the case of a pivotal spring tensioning device about a mounting axis.

In the context of the invention, the drive is arranged within the rail, so that it is protected against unwanted, external interference, which in turn increases the safety of the spring tensioning device according to the invention. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible, in particular in the case of an open hollow profile, the profile rail in this case has a C-shaped and in particular hat-shaped cross-sectional configuration to arrange a mobile spring tensioner positively in the rail so that it is converted such that it as stationary spring tensioning device is usable.

In particular, an actuating device of the drive projects out of the mounting rail, wherein the actuating device is adjustable via an actuating means. In the case of a spindle drive in particular an external hexagon, provided, which then for example by means of a hand tool or even a pneumatic tool can be actuated such that at least the clamping plate for the execution of the clamping or relaxation process of the helical compression spring is axially displaceable by the rotational movement of the spindle. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible to form the drive as a hydraulic cylinder, in which case hydraulic connections for coupling with a hydraulic unit protrude with respect to the profile rail or protrude from this.

In particular, in the case of using a mobile spring tensioning device, it is possible to insert and continue to use the clamping plates for the spring tensioning device. The insertion, but also the axial displaceability for carrying out the clamping movement is realized in that the clamping plate protrudes through the opening of the C- or hat-shaped profile and is axially displaceable relative thereto.

Further preferably, a universal clamping plate is arranged on the opposite side of the universal clamping table spring tensioning device, wherein the universal clamping plate has two receptacles which at least partially engage in the spring coil of the helical compression spring and are adjustable relative to the universal clamping plate in the clamping direction of the spring tensioning device and independently. This makes it possible to arrange by the recordings a relative offset at vertically oriented spring tensioning device such that the recordings of the turn of the helical compression spring following this can be brought into engagement and can be applied as it were with a clamping force. Due to the lack of adjustment in the direction of the rail, it is again possible to exclude an oblique clamping the helical compression spring, which could have a slipping of the tensioned helical compression spring result cathegorically. Due to the distance between the lower receptacle on the universal clamping table and the distance to the universal clamping plate in each case to the mounting rail, which is not changeable by an applying fitter, so is the Accident risk significantly reduced in the spring tensioning device according to the invention.

Further advantages, features, characteristics and aspects of the present invention are part of the following description. Preferred embodiments are shown in the schematic figures. These are for easy understanding of the invention. Show it:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an inventive

Spring tensioner

FIG. 2 shows the spring tensioning device from FIG. 1 in an exploded view;

3a and b, the spring tensioning device of Figure 1 in side view and plan view,

FIGS. 4a to c show a spring tensioning device according to the invention with commercially available clamping plates in various views,

5 shows the spring tensioning device from FIG. 4 in an exploded view, FIG.

FIGS. 6a to d show a universal clamping table according to the invention in various views,

FIGS. 7 a to e show a universal clamping plate according to the invention in various views,

FIG. 8 shows a spring tensioning device according to the invention with inserted spring shock absorber leg,

9a to c, the upper receptacle of the spring tensioning device with rollers, FIGS. 10 a to d show the various setting options on the spring tensioning device according to the invention with respective scales,

1 1 a to e an alternative embodiment of a brake arm according to the invention for use on a universal clamping table,

FIGS. 12a to c of the universal clamping table with the alternative brake arms with a spring shock absorber leg,

FIGS. 13a to d show a centering aid according to the invention on the

Universal clamping table,

FIG. 14 shows an alternative receiving device of the

Spring shock absorber on the upper intake,

Figure 15 shows the recording device in a view without

Spring shock absorber leg and

Figure 16a and b, the spring tensioning device according to the invention with the alternative recording device for the strut.

In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components, even if a repeated description is omitted for reasons of simplicity.

