EP0076911B1 - Control device for the movement of a fresh-air damper in a heating boiler - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement for controlling the movement of a fresh air flap in boilers, which can be adjusted with the aid of an actuator of a temperature sensor designed as a firing controller as a function of the temperature inside the boiler and when the temperature in the boiler drops below a predeterminable value in the closed position is.

To regulate the setting of the fresh air flap of a heating boiler, adjusting mechanisms are provided in the commercial heating boilers, which after heating up, when the normal firing process has been reached for the selected target temperature, close the fresh air flap and open again automatically when the boiler water temperature in the boiler drops. This is achieved in a conventional manner with the aid of a so-called firing controller, which comprises a temperature sensor protruding into the boiler water with an interlocking located outside the boiler. In this signal box, the measured temperature is transferred to a shaft, which is connected to the fresh air damper via a chain and which opens or closes depending on the rotational movement of the shaft and thus on the boiler water temperature.

These known combustion controllers are therefore suitable for opening the fresh air flap during the heating process as soon as the boiler water temperature drops below the set temperature set on the controller in order to increase the draft and thus stimulate and intensify the combustion.

This property of the combustion controller, which ensures that the boiler maintains a constant temperature during normal heating operation, is disadvantageous if the temperature drops further, for example due to an interruption in the fuel supply. In this case, it is not desirable if the fresh air flap opens when the temperature drops, because as the train is strengthened, the residual energy of the embers is lost through the chimney, the interior of the boiler cools down and the hot water still present in the boiler also lowers its temperature significantly . This means accepting an undesirable loss of energy.

Devices for controlling the fresh air flap are already known, which are arranged between the fresh air flap and a combustion controller; (see DD-A-141 561, 143 946 and 148 813). None of the known arrangements shows a device that locks the connection between the fresh air flap and the combustion controller. Rather, the control devices only have to be switched on after the last introduction of fuel. The control system can therefore not function if, for example, one forgets to add fuel in good time and the control device is therefore not switched on.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement for controlling the fresh air flap, which enables simple control, which is automatically in operation when the boiler is in operation, that is to say is adjustable from the start, and in particular controls the movement of the fresh air flap at the end of the combustion process.

According to the invention this is achieved in that a swivel arm is connected to the fresh air flap, the position of which can be locked relative to the actuating member of the firing controller, so that the swivel arm participates in the movement of the actuating member which is dependent on the temperature inside the boiler and that a device for solving the problem the lock is provided, which releases the coupling between the actuator and the swivel arm when the predetermined temperature in the boiler is reached, so that the swivel arm of the swivel arm relative to the actuator causes the fresh air flap to come into the closed position, preferably due to its own weight.

The invention is thus based on the consideration that after the heating process, to which the fresh air flap is opened by hand, after reaching the set temperature of the boiler water that can be set on the combustion controller, the regulation of the fresh air flap in a conventional manner as a function of the boiler water temperature only within a selectable temperature range should take place, which means that the fresh air flap opens when the temperature drops, opens less when the temperature rises and finally remains closed when the preselected target temperature is reached. To avoid the undesired cooling of the boiler after burning off the fuel or an interruption in the fuel supply, the fresh air flap will automatically come to a closed position when a pre-selectable minimum temperature is reached with the arrangement according to the invention without the control arrangement having to be brought into action by hand. It is thereby achieved by simple automatic control that the remaining amount of the fuel remains as a bed of embers in the boiler and can slowly burn up instead of being stimulated for faster combustion by increasing the fresh air supply. The thermal energy remains in the boiler and accelerated cooling of the boiler water is avoided.

It also makes it easier to heat up again because the closed fresh air flap keeps the embers in the boiler for a long time. The energy savings achieved in this way are of considerable magnitude and represent in the event of undesired interruptions in boiler operation, be it as a result of a power failure or through prevention the fuel supply is a very decisive factor. By unlocking the coupling between the fresh air flap and the firing controller at the predetermined minimum temperature, the fresh air flap can close due to its own weight, regardless of the position of the firing controller. It remains in this closed position until it is brought back into the open position by hand for a renewed heating process and a conventional automatic lock control, which is dependent on the respective temperature of the boiler water, occurs.

• Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung,
• Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung,
• Figur 3 eine schematische Ansicht des Heizkessels mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung,
• Figur 4 eine Vorderansicht eines mit einer weiteren Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerung versehenen Heizkessels,
• Figur 5 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 6 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 5 gezeigte Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 7 eine weitere Ausbildung einer erfindungsgemäßen Steuervorrichtung die seitlich an einem Heizkessel angeordnet ist,
• Figur 8 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 7 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 9 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 8 gezeigte Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 10 eine weitere Ausbildung einer Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 11 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 10 gezeigte Ansicht der Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 12 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 10 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Figur 13 die Stellung der Steuervorrichtung nach Fig. 10 nach Erreichen einer minimalen Kesseltemperatur und
• Figur 14 eine abgebrochene Darstellung des Steuerhebels der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 10.

In the subclaims, configurations of the arrangement according to the invention are preferably protected, which are explained in the following exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show here:

• FIG. 1 shows a section through an arrangement according to the invention,
• FIG. 2 shows a side view of the arrangement according to the invention,
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the boiler with the arrangement according to the invention,
• FIG. 4 shows a front view of a boiler provided with a further embodiment of the control according to the invention,
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 4,
• FIG. 6 shows a top view of the control device shown in FIG. 5,
• 7 shows a further embodiment of a control device according to the invention which is arranged on the side of a heating boiler,
• FIG. 8 shows a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 7,
• FIG. 9 shows a plan view of the control device shown in FIG. 8,
• FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of a control device,
• FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the view of the control device shown in FIG. 10,
• FIG. 12 shows a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 10,
• 13 shows the position of the control device according to FIG. 10 after reaching a minimum boiler temperature and
• FIG. 14 shows a broken representation of the control lever of the device according to FIG. 10.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 1 to 3 has a combustion controller 1, which is screwed into a sleeve of a boiler 4 and comprises an arm 5 which rotates in accordance with an increasing or decreasing temperature in the boiler 4.

The combustion controller 1 can be a commercially available controller which is operated by means of a spring body filled with liquid. Axially to the pivot bearing 16 of the arm 5, a disk 7 is rotatably mounted, to which an actuating arm 9 is fastened with a screw and carries a chain 10 connected to a fresh air flap 3. When the arm 5 is rotated due to a change in the temperature inside the boiler 4, the fresh air flap 3 is actuated via the chain 10. The fresh air damper 3 is closed during operation when the temperature rises and opened when the temperature falls to re-ignite the burning process. However, if the temperature drops to an adjustable minimum value, the fresh air flap 3 is closed with the arrangement according to the invention.

The arm 5 carries a locking part 6, which has the shape of a two-armed lever, which on the arm 5, for. B. is pivotally mounted by means of a screw 14. One end of the latching part 6 comes into contact with a latch 8 provided on the disk 7, which is formed by a notch, by rotating the arm 5 when the temperature drops. After the locking part 6 comes to lie in the notch, the chain 10 is tensioned and the fresh air flap 3 is opened when the arm 5 is rotated further. If the arm 5 continues to take the disk 7 with it, the fresh air flap 3 opens further. With continued pivoting of the arm 5 due to falling temperature, the second end of the latching part 6 then hits a stop 11. If the arm 5 rotates further, the stop 11 presses against the end of the latching part 6 resting against it and guides the other End of the locking part 6 out of the notch 8 so that the disc 7 can rotate back under the weight of the actuating arm 9, the chain 10 and the fresh air flap 3 and the fresh air flap 3 is closed.

The boiler 4 is usually operated at a temperature of 85.degree. You can set the stop 11 so that at a temperature of about 65 ° C and if no other fuel is added, the locking part 6 is released by the stop 11 and the fresh air flap 3 is closed.

For renewed heating of the boiler 4, the stop 11 is turned away or adjusted so that the latching part 6 comes back into the notch 8 when the actuating arm 9 is raised, so that the arm 5 holds the disk 7 and the actuating arm 9 or the fresh air flap 3 .

After setting the desired temperature difference between the operating and closing temperatures, e.g. B. between 85 and 65 ° C - the setting can be made either by a corresponding adjustment of the stop 11 or made on the basis of the various operating parameters of the boiler - the boiler 4 can be operated at any temperature exceeding 65 ° C.

The locking part 6 or the locking 8 can be designed differently. Instead of a notch 8, it is e.g. B. also possible to provide a laterally projecting pin from the disc against which a z. B. straight two-armed lever 6 can be applied. The stop 11 can be attached to the combustion controller 1 via a linkage 17 or with a clamp or it can also be attached to the wall of the boiler 4. It is adjusted in one Plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of arm 5 or disk 7.

