EP2892856A1 - Unité d'extrusion et installation de séchage équipée de celle-ci - Google Patents

Unité d'extrusion et installation de séchage équipée de celle-ci

Info

Publication number
EP2892856A1
EP2892856A1 EP13759494.1A EP13759494A EP2892856A1 EP 2892856 A1 EP2892856 A1 EP 2892856A1 EP 13759494 A EP13759494 A EP 13759494A EP 2892856 A1 EP2892856 A1 EP 2892856A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extruder unit
surface portion
base support
doctor blade
biomass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13759494.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sven PENKWITT
Karl-Heinz BECHTL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huber SE
Original Assignee
Huber SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huber SE filed Critical Huber SE
Publication of EP2892856A1 publication Critical patent/EP2892856A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/26—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic on endless conveyor belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/252—Drive or actuation means; Transmission means; Screw supporting means
    • B29C48/2522—Shaft or screw supports, e.g. bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
    • B29C48/272—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/301—Extrusion nozzles or dies having reciprocating, oscillating or rotating parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/465—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using discs, e.g. plasticising the moulding material by passing it between a fixed and a rotating disc that are coaxially arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/023—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the material being a slurry or paste, which adheres to a moving belt-like endless conveyor for drying thereon, from which it may be removed in dried state, e.g. by scrapers, brushes or vibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an extruder unit for a drying plant for biomass, wherein the extruder unit has to be passed by the biomass and having a plurality of perforations surface portion, wherein the extruder unit comprises a base support which communicates via a connecting portion with a drive element and on the Drive element about a rotational axis and relative to the surface portion is driven, wherein the base support comprises at least one support arm with at least one doctor blade, which follows the rotation of the base support the shape of the doctor blade facing surface of the surface portion.
  • a drying plant for biomass wherein the drying plant has at least one drying surface with a plurality of passages, wherein the drying plant comprises at least one air supply for supplying drying air in the region of the drying surface, and wherein the drying plant has at least one extruder unit, with their Help the biomass can be applied to the drying surface, wherein the drying surface and the extruder unit are mounted relative to each other movable.
  • an extruder drying units are known in the art and are usually the drying of pasty biomass, such as (sewage) sludge.
  • the drying surface and the extruder unit are mounted so as to be movable relative to one another, wherein the relative movement is preferably coordinated so that the biomass is deposited in a serpentine shape after leaving the extruder unit and as an endless strand on the drying surface.
  • the drying surface is in turn associated with an air supply, with the aid of which warm and / or dried drying air can be conveyed through the drying surface provided with corresponding air passages.
  • the track In this case, contact air comes into contact with the biomass and causes it to dry to a desired dry substance.
  • the extruder unit usually has a perforated plate with a plurality of perforations, through which the biomass is pressed by applying a corresponding overpressure and thereby brought into the desired strand shape, which promises a high surface area and thus rapid drying of the biomass.
  • the extruder unit Since sludge in addition to unproblematic fines also contains coarse material (fiber material, hair, etc.), which could cause clogging or picking the perforations of the perforated plate, it has been proven to equip the extruder unit with a blade unit.
  • the blade unit in turn has one or more doctor blades, which are movable by means of a drive relative to the perforated plate and thereby cause a shearing of accumulated in the openings coarse materials.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose an extruder unit and a drying plant equipped therewith, which mentioned problem.
  • the extruder unit now comprises a surface section having a plurality of perforations, which is formed for example by a, preferably circular, perforated plate (the openings themselves preferably have a circular, oval or cross-shaped or star-shaped cross section).
  • the area section in turn serves for the described strand formation of the biomass supplied via a corresponding feed (for example a pipe or a hose).
  • a corresponding feed for example a pipe or a hose.
  • at least one doctor blade is provided, which is attached to a rotatable base support or part thereof. The doctor blade is also aligned with respect to the surface portion such that it follows the shape of the doctor blade facing surface of the surface portion upon rotation of the base support.
  • the doctor blade In addition to the shearing or cutting of accumulated in the openings of the surface portion impurities (fibers, hair, etc.), the doctor blade also has the task of providing the biomass when passing through the openings with a kind of predetermined breaking point. In other words, the biomass flow when passing through the openings through the scraper blade or cut repeatedly and then connects immediately afterwards with the inflowing biomass flow, whereby corresponding sections with lower density or strength arise.