Figure 1 shows a spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention in a perspective side view from below, wherein the spring tensioning device 1 is in a horizontal working position. The spring tensioning device 1 has a profile rail 2, on which the components of the spring tensioning device 1 are fixed. Thus, a drive 3 is arranged within the profile rail 2, which is formed in this embodiment variant by a mobile usable spring tensioning device 4, which is positively fixed within the rail 2, is formed. For this purpose, 2 transverse plates 5 are on the rail formed, wherein the spring tensioning device 4 is positively guided by recesses 6 in the transverse plates 5, wherein the transverse plates 5 are also received positively on an inner circumferential surface 7 of the rail 2.

For this purpose, the profiled rail 2 itself has a huff-shaped cross-sectional profile, which can easily be recognized from the perspective views of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, which is open on one side. This makes it possible in particular in a simple manner, both to use the spring compressor 4 and to couple the respective transverse plates 5 in the rail 2. The rail 2 is also rotatably mounted on an angle rail 8. For this purpose, the rail 2 is positively coupled to the angle rail 8 via a pivot pin 9, wherein shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the spring tensioning device 1 is in a substantially horizontal working position. Furthermore, resiliently mounted locking buttons 10 are arranged on the angle rail 8, wherein on the locking buttons 10 a positive positional fixation in the horizontal position, but also in a vertical position, not shown, is executable, so that the spring tensioning device 1, in particular the rail 2 with their attachments, during the Operation or without unlocking the locking knob 10 is not feasible in another position. The locking buttons 10 come into positive engagement in recesses 1 1 within the rail 2 to the plant. So that the pivotal movement of the rail 2 is made possible in the respective horizontal or vertical position, damping means 12 are also provided on the angle rail 8, wherein the damping means 12 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3a on a rear side 13 of the rail 2 come into positive engagement ,

To bring now a not-shown spring shock absorber leg on the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention form-fitting for receiving, this has a universal clamping table 14 and a universal clamping plate 15, between which a positive engagement at least not Screw spring described in more detail and / or the Federdämpferbeins done.

The universal clamping table 14 is coupled via a clamping table receptacle 16 with the rail 2. For this purpose, the clamping table receptacle 16 has a supporting plate 17 which is shown in FIG. 3b and which comes to rest in a form-fitting manner on the legs 18 of the hat-shaped profile rail 2. Furthermore, the support plate 17 on a gripping extension 19, which is lockable by means of an adapter 20 in the rail 2. The adapter 20 itself is inserted into a lower receptacle 21 for a clamping plate 30 in the spring tensioning device 4 and thus locks as it were the spring tensioning device 4 within the rail 2 and the universal clamping table 14 also on the rail 2.

Well shown here is that opposite the support plate 17 of the universal clamping table 14 transverse plates 55 are arranged projecting. These transverse plates 55 are inserted into the profiled rail 2 in such a way that they come to rest laterally against an inner circumferential surface 7 of the profiled rail 2. The spring tensioning device 4 is then pushed through recesses 56 of the transverse plates 55, whereby the transverse plates 55 are locked in the rail 2. The universal clamping table 14 is then also locked against the spring tensioner 4. By varying the length of the gripping projections 19, it is possible to determine the relative height of the universal clamping table 14 on the profiled rail 2 so that a corresponding distance between the upper receptacle 22 and the universal clamping table 14 results when the spring tensioning device 4 is fully extended.

In an upper receptacle 22 of the spring tensioning device 4, the universal clamping plate 15 is then used with an adapter extension 23, in which case a relative movement R of universal clamping plate 15 is made possible to universal clamping table 14 in the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4. So that the spring tensioning device 1 can also execute the relative movement R, an actuating device 24 in the form of an external hexagon shown in FIG. 1 is designed to overlap the spring tensioning device 1, so that here a wrench or other actuating means can be attached and by rotating the actuator 24 of the spring tensioning device 4, the upper receptacle 22 moves with the universal clamping plate 15 for carrying out the relative movement R.

