DE102012110256B3 - Stationary spring tensioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spring tensioning device (1) for the assembly and / or disassembly of helical compression springs on spring damper legs (57) for motor vehicles. The spring tensioning device (1) can be arranged in a stationary manner as a stationary device outside the motor vehicle and has means which at least partially engage in the helical compression spring and can be moved via a drive. According to the invention, a profile rail (2) is provided, in which a mobile spring tensioning device (4) can be inserted and can be used as a drive for the spring tensioning device (1).

Description

The present invention relates to a spring tensioning device for mounting and / or disassembling helical compression springs on spring shock absorber legs for motor vehicles according to the features in the preamble of patent claim 1.

Motor vehicle wheels are suspended from motor vehicle axles in such a way that they can spring in or rebound to compensate for unevenness on the road surface. For a compression or rebound is realized, motor vehicles usually have on each wheel a spring element and a damper element. In the most widespread design, the spring element consists of a helical compression spring and further preferably, the damper element is integrated into the helical compression spring, so that it is mounted as a spring damper strut in the motor vehicle. For example, such a Mc Pherson strut is constructed.

During assembly, the helical compression spring is already in the damper element under a bias, so that when the motor vehicle is placed on the ground, the motor vehicle springs are subjected to the static wheel load and partially deflect up to half of the available suspension travel. The dynamic wheel loads occurring during the drive are then hit by a respective compression or rebound on the static wheel load or subtracted from this. If the wheel reaches a maximum deflection, so spring deflection limiters are usually provided in the form of rubber buffers, which prevent further damage to the axle components.

As part of the use of the motor vehicle, the axle components, in particular the damper element, which is also known as a shock absorber and is designed, for example, as a hydraulic or gas pressure damper, are subject to high wear, so that a shock absorber or suspension strut needs to be replaced at least once over the useful life of a motor vehicle ,

For this purpose, the motor vehicle is then raised to a working platform and dismantled the complete spring shock absorber leg from the motor vehicle. However, the spring is under a residual bias, which can sometimes be up to several hundred Newton. Thus, the damper element can be separated from the helical compression spring, the helical compression spring must first be biased so that a release of the end stops on the damper element is enabled and then a new damper element is used or the helical compression spring is relaxed so that it has no bias and can be stored safely.

For this purpose, spring tensioning devices are known from the prior art, with which it is possible to tension helical compression springs or to relax. In most cases, such spring tensioning devices have engagement means which at least partially engage in the spring coils and a spindle drive, via which the spring can be further biased to the desired extent.

However, a dismantled spring strut leg weighs several kilograms and must be securely fixed in position during the tensioning process. In workshops, it may therefore happen that, for example, the damper element is clamped in a vise and then a spring tensioning device is attached to the helical compression spring. However, such a procedure is contrary to an increase in occupational safety, on the other hand, the corrosion protection coating of the damper element is damaged, which in turn leads to increased wear of the components.

Therefore, stationary spring tensioning devices are known from the prior art, with which it is possible to fix disassembled spring damper legs in a location independent of the motor vehicle safely and fixed in position and then to carry out the tensioning and relaxing operation on the helical compression spring. For example, such a stationary spring tensioner from the DE 10 2008 047 423 B4 known. However, such a spring tensioning device is particularly space-intensive and due to the complex operation, it brings high acquisition and maintenance costs.

Furthermore, for example, from the US 6,336,625 B1 a spring tensioning device is known in which a spring damper strut can be inserted into a receiving device and then intervened via clamping plates and / or lateral claws in the helical compression spring and this can be tensioned or relaxed.

Furthermore, from the DE 101 09 752 C1 as well as the DE 10 2006 003 284 B3 stationary spring tensioning devices known.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide starting from the prior art, a spring tensioning device that is particularly flexible for a wide range of spring damper legs can be used, the clamping or relaxation process particularly safe in compliance with the regulations for occupational safety feasible and the a low purchase price and low maintenance costs.

The aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention with a spring tensioning device for mounting or dismounting of helical compression springs Spring damper legs for motor vehicles solved according to the features in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The spring tensioning device according to the invention for mounting and / or disassembly of helical compression springs on spring shock absorber legs for motor vehicles is fixedly arranged as a stationary device outside the motor vehicle and has means which are at least partially engaging in the helical compression spring linearly displaceable by means of a drive, so that the helical compression spring tensioned or is relaxing. The spring tensioning device according to the invention is characterized in that it is designed as a profile rail, wherein a commercially available mobile spring tensioning device in the profile rail fixed in position fixable and can be used as a drive of the spring tensioning device, wherein the spring tensioning device can be fixed to a workbench or a tool trolley.

A commercially available mobile spring tensioning device, which has an elongated, in particular piston-like construction and is designed as a spindle drive or else as a hydraulic piston, can therefore be inserted into the profile rail and actuated within the profile rail as a stationary spring tensioning device. For this purpose, particularly in the context of the invention, the clamping plates already used for the mobile spring tensioning device can also be used in the stationary application. A workshop, which decides to use the stationary spring tensioning device, must therefore only buy the rail and a mounting kit for mounting an existing mobile Federspanngeräts and can use any clamping plates that are used for example in different vehicle classes or even different vehicle brands used. If there is no mobile spring tensioning device, the stationary spring tensioning device also offers the possibility to use the drive therein mobile.

Expensive investment costs in a stationary spring tensioning device are thereby avoided and also a complex space requirement, for example, for an additional hydraulic unit, which require known from the prior art spring tensioners, is saved.

