EP0076911A1 - Control device for the movement of a fresh-air damper in a heating boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Control device for the movement of a fresh-air damper in a heating boiler, said damper being adjustable in response to the temperature inside the heating boiler by means of an actuating member of a temperature sensor designed as a heating controller and adapted to be moved into closing position when the temperature in the heating boiler drops below a predeterminable value, characterized in that a swivel arm (7, 9, 111) is connected to said fresh-air damper (3, 102), the position of said swivel arm with reference to said actuating member (5, 108) of said heating controller (1, 106) being lockable so that said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) follows the movement of said actuating member (5, 108) depending on the temperature inside the heating boiler, and that, in addition, a device (11, 117) for releasing the locking device is provided to disengage the coupling between said actuating member (5, 108) and said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) upon reaching the predeterminable temperature in the heating boiler, so that, in response to a swivelling movement of said swivel arm (7, 9, 111) with reference to said actuating member (5, 108), said fresh-air damper (3, 102) is moved into closing position, preferably on account of its own weight.

Description

The invention relates to a control for the movement of a fresh air flap, which can be adjusted with the aid of a temperature sensor designed as a firing controller as a function of the temperature inside a boiler.

To regulate the setting of the fresh air damper of a heating boiler are in the commercial heating Boiler adjustment mechanisms provided -, - which, after heating up, when the normal firing process for the selected target temperature is reached, close the fresh air flap and automatically open again when the boiler water temperature in the boiler drops. This is achieved in a conventional manner with the aid of a so-called firing controller, which comprises a temperature sensor protruding into the boiler water with an interlocking located outside the boiler. In this signal box, the measured temperature is transferred to a shaft, which is connected to the fresh air damper via a chain and which opens or closes depending on the rotational movement of the shaft and thus on the boiler water temperature.

These known combustion controllers are therefore suitable for opening the fresh air flap during the heating process as soon as the boiler water temperature drops below the set temperature set on the controller in order to increase the draft and thus stimulate and intensify the combustion.

This property of the combustion controller, which ensures that the boiler maintains a constant temperature during normal heating operation, is disadvantageous if the temperature continues to drop, for example due to an interruption in the fuel supply. In this case, it is namely not desirable if it drops The temperature opens the fresh air flap, because the intensification of the draft means that the residual energy of the embers is lost through the chimney, the interior of the boiler cools down and the hot water still present in the boiler also lowers its temperature significantly. This means accepting an undesirable loss of energy.

The object of the invention is now to provide a control which makes it possible, for example, when the boiler temperature due to the lack of a further fuel supply falling below a predeterminable value, closing the fresh air flap and also keeping it closed, regardless of the position of the combustion controller.

According to the invention, this is achieved in that when the temperature in the boiler drops below a predeterminable value, the connection between the fresh air flap and the firing regulator is decoupled and the fresh air flap moves in the closing direction relative to the firing regulator.

The invention is thus based on the consideration that after the heating process, for which the fresh air flap is opened by hand, after reaching the setpoint temperature of the boiler water which can be set in each case on the combustion controller, only within a selectable temperature range should the control of the fresh air flap take place in a conventional manner depending on the boiler water temperature, which means that the fresh air flap opens when the temperature drops, opens less when the temperature rises and finally remains closed when the preselected setpoint temperature is reached. In order to avoid undesired cooling of the boiler after the fuel has burned off or the fuel supply has been interrupted, the fresh air flap should not increase its open position further, as before, when it reaches a selectable minimum temperature, but rather come into the closed position. This ensures that the remaining amount of fuel remains as a bed of embers in the boiler and can slowly burn up, instead of being stimulated for faster combustion by increasing the fresh air supply. The thermal energy remains in the boiler and accelerated cooling of the boiler water is avoided. It also makes it easier to heat up again because the closed fresh air flap keeps the embers in the boiler for a long time. The energy saving achieved here is of considerable size and represents a very decisive factor in the event of undesired interruptions in boiler operation, be it as a result of a power failure or by preventing fuel supply. By interrupting the motion coupling between the fresh air flap and the Firing controller at the predetermined minimum temperature, the fresh air flap can already close due to its own weight, regardless of the position of the firing controller. It remains in this closed position until it is brought back into the open position by hand for a renewed heating process and a conventional automatic lock control, which is dependent on the temperature of the boiler water, occurs.

• Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung,
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung,
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Ansicht des Heizkessels mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung,
• Fig. 4 eine Vorderansicht eines mit einer weiteren Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerung versehenen Heizkessels,
• Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 5 gezeigte Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. 7 eine weitere Ausbildung einer erfindungsgemäßen Steuervorrichtung die seitlich an einem Heizkessel angeordnet ist,
• Fig. 8 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 7 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. 9 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 8 gezeigte Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. lo eine weitere Ausbildung einer Steuervorrichtung,
• _Fig. 11 eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 10 gezeigte Ansicht der Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. 12 eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 10 gezeigten Steuervorrichtung,
• Fig. 13 die Stellung der Steuervorrichtung nach Fig. lo nach Erreichen einer minmalen Kesseltemperatur und
• Fig. 14 eine abgebrochene Darstellung des Steuerhebels der Vorrichtung nach Fig. lo.

In the subclaims, configurations of the control according to the invention are preferably protected, which are explained in the following exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show here:

• 1 shows a section through an arrangement according to the invention,
• 2 is a side view of the arrangement according to the invention,
• 3 is a schematic view of the boiler with the arrangement according to the invention,
• 4 shows a front view of a boiler provided with a further embodiment of the control according to the invention,
• 5 is a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 4,
• 6 is a plan view of the control device shown in FIG. 5,
• 7 shows a further embodiment of a control device according to the invention which is arranged on the side of a boiler,
• 8 is a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 7,
• 9 is a plan view of the control device shown in FIG. 8,
• Lo shows a further embodiment of a control device,
• _F ig. 11 is a plan view of the view of the control device shown in FIG. 10,
• 12 is a side view of the control device shown in FIG. 10,
• Fig. 13 shows the position of the control device according to Fig. Lo after reaching a minimum boiler temperature and
• Fig. 14 is a broken view of the control lever of the device according to Fig. Lo.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 1 to 3 has a combustion controller 1, which is screwed into a sleeve of a boiler 4 and includes an arm 5, which in accordance with a rising or falling temperature Boiler 4 twisted.

The combustion controller 1 can be a commercially available controller which is operated by means of a spring body filled with liquid. Axially to the pivot bearing 16 of the arm 5, a disk 7 is rotatably mounted, to which an actuating arm 9 is fastened with a screw 8 and carries a chain 10 connected to a fresh air flap 3. When the arm 5 rotates due to a change in the temperature inside the boiler 4, the fresh air flap 3 is actuated via the chain 10. The fresh air damper 3 is closed during operation when the temperature rises and opened when the temperature falls to re-ignite the burning process. If, however, the temperature drops to an adjustable minimum value, the fresh air flap 3 is closed with the arrangement according to the invention.

The arm 5 carries a locking part 6, which has the shape of a two-armed lever, which is pivotably mounted on the arm S, for example by means of a screw 14. One end of the latching part 6 comes into contact with a latch 8 provided on the disk 7, which is formed by a notch, by rotating the arm 5 when the temperature drops. After the latching part 6 comes to lie in the notch, the chain 10 is tensioned and the freshness upon further rotation of the arm 5 air flap 3 opened. If the arm 5 continues to take the disk 7 with it, the fresh air flap 3 opens further. With continued pivoting of the arm 5 due to falling temperature, the second end of the latching part 6 then hits a stop 11. If the arm 5 rotates further, the stop 11 presses against the end of the latching part 6 resting against it and guides the other End of the locking part 6 out of the notch 8 so that the disc 7 can rotate back under the weight of the actuating arm 9, the chain lo and the fresh air flap 3 and the fresh air flap 3 is closed.

Usually the boiler 4 is operated at a temperature of 85 ° C. You can set the stop 11 so that at a temperature of about 65 ° C and if no other fuel is added, the locking part 6 is released by the stop 11 and the fresh air flap 3 is closed.

For renewed heating of the boiler 4, the stop 11 is turned away or adjusted so that the latching part 6 comes back into the notch 8 when the actuating arm 9 is raised, so that the arm 5 holds the disk 7 and the actuating arm 9 or the fresh air flap 3 .

After setting the desired temperature difference between the operating and closing temperatures, e.g. between 85 and 65 ° C - the setting can be made either by a corresponding adjustment of the stop 11 or also based on the various operating parameters of the boiler - the boiler 4 can be operated at any temperature exceeding 65 ° C.

The locking part 6 or the locking 8 can be designed differently. Instead of a notch 8 it is e.g. also possible to provide a pin protruding laterally from the disc against which a e.g. straight two-armed lever 6 can be applied. The stop 11 can be fastened to the combustion controller 1 via a linkage 17 or with a clamp or it can also be fastened to the wall of the boiler. It is adjusted in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the arm 5 or the disk 7.

The locking part 6 can be pressed with a spring 15 into a position in which it rests on the disk 7.