So that the universal clamping plate 15 can be brought into positive engagement with the helical compression spring or the spring damper strut not shown in detail, this has two opposing receptacles 25, which in turn are in each case displaceable parallel to the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4. This makes it possible to compensate for different inclination angle of the individual spring coils such that a clamping or relaxing movement of the helical compression spring exclusively in the axial direction A is executable. The receptacles 25 of the universal clamping plate 15 are in turn coupled to arms 26, wherein the arms 26 are fixed to a cross-beam 27. The arms 26 themselves are arranged on the transverse member 27 in the transverse direction Q displaced. To fix the position of the arms 26 on the crossbar Q knurled screws 28 are provided. Here, however, star grip screws or any other non-positive position fixing means can be provided. The locking bolt 29 is preferably carried out between the clamping bar 33 and lower receptacle 21, which is well illustrated in FIG. 5, when the mobile spring tensioning device 4 is inserted in the profiled rail 2. As a result, the mobile spring tensioning device 4 is locked in the rail 2.

Figure 4a-c show the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention in a perspective view, a side view and a plan view, wherein the spring tensioning device 1 with respect to the rail 2 and the coupling to an angle rail 8 via a pivot pin 9 an analogous structure to that in Figures 1-3 having. Also, as well visible in Figure 4a and Figure 5, a mobile spring tensioning device 4 in the rail 2 by means of transverse plates 5 fixed in position fixed in position. As a result, the stationary spring tensioning device 4 becomes a stationary spring tensioning device 4. So that the mobile spring tensioning device 4 is anchored in the rail 2, a locking pin 29 is provided.

Also, the spring tensioning device 1 shown in Figures 4 and 5, an upper 22 and a lower receptacle 21 for receiving clamping plates 30. When the clamping plates 30 are relevant to the clamping plates 30, which are already used in the commercial, mobile spring tensioner 4. Due to the opening of the one-sided open rail 2, it is possible that the clamping plates 30 in the upper 22 and lower receptacle 21 of the spring tensioning device 4 perform a relative movement R in the axial direction A of the spring tensioner 4, whereby a not-shown helical compression spring between the clamping plates 30 thereby tensioned or relaxable. Preferably, only the clamping plate 30 performs a relative movement R in the upper receptacle 22.

Also, in turn, an actuating device 24 of the spring tensioning device 4 is designed to protrude over a lower transverse plate 5 of the spring tensioning device 1. In Figure 4c well visible that the clamping plates 30 have in their receiving surface 31 an angular course at an angle α, wherein the angle α of the respective spring coil of the helical compression spring not shown below is following. In the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention according to the embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 5, all existing clamping plates 30 of the mobile spring tensioning device 4 can thus continue to be used. Different clamping plates are necessary, for example, in the processing of Federdämpferbeinen different vehicle classes and in particular different car manufacturers.

The universal clamping table 14 according to the invention is further illustrated in Figures 6a to d in different views. Thus, FIG. 6a shows a bottom view, FIG. 6b shows a top view, FIG. 6c shows a lateral sectional view along the section line AA from FIG. 6b, and FIG. 6d shows a rear view. The universal clamping table 14 according to the invention is not closer to the Spanntischaufnahme 16 at the shown rail 2 of the spring tensioning device 1 positively coupled. For this purpose, transverse plates 5 are mounted on the support plate 17, wherein the transverse plates 5 each have a recess 6, through which the spring tensioning device 4, not shown, is guided. The transverse plate 5 according to FIG. 6b also has a centering slot 32, into which the clamping strip 33 of the spring tensioning device 4, which is shown for example in FIG. 5, can be guided in a form-fitting and positive manner in the latter.