Thus, the spring tensioning device according to the invention is particularly inexpensive to produce, since a rail, which has a substantially C-shaped and in particular hat-shaped configuration in cross section is provided, which is coupled to a receiving device, wherein the rail over the receiving device to a workbench or also attachable to a workshop car. The attachment takes place on the work surface or the substrate in particular via a permanent coupling. Particularly preferably, a screw connection is provided here. The substrate is preferably either a surface of a workbench or even a workshop car. Dependent here is whether the surface of the substrate has a horizontally oriented surface. In particular, however, it is important that it is permanently coupled to the spring tensioner, so that a sufficient work safety is given. Optionally, however, it is also conceivable within the scope of the invention for the spring tensioning device to be fastened to the substrate via quick-release fasteners or a coupling adapter.

Within the rail then preferred transverse plates are arranged, which come positively to an inner surface of the rail form the plant and the recorded Federspanngerät embrace the outside form-fitting manner and thereby fix it securely and firmly within the rail. It is possible to mount the spring tensioning device particularly easily and quickly in the stationary spring tensioning device by the open on one side rail, and in the case of the need for mobile use or a defect also again quickly dismantle.

Particularly preferably, the spring tensioning device is designed such that it is coupled with these stationary mounting, for example, on a workbench or on a workshop trolley via a mounting plate.

Further preferably, then, the profile rail relative to the mounting plate is pivotable. In particular, a pivoting takes place from a substantially horizontal position to a substantially vertical position. Depending on the spring shock absorber leg to be processed, it may thus be advantageous, for example, to insert this in a vertical position into the spring tensioning device and then to machine it in a horizontal position or vice versa. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible that the rail relative to the mounting plate by an angle of up to 190 ° is in particular continuously adjustable and in the particular desired optimum working position for a user fitter is pivotal. Preferably, a pivoting movement takes place by 90 °. In the context of the invention, it is also possible to pivot the working position by an angle of substantially 70 ° to 110 °, in particular 80 ° to 100 ° and very particularly preferably by 90 °. Due to possible tolerances in the production or else also absolutely necessary tolerances in the production Operability of the device here tolerance variations of +/- up to 5 ° are also to be considered within the pivoting movement.

For this purpose, a damping means is further arranged on the mounting plate, which is in particular designed as an angle rail. The damping means itself may be formed, for example, in the form of a gas pressure damper, so that a pivoting of the spring tensioning device with only little effort is possible. However, the damping means can also be designed as a rubber buffer, so that when pivoting from a vertical to a horizontal position, too hard impact of the spring tensioning device, in particular in a clamped helical compression spring is avoided. As a result, on the one hand the material and the various attachments of the spring tensioning device is treated gently, on the other hand, an unwanted jumping out of a preloaded helical compression spring from the holding device is avoided by an abrupt stopping at umkippender spring tensioning device.

Further preferably, locking bolts are resiliently mounted on the angle rail, wherein the angle rail is positionally fixed in position via the locking bolts. Thus, when vertically aligned rail a locking pin is inserted into an opening of the rail and held in this due to a spring force. The locking bolt moves opposite to the spring force, the positional fixing of the rail is released and the rail is pivotally mounted about the angle rail, wherein the rail is tilted in a horizontal position. If the angle rail has reached the horizontal position, an engagement of a locking bolt fastened to the angle rail takes place again in the horizontal position, so that it is fixed in position. If the locking bolt is moved counter to a spring force, in turn, the rail is displaceable in a vertical position.

Thus, the actuator of the spring tensioner is operable in the installed state within the rail, this projects in particular out of the rail, wherein the actuator is then adjustable via actuating means. In particular, in a spring tensioning device with spindle drive is an external hexagon against the spring tensioner and according to the invention also with respect to the rail out, for example, with a wrench or with a pneumatic tool can be actuated so that the clamping plates are moved relative to each other by the rotational movement of the spindle and the Clamp or relax the helical compression spring. Here, however, it is also possible within the scope of the invention to set the profiled rail rotated by 180 ° on the angle rail, so that then the outstanding actuating device points upwards in a substantially vertical working position. However, it is regularly considered that the actuating device is pointing downwards in the vertical working position or, in the case of a substantially horizontal working position, in the direction of the applying mechanic and not in the direction of the table surface.

In the case of a hydraulically actuated spring tensioner then hydraulic connections with respect to the rail before or but are easily accessible through the rail through, so that the spring-loaded device used can be coupled to the hydraulic connections. In particular, the hydraulic connections to an opening of the rail out, so that no installation or disassembly of the hydraulic line are required when inserting the spring tensioner in the form of a hydraulic cylinder.

However, a particular advantage of the stationary spring tensioning device is in particular the usability of a mobile spring tensioning device, which is already present in a workshop. Should such a tensioning device not be present, with the purchase of the spring tensioner at the same time a mobile use of it possible, so that you can work both in the stationary spring tensioning device as well as with a mobile spring tensioner at substantially only one-time purchase price of one of the two aforementioned devices ,

For this purpose, recordings are provided on the spring tensioning device, can be used on or in the clamping plates. Depending on the configuration of the helical compression spring, this has different diameters, wire diameters or even thread distances, so that different clamping plates are required for different vehicle classes and in particular for different vehicle manufacturers. With the spring tensioning device according to the invention, it is possible to continue to use these clamping plates, in particular the spring tensioner, so that the clamping plates can be inserted through the opening of the C-shaped and in particular hat-shaped profile of the rail in the spring tensioning device or on this and can be placed in the axial direction are displaceable along the opening. In particular, this process is work-optimized. Especially when first processing a spring damper leg by a user fitter this is associated with a particularly short set-up of the device.