The locking part 6 can be pressed with a spring 15 into a position in which it rests on the disk 7.

4 to 6 show a further embodiment of the control device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. This design of the control device is suitable for boilers in which it can be arranged either in the front wall or in the top cover of the boiler. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, the parts which correspond to the parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are identified by the same reference numerals. The design differences lie in a simplification of the swivel arm, which here consists of a disk 7 connected to the actuating arm 9. Furthermore, the stop 11 is formed by a rod which can be pivoted parallel to the pivot axis of the disk 7 and the end of which rests against a notch 6a provided in the latching part 6. With a predetermined open position of the fresh air flap 3, the end of the rod 11 abuts an advanced wall of the notch 6a and moves the latching part 6, which is designed as a two-armed lever, out of the notch 8 of the disk 7. The result is that the disc pivots relative to the arm 5a and the fresh air flap 3 closes. The time of unlocking can be changed by screwing in or unscrewing a pin 11 provided at the end at the end of the stop 11.

The control device shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 corresponds completely to the control device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, only the stop 11 is bent in a U-shape at its end to be connected to the latching part 6. This modification is necessary if the control device is arranged on the side of a boiler.

In the control device shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, a fresh air flap 102 is inserted into a boiler wall 101, shown in broken form in FIG. 10, which can be pivoted with the aid of a chain 103 about a pivot axis 104 into positions dependent on the temperature of the boiler water is. The opening angle of the fresh air flap 102 is determined with the aid of a control device 105, to which the end of the chain remote from the fresh air flap 102 is connected.

The control device 105 comprises a firing controller 106 which is inserted into the boiler wall 101 and fastened there by means of a nut 107. The so-called flow temperature of the boiler water is set on this combustion controller 106. As a rule, this is in a temperature range between 60 and 80 ° C. The end of the combustion controller 106, not shown, protrudes into the boiler water and carries a temperature sensor. The measured temperature of the boiler water is transferred to an actuator of the combustion controller 106 with the aid of a generally known mechanism that is not of interest here. The actuator is designed here as a shaft 108 which, as can be seen from FIGS. 11 and 12, protrudes laterally from the part of the firing controller 106 located outside the boiler wall 101.

An actuating arm 109 is fixedly connected to the shaft 108 by means of a screw 110. The actuating arm 109 projects radially outward from the shaft 108. The rotary movements of the shaft 108 thus cause pivoting movements of the actuating arm 109 in a plane perpendicular to the shaft 108, which correspond exactly to the rotary movements of the shaft 108. At the free end of the actuating arm 109, a pivot arm 111 is articulated, the pivot axis 112 of which runs parallel to the shaft 108, so that the pivoting movements of the pivot arm 111 take place in a plane which is parallel to the plane of movement of the actuating arm 109. The free end of the swivel arm 111 is connected to the end of the chain 113 remote from the fresh air flap 102.

A locking bolt 113 is arranged on the swivel arm 111 and is designed as an angle lever which can be pivoted about an axis 114. The angle lever 113 has the task of holding the pivot arm 111 with the actuating arm 109 in a locking or locking position in order to ensure that the pivot arm 111 moves together with the actuating arm 109 during a selectable temperature range and in this way that of the temperature sensor 103 The firing controller 106 triggers the rotary movement of the shaft 108 via the actuating arm 109 to the swivel arm 111 and from there via the chain 103 to the fresh air flap 102, with the aim that this is within the permissible fluctuation range of the temperature, which is generally between 15 and 18 ° C, depending on the temperature of the boiler water measured by the temperature sensor opens or closes.

The locking described between the swivel arm 111 and the actuating arm 109 is achieved with the aid of a lever arm 113a of the locking bolt 113 which, under the action of a tension spring 115 engaging at the end of its other lever arm 113b and connected to the swivel arm 111, simultaneously engages the actuating arm 109 and the swivel arm 111 that it overlaps the swivel arm 111 overlapping end 109a of the actuating arm 109. With the aid of the locking bolt 113 in the locking position, it is prevented that the torque exerted on the swivel arm 111 by the weight of the fresh air flap 102 can trigger a swivel movement of the swivel arm 111. Rather, the free end of the swivel arm 111 moves in dependence on the movement of the shaft 108 in a manner indicated by the double arrow, as a result of which ventilation control is achieved within the selected fluctuation range of the temperature, which differs from the conventional control solely by means of the usually built-in firing regulator , does not differ. That means with others Words, as soon as the firing process is completed and the temperature of the boiler water rises, the fresh air flap 102, which is initially opened for firing by hand, is closed further and further by a movement of the swivel arm 111 in the direction of arrow 116, so that only when the temperature falls within the permissible range Temperature fluctuation range to be opened again according to a rotation of the shaft 118.