On the support plate 17 itself support arms 34 are coupled, on which a lower plate 35 of the universal clamping table 14, shown here via a weld 36 is coupled. However, it is also conceivable to couple the disk 35 with the support arms 34 via screws. The lower disc 35 is thus fixed in position immovably coupled to the support arms 34. On the lower disc 35 is positively and rotatably mounted on a support plate 37 which is rotatably mounted about a center M of the clamping table 16 with respect to the lower disc 35. On the outer edge is a scale 38, which is divided in particular over a course of 0 to 360 °, with the position of the support plate 37 is rotatable in a predefined position. So that the support disk 37 does not unintentionally twist on the lower disk 35, a fixing screw 39 is also provided, which prevents further rotation of the support disk 37 on the lower disk 35 via a clamping piece 40.

The support disk 37 also has grooves 41, which have a curved course and the radius of the support disk 37 are formed following. Clamping units 42 are arranged in adjustable manner in the grooves 41, wherein the clamping units 42 can be moved along the arcuate course of the grooves 41. On the clamping units 42 themselves fixing means 43 are again provided, which are relatively movable in the radial direction R37 of the support plate 37. Again, knurled screws 44 are provided in order to fix the fixing means 43 also form-fitting manner. The fixing means 43 themselves have a pick-up shoe 45, wherein the Pick-up shoe 45 is configured so that it can accommodate a non-illustrated head plate of a spring damper leg for positive contact with the plant in a spring strut or a spring coil.

Furthermore, braking arms 46 are arranged in a clearly visible manner, in particular according to FIGS. 6b to d, wherein the brake arms 46 are each rotatably mounted about a brake arm mandrel 47. It is thus a rotational movement of the brake arm 46 to the Bremsarmdorn 47 possible, so that a boom of the brake arm 46 is pivotable in a spring coil of a helical compression spring not shown on the universal clamping table 14 to then store this form-fitting manner on a surface 48 of the universal clamping table 14 and / or to prevent springing or springing off of the helical compression spring from the surface 48 of the universal clamping table 14 when the clamping plates 30 spring off. The brake arms 46 are mounted to the height H displaceable on the Bremsarmdorn 47.

FIGS. 7a to e show a universal clamping plate 15 according to the invention in various views. The universal clamping plate 15 has two arms

26 are coupled to a cross-beam 27, wherein on the cross-beam

27 a fork adapter 49 is arranged, which can be used for example in Figures 1 and 2 in the upper receptacle 22 of the spring tensioning device 4. The arms 26 are displaceable in the transverse direction Q relative to the cross-beam 27, wherein on the arms 26 each record 25 are arranged for positive engagement in a coil spring, not shown. The receptacles 25 always have a uniform spacing a from the fork adapter 49. Also, the center M of the universal plate 15 according to Figure 6a has a uniform distance b on to a recess 6 of the transverse plate 5. This ensures that a not-shown central longitudinal axis of a spring damper strut or a coil compression spring has the same distance at an upper side and a lower side , thus on the universal clamping plate 15 and the Universal clamping table 14 has the same distance to the spring tensioning device 4 and therefore can not be clamped obliquely.

In order to ensure an exact setting for receiving a helical compression spring with a predetermined diameter also in the transverse direction Q, a scale 50 is likewise arranged on the transverse traverse 27 with which a fine adjustment of the arms 26 in the transverse direction Q can take place. On the arms 26 knurled screws 51 are further arranged, by means of which the arms are non-positively fixed to the cross-beam 27.

The receptacles 25 themselves are also in the direction R25, which is parallel to the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4, independently adjustable independently. For this purpose, a threaded spindle 52 is arranged on the arms 26, wherein the receptacles 25 themselves are guided via a sliding block 53 in a groove according to FIG. 7a in the direction R25. On the sliding block 53, a bolt head 54 is arranged, wherein the receptacles 25 can be arranged rotatably about the bolt head 54 itself.

With the help of the universal clamping plate 15, it is thus possible to detect many different, almost all available on the market helical compression springs of motor vehicles form-fit and above all safe to work and tension in conjunction with the universal clamping table 14 or relax. In particular, by the uniform distance from a central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring with respect to the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4 tilting or incorrect attachment for performing the clamping movement of the spring is excluded.