  • the drive of the basic carrier preferably takes place via a drive element, for example a drive axle, which is connected to a drive and to the basic carrier or a connecting section thereof.
  • the doctor blade is thus guided along the surface of the surface section facing the doctor blade (preferably by a rotational movement of the base support) and performs the function of the blade carrier described above and known from the prior art.
  • the base support comprises at least one breaker element, which is formed integrally with the base support or connected thereto.
  • the breaker element which likewise follows the shape of the surface of the surface section facing the doctor blade when the base support is rotated, now causes the coarse particles retained by the surface section to be crushed by the doctor blade only along the surface section without passing through it.
  • the breaker element has an active surface facing the surface section, wherein the distance between the active surface and the surface section should decrease counter to the direction of movement of the base carrier. In this case, coarse materials first come into contact with the crusher element between said active surface and the surface section.
  • the active surface of the crusher element opposite the surface portion should be set opposite the surface portion, so that coarse particles are increasingly pressed against the surface portion during contact with the crusher element and are thereby comminuted.
  • the crusher element not only serves for the comminution of hard constituents of the biomass. Rather, also components with a tough, clay-like consistency (for example, pressed in a (chamber filter) press mud components) are detected and pressed or passed through the openings of the surface portion.
  • the crusher element ensures that all the components that are not conveyed through the perforations due to their shape and / or consistency, detected by the crusher element, possibly crushed and finally pressed or pushed through the openings of the surface portion ,
  • the breaker element is cylindrical.
  • the breaker element can be present, for example, as a roll rigidly connected to the base carrier, which is guided along the surface section.
  • the roller can z. B. have a central axis extending radially from the base carrier to the outside.
  • the roll surface forms in this case the said effective surface of the breaker element, which, in interaction with the surface section, causes a comminution of correspondingly large coarse materials of the biomass.
  • the roller can be made of metal or else a plastic. Furthermore, in addition to a cylindrical shape and a cone (dull) form conceivable.
  • the roller may also have a smooth or roughened, for example, corrugated, surface to ensure that the corresponding coarse materials are not simply pushed in front of the roller due to the friction occurring, but are reliably crushed by this.
  • the crusher element is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation on the base carrier.
  • the crusher element is the described roller, the friction between the roller surface and the surface section can thereby be reduced (this is advantageous if the crusher element bears directly against the surface section).
  • the axis of rotation or a central axis of the (possibly non-rotatably mounted on the base support) crusher element extends parallel to each of the crusher element adjacent region of the surface portion. The distance between breaker element and surface section is constant in this case over the entire extension of the breaker element.
  • the surface portion is present as a flat perforated plate and the breaker element is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the base support or perpendicular to a central axis of the perforated plate.
  • the breaker element has a play that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, so that the distance between the breaker element and the surface section adjacent thereto can be changed.
  • the biomass contains hard and edged substances (eg small stones) which tend to tilt between a rigid breaker element and the surface section.
  • the crusher element now has the abovementioned clearance, then it can avoid corresponding constituents of the biomass, so that the comminution of these components gradually, i. H. by repeated contact with the crusher element, can take place.
  • the doctor blade with the surface portion forms an angle whose magnitude has a value between 75 ° and 105 °, preferably a value between 80 ° and 100 °, particularly preferably a value between 85 ° and 95 °.
  • the scraper blade should therefore be in the area in which it rests against the surface section, as low as possible run right to this.
  • the scraper blade in this case primarily serves for shearing off impurities accumulated in the perforations of the surface portion, such as, for example, textiles, fibers or hair accumulations.
  • the comminution of coarse matter takes over the breaker element (s) according to the invention.
  • the base support comprises at least one brush element, which also follows the shape of the surface of the surface section facing the doctor blade during a rotation of the base support.
  • the brush element is preferably located directly against the surface portion and extends radially outwardly from a central axis thereof. As a result, it comes with rotation of the base support to the said axis in contact with the entire surface portion and causes a cleaning of the same.
  • the brush element is preferably also mounted on a support arm of the base support, wherein the support arm may be part of the base support or attached thereto.
  • doctor blade and / or the breaker element and / or the brush element are releasably secured to the base support.
  • This is a, z. B. wear-related, replacement of said components at any time, without having to replace the entire extruder unit.
  • the components could be bolted to the base support, the corresponding screws could either engage in a thread of the base support or the respective component. It is also conceivable to use the respective screw as an axis, on which finally the corresponding component, for example oscillating about the axis, can be suspended.