4 to 6 show a further embodiment of the control device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. This design of the control device is suitable for boilers, where it can be placed either in the front wall or in the top cover of the boiler. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, the parts which correspond to the parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are identified by the same reference numerals. The design differences lie in a simplification of the swivel arm, which here consists of a disk 7 connected to the actuating arm 9. Furthermore, the stop 11 is formed by a rod which can be pivoted parallel to the pivot axis of the disk 7 and the end of which rests against a notch 6a provided in the latching part 6. In the case of a predetermined open position of the fresh air flap 3, the end of the rod 11 abuts an advanced wall of the notch 6a and moves the latching part 6, which is designed as a two-armed lever, out of the notch 8 of the disk 7. The result is that the disc pivots relative to the arm 5a and the fresh air flap 3 closes. A change in the time of unlocking can be done by screwing in or unscrewing a pin 11a provided at the end of the stop 11.

The control device shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 corresponds completely to the control device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, only the stop 11 is bent in a U-shape at its end to be connected to the latching part 6. This modification is necessary if the control device is arranged on the side of a boiler.

In the control device shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, a fresh air flap 10 is inserted into a boiler wall 10, shown in broken representation in FIG. 10, which can be pivoted about a pivot axis 10 in a position dependent on the temperature of the boiler water by means of a chain 10 is. The opening angle of the fresh air flap lo2 is determined with the aid of a control device lo5, to which the end of the chain remote from the fresh air flap lo2 is connected.

The control device lo5 comprises a firing controller lo6, which is inserted into the boiler wall lol and fastened there by means of a nut lo7. The so-called flow temperature of the boiler water is set on this firing controller lo6. As a rule, this is in a temperature range between 6o and 80 ° C. The end of the firing controller lo6, not shown, protrudes into the boiler water and carries a temperature sensor. The measured temperature of the boiler water is transferred to an actuator of the firing controller lo6 with the aid of a generally known mechanism which is not of interest here. The actuator is designed here as a shaft lo8, as from the 11 and 12 can be seen that the part of the firing regulator lo6 located outside the boiler wall lol protrudes laterally.

An actuating arm lo9 is firmly connected to the shaft lo8 by means of a screw llo. The actuating arm lo9 projects radially outward from the shaft lo8. The rotary movements of the shaft lo8 thus bring about pivoting movements of the actuating arm lo9 in a plane perpendicular to the shaft lo8, which correspond exactly to the rotary movements of the shaft lo8. At the free end of the actuating arm lo9, a pivot arm 111 is articulated, the pivot axis 112 of which runs parallel to the shaft lo8, so that the pivoting movements of the pivot arm 111 take place in a plane which is parallel to the movement plane of the actuating arm lo9. The free end of the swivel arm 111 is connected to the end of the chain 113 remote from the fresh air flap lo2.

A locking bolt 113 is arranged on the swivel arm 111 and is designed as an angle lever which can be pivoted about an axis 114. The angle lever 113 has the task of holding the swivel arm 111 with the actuating arm lo9 in a locking or locking position in order to ensure that the swivel arm 111 moves together with the actuating arm lo9 during a selectable temperature range and in this way that of the temperature sensor lo3 of the firing controller lo6 triggered rotary movement of the Wellelo8 via the actuating arm lo9 to the swivel arm 111 and from there via the chain lo3 to the fresh air flap lo2, with the aim of ensuring that this is within the permissible fluctuation range of temperature, which is generally between 15 and 18 ° C, depending on the temperature of the boiler water measured by the temperature sensor opens or closes.

The locking described between swivel arm 111 and actuating arm lo9 is achieved with the aid of a lever arm 113a of the locking bolt 113 which, under the action of a tension spring 115 acting on the end of its other lever arm 113b and connected to the swivel arm 111, simultaneously applies to actuating arm lo9 and swivel arm 111 in this way that it overlaps the swivel arm 111 overlapping end lo9a of the actuating arm lo9. With the aid of the locking bolt 113 in the locking position, it is prevented that the torque exerted on the swivel arm 111 by the weight of the fresh air flap lo2 can trigger a swivel movement of the swivel arm 111. Rather, the free end of the swivel arm 111 moves in dependence on the movement of the shaft lo8 in a manner indicated by the double arrow, as a result of which ventilation control is achieved within the selected fluctuation range of the temperature, which differs from the conventional control, solely by means of the conventional one built-in firing controller, no difference. In other words, as soon as the firing process is completed and the temperature of the boiler water rises, the fresh air flap lo2, which is initially opened for firing by hand, is closed further and further by a movement of the swivel arm 111 in the direction of arrow 116, in order only to decrease the Temperature within the permissible temperature fluctuation range, to be opened again in accordance with a rotation of the shaft 118.