Figure 8 shows the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention in use with a clamped spring damper strut 57. The spring damper strut 57 itself is received fixed in position with its top plate 58 on the universal clamping table 14 coming to rest. For this purpose, the top plate 58 comes with the receiving shoes 45 coming to rest, the brake arms 46, shown here only on one side, a lower part of the spring 59 by engaging in Fix the spring coil in the direction of the universal clamping table 14. The upper part of the spring is fixed in position by the receptacles 25 of the universal clamping plate 15, wherein the spring 59 was compressed by relative movement R, so that not shown here, from below the universal clamping table 14, a fixing screw 39 on the piston of the strut 57 can be solved and following the damper in removal direction E from the prestressed spring 59 can be removed. After this, a new damper can then be used, coupled with the top plate 58, and then the spring 59 relaxed.

The spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 8 essentially in horizontal alignment, so that ergonomic and at the same time safe operation of an applying mechanic is possible. In particular, the actuator 24 is comfortably reachable on abdomen or hip height of the applying mechanic in this position. However, the spring tensioning device 1 can also be pivoted from the substantially vertical working position in the direction of the rotational movement D by 90 ° about the pivot pin 9. The angle rail 8 is attached to a surface, not shown, for example, on a workbench or on a workshop trolley. The respective locking in the horizontal or vertical working position then takes place via a respective locking knob 10, which then comes into engagement in a recess 1 1 for engagement.

Furthermore, FIGS. 9 a to c show different views of the upper transverse plate 5, which is coupled to the upper receptacle 22 of the spring tensioning device 4. On the transverse plate 5 rollers 60 are arranged, wherein the rollers 60 on the inner circumferential surface 7 of the rail 2 for performing the relative movement R upon adjustment of the upper receptacle 22, thus upon actuation of the spring tensioner 4, roll. Here is a possible friction between the transverse plate 5 and inner circumferential surface 7 of the rail 2 avoided and a Jamming, snagging or noise on actuation of the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention prevented. A force-optimized support of the upper transverse plate 5 and in particular a positive guidance is ensured by the rollers 60. The rollers 60 can be made of metal or even of a plastic itself.

Figures 10a-d show the rail 2, the universal clamping table 14 and the universal clamping plate 15 each with a scale. Figure 10a shows the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention in a plan view from above. On the universal clamping table 14 outside a scale 61 is arranged so that the universal clamping table 14 is rotatable about its center M and respectively the position of the universal clamping table 14 by means of the scale 61 can be set and / or documented. The same applies to the receiving shoes 45. The adjusting yoke 63 also has a scale 64. By way of this, the position of a respective pickup shoe 45 is likewise adjustable and / or documentable. The same applies to the brake arms 46, the adjusting bracket 63 also have a scale 64. Thus, these are also adjustable in particular in the radial direction R37 on the support plate 37, wherein the adjustment can be read for one accurate, can be documented to the other.

FIGS. 10b, c and d respectively show the universal clamping plate 15 in various detail views, wherein it is easy to see that the individual components of the universal clamping plate 15 also have a scale with each other for adjustment. Thus, the cross-beam on a scale 50, with which it is possible to adjust the arms 26 in the transverse direction Q targeted and document their adjustment. When the arms 26 have reached their desired position, it is possible to fix the position in the transverse direction Q on the crosspiece 27 via the knurled screws 28. Also, the receptacles 25 are adjustable relative to the arms 26, in which case again a scale 65 is provided on the arms 26, with which the height position of the respective receptacle 25 is adjustable and / or documented.

In FIG. 10d, it is readily apparent that the profiled rail 2, in particular the legs 18 of the profiled rail 2, also have a scale 66 on at least one side, with which it is possible to determine the respective position of the upper receptacle 22, here shown with the universal clamping plate 15 inserted. adjust. Just by this scale 66, it is possible to read the respective clamping situation of the clamped spring damper leg. Thus, it can be precisely documented from which position a clamping operation of the spring begins and, as it were read, over which way the spring is then stretched further. As a result, in particular the work safety is increased because, for example by a tabular documentation for each type of motor vehicle is precisely readable how much tension travel of the spring is necessary to allow a safe release of the shock absorber leg.