However, in order to prevent the fresh air flap 102 from opening even further when the boiler water temperature falls below the permissible minimum temperature, which is lower than the lower temperature limit of the permitted temperature fluctuation range, and accelerate the burn-up of the embers bed that is still present through the increased supply of fresh air, there is a control lever 117 provided. The control lever 117 is also designed as an angle lever and is pivotably mounted with its one lever arm 117a in a plate 123 connected to the firing controller 106 parallel to the boiler wall 101. Its other lever arm 117b carries a weight 118 at its free end. To achieve a change in length of the lever arm 117b, a thread 119 is cut into the free end of the lever arm 117b, onto which the weight 118 provided with an internal thread 120 can be screwed in a selectable manner. The pivoting movement of the control lever 117 takes place in a plane parallel to the planes in which the pivot arm 111 and the actuating arm 109 also move.

As a result of the weight 118, the lever 117 sinks onto the swivel arm 111, the weight 118 either sliding back and forth along the surface 113a of the locking bolt 113 when the shaft 108 rotates, or when the temperature reaches a sufficiently high level, it first contacts the lever 113a and finally slides along the surface of the pivot lever 111.

If the temperature of the boiler now drops, the fresh air flap 102 opens upward as a result of a pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 111 in the direction of arrow 116 until the end face of the locking bolt 113 abuts the free end of the weight 118 of the lever 117 sliding along the pivoting lever 111. In a further drop in temperature, which is only to be expected in practice, when the fuel supply disappears, ie during power failure or other fault in the fuel supply line, _is' the shaft continues 108 in the direction of arrow 116 to continue to rotate above. The swivel arm 111 is then prevented from moving further upward by the locking bolt 113a striking the weight 118 of the control lever 117. Rather, the control lever 117 counteracts a further movement of the pivot arm 111 and causes a pivoting movement of the locking bolt 113 about its axis 114 in the direction of arrow 121 as soon as the force exerted by the control lever 117 on the locking bolt 113 exceeds the tensile force of the spring 115. This releases the locking mechanism between the actuating arm 109 and the pivot arm 111. The latter can yield to the torque exerted on it by the fresh air flap 102 and decouple from the actuating arm 109 in order to turn the axis 112 downward in the direction of the arrow 116. The end face rounded at the free end of the adjusting arm 109 facilitates the swiveling movement of the locking bolt 113 along the end face of the adjusting arm 109.

After unlocking the locking bolt 113, the control device 105 assumes the position shown in FIG. 13, in which the fresh air flap 102 is completely closed and also remains until it is again manually, e.g. B. is brought into the open position when the boiler is fired again. The control device 105 also returns to the position shown in FIG. 10 with the locking bolt 113 locked.

Since, in the unlocking process, the control lever 117 acts against the tensile force of the spring 115, a certain elasticity of the unlocking process can be achieved by appropriate selection of the spring force. It should be taken into account here that even if the weight 118 is already pressing on the end against the locking bolt 113, the latter can remain in the locking position for a while, even if the temperature continues to fall, if the spring force is selected to be sufficiently strong.

The occurrence of the unlocking of the pivot lever 111 at a temperature below the selected, adjustable temperature range can also be varied by changing the length of the arm 117b of the control lever 117. This is e.g. B. possible by screwing the weight 118 in or out on the thread 119 of the arm 117b. The pivoting movement of the control lever 117 is indicated by the arrow 122. With the help of the above-mentioned possible variations, spring force and length of the control lever, it can be achieved that the control device according to the invention is manufactured in series and can be adapted to individual requirements by means of the mentioned possible variations. Appropriate adjustment of the control device is therefore at the discretion of any person skilled in the art.

In the majority of cases, however, the permissible temperature fluctuation range will be 15 to 18 ° C. The temperature at which the fresh air flap 102 should close and also remain in the closed position would then be approximately 42 to 45 ° C at a flow temperature of 60 ° C, while in the temperature range of 45 to 60 ° C the fresh air flap 102 in a conventional manner in accordance with the Position of shaft 108 closes when the temperature rises and opens when the temperature falls.

