EP2909542B1 - Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associé et procédé d'assemblage correspondant - Google Patents

Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associé et procédé d'assemblage correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2909542B1
EP2909542B1 EP13779572.0A EP13779572A EP2909542B1 EP 2909542 B1 EP2909542 B1 EP 2909542B1 EP 13779572 A EP13779572 A EP 13779572A EP 2909542 B1 EP2909542 B1 EP 2909542B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
housing
heat
dissipator
heating module
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13779572.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2909542A1 (fr
Inventor
Frédéric PIERRON
Yannick BERNARD
Jean-Baptiste AUDOYE
Laurent Tellier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP2909542A1 publication Critical patent/EP2909542A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452—Frame constructions
    • F24H3/0458—One-piece frames
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat sink of an electric heating device intended to be traversed by a flow of air to be heated.
  • the invention applies more particularly to heating and / or air conditioning apparatus for motor vehicles.
  • the present invention also relates to the method of assembling an electric heater.
  • the document WO 2008 122 362 shows the preamble of claims 1 and 16. In the usual way, the heating of the air for heating the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, as well as demisting and defrosting is ensured by passing a flow of air through a heat exchanger, more precisely by a heat exchange between the air flow and a liquid, in general the engine coolant.
  • this heating mode may be inadequate or insufficient to ensure a rapid and efficient heating of the passenger compartment and thus may hinder the thermal comfort in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Therefore, a way of improving comfort for passengers is to quickly heat the air in the cabin, especially during the winter season.
  • a known solution consists in adding to the heat exchanger an electric heating device, otherwise called electric radiator.
  • This electric heating device comprises electric heating modules arranged to be exposed directly to the air passing through the electric heating device to achieve an almost immediate extra heat.
  • the heating modules are made in the form of heating bars; a heating bar comprising resistive elements for example with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), such as PTC stones, heat sinks and electrodes.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • a heating module or heating bar having two longitudinally extending electrodes, each enclosing a heat sink formed for example of a metal strip. pleated or corrugated and bearing against resistive elements, such as CTP stones.
  • the electrodes distribute the electric current supplied by a power source to the resistive elements.
  • the heat sink function performed by the corrugated ribbon is to exchange with the air flow the heat produced by the resistive elements CTP effect, so as to heat the flow of air passing through the heat sink.
  • the heater generally includes a frame having housing for receiving the heater modules including resistive elements, heat sinks, and electrodes.
  • Such heating modules have a major disadvantage: by their structure, these heating modules are expensive. Indeed, it comprises at least three elements: the resistive element, the electrode and the heat sink, and a support frame of all these elements. These heating modules therefore require several components or materials, which implies a significant cost.
  • the assembly of the elements of the heating modules and the assembly of the heating modules in the frame can be complex.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art by providing a simplified electric heating device by reducing the number of elements to lower the manufacturing cost of the electric heater.
  • the invention also aims to simplify or even automate the assembly process of such an electric heater or electric heater.
  • the present invention provides a solution through claims 1 and 16.
  • Such a heat sink forming a unitary block may have a function of supporting the heating elements.
  • a single heat sink block transfers the heat produced by the heating elements to the airflow to be heated.
  • the same heat sink provides this heat dissipation function for all the heating elements, and no longer a heat sink for each row of heating elements as in some solutions of the prior art.
  • the design of the heating module is simplified.
  • the heating elements such as resistive elements of positive temperature coefficient type, and the associated electrodes, are directly received in a housing of the heat sink. It is not necessary to provide for each heating structure a heat sink clamped by the electrodes and bearing against the resistive elements, all to be inserted into a housing of a support frame.
  • the invention also relates to a heating module of an electric heating device for a heating and / or air conditioning device for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one heating element and a heat sink configured to be traversed by the air flow and for transmitting the heat of the heating element to the airflow to be heated, characterized in that the heat sink is a unitary block having at least one housing for receiving at least one heating element and forming a support for said at least one element heating, the housing having at least one opening on one side of said dissipator intended to be in contact with the air flow.