  • doctor blade and / or the brush element in each case between two adjacent shark are stored sections of a support arm of the base support.
  • the support arm U-shaped wherein the doctor blade or the brush element is held between the two legs and the base of the U-shape formed by the base support or connected thereto, for example welded, is.
  • the support arms extend radially outward with respect to a longitudinal axis of the drive element.
  • this therefore preferably has a plurality of outwardly projecting support arms, wherein one or more may be equipped with a doctor blade and one or more with a brush element.
  • one or more support arms may be present, to which the breaker element is attached, which of course can also be arranged directly on the base support.
  • the surface portion is formed as a perforated plate.
  • the perforated plate preferably has a circular shape, so that the surface of a doctor blade, a brush element and / or a breaker element can be painted, which extends from a central axis of the perforated plate radially outward.
  • the drive element is designed as a drive axle, which preferably penetrates the surface section in the center.
  • the thrust bearing is placed on the side facing away from the doctor blade side of the surface portion and presses the perforated plate against the doctor blade.
  • the thrust bearing may comprise, for example, a threaded-nut combination, wherein tightening the screw an increase of the contact pressure on the thrust bearing causes.
  • drying installation according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that it has an extruder unit with one or more of the features described so far or below (where the individual features can be combined as desired with the feature of the crusher element according to the invention, as far as this is technically possible).
  • the drive element for example in the form of a drive axle
  • a drive whose direction of rotation can be reversed. If, during operation of the extruder unit, a decrease in the extruder output or a clogging of the described surface section are detected, it would be possible in this case to reverse the direction of rotation of the drive. This can finally cause a loosening of the clogging or a dissolution of canted components of the biomass with a component of the extruder unit, so that the risk of failure of the extruder unit can be further reduced.
  • the drying installation has a reversibly drivable drive (eg in the form of an electric motor), so that the direction of rotation of the drive can be reversed with the aid of a control and / or regulating unit.
  • the control and / or regulating unit can be in communication with one or more sensors which can detect, for example, a blocking of the drive element.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a section of a drying plant for sludge
  • FIG. 3 shows a partially sectioned side view of an extruder unit according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows the top view of the extruder unit shown in FIG. 3, and FIG.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of an alternative extruder unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a drying plant 2 for sludge 12 (whereby sludge 12 is chosen only as an example of a biomass to be dried and is not to be understood as limiting).
  • the drying plant 2 generally comprises a drying surface 19 with a plurality of only indicated passages 21, which allow a passage of drying air, which in turn is introduced from one, for example below the drying surface 19, arranged air supply 20 in the drying plant 2.
  • the drying surface 19 is formed by a drying belt, which is wound around two shafts 25 and can be driven via at least one of the shafts 25.
  • the drying plant 2 has a along a guideway 24 and by means of a drive reciprocable extruder unit 1, with the help of the biomass to be dried (which is supplied to the extruder unit 1 via a hose or pipe, not shown) controlled on the Drying surface 19 can be applied.
  • the extru- derisme 1 in known drying systems usually consists of a perforated plate 16 (see Figure 3) and a relative to the perforated plate 16 movable blade unit 22, as shown for example in Figure 2.
  • this may, for example, have a central bore 23, via which it is non-rotatably connected to a drive shaft, not shown, of a motor unit. Knife unit 22 and perforated plate 16 are in turn within a mostly cylindrical delivery section, via which the biomass of the extruder unit 1 is supplied under a certain pressure.
  • the biomass is pressed against the perforated plate 16, penetrates the holes of the perforated plate 16 and passes in the form of biomass strands (see Figure 1) on the drying surface 19.
  • the blade unit 22 shown in FIG. 2 could possibly be dispensed with in the processing of a homogeneous biomass, it has proven particularly useful in the processing of inhomogeneous masses, such as, in particular, sludge 12.
  • the individual blade wings of the blade unit 22, which bear against the perforated plate 16, during a relative movement between the perforated plate 16 and blade unit 22 shearing off impurities (clogging by hair, textile fibers, etc.) and thus keeping the holes of the perforated plate 16.
  • sludge 12 eg sewage sludge
  • blockage of the perforated plate 16 occurs again and again, which is caused, on the one hand, by cracks which can not be detected by the blade unit 22 or by coarse materials which can not be detected and crushed by the blade unit 22.