In addition to the described use of the control device, it can also be used for actuating further ventilation flaps. Here is the ventilation of greenhouses and other rooms. In such cases, the temperature sensor can be controlled from the outside temperature.

Claims (15)

1. Control device for the movement of a fresh-air damper in a heating boiler, said damper being adjustable in response to the temperature inside the heating boiler by means of an actuating member of a temperature sensor designed as a heating controller and adapted to be moved into closing position when the temperature in the heating boiler drops below a predeterminable value, characterized in that a swivel arm (7, 9, 111) is connected to said fresh-air damper (3, 102), the position of said swivel arm with reference to said actuating member (5,108) of said heating controller (1, 106) being lockable so that said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) follows the movement of said actuating member (5, 108) depending on the temperature inside the heating boiler, and that, in addition, a device (11, 117) for releasing the locking device is provided to disengage the coupling between said actuating member (5,108) and said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) upon reaching the predeterminable temperature in the heating boiler, so that, in response to a swivelling movement of said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) with reference to said actuating member (5, 108), said fresh-air damper (3, 102) is moved into closing position, preferably on account of its own weight.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said actuating member of said heating controller (1) formed as an adjusting arm (5) is equipped with latching means (6) latchable with a catch (8) carried by a part of said swivel arm (7) for transmitting the movement of said adjusting arm (5) to said swivel arm (7).

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that said latching means (6) is formed by a double-arm lever (6) pivotally journalled at the end of said adjusting arm (5), one end of said lever being latchable into said catch (8) provided on said swivel arm (7, 9), its other end coming into engagement with said device for releasing the locking formed as a stop (11) in response to displacement of said adjusting arm (5), whereby said latching means (6) can be lifted out of said catch (8) by said stop (11) and said swivel arm (7, 9) can be pivoted with reference to said adjusting arm (5) upon continued displacement of said adjusting arm (5).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said swivel arm (7, 9) comprises a disk (7) in which said catch (8) is formed as a notch (8).

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that said disk (7) is connected to an actuating arm (9) which is connected to said fresh-air damper (3) through connecting means (10) (chain or linkage).

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said stop (11) is adjustable.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said stop (11) is pivotable around an axis parallel to the axis of said swivel arm (7, 9).

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said swivel arm (7, 9) is pivotally journalled on or in a shaft (12) of said heating controller (1) carrying said adjusting arm (5).

9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a swivel arm (111) projecting radially outward of a pivotally journalled actuating member (108, 109) of said heating controller (106) is provided, its position with reference to said actuating member (108,109) inside the selectable temperature range being lockable so that it follows the movement of said actuating member (108), transmitting it to said fresh-air damper (102), its locking being releasable at said predeterminable temperature to obtain a closing position of said fresh-air damper (102) by swivelling motion of said swivel arm (111) with reference to said actuating member (108, 109), said closing position being independent of the position of said actuating member (108, 109) of said heating controller (106).

10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that said actuating member (108, 109) of said heating controller (106) is formed as a shaft (108) with a radially outwardly projecting adjusting arm (109).

11. Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said swivel arm (111) is aligned with said adjusting arm (109) in its locking position, while it is pivotally displaceable with reference to the latter after releasing the locking.

12. Device according to any of claims 9 through 11, characterized in that a locking bolt (113) formed as an angular lever is provided for locking said swivel arm (111), said locking bolt being in engagement against said adjusting arm (109) with one of its arms (113a) to form a stop when said swivel arm (111) is in locking position, and is held in that position by tensile means (115) applied to its other arm.

13. Device according to any of claims 9 through 12, characterized in that for unlocking said swivel arm (111) a control lever (117) freely pivotable with reference to said actuating member (108,109) of said heating controller (106) is provided which, during displacement of said actuating member (108, 109) within said selectable temperature range, slides along said adjusting arm (109) with one of its ends, while it causes a swivelling movement of said locking bolt (113) thereby releasing the locking between said adjusting arm (109) and said swivel arm (111) at said predeterminable temperature below said temperature range, so that pivoting of said swivel arm (111) with reference to said adjusting arm (109) results in a constant closing position of said fresh-air damper (102) independent of the position of said actuating member (108, 109) of said heating controller (106).

14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that said control lever (117) rests on said adjusting arm (109) on account of its gravity, in connection with a weight (118) provided on its free end.

15. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that an arm (117b) of said control lever intended for engagement against said adjusting arm (109) is adjustable in length.

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