EP2910854B1 - Flue gas valve device - Google Patents
Flue gas valve device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2910854B1 EP2910854B1 EP15000485.1A EP15000485A EP2910854B1 EP 2910854 B1 EP2910854 B1 EP 2910854B1 EP 15000485 A EP15000485 A EP 15000485A EP 2910854 B1 EP2910854 B1 EP 2910854B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- gas valve
- operating position
- flue
- holding device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 158
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 152
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000007829 Haematoxylum campechianum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
- F23M11/02—Preventing emission of flames or hot gases, or admission of air, through working or charging apertures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/08—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion in the presence of catalytic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L11/00—Arrangements of valves or dampers after the fire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
- F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
- F24B1/189—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers
- F24B1/1895—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by air-handling means, i.e. of combustion-air, heated-air, or flue-gases, e.g. draught control dampers flue-gas control dampers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
- F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/20—Controlling one or more bypass conduits
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a flue gas valve device as well as to a heater for combustion of biomass with such Rauchgasklappenein direction.
- heaters such as e.g. Stoves which use biomass as fuel, e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like.
- biomass e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like.
- Such heaters usually have at least one firebox that is accessible via a firebox door and through which fuel can be introduced into the firebox.
- EP 0 037 281 A2 further discloses a catalytic insert for a furnace.
- the catalytic insert is arranged in a tube outside a furnace.
- the insert is rotatably supported about an axis so that either flue gas is passed through the insert or past it.
- the insert can be turned by pressing a handle.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved flue gas valve device and a heater with such a flue gas flap device available.
- the present invention provides a flue gas valve device according to the subject-matter of independent claim 1.
- the present invention provides a heating device for burning biomass with a combustion chamber and a flue gas valve device according to the first aspect.
- FIG. 1 to 3 An embodiment of a flue gas flap device 1 according to the present invention is illustrated. Before a detailed description follows first general explanations to the embodiments.
- excessive flue gas evolution can also occur during firing, when flue gases occur in a cold chimney, a small flue draft, higher pressure drop due to a filter or catalyst insert through which the flue gas flows from the furnace, and the like.
- the excessive generation of smoke can be found especially in the operation of the heater with a particulate matter filter e.g. a filter / catalyst have a negative effect, since the catalytic effect of a filter / catalyst begins only at a high temperature level and the openings of the filter / catalyst at a lower temperature soot much faster.
- the invention relates to a flue gas valve device comprising a flue damper, a rotatable shaft and a holding device.
- the flue damper is connected to the shaft.
- the flue gas flap device is designed so that the holding device holds the flue gas flap in a closed operating position against gravity and that the holding device can release the flue gas flap, so that the flue gas flap is moved by gravity into an open operating position.
- the flue gas flap falls due to its own weight from the closed operating position to the open operating position, wherein it rotates together with the rotatable shaft about the axis of rotation of the rotatable shaft.
- the flue damper can be biased by a spring which controls the movement from the closed operating position to the open operating position supports and, for example, also overcomes any sticking of the flap in the closed operating position due to soot formation in the combustion chamber.
- the flue gas flap may be connected with its longitudinal side with the rotatable shaft, but it may also be connected at one of its flat sides with the rotatable shaft.
- the flue gas valve device is inventively provided in a heater for burning biomass as a solid fuel, such as (log) wood, wood chips, pellets or the like. It can open or close a bypass, are derived by the flue gases directly into a fireplace to which the heater is connected.
- a flue gas outlet can be avoided or at least reduced during a Brennstoffnach Stahlllgangs with open firebox door.
- the holding device can be designed mechanically and / or electrically releasable to release the flue gas flap.
- the triggering of the holding device can also be coupled with the opening of a furnace door of the heater.
- the holding device When configured for electrical release, the holding device may include an electromagnet, such as an electromagnet.
- the electromagnet generates a magnetic field during operation which is designed to hold the flue damper in the closed operating position.
- the flue damper may have a metallic or magnetic portion which is in contact with the electromagnet when the flue damper is in the closed operating position. Is or is the electromagnet de-energized, so the holding device releases the flue damper so that it falls by itself from the closed operating position to the open operating position. This ensures safe burning in a heating device even in the event of a power failure, since the open operating position of the flue gas outlet is significantly improved.
- the holding device can have a spring-biased lock.
- the flue damper can then be configured accordingly to engage in the spring-biased latch, for example by means of a hook or bolt, in the closed operating position.
- the holding device can release the flue gas flap by releasing the hook, the bolt or the like.
- the flue-gas flap device further comprises a drive which is adapted to move the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position.
- the drive is designed to be electrically operable and can e.g. comprise an electric motor.
- the drive can be coupled via a mechanical coupling with the rotatable shaft.
- the drive itself may have a drive shaft so that the mechanical coupling couples the drive shaft and the rotatable shaft together.
- the drive or the drive shaft is not rigidly coupled to the rotatable shaft in some embodiments.
- the mechanical coupling may be configured to decouple the drive from the rotatable shaft when the flue damper is in the closed operating position. As a result, the drive can be moved back to a starting position so that it is ready for use again. In addition, the flue damper can be moved back from its open operating position to its closed operating position.
- the drive may in some embodiments be designed to be rotatable only in one direction and thus drive the rotatable shaft in one direction only.
- the mechanical coupling is then designed such that it as long as the. Drive with the rotatable shaft coupled until the flue damper is moved from its open operating position to the closed operating position. Then, the mechanical coupling decouples the rotatable shaft from the drive or from its drive shaft and the drive can be further rotated in its fixed direction until it is back in its starting position, in which the mechanical coupling again the drive or its drive shaft with the rotatable Wave couples.
- the drive can also be designed in other embodiments that it is rotatable in two directions.
- the drive or a controller operating the drive detects that the flue damper is in the closed operating position and stops the drive. Thereafter, the drive is moved back to its initial position in which he is able to move the flue damper back from the open to the closed operating position.
- the mechanical coupling can decouple the drive or its drive shaft of the rotatable shaft until the drive is back in the starting position.
- the retainer retains it, as described above, e.g. the solenoid is operated, a hook, bolts or the like engages in the spring-biased lock or another locking means that holds the flue damper.
- the flue gas flap device comprises a controller. This is preferably configured to control the drive after a predetermined period of time in such a way that it moves the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position.
- the controller may include a microprocessor configured to perform the steps described herein and a volatile and / or read-only memory for storing data, such as the predetermined amount of time.
- control activates the drive after the predetermined period of time to move the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position, it can not be forgotten to close the flue-gas flap again.
- the flue gas flap can also be driven by a drive designed as a servomotor with a return member, which can be biased for example with a spring or hydraulically and, for example, can be configured as a spring return.
- a drive designed as a servomotor with a return member, which can be biased for example with a spring or hydraulically and, for example, can be configured as a spring return.
- the flue damper opens opened by the return member (spring return) or by the force exerted due to the bias force.
- the return member and / or the servomotor is configured accordingly such that it can bring the flue damper into the open position even if the actuator is not decoupled, ie the return member rotates the flue damper together with the non-mechanical decoupled actuator in the open operating position.
- the flue-gas flap has a filter insert which is set up to filter pollutants from flue gas flowing through it and / or to catalytically oxidize it. Flue gas flows through the filter element when the flue damper is in the closed operating position, but not in the open operating position.
- the predetermined temperature may correspond to an operating temperature of a catalyst material in the filter cartridge. Accordingly, it is possible to move the flue gas flap into the closed operating position only when the flue gas has reached the predetermined temperature and so pollutants or combustion residues in the flue gas can be oxidized by the catalyst material.
- a temperature sensor is provided which determines the flue gas temperature and, for example, transmitted to the control described above, which controls the electric drive when a predetermined temperature threshold is exceeded and moves the flue damper in the closed operating position.