In the context of the invention, the upper transverse plate is also particularly preferably provided for the positive guidance of the spring tensioning device with rotational bodies. In the bodies of revolution in particular, they are roles. The rollers themselves are preferably made of a steel material or alternatively also made of a plastic and mounted rotatably or rollably on the transverse plate. This allows a relative displacement of the upper transverse plate within the rail due to an actuation of the spring tensioning device.

However, the spring tensioning device according to the invention is further expandable with a universal clamping table, wherein the universal clamping table can be fixed to the rail. The universal clamping table is designed in particular as a disk, very particularly preferably as a circular disk with a recess. The spring damper leg is thus at least partially feasible through the recess and then fixed by appropriate fixation on the universal clamping table. In particular, while the top plate of the spring damper strut on the universal clamping table for receiving and engages at least partially with a section through the recess. However, it is also conceivable that the top plate rests only on the universal clamping table. However, it is also possible that the top plate also engages or is guided through the universal clamping table.

The recess of the universal clamping table in this case has a constant distance from the rail on as well as an upper clamping plate or a universal clamping plate described in the further course of the text. This makes it possible to use the spring shock absorber leg always in such a way in the spring tensioning device, that it is oriented largely parallel to the rail and thereby no tilting occurs during the tensioning or relaxation process. In the invention, in particular the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper strut and / or the helical compression spring is arranged to extend substantially oriented in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the profile rail and / or an axial direction of the drive.

On the universal clamping table are rotatable, the circular contour of the universal clamping table following displaceable and movable in the radial direction of the universal clamping means provided with which the spring coils of the helical compression spring or, for example, a top plate, which comes to a dome bearing a Federdämpferbeins to the plant, can be fixed.

In the context of the invention, it is also conceivable that the fixing means are freely displaceable on the universal clamping table and are positionally fixable when reaching a desired position. For example, this is done by a fork-shaped base body of the fixing agent, which surrounds the universal clamping table at the top and bottom. Opposite the fork-shaped body then stands out a corresponding gripping extension, with which the head plate or spring coil can be taken and fixed in position. The bifurcated body can then be fixed in position via a thumbscrew, which is arranged for example on the coming to rest on the underside of the clamping table fork. The fixing agent, which was initially positioned freely on the universal clamping table, is then fixed in position thereon.

Furthermore, particularly preferably, the universal clamping table is coupled to the rail in such a way that it has a clamping table holder, wherein the clamping table holder has at least one transverse plate and the spring clamping device engages through the transverse plate. As a result, the universal clamping table is always positively coupled with the spring tensioner, so that incorrect assembly of the universal clamping table are avoided by the positive penetration of the spring tensioning device of the transverse plate of the clamping table recording. An incorrect assembly of the clamping table holder of the universal clamping table is thus excluded. The universal clamping plate is also rotatably mounted on the clamping table receptacle, so that can be aligned in such a direction to the clamping table not at 90 ° angle axis of the Federdämpferbeins by rotation of the universal clamping table, whereby the axis of the Federdämpferbeins extends substantially parallel to the rail. In the rail itself lies through the arranged in the rail spring tensioner as it were the axial travel to perform the clamping movement.

The clamping table receptacle itself is in turn with a support plate which extends substantially parallel to the rail, supported on this, so that the outer foothills or legs of the hat-shaped profile with the support plate form fit come to rest.

In the context of the invention, however, it is alternatively also possible that the clamping table itself is not supported on the support plate on the legs of the rail, but on the transverse plates, through which the piston rod of the mobile spring tensioning device is guided, is supported. The rail thus essentially serves the positive fixing, the transverse plates serve to support the universal clamping table.

In the context of the invention, a universal clamping plate can be arranged on the receptacle of the spring tensioning device opposite the universal clamping table, wherein the universal clamping plate has two receptacles which at least partially engage in the spring coil of the helical compression spring and in Clamping direction of the spring tensioning device are relatively and independently of each other with respect to the universal clamping plate adjustable. The shots of the universal clamping plate are in particular not adjustable in the direction of the rail, but always have a constant distance to this, so that when properly loaded on the universal clamping table and the receptacles of the universal clamping plate spring damper leg this runs parallel to the clamping direction or the rail, thus There is no jamming or jamming during the tensioning or relaxing process.

In order now to fix a spring damper leg in the spring tensioning device, the top plate is preferably first placed on the universal clamping table and fixed in position on the latter by the fixing means. The position fixation is effected in particular by brake arms, wherein the brake arms protrude relative to the universal clamping table, are guided into the spring coils of the spring for engagement and press the head plate against it by relative movement in the direction of the universal clamping table. In particular, the brake arms are themselves actuated by means of a spindle drive, in which case in turn preferably by means of an external or hexagon socket using a universal hand tool, for example a ring or open-end wrench, the spindle drive can be actuated.

Then, the spring damper leg is aligned by rotating the universal clamping table about the vertical axis of the universal clamping table such that substantially the central axis of the damper strut, most preferably the central longitudinal axis of the spring is oriented parallel to the rail. Subsequently, a region of the spring opposite the universal clamping table is gripped by means of a clamping plate, and the spring is tensioned by actuation of the drive of the spring clamping device. Now, a lock nut can be solved on the piston rod of the shock absorber leg and the shock absorber leg are removed from the tensioned spring. The assembly is then in reverse order.