Especially when first clamping a spring shock absorber leg of a newly introduced type of motor vehicle or when first entering a unknown for the user fitter Federdämpferbeins it is thus possible by tabular documentation to give the user the necessary settings in advance, where he this on the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention by the Scales 64, 65, 66, 50 on the rail 2 and / or the universal clamping plate 15 and / or the universal clamping table 14 can set fast and reliable and thus can work with high precision spring shock absorber leg.

Figure 1 1 a to e show an alternative embodiment of a brake arm 46 according to the invention in different views. The brake arm 46 according to Figure 1 1 has for this purpose an L-shaped support body 67, which rests with its underside 68 on the universal clamping table 14, not shown here, thus on the support plate 37. About an engaging in the support plate 37 grooves 41 pin 69 and a pin corresponding to the counter screw 70 is the support body 67 displaceable within the groove 41 and also in the radial direction R37 of the support plate 37 slidably. At the upper end, an arm 71 is pivotally mounted about a pivot axis 72. By adjusting a clamping screw 73, it is possible to move the arm 71 from a middle position shown in FIG. 11a to an upper position shown in FIG. 11b and a lower position shown in FIG. 11c, and thus the spring 59 on the universal clamping table 14 with the help of its top plate 58 position fix. For this purpose, grasps a gripping portion 74 of the arm 71 in the spring coil of the spring 1 and pushes them toward the universal clamping table fourteenth

In Figure 1 1 d and e it can be seen that with the pin 69 a counterpart 75 is connected, which also engages with a counter-pin 76 in the groove 41 of the support disk 37, not shown, so that the arm 71 in the fixing position not out of the spring coil of the spring 59 turns out.

Figures 12a-c show the introduction of the brake arm 46 on the universal clamping table 14 in the spring coil of the spring 59. Thus, the brake arm 46 is in Figure 12a outside the spring coil and it is by rotation about the pin 69 with the help of the counterpart 75 a snap of the Locking pin 76 in the groove 41 of the support plate 37 shown in FIG 12b allows. Subsequently, from Figure 12b to Figure 12c by actuation of the clamping screw 73, a lowering of the gripping portion 74 and a resting on the spring winding of the spring 59 in the direction of the support disk 37 caused. As a result, the top plate 58 is fixed in position on the support disk 37 in the receiving shoes 45.

13a to d show a centering aid 77 for clamping or clamping the spring damper strut 57, in particular for positioning the top plate on the universal clamping table 14. For this purpose, the centering aid 77 has a swivel bracket 78 which is pivotably mounted on the support arms of the universal clamping table 14 about a pivot axis 79 is. Further, a locking pin 80 is provided on at least one side, by means of which the centering 77, in particular the swivel bracket 78 can be locked in the centering position. For this purpose, the centering aid 77 has a centering mandrel 81, on which then the spring damper leg on the support disk 37 can be aligned. In FIG. 13b, the centering aid 77 is pivoted downwards, so that the spring damper leg 57 can be processed by the recess in the support disk 37, for example by loosening the clamping screw 73 on the piston rod of the damper. The centering aid 77 can thus be pivoted out of the required working field.

FIGS. 13c and d each show alternative embodiments of the centering tip 82. The centering tip 82 in FIG. 13c is designed in the form of a dome and in FIG. 13d in the form of an external quadrilateral.