- an operating element is further provided, which is designed such that by releasing the operating element, the holding device releases the flue gas flap.
- the control element can be designed mechanically and / or electrically and cause mechanically and / or electrically that the 'holding device releases the flue gas flap.
- the control element may be designed as a lever or the like and mechanically coupled to the holding device, so that a mechanical actuation of the operating element actuates the holding device accordingly.
- the control element can also be designed as an electrical switch which generates an electrical signal when actuated, the the holding device and / or is transmitted to a controller and causes the holding device accordingly to release the flue gas flap.
- the flue damper is biased in the closed operating position, for example by a spring or hydraulically, to assist movement to the open operating position.
- the flue damper can be released by the force exerted by the biasing force.
- the invention also relates to a heating device for burning biomass with a combustion chamber and a flue gas flap device, as described above.
- the heater may be configured as a log wood stove, stove, pellet stove, wood boiler, or the like.
- the heater is configured for the burning of solid fuel, wherein the fuel, as stated above, consists of biomass.
- the heater has a firebox door through which the firebox is filled with solid fuel and / or through which the firebox is cleaned.
- the heater also has an automatic fuel supply and the firebox door is opened, for example, only for cleaning for the maintenance and / or lighting of fuel.
- the heating device, the flue-gas flap device or the holding device can be set up to release the flue-gas flap in the closed operating position when a furnace door of the firebox is opened.
- This can be carried out mechanically and / or electrically.
- a control element configured as a lever or the like can be actuated by opening the firebox door, which in turn actuates the holding device and releases the flue-gas flap.
- a switch which generates a signal when opening the firebox door and transmitted to the control described above, which in turn operates the holding device so that it releases the flue by, for example, the current electromagnets switched off.
- the signal can also be generated by operating the operating element.
- the flue gas flap device 1 has a flue gas flap 2, which is connected to a rotatable shaft 3.
- the rotatable shaft 3 is mounted on two bearing blocks 4a and 4b.
- the rotatable shaft 3 is coupled via a mechanical coupling 6 to a drive shaft 5 of an electrically operable drive 7.
- the drive 7 has an electric motor which is coupled to the drive shaft 5 and drives them.
- the flue gas flap 2 can be a closed operating position, the in Fig. 2a is illustrated, and an open operating position, in Fig. 2b is illustrated, take.
- the flue-gas flap device 1 In order to hold the flue-gas flap 2 in the closed operating position, the flue-gas flap device 1 has a holding device 8 which is designed as an electro-adhesive magnet and is arranged above the flue-gas flap 2 in the closed operating position.
- the holding device 8 generates a magnetic field and thereby holds the flue gas flap 2 in the closed operating position.
- the flue gas flap 2 In the closed operating position, the flue gas flap 2 extends horizontally in the present embodiment, while in other embodiments, it can also extend at an angle to the earth's surface. However, in the closed operating position, the flue gas flap 2 does not run perpendicular to the earth's surface, since otherwise it can not be moved by gravity into the open operating position.
- the flue gas flap 2 is metallic and magnetic at least in the area in which the holding device 8 holds the flue gas flap 2 in the closed operating position.
- the holding device 8 releases the flue gas flap 2 by switching the electromagnet magnetless, the flue gas flap 2 by its own weight and gravity acting on it can fall down, being due to the connection with the rotatable shaft 3, a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis or Rotary axis of the rotatable shaft 3 executes, the rotational movement of the in the Fig. 2a and 2b illustrated flue gas flap 2 is a clockwise movement.
- the flue gas flap 2 in an open operating position, which leads in the embodiment illustrated here to a vertical position of the flue gas flap 2.
- the flue damper 2 may also be in an open operating position with the flue damper 2 not in the vertical position.
- the mechanical coupling 6 is here designed such that it decouples the rotatable shaft 3 from the drive shaft 5 of the drive 7 when the flue gas flap 2 is in the closed operating position and is held by the holding device 8. Accordingly, the rotatable shaft 3 is freely rotatable, so that the flue gas flap 2 can rotate freely from the closed operating position to the open operating position by rotation of the rotatable shaft 3 when released from the holding device 8.
- the drive 7 drives the drive shaft 5, the mechanical coupling 6 coupling the drive shaft 5 to the rotatable shaft 3.
- the drive 7, the rotatable shaft 3 and thus the flue gas flap 2 - turn counterclockwise here - back to the closed operating position.
- the holding device 8 is operated by supplying the electromagnetic-pressure magnet so that it retains the flue-gas flap 2.
- the mechanical coupling 6 decoupled in this position, the drive shaft 5 of the rotatable shaft 3.
- the drive 7 then rotates the drive shaft 5 in the starting position by turning the drive shaft 5 in the opposite direction back to the starting position.
- the flue gas flap 2 can thus be released again by the holding device 8 and move from the closed operating position to the open operating position.
- the drive shaft 5 is again coupled to the rotatable shaft 3 through the mechanical coupling 6.
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment, according to which the flue gas flap 2 has a filter cartridge 2a, which is held by a filter enclosure 2b.
- the filter element 2a is provided here with a catalytic material which oxidizes combustion residues from a predetermined operating temperature and thus supports their combustion.
- An embodiment of a heater 20, which is exemplified here as a log stove, has a housing 21 in which a combustion chamber 22 is arranged, as it Fig. 4 purely schematically illustrated.
- the flue gas flap device 1 is arranged so that the flue gas flap 2 with integrated filter element 2a sits in front of a flue connection 23 designed as a stovepipe, so that flue gas which arises during combustion of firewood in the combustion chamber 22 flows through the filter element 2a when the flue gas flows Flue gas flap 2 in the in Fig. 4 shown closed operating position.
- the flue gas flap 2 can be brought from the closed operating position to the open operating position, as in Fig. 2b is illustrated, when the holding device 8, which is arranged above the flue gas flap 2, the flue gas flap 2 releases.
- the filter element 2a is no longer traversed by flue gas when the flue gas flap 2 is in the open operating position.
- the flue door may be located elsewhere in other heaters and / or for a different purpose.
- a bypass may be provided through which the flue gas is passed around the heat exchanger.
- the flue-gas flap device or the flue-gas flap of the flue-gas flap device can be arranged in front of such a bypass, with the flue-gas flap then having no filter insert.
- the controller 25 has a microprocessor and a memory in which operating parameters are stored.
- the controller 25 is coupled to the drive 7, the holding device 8, an operating element 26, a door switch 27 and a temperature sensor 28.
- the temperature sensor 28 determines a flue gas temperature of the flue gas, the flows through the filter element 2a of the flue gas flap 2 and transmits the flue gas temperature to the controller 25.
- the temperature sensor 28 is, for example, arranged in the vicinity of the flue gas flap 2 in the chimney port 23.
- the operating element 26 is designed as an actuating button and it sends a corresponding actuating signal to the controller 25 when it is actuated by a user.
- the opening can also be done by the door switch 27 by a corresponding opening signal is transmitted to the controller 25 when the firebox door of the firebox 22 is opened.
- the controller 25 controls the holding device 8, so that the holding device 8 holds the flue gas door 2 in the closed operating position by supplying power to the electro-adhesion magnet.
- the controller 25 controls the drive 7 so that it moves the flue gas flap 2 back into the closed operating state and it controls the holding device 8 to hold the flue gas flap 2 again in the closed operating state.
- the closed position of the flue gas flap 2 is detected here by a proximity switch 29 (see FIG. 5 ).
- the controller 25 has stored in its memory a predetermined temperature threshold and it compares the temperature values received from the temperature sensor 28 with the temperature threshold.
- the temperature threshold characterizes an operating temperature from which the catalyst material of the filter insert 2a can oxidize combustion residues. Accordingly, the controller 25 leaves the flue gas door 2 in the open operating position until the received temperature value exceeds the temperature threshold.