  • the coarse materials are generally very heavily pressed sludge constituents which are then absorbed by the blade unit 16 on the perforated plate 16.
  • the coarse materials are, in particular, sludges with a dry substance of more than 35% be guided along and always block a part of the holes of the same.
  • the extruder unit 1 therefore has one or more additional components which serve to solve the described problem and are described in more detail below, initially with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 (the openings 3 in FIG. 4 are not shown for reasons of clarity ).
  • the extruder unit 1 has a base carrier 5, which is non-rotatably connected in the region of a connecting section 6 (eg via positive locking, see FIG. 4) to a drive element 7, for example a drive shaft 17.
  • the drive element 7 is in turn connected to a drive (not shown) (eg an electric motor) and allows a rotation of the base support 5 about the longitudinal axis 15 of the drive element 7 and relative to a fixedly placed surface section 4 (FIG. wherein the surface portion 4 has a plurality of apertures 3 for the passage and may be formed, for example, as a perforated plate 16).
  • the surface section 4 is preferably surrounded at its peripheral region by a wall (not shown) adapted to the circumference of the surface section 4, so that the biomass coming from above can reach the drying surface 19 only via the surface section 4.
  • the wall also extends to above the components shown in Figure 3 and opens, for example, in a delivery hose through which the biomass is supplied.
  • the base support 5 in turn comprises a doctor blade 10 (for example in the form of a metal plate with or without sharp-edged contact surface for contact with the surface portion 4), which is attached to a support arm 9 of the base support 5 or part thereof.
  • the support arm 9 can also be integrally formed with the base support 5 or attached to this, for example, welded, be.
  • the extruder unit 1 now comprises a crusher element 11, which follows the shape of the surface of the surface section 4 facing the doctor blade 10 during a rotation of the base carrier 5 in accordance with the movement of the doctor blade 10. While the doctor blade 10 primarily serves for shearing off partially fixed in the openings 3 of the surface portion 4 clogging, the crusher element 1 1 has the task during its common rotation with the base support 5 to effect comminution of coarser components of the biomass and thus blocking the To prevent breakthroughs 3.
  • the breaker element 1 1 differs from the doctor blade 10 in principle in that it has a cooperating with the surface portion 4 mating surface, which approximates to the surface portion 4.
  • the crusher element 11 is cylindrical and preferably rotatable about an axis of rotation 8 (of course, a non-rotatable embodiment is also conceivable).
  • the axis of rotation 8 preferably extends parallel to the surface section 4, wherein the crusher element 11 (eg in the form of a hollow cylinder) can be held on the axis of rotation 8 with the aid of an end-side fixing 28.
  • the fixation 28 can be a bending of the axis of rotation 8 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) or else a screw placed on the front side, which prevents the breaker element 11 from being pulled off the axis of rotation 8.
  • the breaker element 1 1 now causes by the decreasing in the direction of movement stood between the surface of the crusher element 1 1 (in the example shown, the roll surface) and the surface portion 4 a crushing of retained components of the biomass, so that, for example, mud 12 can be processed with a dry matter of over 50%, without causing a failure the extruder unit 1 comes.
  • the crusher element 11 may have a certain play relative to the component holding the crusher element 11 (eg the rotation axis 8 shown). However, the clearance should be less than the diameter of the apertures 3 to ensure the desired size reduction of larger biomass components.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possibility of producing the necessary contact pressure between the doctor blade 10 and the surface section 4.
  • the drive shaft 17 in the lower region has a thread 27 and a cooperating nut 26. If the nut 26 is tightened, this is pressed against a thrust bearing 18 and in this case presses the surface portion 4 against the doctor blade 10.
  • the contact pressure of the doctor blade 10 (for example, depending on the unavoidable wear) can be readjusted at any time without the individual components would have to be removed.
  • FIG. 5 shows two further possible developments of the invention.
  • a pivot bearing 29 for example, a screw connection engaging in a slot in the doctor blade 10 or the support arm 9
  • the support arm 9 it may also be advantageous to form the support arm 9 by two adjacent holding portions 14, between which the doctor blade 10 is held.
  • the extruder unit 1 can have one or more brush elements (s) 13 in addition to the scraper blade (s) 10 or the crusher element (s) 11.