Figures 14 and 15 and 16a and b show an alternative means for receiving the spring damper strut 57 in the spring tensioning device 1 according to the invention. Thus, in turn, the head plate 58 is first centered on the support plate 37 of the universal clamping table 14 and fixed in position by means of the brake arms 46. The then upper part of the spring 59 itself is now not grasped as in the universal clamping plate 15 in the region of the upper receptacle 22 of the spring tensioning device 4, but via a damper tensioning device 83rd

The damper tensioning device 83 is shown in engagement with a spring damper leg 57 in FIG. 14 and in FIG. 15 once again without damper strut. The damper tensioning device 83 is also inserted into the upper receptacle 22 of the spring tensioning device 4. It has a spacer tube 84 which has holes 85 with which a receiving arm 86 and a clamping arm 87 can be coupled in different height positions. The clamping arm 87 itself has two clamping jaws 88, wherein the two clamping jaws 88 in the clamping direction, which runs substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper strut 57, not shown, are movable. For this purpose, the clamping jaws 88 are mounted on slide rails 90 and can by means of a spindle mechanism 91, shown here by Actuation via a hexagon in the clamping direction, be moved so that they surround the spring damper strut 57 outside and firmly clamp.

This is also shown once again in an overall view in FIGS. 16a and 16b from different perspectives. The receiving arm 86 also has a receptacle 92 which may be cup-shaped, for example, and receives a not-shown lower end of the spring damper strut 57. Again, after clamping the spring damper strut 57 according to FIG. 16a, it is possible to carry out a relative movement R of the universal clamping table 14 by actuation of the spring tensioning device 4, thereby tensioning the spring (not shown). In this variant, however, it is then necessary, after releasing the coupling between the spring and the shock absorber leg, first to relax the spring 59 and then to remove the spring and also the shock absorber leg in order to carry out further operations.

REFERENCE CHARACTERS:

1 - spring tensioning device

2 - rail

3- drive

4 - spring tensioning device

5- transverse plate

6- recess to 5

7 - inner lateral surface to 2

8 - angle rail

9- pivot pin

10- snap button

11 - recess

12 - damping means

13- back to 2

14- universal clamping table

15- universal clamping plate

16 - Clamping table holder

17- support plate

18 - thighs

19- Greiffortsatz

20- adapter

21 - lower picture

22 - upper intake

23 adapter extension

24 - actuator

25- recording

26 - arm to 15

27- crossbeam

28 - Knurled screw

29- locking bolt

30- clamping plate - Recording area to 30 - centner slot

- Centering spring

- Support arm

- lower disc - weld

- Abstützscheibe - scale

- Fixing screw clamping piece

- groove

- Clamping unit

- Fixing agent

- Knurled-screw pick-up shoe - Brake arm

- Bremsarmdorn - surface to 14- fork adapter

- scale to 22

- Knurled screw to 26 - threaded spindle nut

- bolt head

- Cross plates

- recesses- spring shock absorber leg - head plate

- Feather

- Role

- scale to 14 - rotary motion

- Adjustment bar to 45 - scale to 63

- scale to 26

- scale to 18

- support body

- Bottom to 67

- cones

- counter screw

- Poor

- Swivel axis

- clamping screw

- Gripping section

- Counterpart

- counter pin

- Centering aid

- Swing bar

- Swivel axis to 78- locking bolt

- Centering pin

- Center point

- Damper tensioning device - Distance pipe

- hole

- Pickup arm

- clamping arm

- Clamping jaw

- clamping direction

- Slide rail

- Spindle mechanism - recording E removal direction

R relative movement

A- axial direction

Q- transverse direction α - angle

M - center

R37 radial direction

H - height

D - rotational movement

R25 direction to 25 a - distance b - distance

Claims

claims

1. spring tensioning device (1) for mounting and / or disassembly of helical compression springs on Federdämpferbeinen (57) for motor vehicles, wherein the spring tensioning device (1) is stationary as a stationary device outside the motor vehicle and has means which engage at least partially in the helical compression spring and means a drive (3) are linearly movable, so that the helical compression spring is tensioned or relaxed, characterized in that the spring tensioning device (1) has a universal clamping plate (15), wherein the universal clamping plate (15) by means of a coupling device with the drive (3) coupled and on the coupling device, a cross-beam (27) is fixed, wherein on the cross-beam (27) two arms (26) are arranged projecting and on each arm (26) has a receptacle (25) is coupled to engage in the helical compression spring, wherein at least a receptacle (25) in the direction of travel of the drive (3) relative to the arm (26) einstellb ar is.