- the controller 25 determines that the temperature value exceeds the temperature threshold, it controls the drive 7 and the holding device 8 such that the flue gas flap 2 goes into the closed operating state and is held there. If the received temperature value drops below the temperature threshold value, the controller 25 controls the holding device 8 to release the flue gas flap 2 so that it moves into the open operating position.
- the door switch 27 is here designed so that it transmits the opening signal to the controller 25 until the furnace door is closed again. If the controller 25 determines that it no longer receives an opening signal, it controls the drive 7 and the holding device 8 to move the flue damper 2 back to the closed operating position and to hold it there.
- the door switch 27 sends only a short opening signal when opening the firebox door.
- the controller 25 controls after a predetermined period of time, e.g. 60 seconds, the drive 7 and the holding device 8, to move the flue gas flap 2 back to the closed operating position and to hold there.
- the period of time can be chosen so that after its expiration a typical filling of the combustion chamber 22 is completed with fuel.
- the controller 25 is also configured to detect when the flue gas door 2 is in the closed mode. This is done in the present embodiment by a proximity switch 29 which is integrated in the holding device 8. The proximity switch 29 is triggered and transmits a corresponding signal to the controller 25 when the flue gas flap 2 abuts against the proximity switch 29 of the holding device 8.
- the drive 7 may have a resistance sensor, which detects the increased resistance on the drive shaft 5 when the flue gas flap abuts against the holding device 8. In that case, the drive 7 may either send a signal to the controller 25 which, in response, will drive the drive 7 to return to its home position, or the drive 7 will automatically return to its home position.
- the holding device 8 releases the flue gas flap 2 automatically, since the electro-adhesive magnet is no longer supplied with power.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich allgemein auf eine Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung sowie auch auf eine Heizeinrichtung zur Verbrennung von Biomasse mit einer solchen Rauchgasklappenein richtung.The present invention relates generally to a flue gas valve device as well as to a heater for combustion of biomass with such Rauchgasklappenein direction.
Allgemein sind Heizeinrichtungen wie z.B. Kaminöfen bekannt, die als Brennstoff Biomasse verwenden, wie z.B. (Scheit-)Holz, Hackschnitzelgut, Pellets und dergleichen. Solche Heizeinrichtungen haben in der Regel zumindest einen Feuerraum, der über eine Feuerraumtür zugänglich ist und durch welche Brennstoff in den Feuerraum eingefüllt werden kann.Generally, heaters such as e.g. Stoves are known which use biomass as fuel, e.g. (Log) wood, wood chips, pellets and the like. Such heaters usually have at least one firebox that is accessible via a firebox door and through which fuel can be introduced into the firebox.
Bei schlechtem Kaminzug, ungünstigen Wetterverhältnissen, die ebenfalls zu einem ungünstigen Kaminzug führen können, langem bzw. ungünstigem Rauchgasweg in der Heizeinrichtung bzw. zwischen Heizeinrichtung und Kamin und dergleichen kann Rauchgas aus dem Feuerraum austreten, wenn zum Beispiel zum Nachfüllen von Brennstoff die Feuerraumtüre geöffnet wird.In case of bad chimney draft, unfavorable weather conditions, which can also lead to an unfavorable chimney draft, long or unfavorable flue gas path in the heater or between heater and chimney and the like flue gas can escape from the combustion chamber, for example, when refilling of fuel, the furnace door is opened ,
Um das Austreten von Rauchgasen beim Öffnen einer Feuerraumtüre zu vermeiden, ist es z.B. aus
Aus der deutschen Patentschrift
Außerdem ist aus den Dokumenten
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine verbesserte Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung und eine Heizeinrichtung mit einer solchen Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung zur Verfügung zu stellen. Nach einem ersten Aspekt stellt die vorliegende Erfindung eine Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung nach dem Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 bereit. Nach einem zweiten Aspekt stellt die vorliegende Erfindung eine Heizeinrichtung zum Verbrennen von Biomasse mit einem Feuerraum und einer Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung nach dem ersten Aspekt bereit.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der beigefügten Zeichnung und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.Besides, from the documents
The object of the invention is to provide an improved flue gas valve device and a heater with such a flue gas flap device available. According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a flue gas valve device according to the subject-matter of independent claim 1. According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a heating device for burning biomass with a combustion chamber and a flue gas valve device according to the first aspect.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the accompanying drawings and the description below.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nun beispielhaft und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung beschrieben, in der:
-
Fig. 1 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung veranschaulicht; -
Fig. 2a die Rauchgasklappe der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung vonFig. 1 in einer geschlossenen Betriebsstellung zeigt; -
Fig. 2b die Rauchgasklappe der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung vonFig. 1 in einer offenen Betriebsstellung zeigt; -
Fig. 3 die Rauchgasklappe mit einem Filtereinsatz veranschaulicht; -
Fig. 4 schematisch eine Heizeinrichtung mit der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung vonFig. 1 illustriert; und -
Fig. 5 eine Steuerung zum Steuern der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung vonFig. 1 zeigt.
-
Fig. 1 an embodiment of a flue gas flap device illustrated; -
Fig. 2a the flue damper of the flue gas valve device ofFig. 1 in a closed operating position; -
Fig. 2b the flue damper of the flue gas valve device ofFig. 1 in an open operating position; -
Fig. 3 illustrates the flue damper with a filter cartridge; -
Fig. 4 schematically a heater with the flue gas valve device ofFIG. 1 illustrated; and -
Fig. 5 a controller for controlling the flue gas valve device ofFig. 1 shows.
In den
Wie eingangs ausgeführt, besteht die Gefahr, dass beim Öffnen einer Feuerraumtür eines Feuerraums einer Heizeinrichtung Rauchgas durch die geöffnete Feuerraumtür nach außen gelangen kann.As stated above, there is a risk that when opening a furnace door of a combustion chamber of a heater flue gas can pass through the open firebox door to the outside.
Außerdem kann eine übermäßige Rauchgasentwicklung auch beim Anheizen entstehen, wenn Rauchgase bei einem kalten Kamin, einem geringen Kaminzug, höherem Druckverlust aufgrund eines Filter- bzw. Katalysatoreinsatzes, durch den das Rauchgas aus dem Feuerraum strömt, und dergleichen auftreten. Die übermäßige Rauchentwicklung kann sich vor allem beim Betrieb der Heizeinrichtung mit einem Feinstaubfilter z.B. einem Filter/Katalysator negativ auswirken, da die katalytische Wirkung eines Filters/Katalysators erst bei einem hohem Temperaturniveau einsetzt und die Öffnungen des Filters/Katalysators bei geringerer Temperatur deutlich schneller verrußen.In addition, excessive flue gas evolution can also occur during firing, when flue gases occur in a cold chimney, a small flue draft, higher pressure drop due to a filter or catalyst insert through which the flue gas flows from the furnace, and the like. The excessive generation of smoke can be found especially in the operation of the heater with a particulate matter filter e.g. a filter / catalyst have a negative effect, since the catalytic effect of a filter / catalyst begins only at a high temperature level and the openings of the filter / catalyst at a lower temperature soot much faster.
Entsprechend betrifft die Erfindung eine Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung, die eine Rauchgasklappe, eine drehbare Welle und eine Halteeinrichtung umfasst. Die Rauchgasklappe ist mit der Welle verbunden. Die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung ist dazu ausgelegt, dass die Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe in einer geschlossenen Betriebsstellung gegen die Schwerkraft hält und dass die Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe freigeben kann, sodass die Rauchgasklappe aufgrund der Schwerkraft in eine offene Betriebsstellung bewegt wird.Accordingly, the invention relates to a flue gas valve device comprising a flue damper, a rotatable shaft and a holding device. The flue damper is connected to the shaft. The flue gas flap device is designed so that the holding device holds the flue gas flap in a closed operating position against gravity and that the holding device can release the flue gas flap, so that the flue gas flap is moved by gravity into an open operating position.