  • the heating of the air can be provided by a heat exchanger, for example using the engine coolant as heat transfer liquid and / or by an electric heating device 1 , otherwise known as an electric radiator, shown schematically and partially on the figure 1 .
  • Such an electric heater 1 is arranged to be traversed by the flow of air to be heated.
  • the heating device 1 comprises a heating module 3 or several identical or different heating modules 3.
  • the electric heating device 1 of the present application traversed by a flow of air, therefore comprises at least one heating module 3 according to one of the embodiments described below.
  • the heating module 3 comprises at least one heating element 5 and a heat sink 7, 107, 207.
  • a heating module 3 may comprise at least one resistive element 5 of the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) type.
  • the resistive elements are for example made in the form of PTC stones.
  • the resistive element 5 may be of parallelepipedal shape. By its shape, this resistive element 5 comprises two large end faces 5a, 5b opposite.
  • the heating module 3 comprises a common heat sink 7, 107, 207 for all the resistive elements 5.
  • the heat sink 7, 107, 207 makes it possible to transmit the heat of the heating elements 5 to the flow of air to be heated which passes through the heating module 3.
  • This heat sink 7, 107, 207 is made of a thermally conductive metal material.
  • the material is electrically conductive. This material can be aluminum.
  • the heat sink 7, 107, 207 forms a support for the heating element (s) 5, and all the elements of the heating module 3 as will be detailed later.
  • the heat sink 7, 107, 207 is in the form of a unitary block which has at least one receiving housing 9, 209 of at least one heating element 5.
  • the heating module 3 comprises several rows of resistive elements 5, as an illustrative example three rows of three PTC stones 5, and a heat sink 7 made in one piece.
  • the heat sink 7 is for example made in the form of a deformed support plate in which the deformations form at least one housing of receiving the resistive elements, for example by stamping or molding.
  • the support plate formed by the heat sink 7 has a generally parallelepipedal general shape.
  • the length L and the width 1 are defined schematically on the figure 1 .
  • the flow of air to be heated passes through the heating module 3 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the general plane P defined by the heat sink 7.
  • This heat sink 7 has two opposite faces of inlet and outlet air, in the direction of flow of the air flow to be heated.
  • the heat sink 7 is adapted to receive at least one heating element 5, here a resistive element in the form of PTC stone 5.
  • the heat sink 7 has for this purpose at least one receiving housing 9 of one or more resistive elements 5 and at least one heat dissipation zone 11 for dissipating the heat produced by the resistive elements 5 towards the flow of air passing through the heat sink 7.
  • the dissipator 7 is able to receive three resistive elements 5 in a receiving housing 9 and has three receiving housings 9.
  • Each housing 9 is therefore dimensioned so as to receive at least one resistive element 5 in its entirety here, three resistive elements 5 in their entirety.
  • the resistive elements 5 are arranged in the housings 9 so as to be exposed directly to the flow of air passing through the heat sink 7.
  • the housings 9 have at least one opening on one side of the dissipator 7 intended to be in contact with the air flow passing through the dissipator 7.
  • the opening is provided on the airflow outlet face of the dissipator 7.
  • the housing 9 is therefore semi-open which facilitates the assembly of the elements of the heating module 3 to the dissipator 7, as will be described later.
  • a receiving housing 9 is according to the first illustrated embodiment made with a substantially U-shaped cross section, as is best seen on the figure 2 .
  • This housing 9 extends and is continuous in the direction of the length L of the support plate formed by the heat sink 7.
  • a housing 9 and the resistive element or elements 5 received in the housing 9 extend substantially perpendicular to the direction of the air flow.
  • a housing 9 has a solid surface that is to say not perforated, so that it is not crossed by the air flow to be heated.
  • a housing 9 is provided for fixing one or more resistive elements 5.