Further advantages, features, characteristics and aspects of the present invention are part of the following description. Preferred embodiments are shown in the schematic figures. These are for easy understanding of the invention. Show it.

1 a perspective view of a spring tensioning device according to the invention,

2 the spring tensioning device 1 in an exploded view,

3a and b the spring tensioning device 1 in side view and top view,

4a to c an inventive spring tensioning device with commercially available clamping plates in different views,

5 the spring tensioning device 4 in an exploded view,

6a to d a universal clamping table according to the invention in different views,

7a to e a universal clamping plate according to the invention in various views,

8th a spring tensioning device according to the invention with inserted spring shock absorber leg,

9a to c the upper receptacle of the spring tensioning device with rollers,

10a to d the various adjustment options on the spring tensioning device according to the invention with respective scales,

11a to e an alternative embodiment of a brake arm according to the invention for use on a universal clamping table,

12a to c the universal clamping table with the alternative brake arms with a spring damper leg in engagement,

13a to d a centering aid according to the invention on the universal clamping table,

14 an alternative receiving device of the spring damper strut on the upper receptacle,

15 the cradle in a view without spring strut leg and

16a and b the spring tensioning device according to the invention with the alternative receiving device for the strut.

In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar components, even if a repeated description is omitted for reasons of simplicity.

1 shows a spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 in a perspective side view from below, wherein the spring tensioning device 1 is in horizontal working position. The spring tensioning device 1 has a profile rail 2 on, at the relevant the components of the spring tensioning device 1 are fixed. So is inside the profile rail 2 a drive 3 arranged in this embodiment variant by a mobile spring tensioning device 4 that inside the profile rail 2 is positively defined, is formed. These are on the rail 2 transverseplates 5 formed, wherein the spring tensioner 4 positively by recesses 6 in the transverse plates 5 is guided, with the transverse plates 5 on an inner circumferential surface 7 the profile rail 2 are also received positively.

The profile rail 2 itself points to this from the perspective views of 1 and 2 well recognizable Hufförmiges cross-sectional profile, which is open on one side. This makes it possible in particular in a simple manner, both the spring tensioner 4 as well as the respective cross plates 5 in the profile rail 2 to pair. The profile rail 2 is also on an angle rail 8th rotatably mounted. For this purpose, the profile rail 2 with the angle rail 8th via a pivot pin 9 positively coupled, wherein in 1 and 2 illustrated the spring tensioning device 1 is located in a substantially horizontal working position. Furthermore, spring-mounted locking buttons 10 at the angle rail 8th arranged, using the locking buttons 10 a positive position fixing in the horizontal position, but also in a vertical position, not shown, is executable, so that the spring tensioning device 1 , in particular the profile rail 2 with their attachments, during the work process or without unlocking the locking button 10 is not feasible in another position. The snap buttons 10 come here positively in recesses 11 inside the profile rail 2 to the plant. So that the pivoting movement of the rail 2 in the respective horizontal or vertical position is also possible on the angle rail 8th damping means 12 provided, wherein the damping means 12 in the in 3a shown embodiment variant on a back 13 the profile rail 2 come form fit to the plant.

To now a not-shown spring shock absorber leg to the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 form fit to bring, this has a universal clamping table 14 as well as a universal clamping plate 15 on, between which a positive engagement of at least the non-illustrated helical compression spring and / or the Federdämpferbeins takes place.

The universal clamping table 14 is about a clamping table recording 16 with the profile rail 2 coupled. The chuck table pickup 16 has an in 3b illustrated support plate 17 on, on the thighs 18 the hat-shaped rail 2 come form-fitting to the edition. Furthermore, the support plate 17 a gripping process 19 on, by means of an adapter 20 in the profile rail 2 is lockable. The adapter 20 itself is in a lower intake 21 for a clamping plate 30 in the spring tensioner 4 can be used and thus locked as it were the spring tensioner 4 inside the profile rail 2 as well as the universal clamping table 14 also on the rail 2 ,

Well shown here is that opposite the support plate 17 of the universal clamping table 14 transverseplates 55 are arranged projecting. These transverse plates 55 be in the rail 2 introduced such that they laterally on an inner circumferential surface 7 the profile rail 2 come to the plant. The spring tensioner 4 is then through recesses 56 the cross plates 55 pushed, causing the transverse plates 55 in the profile rail 2 be locked. The universal clamping table 14 is then also opposite the spring tensioner 4 locked. By varying the length of the Greiffortsätze 19 It is possible to adjust the relative height of the universal clamping table 14 on the profile rail 2 set so that at maximum extended spring tensioner 4 a corresponding distance between the upper intake 22 and universal clamping table 14 results.

In an upper intake 22 of the spring tensioner 4 then becomes the universal clamping plate 15 with an adapter extension 23 used, in which case a relative movement R of universal clamping plate 15 to universal clamping table 14 in the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4 is possible. So that the spring tensioning device 1 The relative movement R can also perform is an actuator 24 in the form of an in 1 illustrated hexagon over the spring tensioning device 1 formed protruding, so that here a wrench or other actuating means can be attached and by turning the actuator 24 of the spring tensioner 4 the upper intake 22 with the universal clamping plate 15 to execute the relative movement R moves.