Wenn die Halteeinrichtung ausgelöst wird, fällt folglich die Rauchgasklappe aufgrund ihres Eigengewichts von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung, wobei sie sich zusammen mit der drehbaren Welle um die Drehachse der drehbaren Welle dreht. Zusätzlich kann die Rauchgasklappe mit einer Feder vorgespannt sein, welche die Bewegung von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung unterstützt und z.B. auch ein etwaiges Festsitzen der Klappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung aufgrund von Rußbildung im Brennraum überwindet.Consequently, when the holding device is triggered, the flue gas flap falls due to its own weight from the closed operating position to the open operating position, wherein it rotates together with the rotatable shaft about the axis of rotation of the rotatable shaft. In addition, the flue damper can be biased by a spring which controls the movement from the closed operating position to the open operating position supports and, for example, also overcomes any sticking of the flap in the closed operating position due to soot formation in the combustion chamber.
Die Rauchgasklappe kann mit ihrer Längsseite mit der drehbaren Welle verbunden sein, sie kann aber auch an einer ihrer flachen Seiten mit der drehbaren Welle verbunden sein.The flue gas flap may be connected with its longitudinal side with the rotatable shaft, but it may also be connected at one of its flat sides with the rotatable shaft.
Die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß in einer Heizeinrichtung zur Verbrennung von Biomasse als festen Brennstoff vorgesehen, wie (Scheit-)Holz, Hackschnitzelgut, Pellets oder dergleichen. Dabei kann sie einen Bypass öffnen bzw. schließen, durch den Rauchgase direkt in einen Kamin, an den die Heizeinrichtung angeschlossen ist, abgeleitet werden.The flue gas valve device is inventively provided in a heater for burning biomass as a solid fuel, such as (log) wood, wood chips, pellets or the like. It can open or close a bypass, are derived by the flue gases directly into a fireplace to which the heater is connected.
Damit kann zum Beispiel ein Rauchgasaustritt während eines Brennstoffnachfüllgangs bei geöffneter Feuerraumtür vermieden oder zumindest verringert werden.Thus, for example, a flue gas outlet can be avoided or at least reduced during a Brennstoffnachfüllgangs with open firebox door.
Dadurch dass die Rauchgasklappe durch ihr Eigengewicht bzw. durch die auf sie wirkende Schwerkraft von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung fällt, ist ein schnelles und einfaches Öffnen der Rauchgasklappe möglich und es ist kein gesonderter Mechanismus erforderlich, der die Rauchgasklappe aktiv von der geschlossenen in die offene Betriebsstellung befördert, wie es zum Beispiel bei dem eingangs erwähnten Stand der Technik der Fall ist.The fact that the flue gas flap falls by its own weight or by acting on them gravity from the closed operating position to the open operating position, a quick and easy opening of the flue damper is possible and there is no separate mechanism required, the flue gas door active from the closed in conveys the open operating position, as is the case for example in the above-mentioned prior art.
Die Halteeinrichtung kann mechanisch und/oder elektrisch auslösbar ausgestaltet sein, um die Rauchgasklappe freizugeben. Die Auslösung der Halteeinrichtung kann außerdem auch mit dem Öffnen einer Feuerraumtür der Heizeinrichtung gekoppelt sein.The holding device can be designed mechanically and / or electrically releasable to release the flue gas flap. The triggering of the holding device can also be coupled with the opening of a furnace door of the heater.
Wenn die Halteeinrichtung für das elektrische Auslösen ausgestaltet ist, kann sie einen Elektromagneten, wie zum Beispiel einen Elektrohaftmagneten aufweisen. Der Elektromagnet erzeugt während seines Betriebs ein Magnetfeld, das so ausgestaltet ist, dass es die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung hält. Hierfür kann die Rauchgasklappe einen metallischen bzw. magnetischen Abschnitt aufweisen, der in Kontakt mit dem Elektromagneten steht, wenn die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist. Ist bzw. wird der Elektromagnet stromlos geschaltet, so gibt die Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe frei, sodass diese von sich aus von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung fällt. Dadurch ist auch bei einem Stromausfall ein sicherer Abbrand in einer Heizeinrichtung gewährleistet, da in der offenen Betriebsstellung der Rauchgasabzug deutlich verbessert wird.When configured for electrical release, the holding device may include an electromagnet, such as an electromagnet. The electromagnet generates a magnetic field during operation which is designed to hold the flue damper in the closed operating position. For this purpose, the flue damper may have a metallic or magnetic portion which is in contact with the electromagnet when the flue damper is in the closed operating position. Is or is the electromagnet de-energized, so the holding device releases the flue damper so that it falls by itself from the closed operating position to the open operating position. This ensures safe burning in a heating device even in the event of a power failure, since the open operating position of the flue gas outlet is significantly improved.
Ist die Halteeinrichtung für das mechanische Auslösen ausgestaltet, so kann sie eine federvorgespannte Verriegelung aufweisen. Die Rauchgasklappe kann dann entsprechend ausgestaltet sein, in die federvorgespannte Verriegelung, bspw. mittels eines Hakens oder Bolzens, in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung einzugreifen. Durch Betätigen der Verriegelung kann die Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe freigeben, indem die Verriegelung den Haken, den Bolzen oder dergleichen freigibt.If the holding device is designed for the mechanical release, then it can have a spring-biased lock. The flue damper can then be configured accordingly to engage in the spring-biased latch, for example by means of a hook or bolt, in the closed operating position. By actuating the lock, the holding device can release the flue gas flap by releasing the hook, the bolt or the like.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung weiter einen Antrieb, der dazu eingerichtet ist, die Rauchgasklappe von der offenen Betriebsstellung in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen. Der Antrieb ist elektrisch betreibbar ausgestaltet und kann z.B. einen Elektromotor umfassen.According to the invention, the flue-gas flap device further comprises a drive which is adapted to move the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position. The drive is designed to be electrically operable and can e.g. comprise an electric motor.
Der Antrieb kann über eine mechanische Kopplung mit der drehbaren Welle gekoppelt sein. Der Antrieb selbst kann eine Antriebswelle aufweisen, sodass die mechanische Kopplung die Antriebswelle und die drehbare Welle miteinander koppelt. Dadurch ist der Antrieb bzw. die Antriebswelle bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen nicht starr mit der drehbaren Welle gekoppelt.The drive can be coupled via a mechanical coupling with the rotatable shaft. The drive itself may have a drive shaft so that the mechanical coupling couples the drive shaft and the rotatable shaft together. As a result, the drive or the drive shaft is not rigidly coupled to the rotatable shaft in some embodiments.
Die mechanische Kopplung kann dazu ausgelegt sein, den Antrieb von der drehbaren Welle zu entkoppeln, wenn die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist. Dadurch kann der Antrieb wieder in eine Ausgangsstellung bewegt werden, sodass er wieder betriebsbereit ist. Außerdem kann die Rauchgasklappe wieder aus ihrer offenen Betriebsstellung in ihre geschlossene Betriebsstellung bewegt werden.The mechanical coupling may be configured to decouple the drive from the rotatable shaft when the flue damper is in the closed operating position. As a result, the drive can be moved back to a starting position so that it is ready for use again. In addition, the flue damper can be moved back from its open operating position to its closed operating position.