  • the fixing can for example be done by gluing, using an adhesive 10 (cf. figure 2 ) such as a silicone adhesive.
  • the resistive element or elements 5 are arranged in electrical and thermal contact with the heat sink 7.
  • the latter is connected to ground. More specifically, a resistive element 5 is arranged in a housing 9 associated with a first end face 5a in electrical and thermal contact with the heat sink 7.
  • the heat sink 7 forms a support for the various elements of the heating module 3.
  • a receiving housing 9 is also able to receive an electrode 12.
  • This electrode 12 is in the form of a plate extending longitudinally in the direction of the length L of the heat sink 7 .
  • the electrode plate has a terminal 12a for connection to a power source (not shown).
  • the connection terminal 12a forms a projection relative to the heat sink 7, in the direction of the length L.
  • the electrode 12 is arranged on the resistive element or elements 5 received in the associated receiving housing 9. According to the illustrated example, an electrode 12 is arranged on three PTC stones 5 in an associated housing 9.
  • a resistive element 5 has two large opposite faces 5a, 5b, with a large face 5a in electrical and thermal contact with the heat sink 7, and the other large face 5b of a resistive element 5 in electrical contact with the electrode plate 12.
  • a resistive element 5 is arranged between on the one hand the heat sink 7 and on the other hand an associated electrode plate 12.
  • an additional layer 13 in particular a silicone deposit, on the elements received in a receiving housing 9 of the heat sink 7.
  • This additional layer 13 is provided for maintaining contact between the electrode plate 12 and the resistive element (s) 5 received in the associated housing 9 as well as for the protection of these elements. This guarantees a certain reliability and robustness of the heating module 3.
  • This additional layer 13 is an electrical insulating layer, such as a silicone layer. The electrical insulating silicone is thermal conductor, so as to participate in the heat transfer between the heating elements 5 and the flow of air passing through the heating module 3.
  • the heat sink 7 also comprises at least one heat dissipation zone 11.
  • the heat dissipation zone 11 is intended to exchange heat with the air flow passing through the heating module 3 and therefore through the heat sink 7. It is meant by exchanging heat with the air flow that the air flow passes right through the heat dissipation zone 11 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane P defined by the heat sink 7 and thus increases its temperature in contact with this heat dissipation zone 11.
  • This heat dissipation zone 11 has a plurality of louvers 15, better visible on the figures 2 and 3 .
  • louvers 15 are for example made by cutting and folding.
  • the louvers 15 have a substantially "U" -shaped cross section and each comprise a large substantially rectangular face 15a defining the length of the louver 15 and two small lateral faces 15b, 15c to a flat wall 17 of the heat dissipation zone 11.
  • the louvers 15 are contained in a plane substantially parallel to the plane P.
  • louvers 15 spaced apart over the entire heat dissipation zone 11 in the direction of the length L of the heat sink 7 are provided. In other words, the louvers 15 follow one another in the direction of the length L of the heat sink 7.
  • a heat dissipation zone 11 is therefore distinct from the housing of reception 9.
  • a receiving housing 9 and a heat dissipation zone 11 are of different structures. Indeed, a housing 9 has a solid surface not perforated and thus is not traversed right through by the air flow to be heated, while the heat dissipation zone 11 is perforated and is traversed from one side to the other by the flow of air to be heated.
  • a housing 9 is the site of attachment of one or more resistive elements 5 on the heat sink 7 and allows to conduct the heat produced by the resistive elements 5 to the heat dissipation zone 11, the heat dissipation zone 11 allows for its part to dissipate the heat produced by the resistive elements 5 towards the flow of air passing through the heat dissipation zone 11.