So that the universal clamping plate 15 with the helical compression spring, not shown, or the spring damper strut can be brought into positive engagement, this has two opposite receptacles 25 in turn, each in turn parallel to the axial direction A of the spring tensioner 4 are displaceable. This makes it possible to compensate for different inclination angle of the individual spring coils such that a clamping or relaxing movement of the helical compression spring exclusively in the axial direction A is executable. The pictures 25 the universal clamping plate 15 are in turn at arms 26 coupled, with the arms 26 on a crossbeam 27 are fixed. The poor 26 themselves are on the crossbar 27 arranged displaceable in the transverse direction Q. For fixing the position of the arms 26 on the crossbeam Q are knurled screws 28 intended. However, here too Star grip screws or any other non-positive position fixing means are provided. The locking bolt 29 is preferred between the in 5 well-illustrated clamping bar 33 and lower intake 21 performed when the mobile spring tensioner 4 into the profile rail 2 is inserted. This will be the mobile spring tensioner 4 in the profile rail 2 locked.

4a to c show the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 in a perspective view, a side view and a plan view, wherein the spring tensioning device 1 with regard to the profile rail 2 as well as the coupling to an angle rail 8th via a pivot pin 9 an analogous structure to that in the 1 - 3 having. Likewise, as in 4a such as 5 clearly visible, a mobile spring compressor 4 in the profile rail 2 over cross plates 5 arranged in a form-fitting position-fixed manner. This will be from the mobile spring compressor 4 a stationarily usable spring tensioning device 4 , So that the mobile spring compressor 4 in the profile rail 2 is anchored, is a locking bolt 29 intended.

Also, in the 4 and 5 illustrated spring tensioning device 1 an upper one 22 and a lower intake 21 for holding clamping plates 30 on. At the clamping plates 30 it is mainly the chipboard 30 , the at the commercial, mobile spring compressor 4 already in use. Due to the opening of the one-sided open rail 2 is it possible that the clamping plates 30 in the upper 22 and lower intake 21 of the spring tensioner 4 a relative movement R in the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4 perform, creating a helical compression spring, not shown between the clamping plates 30 This is tensionable or relaxing. Preferably, only the clamping plate leads 30 in the upper picture 22 a relative movement R out.

Also, again, is an actuator 24 of the spring tensioner 4 over a lower cross plate 5 the spring tensioning device 1 formed overhanging. In 4c It is clear that the clamping plates 30 in their receiving area 31 an angle-shaped course with an angle α, wherein the angle α of the respective spring coil of the helical compression spring, not shown, is following. In the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 according to the execution in the 4 and 5 can thus all existing chipboard 30 of the mobile spring tensioner 4 continue to be used. Different clamping plates are necessary, for example, in the processing of Federdämpferbeinen different vehicle classes and in particular different car manufacturers.

The universal clamping table according to the invention 14 is also in 6a to d shown in different views. So shows 6a a bottom view, 6b a top view, 6c a side sectional view along the section line AA 6b and 6d shows a back view. The universal clamping table according to the invention 14 is about the chuck table pickup 16 on the profile rail, not shown 2 the spring tensioning device 1 positively coupled. These are transverse plates 5 on the support plate 17 mounted, with the transverse plates 5 one recess each 6 have, through which the spring tensioner, not shown 4 to be led. The transverse plate 5 according to 6b also has a centering slot 32 on, in the form-fitting the example in 5 shown clamping bar 33 of the spring tensioner 4 feasible and form-fitting in this comes to the plant.

At the support plate 17 themselves are support arms 34 coupled, on which a lower disc 35 of the universal clamping table 14 , shown here via a weld 36 , is coupled. However, it is also conceivable, the disc 35 with the support arms 34 via screws to couple. The lower disc 35 is thus fixed in position immovable on the support arms 34 coupled. On the lower disc 35 lies positively and rotatably on a support disk 37 around a center M of the chuck table 16 opposite the lower disc 35 is rotatably mounted. On the outer edge is a scale 38 , which is divided in particular over a course of 0 to 360 °, with the position of the support disk 37 is rotatable in a predefined position. So that the support disk 37 not unintentionally on the lower disc 35 twisted, is also a fixing screw 39 provided, which has a clamping piece 40 another turn of the support disk 37 on the lower disk 35 prevented.

The support disk 37 also has grooves 41 on, which have a curved course and the radius of the support disk 37 are formed following. In the grooves 41 adjustable clamping units 42 arranged, with the clamping units 42 along the arcuate course of the grooves 41 let move. At the clamping units 42 themselves are fixatives 43 provided in the radial direction R37 of the support disk 37 are relatively movable. Again, there are knurled screws 44 provided to the fixative 43 likewise position-locking fix. The fixative 43 even have a pick-up shoe 45 on, with the pick-up shoe 45 is configured so that it can accommodate a non-illustrated head plate of a Federdämpferbeins for positive contact with the plant in a spring strut or a spring coil.

Furthermore, in particular according to 6b to d clearly recognizable brake arms 46 arranged, with the brake arms 46 each about a Bremsarmdorn 47 are rotatably mounted. It is thus a rotational movement of the brake arm 46 around the Bremsarmdorn 47 possible, so that a boom of the brake arm 46 in a spring coil of a helical compression spring not shown on the universal clamping table 14 is pivotable to this then form-fitting on a surface 48 of the universal clamping table 14 store and / or when jumping off the clamping plates 30 from a cushioning or jumping off of the helical compression spring from the surface 48 of the universal clamping table 14 to prevent. The brake arms 46 are in height H relocatable on the Bremsarmdorn 47 stored.