Der Antrieb kann bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen dazu ausgelegt sein, dass er nur in einer Richtung drehbar ist und folglich die drehbare Welle nur in einer Richtung antreibt. Die mechanische Kopplung ist dann derart ausgestaltet, dass sie solange den . Antrieb mit der drehbaren Welle koppelt, bis die Rauchgasklappe von ihrer offenen Betriebsstellung in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung bewegt ist. Dann entkoppelt die mechanische Kopplung die drehbare Welle vom Antrieb bzw. von seiner Antriebswelle und der Antrieb kann solange in seiner festgelegten Drehrichtung weitergedreht werden, bis er wieder in seiner Ausgangsstellung ist, in der die mechanische Kopplung wieder den Antrieb bzw. seine Antriebswelle mit der drehbaren Welle koppelt.The drive may in some embodiments be designed to be rotatable only in one direction and thus drive the rotatable shaft in one direction only. The mechanical coupling is then designed such that it as long as the. Drive with the rotatable shaft coupled until the flue damper is moved from its open operating position to the closed operating position. Then, the mechanical coupling decouples the rotatable shaft from the drive or from its drive shaft and the drive can be further rotated in its fixed direction until it is back in its starting position, in which the mechanical coupling again the drive or its drive shaft with the rotatable Wave couples.
Der Antrieb kann bei anderen Ausführungsbeispielen auch dazu ausgelegt sein, dass er in zwei Richtungen drehbar ist. Wenn die Rauchgasklappe von der offenen Betriebsstellung in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung bewegt wird, erkennt der Antrieb oder eine Steuerung, die den Antrieb betreibt, dass die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist und stoppt den Antrieb. Danach wird der Antrieb wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung bewegt in der er in der Lage ist, die Rauchgasklappe wieder von der offenen in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen. Auch hier kann die mechanische Kopplung den Antrieb bzw. seine Antriebswelle von der drehbaren Welle entkoppeln, bis der Antrieb wieder in der Ausgangsstellung ist.The drive can also be designed in other embodiments that it is rotatable in two directions. When the flue damper is moved from the open operating position to the closed operating position, the drive or a controller operating the drive detects that the flue damper is in the closed operating position and stops the drive. Thereafter, the drive is moved back to its initial position in which he is able to move the flue damper back from the open to the closed operating position. Again, the mechanical coupling can decouple the drive or its drive shaft of the rotatable shaft until the drive is back in the starting position.
Sobald die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist, hält die Halteeinrichtung sie wieder fest, wie es oben beschrieben wurde, indem z.B. der Elektromagnet betrieben wird, ein Haken, Bolzen oder dergleichen in die federvorgespannte Verriegelung eingreift oder ein anderes Arretierungsmittel, die Rauchgasklappe festhält.Once the flue damper is in the closed operating position, the retainer retains it, as described above, e.g. the solenoid is operated, a hook, bolts or the like engages in the spring-biased lock or another locking means that holds the flue damper.
Ferner umfasst die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung erfindungsgemäß eine Steuerung. Diese ist bevorzugt dazu eingerichtet ist, nach einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer den Antrieb derart zu steuern, dass er die Rauchgasklappe von der offenen Betriebsstellung in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung bewegt.Furthermore, the flue gas flap device according to the invention comprises a controller. This is preferably configured to control the drive after a predetermined period of time in such a way that it moves the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position.
Die Steuerung kann einen Mikroprozessor aufweisen, der dazu eingerichtet ist, die hierin beschriebenen Schritte auszuführen und einen flüchtigen und/oder Festwert-Speicher zum Speichern von Daten, wie bspw. der vorgegebenen Zeitdauer.The controller may include a microprocessor configured to perform the steps described herein and a volatile and / or read-only memory for storing data, such as the predetermined amount of time.
Dadurch, dass die Steuerung nach der vorgegebenen Zeitdauer den Antrieb ansteuert, die Rauchgasklappe von der offenen Betriebsstellung in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen, kann nicht vergessen werden, die Rauchgasklappe wieder zu schließen.Due to the fact that the control activates the drive after the predetermined period of time to move the flue-gas flap from the open operating position into the closed operating position, it can not be forgotten to close the flue-gas flap again.
Die Rauchgasklappe kann auch mit einem als Stellmotor ausgebildeten Antrieb mit einem Rückstellglied angetrieben werden, das z.B. mit einer Feder oder hydraulisch vorgespannt werden kann und bspw. als Federrückläufer ausgestaltet sein kann. Dabei gibt es zwei Endpositionen, nämlich eine offene, in der die Rauchgasklappe in einer offenen Betriebsstellung ist, und eine geschlossene, in der die Rauchgasklappe in einer geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist und in der das Rückstellglied entsprechend vorgespannt ist. Bei geschlossener Rauchgasklappe und Stromausfall wird dann die Rauchgasklappe durch das Rückstellglied (Federrückläufer) bzw. durch die aufgrund der Vorspannung ausgeübten Kraft geöffnet. Bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen ist das Rückstellglied und/oder der Stellmotor entsprechend derart ausgestaltet, dass es auch dann die Rauchgasklappe in die offene Position bringen kann, wenn der Stellmotor nicht entkoppelt ist, d.h. das Rückstellglied dreht die Rauchgasklappe zusammen mit dem nicht mechanischen entkoppelten Stellmotor in die offene Betriebsstellung.The flue gas flap can also be driven by a drive designed as a servomotor with a return member, which can be biased for example with a spring or hydraulically and, for example, can be configured as a spring return. There are two end positions, namely an open, in which the flue damper in an open operating position, and a closed, in which the flue damper is in a closed operating position and in which the return member is biased accordingly. When the flue damper is closed and the power fails, the flue damper opens opened by the return member (spring return) or by the force exerted due to the bias force. In some embodiments, the return member and / or the servomotor is configured accordingly such that it can bring the flue damper into the open position even if the actuator is not decoupled, ie the return member rotates the flue damper together with the non-mechanical decoupled actuator in the open operating position.
Die Rauchgasklappe weist erfindungsgemäß einen Filtereinsatz auf, der dazu eingerichtet ist, Schadstoffe aus durch ihn strömendes Rauchgas zu filtern und/oder katalytisch zu oxidieren. Der Filtereinsatz wird von Rauchgas durchströmt, wenn die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist, nicht jedoch in der offenen Betriebsstellung.According to the invention, the flue-gas flap has a filter insert which is set up to filter pollutants from flue gas flowing through it and / or to catalytically oxidize it. Flue gas flows through the filter element when the flue damper is in the closed operating position, but not in the open operating position.
Dadurch ist es erfindungsgemäß möglich, z.B. die Rauchgasklappe in einer offenen Betriebsstellung zu lassen, bis zum Beispiel Rauchgas, das durch den Filtereinsatz strömen soll, eine vorgegebene Temperatur erreicht hat. Die vorgegebene Temperatur kann einer Betriebstemperatur eines Katalysatormaterials im Filtereinsatz entsprechen. Dementsprechend ist es möglich, die Rauchgasklappe erst dann in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen, wenn das Rauchgas die vorgegebene Temperatur erreicht hat und so Schadstoffe oder Verbrennungsrückstände im Rauchgas durch das Katalysatormaterial oxidiert werden können. Zur Temperaturmessung ist erfindungsgemäß ein Temperatursensor vorgesehen, der die Rauchgastemperatur ermittelt und bspw. an die oben beschriebene Steuerung übermittelt, die bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Temperaturschwellwerts den elektrischen Antrieb ansteuert und die Rauchgasklappe in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung bewegt.This makes it possible according to the invention, e.g. to leave the flue damper in an open operating position until, for example, flue gas to flow through the filter cartridge has reached a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature may correspond to an operating temperature of a catalyst material in the filter cartridge. Accordingly, it is possible to move the flue gas flap into the closed operating position only when the flue gas has reached the predetermined temperature and so pollutants or combustion residues in the flue gas can be oxidized by the catalyst material. For temperature measurement according to the invention, a temperature sensor is provided which determines the flue gas temperature and, for example, transmitted to the control described above, which controls the electric drive when a predetermined temperature threshold is exceeded and moves the flue damper in the closed operating position.
Bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen ist weiter ein Bedienelement vorgesehen, das derart ausgebildet ist, dass durch Betätigen des Bedienelements die Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe freigibt. Das Bedienelement kann dabei mechanisch und/oder elektrisch ausgebildet sein und mechanisch und/oder elektrisch veranlassen, dass die ' Halteeinrichtung die Rauchgasklappe freigibt. Zum Beispiel kann das Bedienelement als Hebel oder dergleichen ausgestaltet sein und mechanisch mit der Halteeinrichtung gekoppelt sein, sodass ein mechanisches Betätigen des Bedienelements die Halteeinrichtung entsprechend betätigt. Das Bedienelement kann aber auch als elektrischer Schalter ausgebildet sein, der bei Betätigung ein elektrisches Signal erzeugt, das an die Halteeinrichtung und/oder an eine Steuerung übermittelt wird und die Halteeinrichtung entsprechend veranlasst, die Rauchgasklappe freizugeben.In some embodiments, an operating element is further provided, which is designed such that by releasing the operating element, the holding device releases the flue gas flap. The control element can be designed mechanically and / or electrically and cause mechanically and / or electrically that the 'holding device releases the flue gas flap. For example, the control element may be designed as a lever or the like and mechanically coupled to the holding device, so that a mechanical actuation of the operating element actuates the holding device accordingly. The control element can also be designed as an electrical switch which generates an electrical signal when actuated, the the holding device and / or is transmitted to a controller and causes the holding device accordingly to release the flue gas flap.
Bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen ist die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung vorgespannt, zum Beispiel durch eine Feder oder hydraulisch, um die Bewegung in die offenen Betriebsstellung zu unterstützen. Sollte zum Beispiel die Rauchgasklappe während des Betriebs aufgrund von Verschmutzung oder dergleichen festkleben und sich nicht alleine durch die Schwerkraft öffnen, so kann die Rauchgasklappe durch die durch die Vorspannung ausgeübte Kraft gelöst werden.In some embodiments, the flue damper is biased in the closed operating position, for example by a spring or hydraulically, to assist movement to the open operating position. For example, should the flue damper stick during operation due to soiling or the like and not open by gravity alone, the flue damper can be released by the force exerted by the biasing force.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Heizeinrichtung zum Verbrennen von Biomasse mit einem Feuerraum und einer Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung, wie sie oben beschrieben wurde. Die Heizeinrichtung kann als Scheitholzofen, Kaminofen, Pelletofen, Holzheizkessel, oder dergleichen ausgestaltet sein. Die Heizeinrichtung ist für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff ausgestaltet, wobei der Brennstoff, wie oben ausgeführt, aus Biomasse besteht. Die Heizeinrichtung hat eine Feuerraumtür durch die der Feuerraum mit festem Brennstoff gefüllt wird und/oder durch die der Feuerraum gereinigt wird. Bei manchen Ausführungsbeispielen hat die Heizeinrichtung auch eine automatische Brennstoffzufuhr und die Feuerraumtür wird bspw. nur zum Reinigen für die Wartung und/oder zum Anzünden von Brennstoff geöffnet.The invention also relates to a heating device for burning biomass with a combustion chamber and a flue gas flap device, as described above. The heater may be configured as a log wood stove, stove, pellet stove, wood boiler, or the like. The heater is configured for the burning of solid fuel, wherein the fuel, as stated above, consists of biomass. The heater has a firebox door through which the firebox is filled with solid fuel and / or through which the firebox is cleaned. In some embodiments, the heater also has an automatic fuel supply and the firebox door is opened, for example, only for cleaning for the maintenance and / or lighting of fuel.
Die Heizeinrichtung, die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung bzw. die Halteeinrichtung kann dazu eingerichtet sein, die Rauchgasklappe in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung freizugeben, wenn eine Feuerraumtür des Feuerraums geöffnet wird. Dies kann mechanisch und/oder elektrisch ausgeführt sein. Zum Beispiel kann ein als Hebel ausgestaltetes Bedienelement oder dergleichen durch das Öffnen der Feuerraumtür betätigt werden, der wiederum die Halteeinrichtung betätigt und die Rauchgasklappe freigibt. Es kann auch ein Schalter vorgesehen sein, der beim Öffnen der Feuerraumtür ein Signal erzeugt und an die oben beschriebene Steuerung übermittelt, die wiederum die Halteeinrichtung betreibt, sodass sie die Rauchgasklappe freigibt, indem sie bspw. den oben beschriebenen Elektromagneten stromlos schaltet. Bei Ausführungsbeispielen bei denen ein Bedienelement vorgesehen ist, kann das Signal auch durch Betätigen des Bedienelements erzeugt werden.The heating device, the flue-gas flap device or the holding device can be set up to release the flue-gas flap in the closed operating position when a furnace door of the firebox is opened. This can be carried out mechanically and / or electrically. For example, a control element configured as a lever or the like can be actuated by opening the firebox door, which in turn actuates the holding device and releases the flue-gas flap. It can also be provided a switch which generates a signal when opening the firebox door and transmitted to the control described above, which in turn operates the holding device so that it releases the flue by, for example, the current electromagnets switched off. In embodiments at where an operating element is provided, the signal can also be generated by operating the operating element.
Zurückkommend zu den
Die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung 1 hat eine Rauchgasklappe 2, die mit einer drehbaren Welle 3 verbunden ist. Die drehbare Welle 3 ist auf zwei Lagerblöcken 4a und 4b gelagert. Außerdem ist die drehbare Welle 3 über eine mechanische Kopplung 6 mit einer Antriebswelle 5 eines elektrisch betreibbaren Antriebs 7 gekoppelt. Der Antrieb 7 hat einen Elektromotor, der mit der Antriebswelle 5 gekoppelt ist und diese antreibt.The flue gas flap device 1 has a
Die Rauchgasklappe 2 kann eine geschlossene Betriebsstellung, die in
Zum Halten der Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung hat die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung 1 eine Halteeinrichtung 8, die als Elektrohaftmagnet ausgestaltet und oberhalb der Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung angeordnet ist. Die Halteeinrichtung 8 erzeugt ein Magnetfeld und hält dadurch die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung. In der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung verläuft die Rauchgasklappe 2 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel horizontal, während sie in anderen Ausführungsbeispielen auch in einem Winkel zur Erdoberfläche verlaufen kann. Allerdings verläuft die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung nicht senkrecht zur Erdoberfläche, da sie ansonsten nicht von der Schwerkraft in die offene Betriebsstellung bewegt werden kann.In order to hold the flue-
Die Rauchgasklappe 2 ist zumindest in dem Bereich metallisch und magnetisch ausgestaltet, in dem die Halteeinrichtung 8 die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung hält.The
Wenn die Halteeinrichtung 8 die Rauchgasklappe 2 freigibt, indem sie den Elektrohaftmagnet stromlos schaltet, kann die Rauchgasklappe 2 durch ihr Eigengewicht und die auf sie wirkende Schwerkraft nach unten fallen, wobei sie aufgrund der Verbindung mit der drehbaren Welle 3 eine Drehbewegung um die Längsachse bzw. Drehachse der drehbaren Welle 3 ausführt, wobei die Drehbewegung der in den
Die mechanische Kopplung 6 ist hier so ausgestaltet, dass sie die drehbare Welle 3 von der Antriebswelle 5 des Antriebs 7 entkoppelt, wenn die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung ist und von der Halteeinrichtung 8 gehalten wird. Dementsprechend ist die drehbare Welle 3 frei drehbar, sodass die Rauchgasklappe 2 sich frei von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung durch Drehung der drehbaren Welle 3 drehen kann, wenn sie von der Halteeinrichtung 8 freigegeben wird.The