However, to prevent the fresh air flap lo2 from opening even further when the boiler water temperature falls below the permissible minimum temperature, which is lower than the lower temperature limit of the permitted temperature fluctuation range, and accelerate the burn-up of the embers bed that is still present through increased supply of fresh air, there is a control lever 117 provided. The control lever 117 is also designed as an angle lever and is pivotably mounted with its one lever arm 117a in a plate 123 connected to the firing regulator lo6 parallel to the boiler wall lol. Its other lever arm 117b carries a weight 118 at its free end. To achieve a change in length of the lever arm 11b, a thread 119 is cut into the free end of the lever arm 117b, onto which the weight 118 provided with an internal thread 12o can be screwed in a selectable manner. The swivel movement of the control lever 117 takes place in a plane parallel to the planes in which the swivel arm 111 and the actuating arm lo9 also move.

As a result of the weight 118, the lever 117 sinks onto the swivel arm 111, the weight 118 either sliding back and forth along the surface 113a of the locking bolt 113 when the shaft lo8 rotates, or when the temperature reaches a sufficiently high level, it first contacts the lever 113a and finally slides along the surface of the pivot lever 111.

If the temperature of the boiler drops, the fresh air flap lo2 opens due to a pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 111 in the direction of arrow 116 until the end face of the locking bolt 113 abuts the free end of the weight 118 of the lever 117 sliding along the pivoting lever 111. If the temperature drops further, which in practice can only be expected when the fuel supply stops, ie in the event of a power failure or another fault in the fuel supply line, the shaft lo8 will continue to rotate upward in the direction of arrow 116. The swivel arm 111 is then prevented from moving further upward by the locking bolt 113a striking the weight 118 of the control lever 117. Rather, the control lever 117 acts as one Further movement of the pivot arm 111 counter and causes a pivoting movement of the locking bolt 113 about its axis 114 in the direction of arrow 121 as soon as the force exerted by the control lever 117 on the locking bolt 113 exceeds the tensile force of the spring 115. He thus releases the locking mechanism between actuating arm lo9 and swivel arm 111. The latter can give in to the torque exerted on it by the fresh air flap lo2 and decouple from the actuating arm lo9 in order to turn the axis 112 downward in the direction of arrow 116. The end face rounded at the free end of the adjusting arm lo9 facilitates the pivoting movement of the locking bolt 113 which slides along the end face of the adjusting arm lo9.

After unlocking the locking bolt 113, the control device lo5 assumes the position shown in FIG. 13, in which the fresh air flap lo2 is completely closed and also remains until it is again manually, e.g. when the boiler is fired up again, is brought into the open position. The control device lo5 also returns to the position shown in FIG. Lo with the locking bolt 113 locked.

Since, in the unlocking process, the control lever 117 acts against the tensile force of the spring 115, a certain elasticity of the unlocking process can be achieved by appropriate selection of the spring force. This has to be taken into account see that even if the weight 118 is already pressing on the end against the locking bolt 113, this can remain in the locking position for a while, even if the temperature drops further, if the spring force is selected only sufficiently strong.

The occurrence of the unlocking of the pivot lever 111 at a temperature below the selected, adjustable temperature range can also be varied by changing the length of the arm 11b of the control lever 117. This is e.g. possible by screwing the weight 118 in or out on the thread 119 of the arm 117b. The pivoting movement of the control lever 117 is indicated by the arrow 122. With the help of the above-mentioned variation possibilities, spring force and length of the control lever, it can be achieved that the control device according to the invention is manufactured in series and can be adapted to individual requirements by means of the mentioned variation possibilities. Appropriate adjustment of the control device is therefore at the discretion of any person skilled in the art.

In the majority of cases, however, the permissible temperature fluctuation range will be 15 to 18 ° C. The temperature at which the fresh air flap lo2 closes and should also remain in the closed position, would then be about 42 to 45 ° C at a flow temperature of 60 ° C, while in the temperature range of 45 to 60 ° C the fresh air flap lo2 closes in a conventional manner depending on the position of the shaft lo8 with increasing temperature and opens when the temperature drops.

In addition to the described use of the control device, it can also be used for actuating further ventilation flaps. The ventilation of greenhouses and other rooms should be noted here. In such cases, the temperature sensor can be controlled from the outside temperature.