7a to e show a universal clamping plate according to the invention 15 in different views. The universal clamping plate 15 has two arms 26 on, with a crossbeam 27 are coupled, wherein on the cross-beam 27 a fork adapter 49 is arranged, for example, in the 1 and 2 in the upper intake 22 of the spring tensioner 4 can be used. The poor 26 are in the transverse direction Q relative to the cross-beam 27 slidable, taking on the arms 26 each recordings 25 are arranged for positive engagement in a coil spring, not shown. The pictures 25 point to the fork adapter 49 always at a uniform distance a. Also the center M of the universal plate 15 according to 6a has a uniform distance b on to a recess 6 the transverse plate 5 , This ensures that a center longitudinal axis, not shown, of a spring damper strut or else of a helical compression spring has the same distance on an upper side and a lower side, thus on the universal platen 15 and the universal clamping table 14 the same distance to the spring tensioner 4 and therefore can not be clamped wrong.

This is also in the transverse direction Q ensures an exact setting for receiving a coil spring with a given diameter, is also a scale 50 on the crossbeam 27 arranged, with a fine adjustment of the arms 26 in the transverse direction Q can take place. On the arms 26 are also knurled screws 51 arranged by means of which the arms frictionally to the crossbeam 27 are position fixable.

The pictures 25 themselves are also in the direction R25, which are parallel to the axial direction A of the spring tensioner 4 runs independently adjustable individually. For this purpose, a threaded spindle 52 on the arms 26 arranged, taking pictures 25 himself on a nut 53 in a groove according to 7a are guided in the direction R25. On the nut 53 is a bolt head 54 arranged, taking pictures 25 itself rotatable about the bolt head 54 can be arranged.

With the help of the universal clamping plate 15 It is thus possible to capture many different, almost all existing on the market helical compression springs of motor vehicles form-fitting and above all work safe and in interaction with the universal clamping table 14 to relax or to relax. In particular, by the uniform distance from a central longitudinal axis of the helical compression spring with respect to the axial direction A of the spring tensioning device 4 tilting or incorrect attachment to perform the clamping movement of the spring is excluded.

8th shows the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 in use with a clamped spring shock absorber leg 57 , The spring damper leg 57 himself is present with his head plate 58 on the universal table 14 Coming fixed to the edition. This is the top plate 58 with the pickup shoes 45 Coming to the plant, the brake arms 46 , here shown on one side only, a lower part of the spring 59 by engagement in the spring coil towards the universal clamping table 14 location fix. The upper part of the spring is through the shots 25 the universal clamping plate 15 fixed in position, whereby by relative movement R, the spring 59 was compressed, so not shown here, from below the universal clamping table 14 a fixing screw 39 on the piston of the shock absorber leg 57 can be solved and then the damper in removal direction E from the preloaded spring 59 can be removed. After that, then a new damper can be used, with the top plate 58 be coupled and then the spring 59 to be relaxed.

The spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 is located in 8th shown essentially in a horizontal orientation, so that an ergonomic and at the same time safe working of an applying mechanic is possible. In particular, the actuator 24 is easily accessible at the abdomen or hip height of the user in this position. The spring tensioning device 1 However, can also from the substantially vertical working position in the direction of rotation D by 90 ° about the pivot pin 9 be panned. The angle rail 8th is attached to a surface, not shown, for example, on a workbench or on a workshop car. The respective locking in the horizontal or vertical working position then takes place via a respective locking button 10 , which then enters a recess 11 comes to the intervention.

Further show 9a to c different views of the upper cross plate 5 that with the upper intake 22 of the spring tensioning device 4 is coupled. At the cross plate 5 are roles 60 arranged, with the rollers 60 on the inner circumferential surface 7 the profile rail 2 for performing the relative movement R when adjusting the upper receptacle 22 , thus upon actuation of the spring-tensioning device 4 , unwind. Here is a possible friction between transverse plate 5 and inner surface 7 the profile rail 2 avoided and jamming, snagging or noise when operating the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 prevented. A power-optimized support of the upper transverse plate 5 and in particular a positive guide is through the rollers 60 guaranteed. The roles 60 can be made of metal or even of a plastic itself.

10a to d show the rail 2 , the universal table 14 and the universal clamping plate 15 each with a scale. 10a shows the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 in a top view from above. You can see the angle rail 8th as well as the profile rail 2 with inserted spring tensioner 4 , On the universal clamping table 14 Outside is a scale 61 arranged so that the universal clamping table 14 is rotatable about its center M and in each case the position of the universal clamping table 14 with the help of the scale 61 can be set and / or documented. The same applies to the shots 45 , Also their adjustment 63 has a scale 64 on. This is also the position of a respective pick-up shoe 45 adjustable and / or documentable. The same applies to the brake arms 46 , whose adjustment bar 63 also a scale 64 exhibit. Thus, these are also on the support disk, in particular in the radial direction R37 37 adjustable, with their adjustment can be read on the one hand, on the other can be documented.

10b , c and d each show the universal clamping plate 15 in various detail views, where it is easy to see that the individual components of the universal clamping plate 15 each also have a scale for each setting. Thus, the cross-beam has a scale 50 on, with which it is possible the arms 26 in the transverse direction Q targeted to adjust and document their adjustment. Have the arms 26 reached its desired position, it is possible over the thumbscrews 28 the position in transverse direction Q on the crossbeam 27 lagezufixieren. Also the recordings 25 are relative to the poor 26 adjustable, here again a scale 65 on the arms 26 is provided, with the height position of the respective recording 25 is adjustable and / or documented.