Um die Rauchgasklappe 2 von der offenen Betriebsstellung wieder in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen, treibt der Antrieb 7 die Antriebswelle 5 an, wobei die mechanische Kopplung 6 die Antriebswelle 5 mit der drehbaren Welle 3 koppelt. Dadurch kann der Antrieb 7 die drehbare Welle 3 und damit die Rauchgasklappe 2 - hier gegen den Uhrzeigersinn - wieder in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung drehen. Sobald die Rauchgasklappe 2 die geschlossene Betriebsstellung erreicht hat, wird die Halteeinrichtung 8 durch Versorgen des Elektrohaftmagneten so betrieben, dass sie die Rauchgasklappe 2 wieder festhält. Die mechanische Kopplung 6 entkoppelt in dieser Stellung die Antriebswelle 5 von der drehbaren Welle 3. Der Antrieb 7 dreht dann die Antriebswelle 5 in die Ausgangsstellung zurück, indem er die Antriebswelle 5 in die entgegen gesetzte Drehrichtung zurück in die Ausgangsstellung dreht. Die Rauchgasklappe 2 kann somit wieder von der Halteeinrichtung 8 freigegeben werden und sich von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung bewegen. Beim erneuten Schließen der Rauchgasklappe wird die Antriebswelle 5 wieder mit der drehbaren Welle 3 durch die mechanische Kopplung 6 gekoppelt.In order to move the
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Heizeinrichtung 20, die hier beispielhaft als Scheitholzofen ausgeführt ist, hat ein Gehäuse 21 in dem ein Feuerraum 22 angeordnet ist, wie es die
Oberhalb des Feuerraums 22 ist die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung 1 so angeordnet, dass die Rauchgasklappe 2 mit integriertem Filtereinsatz 2a vor einem als Ofenrohr ausgebildeten Kaminanschluss 23 sitzt, sodass Rauchgas, das bei der Verbrennung von Scheitholz im Feuerraum 22 entsteht, durch den Filtereinsatz 2a strömt, wenn die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der in
Die Rauchgasklappe 2 kann von der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung in die offene Betriebsstellung gebracht werden, wie sie in
Natürlich kann die Rauchgasklappe bei anderen Heizeinrichtungen an anderer Stelle und/oder auch für einen anderen Zweck angeordnet sein. Zum Beispiel kann bei einer Heizeinrichtung, die einen Wärmetauscher hat, durch den das Rauchgas im Normalbetrieb geleitet wird, ein Bypass vorgesehen sein, durch den das Rauchgas um den Wärmetauscher herum geleitet wird. Vor einen solchen Bypass kann die Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung bzw. die Rauchgasklappe der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung angeordnet sein, wobei die Rauchgasklappe dann keinen Filtereinsatz aufweist. Wenn eine Feuerraumtür geöffnet wird oder z.B. während einer Anbrandphase des Brennstoffes kann dann die Rauchgasklappe geöffnet werden, um das Rauchgas am Wärmetauscher vorbei durch den Bypass in den Kamin zu leiten.Of course, the flue door may be located elsewhere in other heaters and / or for a different purpose. For example, in a heater having a heat exchanger through which the flue gas is passed in normal operation, a bypass may be provided through which the flue gas is passed around the heat exchanger. The flue-gas flap device or the flue-gas flap of the flue-gas flap device can be arranged in front of such a bypass, with the flue-gas flap then having no filter insert. When a firebox door is opened or e.g. during a combustion phase of the fuel then the flue gas flap can be opened to pass the flue gas past the heat exchanger through the bypass into the chimney.
Ein Betrieb der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung 1 durch eine zugehörige Steuerung 25, die Bestandsteil der Rauchgasklappeneinrichtung 1 und/oder der Heizeinrichtung 20 sein kann, wird nun im Zusammenhang mit der
Die Steuerung 25 ist mit dem Antrieb 7, der Halteeinrichtung 8, einem Bedienelement 26, einem Türschalter 27 und einem Temperatursensor 28 gekoppelt.The
Der Temperatursensor 28 ermittelt eine Rauchgastemperatur des Rauchgases, das durch den Filtereinsatz 2a der Rauchgasklappe 2 strömt und übermittelt die Rauchgastemperatur an die Steuerung 25. Der Temperatursensor 28 ist bspw. in der Nähe der Rauchgasklappe 2 im Kaminanschluss 23 angeordnet.The
Das Bedienelement 26 ist als Betätigungsknopf ausgebildet und es sendet ein entsprechendes Betätigungssignal an die Steuerung 25, wenn es von einem Benutzer betätigt wird.The operating
Das Öffnen kann auch durch den Türschalter 27 erfolgen, indem ein entsprechendes Öffnungssignal an die Steuerung 25 übermittelt wird, wenn die Feuerraumtür des Feuerraums 22 geöffnet wird.The opening can also be done by the door switch 27 by a corresponding opening signal is transmitted to the
Im normalen Betriebszustand ist die Rauchgasklappe 2 im geschlossenen Betriebszustand, sodass Rauchgas durch den Filtereinsatz 2a strömen würde. Dementsprechend steuert die Steuerung 25 die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, sodass die Halteeinrichtung 8 die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der geschlossenen Betriebsstellung hält, indem sie den Elektrohaftmagneten mit Strom beaufschlagt.In the normal operating state, the
Empfängt die Steuerung 25 das Betätigungssignal des Bedienelements 26, so steuert sie die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 freizugeben, indem der Elektrohaftmagnet stromlos geschaltet wird.Receives the
Nach einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer, z.B. 60 Sekunden, steuert die Steuerung 25 den Antrieb 7 an, sodass dieser die Rauchgasklappe 2 wieder in den geschlossenen Betriebszustand bewegt und sie steuert die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 wieder in dem geschlossenen Betriebszustand zu halten. Die geschlossene Stellung der Rauchgasklappe 2 wird hier durch einen Näherungsschalter 29 erkannt (siehe
Außerdem hat die Steuerung 25 in ihrem Speicher einen vorgegebenen Temperaturschwellwert abgelegt und sie vergleicht die vom Temperatursensor 28 empfangenen Temperaturwerte mit dem Temperaturschwellwert. Der Temperaturschwellwert charakterisiert eine Betriebstemperatur ab der das Katalysatormaterial des Filtereinsatzes 2a Verbrennungsrückstände oxidieren kann. Dementsprechend lässt die Steuerung 25 die Rauchgasklappe 2 in der offenen Betriebsstellung, bis der empfangene Temperaturwert den Temperaturschwellwert übersteigt. Sobald die Steuerung 25 feststellt, dass der Temperaturwert den Temperaturschwellwert übersteigt, steuert sie den Antrieb 7 und die Halteinrichtung 8 derart an, dass die Rauchgasklappe 2 in den geschlossenen Betriebszustand geht und dort gehalten wird. Sinkt der empfangene Temperaturwert unter den Temperaturschwellwert, so steuert die Steuerung 25 die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 freizugeben, sodass sich diese in die offene Betriebsstellung bewegt.In addition, the
Empfängt die Steuerung 25 ein Öffnungssignal vom Türschalter 27, so steuert sie die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 freizugeben, sodass diese sich in die offene Betriebsstellung bewegt. Der Türschalter 27 ist hier so ausgestaltet, dass er solange das Öffnungssignal an die Steuerung 25 übermittelt, bis die Feuerraumtür wieder geschlossen ist. Wenn die Steuerung 25 feststellt, dass sie kein Öffnungssignal mehr empfängt, steuert sie den Antrieb 7 und die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 wieder in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen und dort zu halten.Receives the
Bei einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel sendet der Türschalter 27 nur ein kurzes Öffnungssignal beim Öffnen der Feuerraumtür. In diesem Fall steuert die Steuerung 25 nach einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer, z.B. 60 Sekunden, den Antrieb 7 und die Halteeinrichtung 8 an, die Rauchgasklappe 2 wieder in die geschlossene Betriebsstellung zu bewegen und dort zu halten. Die Zeitdauer kann dabei so gewählt werden, dass nach ihrem Ablauf ein typischer Befüllvorgang des Feuerraums 22 mit Brennstoff abgeschlossen ist.In an alternative embodiment, the door switch 27 sends only a short opening signal when opening the firebox door. In this case, the