2. Spring tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacle (25) via a spindle drive relative to the arm (26) is adjustable, in particular a scale (65) is arranged on the arm (26), via which the height of the receptacles (25) is determinable relative to the arm (26).

3. Spring tensioning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the arms (26) along the cross-beam (27) are relatively displaceable, wherein the arms (26) via a locking device, in particular thumbscrew (28), on the cross-beam (27) fixed in position are and preferably at least one scale (50) is provided on the cross-beam (27), based on which the position of the arm (26) relative to the crossbar (27) is determinable.

4. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h characterized in that the receptacles (25) are rotatably coupled to the arms (26).

5. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h characterized in that the receptacles (25) have a gripping surface, wherein the gripping surface of the wire diameter of the helical compression spring is cross-inserted into this and at the end of the gripping surface a locking edge is formed.

6. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 5, d a d u r c h characterized in that the coupling device is designed as a fork adapter, wherein the universal clamping plate (15) via the fork adapter to the drive is detachably coupled.

7. spring tensioning device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring tensioning device (1) has a universal clamping table (14) fixed in position on the spring tensioning device (1) fixed and the spring damper leg (57) and / or the top plate (58) of the Spring damper leg (57) on the universal clamping table (14) or the universal clamping table (14) at least partially cross-cutting in the spring tensioning device (1) can be arranged, wherein the spring damper strut (57) or the helical compression spring on holding means on the universal clamping table (14) can be fixed.

8. spring tensioning device according to claim 7, characterized in that the universal clamping table (14) has a round configuration, and in the middle a recess (6), wherein the holding means on the universal clamping table (14) at least partially around the recess (6) of Following curvature are displaced and in the radial direction (R37) oriented towards a center (M) of the recess (6) are displaced.

9. spring tensioning device according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the holding means, the head plate (58) and / or take the spring coil of the helical compression spring at least in sections.

10. spring tensioning device according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that on the universal clamping table (14) at least one brake arm (46) is arranged, wherein the brake arm (46) is rotatably mounted so that it in a relaxation process of the helical compression spring in the Thread is rotatable and engageable.

11. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the universal clamping table (14) via a clamping table receptacle (16) on the spring tensioning device (1) is fixed, wherein the universal clamping table (14) is rotatably mounted on the clamping table receptacle (16) ,

12. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the universal clamping table (14) relative to a clamping direction (89) can be folded down.

13. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that on the universal clamping table (14) or the universal clamping table (14) associated with a centering mandrel (81) is provided, by means of which the spring damper strut (57) on the universal clamping table (14). can be positioned, in particular a spring damper leg (57) with a top plate (58), preferably the centering pin (81) relative to the universal clamping table (14) is pivotally mounted.

14. Federspannvornchtung according to one of claims 1 to 13, d a d u r c h characterized in that the spring tensioning device (1) is designed to be pivotable, so that it is pivotable in a horizontal working position or in a vertical working position.

15. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the spring tensioning device (1) has a profile rail (2), wherein the drive (3) in the rail (2) is arranged, in particular a mobile spring tensioning device (4) arranged in the rail (2), wherein preferably on the rail (2), in particular on a leg (18) of the rail (2), a scale (66) is arranged, wherein on the scale (66) the position of the upper receptacle (22) is determinable relative to the universal clamping table (14).

16. Spring tensioning device according to claim 15, characterized in that an actuating device (24) of the spring tensioning device (4) protrudes from the rail (2), wherein the actuating device (24) is adjustable via actuating means.