In 10d is well recognizable that even the rail 2 , especially the thighs 18 the profile rail 2 on at least one side a scale 66 with which it is possible, the respective position of the upper receptacle 22 , shown here with inserted universal clamping plate 15 to adjust. Straight through this scale 66 makes it possible to read the respective clamping situation of the clamped spring shock absorber leg. Thus, it can be precisely documented from which position a clamping operation of the spring begins and, as it were read, over which way the spring is then stretched further. As a result, in particular the work safety is increased because, for example by a tabular documentation for each type of motor vehicle is precisely readable how much tension travel of the spring is necessary to allow a safe release of the shock absorber leg.

Especially when first clamping a spring shock absorber leg of a newly introduced type of motor vehicle or when first entering a unknown for the user fitter Federdämpferbeins it is thus possible by tabular documentation to give the user the necessary settings in advance, where he this on the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 through the scales 64 . 65 . 66 . 50 on the profile rail 2 and / or the universal clamping plate 15 and / or the universal clamping table 14 can adjust quickly and reliably and thus can work with high precision, the spring shock absorber leg.

11a to e show an alternative embodiment of a brake arm according to the invention 46 in different views. The brake arm 46 according to 11 has for this purpose an L-shaped support body 67 on that with his bottom 68 on the universal clamping table, not shown here 14 , hence on the support disk 37 rests. About one on in the support disk 37 existing grooves 41 engaging pin 69 and a corresponding to the pin counter screw 70 is the support body 67 inside the groove 41 displaceable and also in the radial direction R37 of the support disk 37 displaceable. At the top is an arm 71 pivotable about a pivot axis 72 arranged. By adjusting a clamping screw 73 is it possible for the arm 71 from one in 11a shown middle position in an in 11b illustrated upper position and in an in 11c to shift shown lower position and thus the spring 59 on the universal table 14 with the help of her head plate 58 lagezufixieren. This is summarized by a gripping section 74 of the arm 71 in the spring coil of the spring 1 and push these toward the universal clamping table 14 ,

In 11d and e can be seen that with the pin 69 a counterpart 75 is connected, which also with a counter-pin 76 in the groove, not shown 41 the support disk 37 engages, leaving the arm 71 in the fixing position not from the spring coil of the spring 59 unscrewing.

12a to c show the insertion of the brake arm 46 on the universal table 14 in the spring coil of the spring 59 , So is the brake arm 46 in 12a outside the spring coil and it is rotated by the pin 69 with the help of the counter piece 75 a latching of the counterbolt 76 in the groove 41 the support disk 37 according to 12b allows. Following this is by 12b to 12c by actuating the clamping screw 73 a lowering of the gripping portion 74 and resting on the spring coil of the spring 59 towards the support disk 37 caused. This will make the top plate 58 on the support disk 37 in the slippers 45 fixed in position.

13a to d show a centering aid 77 for clamping or clamping of the spring damper leg 57 , in particular for positioning the top plate on the universal clamping table 14 , For this purpose, the centering aid 77 a swivel bracket 78 On, the at the support arms of the universal clamping table 14 around a pivot axis 79 is pivotally mounted. Furthermore, on at least one side is a locking pin 80 provided by means of which the centering aid 77 , in particular the swivel bracket 78 can be locked in the centering position. For this purpose, the centering aid 77 a centering pin 81 on, then on the spring shock absorber leg on the support disk 37 is alignable. In 13b is the centering aid 77 pivoted down so that through the recess in the support disk 37 the spring shock absorber leg 57 for example, by loosening the clamping screw 73 can be processed on the piston rod of the damper. The centering aid 77 So it can be swiveled out of the required working area.

13c and d each show alternative embodiments of the center point 82 , That's the center point 82 in 13c formed in the form of a dome and at 13d in the form of an outer quadrilateral.

14 and 15 such as 16a and b show an alternative receptacle for the spring damper leg 57 in the spring tensioning device according to the invention 1 , So first, again, the headstock 58 on the support disk 37 of the universal clamping table 14 centered and by means of the brake arms 46 fixed on this position. The then upper part of the spring 59 itself is not now like the universal clamping plate 15 in the area of the upper intake 22 of the spring tensioning device 4 but via a damper tensioning device 83 ,

The damper tensioning device 83 is with a spring shock absorber leg 57 in 14 shown in engagement and in 15 once again without strut. The damper tensioning device 83 is also in the upper intake 22 of the spring tensioning device 4 plugged in. She has a spacer 84 on what about holes 85 equipped with a pickup arm 86 and a tension arm 87 can be coupled in different height positions. The tension arm 87 itself has two jaws 88 where the two jaws 88 in the clamping direction, which is substantially perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the spring damper leg, not shown 57 runs, are movable. These are the jaws 88 on slide rails 90 stored and can by means of a Spindelmechanismusses 91 , shown here by actuation via a hexagon in the clamping direction, are moved so that they are the spring damper leg 57 embrace the outside and firmly clamp.