Die Steuerung 25 ist außerdem so ausgestaltet, dass sie erkennt, wenn die Rauchgasklappe 2 im geschlossenen Betriebszustand ist. Dies geschieht bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel durch einen Näherungsschalter 29, der in der Halteeinrichtung 8 integriert ist. Der Näherungsschalter 29 wird ausgelöst und übermittelt ein entsprechendes Signal an die Steuerung 25, wenn die Rauchgasklappe 2 gegen den Näherungsschalter 29 der Halteeinrichtung 8 stößt. Alternativ kann auch der Antrieb 7 einen Widerstandssensor haben, der an dem erhöhten Widerstand an der Antriebswelle 5 erkennt, wenn die Rauchgasklappe gegen die Halteeinrichtung 8 stößt. In dem Fall kann der Antrieb 7 entweder ein Signal an die Steuerung 25 senden, die in Reaktion darauf den Antriebs 7 so ansteuert, dass er in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückkehrt, oder der Antrieb 7 kehrt automatisch in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück.The
Wird die Steuerung 25 bzw. die Halteeinrichtung 8 stromlos, z.B. durch einen Stromausfall, gibt die Halteeinrichtung 8 die Rauchgasklappe 2 automatisch frei, da der Elektrohaftmagnet nicht mehr mit Strom versorgt wird.If the
Dadurch ist auch bei einem Stromausfall ein sicheres Abbrennen gewährleistet und z.B. kann eine Überhitzung eines Wärmetauschers bei einer Heizeinrichtung vermieden werden, wenn automatisch durch Öffnen der Rauchgasklappe die Rauchgase durch den Bypass in den Kamin und nicht durch den Wärmetauscher geleitet werden.As a result, even in the event of a power failure, safe burning is ensured and, for example, Overheating of a heat exchanger in a heater can be avoided if automatically by opening the flue gas flap, the flue gases are passed through the bypass into the chimney and not through the heat exchanger.
Claims (11)
- Flue gas valve device for a heating device for incinerating biomass, comprising:a flue gas valve (2),a rotatable shaft (3), anda holding device (8), whereinthe flue gas valve (2) is connected to the shaft (3), and wherein the flue gas valve device is designed to the effect that the holding device (8) holds the flue gas valve (2) in a closed operating position against the force of gravity and that the holding device (8) can release the flue gas valve (2), so that the flue gas valve (2) is moved to an open operating position on account of the force of gravity,characterized in that the flue gas valve (2) has a filter insert (2a) through which flue gas flows when the flue gas valve is in the closed operating position, and through which flue gas does not flow when the flue gas valve is in the open operating position, and further comprising an electric drive (7) and a temperature sensor (28), which ascertains the flue gas temperature, and a controller (25) which is designed to control the electric drive (7) in such a way that it moves the flue gas valve (2) from the open operating position to the closed operating position when a prespecified temperature is reached.
- Flue gas valve device according to Claim 1, wherein the drive (7) is coupled to the rotatable shaft (3) by means of a mechanical coupling (6).
- Flue gas valve device according to either of the preceding claims, further having a restoring element which is pretensioned in the closed operating position and is designed to move the flue gas valve (2) from the closed operating position to the open operating position.
- Flue gas valve device according to Claim 2 or 3, wherein the mechanical coupling (6) is designed to uncouple the drive (7) from the rotatable shaft (3) when the flue gas valve (2) is in the closed operating position.
- Flue gas valve device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the controller (25) is designed to control the drive (7) in such a way that it moves the flue gas valve (2) from the open operating position to the closed operating position after a prespecified time period.
- Flue gas valve device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding device (8) has an electromagnet.
- Flue gas valve device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding device (8) has a spring-pretensioned locking arrangement.
- Flue gas valve device according to one of the preceding claims, further having an operator control element (26) which is designed in such a way that the holding device (8) releases the flue gas valve (2) owing to operation of the operator control element (26) .
- Flue gas valve device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flue gas valve (2) is pretensioned in the closed operating position in order to assist the movement to the open operating position.
- Heating device for incinerating biomass, comprising a combustion chamber (22) and a flue gas valve device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
- Heating device according to Claim 10, wherein the holding device (8) releases the flue gas valve (2) in the closed operating position when a combustion chamber door of the combustion chamber (22) is opened.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014002276.5A DE102014002276A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2014-02-19 | SMOKE DAMPER DEVICE |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2910854A2 EP2910854A2 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2910854A3 EP2910854A3 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2910854B1 true EP2910854B1 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15000485.1A Active EP2910854B1 (en) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-02-19 | Flue gas valve device |
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EP (1) | EP2910854B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014002276A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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FI130678B1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-12 | Firitech Oy | Smoke damper arrangement |
Family Cites Families (16)
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DE598570C (en) * | 1930-10-03 | 1934-06-15 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Closing device for vertical channels |
DE586265C (en) * | 1931-06-11 | 1933-10-19 | Richard Seidler | Device for the simultaneous control of the flue gas valve and an air inlet valve for secondary air exiting from the fire bridge in firing systems |
DE1085313B (en) * | 1957-06-13 | 1960-07-14 | Dr Otto Von Blanquet | Safety device on gas-fired heaters, in particular room heaters |
DE2720009C2 (en) * | 1977-05-04 | 1985-11-14 | Luitpold Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Kutzner | Shut-off device for installation in the exhaust pipe |
DE3172190D1 (en) * | 1980-04-02 | 1985-10-17 | Corning Glass Works | Solid fuel burning stove and catalytic converter |
DE3015472C2 (en) * | 1980-04-22 | 1985-08-01 | Luitpold Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Kutzner | Draft limiter and ventilation arrangement on a fireplace |
US4373507A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1983-02-15 | Jamestown Group | Stove construction |
DE3737661A1 (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Karl Ackermann | Heating boiler with forced combustion-air supply |
DE3928351A1 (en) * | 1989-08-26 | 1991-02-28 | Justus Gmbh | Heater with air conditioning unit - has exhaust of heater and exhaust air line of air conditioning unit fed to common collection chamber |
DE4435748C2 (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1997-08-14 | Heribert Posch | Heater |
DE102006009760B3 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-10-04 | HDG Bavaria GmbH Heizsysteme für Holz | Boilers, in particular solid fuel boilers, with flue damper |
US8622054B1 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2014-01-07 | Clear Skies Unlimited, Inc. | Methods and systems for reducing combustion emissions |
DE102007046133B4 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2011-05-05 | Jess Gmbh | Heat storage for storing energy |
AT508208B1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-07-15 | Kamleithner Maly Uta Ing Mag | COLD-USE LOCKING BZW. VENTILATION (KICKBACK) FLAP |
FR2975756B1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2019-08-16 | David Lachaize | CHICANE AVALOIR FOR DOMESTIC AND SOLID FUEL STOVE, AND STOVE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH AVALOIR |
GB2499976A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-09-11 | William Charles Kyle Jones | Chimney damper with mounting elements |
-
2014
- 2014-02-19 DE DE102014002276.5A patent/DE102014002276A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-02-19 EP EP15000485.1A patent/EP2910854B1/en active Active
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EP2910854A2 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2910854A3 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
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