  • the heat sink 7 may comprise a plurality of housings 9 and dissipating zones 11. More specifically, the heat sink 7 may comprise an alternation of housings 9 and dissipating zones 11. According to the illustrated example, the heat sink 7 has three housings 9 and four dissipating zones 11 arranged alternately. This alternation is done according to the width 1 of the heat sink 7. In this way, a housing 9 is adjacent to two heat dissipation zones 11 intended to exchange heat with a flow of air passing through the heat sink 7. The housings 9 and the heat dissipation zones 11 of the heat sink 7 are contained in the same plane P.
  • the housings 9 and the heat dissipation zones 11 are secured to the heat sink 7.
  • a heat sink 7 is produced in the form of a unit block as previously described.
  • the heat sink 7 is made in one piece from a metallic material.
  • the housings 9 and the heat dissipation zones 11 are formed in one piece with the heat sink 7. There is thus a single piece made by simple stamping or molding.
  • a cutting step can be used to cut the material to the desired dimensions. Then, it is possible to form, for example by stamping or molding, at least one semi-open receiving housing 9, for example of substantially U-shaped cross-section, and at least one heat-dissipating zone 11 capable of being traversed on the one hand. in part by the flow of air to be heated. Louvers 15 may for example be made by cutting and folding at the heat dissipation zone (s) 11.
  • the glue 10 such as silicone glue, is disposed at the receiving receptacles 9 of the heat sink 7.
  • a heating element such as a resistive element 5 is arranged in an associated housing 9 covered with adhesive 10.
  • the resistive elements 5 are fixed in the associated housing 9 of the heat sink 7 by means of the adhesive 10.
  • the fixing of a resistive element 5 is such that a first large face 5a is in contact with the heat sink 7.
  • an electrode plate 12 is placed on the resistive element or elements 5 received in a housing 9.
  • This electrode plate 12 is placed on the second large free face 5b of the resistive element or elements 5 received in the associated housing 9 .
  • the electrode plates 12 are for example pre-coated with glue to allow attachment to the resistive elements 5.
  • the arrangement of the plates electrode 12 on the resistive elements 5 received in the housing 9 is simplified due to the semi-open housing 9 with their opening at one side, for example airflow outlet, the heat sink 7.
  • the process may then comprise a pressing step ( figure 4e ) and a step of heating the assembly for example by passing through an oven. This step makes it possible in particular to harden the glue used for fixing the resistive elements 5 in the housings 9 and the electrodes 12.
  • the method may also include a step of deposition of an additional layer 13 for maintaining the contact between the electrodes 12 and the associated resistive elements 5 in a receiving housing 9 of the heat sink 7.
  • This additional layer 13 is an insulating layer electrical, such as a layer of thermal conductive silicone. This layer of electrical insulation also ensures the mechanical maintenance of the elements received in the housing 9 while allowing control of the heat dissipation.
  • the heat sink block 107 comprises a support plate 119, for example made of aluminum, and dissipation fins 121, for example made of aluminum.
  • the assembly can be fixed by gluing or soldering thereby forming a unitary block.
  • the dissipation fins 121 are arranged at the heat dissipation zones 111 of the heat sink 107.
  • the receiving housings 109 are made with a "U" cross-section and extend in the length direction L of the heat sink 107.
  • the resistive elements 5, the electrodes 12, and a possible layer 13 of thermal conductive and mechanical mechanical insulation, are identical to the first embodiment.
  • the steps of the assembly method are substantially the same as for the first embodiment.
  • the difference lies in the phase of obtaining the heat sink block 107 comprising dissipating fins 121.
  • the dissipation fins 121 may be made in one piece with the heat sink 107 and the housings 109, for example by molding.
  • the dissipating fins 121 may be soldered or bonded to the housings 109 to form a heat sink 107 in the form of a unitary block.
  • the heat sink block 207 has a support plate 219 comprising housings 209 and dissipating fins 221.
  • This third mode differs from the first and second embodiments in that the housings 209 have a substantially tubular shape and have a cross section of substantially rectangular shape as shown in FIG. figure 8 .
  • the housings 209 may have an opening on one side of the heat sink 207 intended to be in contact with the air flow, such as the airflow outlet face.