Also shown is this again in overall view in the 16a and 16b from different perspectives. The pickup arm 86 also has a picture 92 on, which may be cup-shaped, for example, and a not-shown lower end of the spring damper leg 57 receives. Again, it is again after clamping the spring damper leg 57 according to in 16a well represented possible, a relative movement R of the universal clamping table 14 by operation of the spring-tensioning device 4 execute and thereby tension the spring, not shown. In this variant, however, it is necessary, after releasing the coupling between the spring and strut, the spring 59 first to relax again and then remove the spring and the shock absorber leg to perform further operations can.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Spring tensioner

2

rail

3

drive

4

 Spring Compressor

5

transverse plate

6

Recess too 5

7

Inner jacket surface too 2

8th

angle rail

9

pivot pin

10

catch button

11

recess

12

damping means

13

Back to 2

14

Universal clamping table

15

Universal clamping plate

16

Clamping table recording

17

support plate

18

leg

19

Griffin extension

20

adapter

21

lower picture

22

upper intake

23

Adapter extension

24

actuator

25

admission

26

Arm too 15

27

crossbeam

28

thumbscrew

29

locking bolt

30

chipboard

31

Receiving area too 30

32

centering

33

clamping bar

34

support arm

35

lower disc

36

Weld

37

support disk

38

scale

39

fixing screw

40

clamp

41

groove

42

terminal unit

43

fixer

44

thumbscrew

45

pick-up shoe

46

brake arm

47

Bremsarmdorn

48

Surface too 14

49

fork adapter

50

Scale too 27

51

Knurled screw too 26

52

screw

53

sliding block

54

bolt head

55

transverseplates

56

recesses

57

Spring damper strut

58

headstock

59

feather

60

role

61

Scale too 14

62

rotary motion

63

Adjustment bar too 45

64

Scale too 63

65

Scale too 26

66

Scale too 18

67

support body

68

Bottom to 67

69

spigot

70

lock screw

71

poor

72

swivel axis

73

clamping screw

74

cross section

75

counter-piece

76

lock pin

77

centering

78

swivel bracket

79

Swivel axis too 78

80

locking pin

81

centering

82

centering

83

Damper clamp

84

spacer tube

85

hole

86

pickup

87

clamping arm

88

jaw

89

tensioning direction

90

slide

91

screw mechanism

92

admission

e

removal direction

R

relative movement

A

axially

Q

transversely

α

angle

M

Focus

R37

radial direction

H

height

D

rotary motion

R25

Direction to 25

a

distance

b

distance

Claims (14)

Spring tensioning device ( 1 ) for mounting and / or dismounting helical compression springs on spring damper legs ( 57 ) for motor vehicles, wherein the spring tensioning device ( 1 ) is stationary as a stationary device outside the motor vehicle and having means which engage at least partially in the helical compression spring and are linearly movable by means of a drive, so that the helical compression spring is tensioned or relaxed, characterized in that the spring tensioning device ( 1 ) a profile rail ( 2 ), wherein a mobile spring tensioning device ( 4 ) positively fixed in position in the rail ( 2 ) and as drive ( 3 ) of the spring tensioning device ( 1 ) is usable, wherein the spring tensioning device ( 1 ) can be fixed to a workbench or a tool trolley. Spring tensioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile rail ( 2 ) is pivotable relative to a mounting plate from a home position, preferably 90 degrees. Spring tensioning device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the mounting plate is an angle rail ( 8th ), whereby the angle rail ( 8th ) is fixed to a workbench or a tool trolley fixed. Spring tensioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle rail ( 8th ) a damping means ( 12 ), wherein the Damping means ( 12 ) during the pivoting process and / or upon reaching a desired end position of the rail ( 2 ) dampens the pivoting movement. Spring tensioning device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that locking bolts ( 10 ) on the angle rail ( 8th ) are resiliently mounted, wherein the profile rail ( 2 ) via the locking bolts ( 10 ) is fixable in position, in particular in a vertical position and in a horizontal position. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the rail ( 2 ) Cross plates ( 5 ) are arranged, wherein the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) from the transverse plates ( 5 ) is surrounded on the outside and the transverse plates ( 5 ) within the profile rail ( 2 ) come to the positive attachment. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an actuating device ( 24 ) of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) from the profile rail ( 2 protruding), wherein the actuating device ( 24 ) is adjustable via actuating means. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profile rail ( 2 ) in cross section has a C-shaped, in particular a hat-shaped contour, wherein a threaded spindle ( 52 ) or a reciprocating piston of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) within the profile rail ( 2 ) runs. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that clamping plates ( 30 ) of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) in the profile rail ( 2 ) on recordings intended for this purpose ( 21 . 22 ) of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) are attachable, wherein the clamping plates ( 30 ) within the profile rail ( 2 ) are relatively movable for tensioning or relaxing the helical compression spring. Spring tensioning device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a universal clamping table ( 14 ) on the rail ( 2 ), wherein a spring shock absorber leg ( 57 ) by the universal clamping table ( 14 ) and by clamping devices on the universal clamping table ( 14 ) is determinable. Spring tensioning device according to claim 10, characterized in that the universal clamping table ( 14 ) a clamping table holder ( 16 ), wherein the clamping table holder ( 16 ) at least one transverse plate ( 55 ) and the spring tensioner ( 4 ) the transverse plate ( 55 ). Spring tensioning device according to claim 11, characterized in that the clamping table receptacle ( 16 ) with a support plate ( 17 ) on the thighs ( 18 ) of the hat-shaped profile rail ( 2 ) coming to the plant is supportable. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the universal clamping table ( 14 ) a centering aid ( 77 ), wherein the centering aid ( 77 ) preferably via a swivel bracket ( 78 ) is folded down relative to the universal clamping table. Spring tensioning device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a universal clamping plate ( 15 ) at the universal clamping table ( 14 ) opposite receptacle ( 22 ) of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ), wherein the universal clamping plate ( 15 ) two shots ( 25 ), which at least partially engage in the spring coil of the helical compression spring and in the clamping direction of the spring tensioning device ( 4 ) relative and independent of each other relative to the universal clamping plate ( 15 ) are adjustable.

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