  • the brush element 13 shown by way of example in FIG. 5 should in turn bear against the surface section 4 (compare the position of the doctor blade 10 in FIG. 3) and finally causes clogging or other fibrous impurities or impurities not covered by the doctor blade 10 which are already partially present in the perforations 3 of the surface portion 4 are again pulled out of these and the surface portion 4 (as it were in a further start-up) pass elsewhere or from the doctor blade 10 (which may be formed, for example, blade-shaped) can be crushed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité d'extrusion pour une installation de séchage (2) pour biomasse, en particulier pour boue, l'unité d'extrusion (1) possédant une partie de surface (4) que doit passer la biomasse et une pluralité de passages (3), l'unité d'extrusion (1) comportant un support de base (5) qui est en liaison par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de liaison (6) avec un élément d'entraînement (7) et peut être entraîné par l'élément d'entraînement (7) autour d'un axe de rotation (8) et par rapport à la partie de surface (4), le support de base (5) comportant au moins un bras porteur (9) pourvu d'au moins un grattoir (10) qui suit la forme de la superficie de la partie de surface (4) orientée vers le grattoir (10) lors d'une rotation du support de base (5). Selon l'invention, le support de base (5) comporte en outre au moins un élément broyeur (11) qui suit également la forme de la superficie de la partie de surface (4) orientée vers le grattoir (10) lors d'une rotation du support de base (5) et qui a pour effet de broyer des ingrédients contenus dans la biomasse qui sont retenus par la partie de surface (4) pendant la rotation du support de base (5). L'invention concerne également une installation de séchage comprenant au moins une unité d'extrusion correspondante.
EP13759494.1A 2012-09-10 2013-09-05 Unité d'extrusion et installation de séchage équipée de celle-ci Withdrawn EP2892856A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012108404.1A DE102012108404A1 (de) 2012-09-10 2012-09-10 Extrudereinheit und damit ausgerüstete Trockungsanlage
PCT/EP2013/068330 WO2014037424A1 (fr) 2012-09-10 2013-09-05 Unité d'extrusion et installation de séchage équipée de celle-ci

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EP2892856A1 true EP2892856A1 (fr) 2015-07-15

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US (1) US9827704B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2892856A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112015002087A2 (fr)
DE (2) DE102012108404A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014037424A1 (fr)

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DE202014000237U1 (de) 2014-01-08 2014-02-18 Traugott Albert Vorrichtung, insbesondere zum Trocknen von feuchten Bio-Massen
WO2015155631A1 (fr) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-15 3E Nutrition Limited Traitement et produit de matériau de déchets
AT516777B1 (de) * 2015-01-30 2017-07-15 Andritz Tech And Asset Man Gmbh Aufgabevorrichtung für pastöse Produkte auf ein Band
DE102015106120A1 (de) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-27 Huber Se Verfahren zum Trocknen von Feuchtgut sowie Trocknungsanlage
CN104941514A (zh) * 2015-05-26 2015-09-30 安徽大地节能科技有限公司 一种平模颗粒机
CN111844679A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2020-10-30 安徽科瑞特模塑有限公司 一种防积料的注塑挤出机构
CN110549578B (zh) * 2019-08-22 2021-07-30 浙江南一塑料机械有限公司 一种拉丝机
CN110484323B (zh) * 2019-08-22 2020-12-22 安徽群升建筑工程有限公司 一种应用于园林绿化的废弃料处理装置
CN110815772A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-21 郑州大岭塑胶制品有限公司 一种单储料缸式四层塑料中空成型模头
CN111604005B (zh) * 2020-05-26 2021-09-24 嘉兴学院 一种磷煤制球过程中的废气再循环系统
CN112648839A (zh) * 2021-01-21 2021-04-13 冷晓山 一种具有固液分离功能的有机肥烘干设备
CN112923663A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-06-08 来宾天脊化肥有限公司 一种生物有机肥原料加工装置
CN113446816B (zh) * 2021-04-28 2022-07-01 四川国沃生物科技有限公司 一种有机肥粉碎及烘干装置
CN114797665B (zh) * 2022-03-11 2024-01-23 浙江耀飞生物科技有限公司 一种可降尘饲料制粒设备

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014037424A1 (fr) 2014-03-13
BR112015002087A2 (pt) 2017-07-04
US9827704B2 (en) 2017-11-28
DE202012012605U1 (de) 2013-10-11
US20150239164A1 (en) 2015-08-27
DE102012108404A1 (de) 2014-05-15

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