  • the housings 209 are made in the form of partially open tubes.
  • heating structures 223 are arranged in the associated housings 209 of the heat sink 207.
  • the shape of the housing 209 is complementary to the shape of the heating structures 223.
  • a heating structure 223 comprises a predefined number of heating elements 5, in particular coefficient-type resistive elements.
  • positive temperature for example made in the form of PTC stones 5 and two electrodes 212 and 212 '.
  • the two electrodes are arranged on either side of the resistive elements 5, in the direction of the width 1 of the heat sink 207, once assembled to the heat sink 7, and extend longitudinally.
  • the electrode 212 is for example the positive electrode and the electrode 212 'the negative electrode.
  • the resistive elements 5 are electrically isolated from the heat sink 207, using an insulation envelope 225.
  • This insulation envelope 255 surrounds the heating elements 5 and the electrodes 212 and 212 'associated for the isolate heat sink 207.
  • the insulation envelope 255 is for example made Kapton.
  • a heat sink 207 is produced in the form of a unitary block as described according to the third embodiment.
  • a support plate 219 having housings 209 in the form of a partially open tube is formed, and heat dissipation zones 211 comprising dissipating fins 221.
  • the same material, for example aluminum, is used for support plate 219 and fins 221.
  • the assembly may be assembled by gluing or soldering, or alternatively fins 221 may be made in the same mold as support plate 219 and housing 209.
  • a second step ( figure 10b ) at least one assembled heating structure is inserted during a preliminary step into an associated housing 209.
  • a heating block is thus obtained, the elements of the heating module 3: the resistive elements 5, the electrodes 212, 212 ', and the insulation envelope 225, being worn. by the heat sink 207.
  • a heat sink 7, 107, 207 forms a unitary unit advantageously made of the same material and preferably in one piece, and serves as a support for the all of the elements of the heating module 3, in particular for the resistive elements 5 and the associated electrodes 12, 212, 212 '.
  • the method of assembling a heating module 3 is thus simplified because it requires less step, and can be easily automated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP13779572.0A 2012-10-19 2013-10-17 Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associé et procédé d'assemblage correspondant Active EP2909542B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1259983A FR2997168B1 (fr) 2012-10-19 2012-10-19 Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associe et procede d'assemblage correspondant
PCT/EP2013/071777 WO2014060546A1 (fr) 2012-10-19 2013-10-17 Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associé et procédé d'assemblage correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2909542A1 EP2909542A1 (fr) 2015-08-26
EP2909542B1 true EP2909542B1 (fr) 2018-02-21

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EP13779572.0A Active EP2909542B1 (fr) 2012-10-19 2013-10-17 Dissipateur thermique, module chauffant associé et procédé d'assemblage correspondant

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20150300686A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2909542B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6301938B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20150074088A (ja)
CN (1) CN104823004B (ja)
FR (1) FR2997168B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2014060546A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013172603A1 (ko) * 2012-05-16 2013-11-21 한라비스테온공조 주식회사 차량용 히터
FR3035764A1 (fr) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-04 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Radiateur electrique pour dispositif de chauffage et de climatisation
FR3035765A1 (fr) * 2015-04-29 2016-11-04 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Radiateur electrique pour dispositif de chauffage et de climatisation
IT201700065507A1 (it) * 2017-06-13 2018-12-13 Irca Spa Resistore flessibile

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014060546A1 (fr) 2014-04-24
CN104823004B (zh) 2018-10-26
JP6301938B2 (ja) 2018-03-28
EP2909542A1 (fr) 2015-08-26
CN104823004A (zh) 2015-08-05
FR2997168B1 (fr) 2018-09-14
FR2997168A1 (fr) 2014-04-25
JP2015536435A (ja) 2015-12-21
US20150300686A1 (en) 2015-10-22
KR20150074088A (ko) 2015-07-01

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