Claims (17)

1. Control for the movement of a fresh air flap, which is adjustable with the aid of a temperature sensor designed as a firing controller as a function of the temperature inside a boiler, characterized in that when the temperature in the boiler drops below a predeterminable value, the connection between the fresh air flap and the firing controller is decoupled is and the fresh air flap moves relative to the combustion controller in the direction of closure. 2. Control according to claim 1, characterized in that a control mechanism is provided between the fresh air flap and the combustion controller, which releases the coupling between the fresh air flap and the combustion controller when the predetermined temperature in the boiler is reached. 3. Control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control mechanism has a with the fresh air flap (3.1 ₀ 2) connected swivel arm (7,9,111), the position of which relative to one Adjusting arm (5.1 ₀ 8) of the combustion controller (1.1 ₀ 6) can be locked so that the swivel arm (7.9, 111) takes part in the movement of the adjusting arm (5.1 ₀ 8), which is dependent on the temperature inside the boiler, and that a device (11, 117) is provided for releasing the locking device which, when the predetermined temperature in the boiler is reached, releases the coupling between the actuating arm (5.1 ₀ 8) and the swivel arm (7, 9, 111), so that a pivoting movement of the swivel arm ( 7,9,111) relative to the actuating arm (5.1 ₀ 8) the fresh air flap (3, lo2), preferably due to its own weight, comes into the closed position. 4. Control according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control mechanism comprises a latching part (6) carried by the actuating arm (5) of the combustion controller (1), which with a part of the swivel arm (7) carried latching ( 8) for transmitting the movement of the actuating arm (5) to the swivel arm (7) can be locked. 5. Control according to claim 4, characterized in that the latching part (6) is formed by a pivotably mounted, two-armed lever (6) at the end of the actuating arm (5), one end of which is provided in the latch provided on the pivot arm (7, 9) (8) snaps into place and the other end of the locking arm (5) pivots against the device designed as a stop (11) to release the locking, the locking part (6) with continued movement of the adjusting arm (5) through the stop (11) from the Detent (8) can be brought out and the swivel arm (7, 9) can be swiveled relative to the actuating arm (5). 6. Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel arm (7,9) comprises a disc (7) in which the detent (8) is designed as a notch (8). 7. Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disc (7) is connected to an actuating arm (9) which is connected via a connecting link (lo) (chain or linkage) to the fresh air flap (3). 8. Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop (11) is adjustable. 9. Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Stop (11) is pivotable about an axis running parallel to the axis of the swivel arm (7, 9). lo. Control according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the swivel arm (7, 9) is rotatably mounted on or in an axis (12) of the firing controller (1) which carries the actuating arm (5). 11. Control according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control mechanism comprises a pivotable arm (111) projecting radially outward from a pivotably mounted actuator (lo8, lo9) of the combustion controller (lo6), the position of which relative to the actuator (108,109 ) can be locked within the selectable temperature range, so that it takes part in the movement of the actuator (lo8) and transmits it to the fresh air flap (lo2) and its locking can be released at the predeterminable temperature in order to be relative by a pivoting movement of the swivel arm (111) to the actuator (lo8, lo9) to allow a closed position of the fresh air flap (102), which is independent of the position of the actuator (lo8, lo9) of the combustion controller (lo6). 12. Control according to claim 11, characterized in that the actuator (108, lo9) of the firing controller (lo6) is designed as a shaft (lo8) with a radially outwardly extending actuating arm (lo9). 13. The apparatus of claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the pivot arm (111) is aligned in its locking position with the actuating arm (lo9) and can be pivoted relative to this after releasing the locking. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that for locking the swivel arm (111) a locking lever (313) designed as an angle lever is provided, which in the locked position of the swivel arm (111) with its one arm (113a) for creation abuts a stop on the actuating arm (lo9) and is held in this position by means of a pulling device (115) acting on its other arm. 15. The device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that for unlocking the swivel arm (111) a relative to Actuator (lo8, lo9) of the firing controller (lo6) is provided which can be pivoted freely and which, during one movement of the actuator (108, 109) within the selectable temperature range, slides with its one end along the actuating arm (lo9) and at the predetermined, a temperature below the temperature range mentioned causes a pivoting movement of the locking bar (113) in the sense of releasing the locking between the actuating arm (lo9) and the pivoting arm (111), so that a pivoting movement of the pivoting arm (111) relative to the actuating arm (lo9) causes a constant Closes the ventilation flap (lo2), which is independent of the position of the actuator (lo8, lo9) of the firing controller (lo6). 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the control lever (117) rests on the actuating arm (lo9) due to its gravity in connection with a weight (118) provided at its free end. 17. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that an arm (117b) serving to rest on the actuating arm (lo9) of the control lever is variable in length.

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