EP1166879A1 - Dispositif et procédé de broyage de déchets encombrants, ménagers et industriels et similaires - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de broyage de déchets encombrants, ménagers et industriels et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1166879A1
EP1166879A1 EP01111626A EP01111626A EP1166879A1 EP 1166879 A1 EP1166879 A1 EP 1166879A1 EP 01111626 A EP01111626 A EP 01111626A EP 01111626 A EP01111626 A EP 01111626A EP 1166879 A1 EP1166879 A1 EP 1166879A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tools
shaft
crushing
rotation
breaking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01111626A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Jürgen Machura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMB Anlagen Maschinen Bau GmbH
Original Assignee
AMB Anlagen Maschinen Bau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMB Anlagen Maschinen Bau GmbH filed Critical AMB Anlagen Maschinen Bau GmbH
Publication of EP1166879A1 publication Critical patent/EP1166879A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for crushing bulky waste, household and Commercial waste and the like, with at least a first and a second wave, which in a machine frame rotatable about its substantially horizontal Longitudinal axes are supported and can be driven by at least one drive. there the waves define a gap between them.
  • the device also has the circumference of the shafts with axially intervening for breaking crushing tools arranged in sufficiently wide spaces.
  • the invention further relates to a method for crushing bulky waste, household and industrial waste and the like by means of crushing tools by at least one Drive are driven.
  • a first part of the tools is around a first one, in Main horizontal axis and a second part of the tools is around one second, essentially horizontal axis rotatable.
  • Shredding devices with sharp-edged, disc-like cutting tools known with sawtooth-shaped claws axially on two parallel shafts are offset from one another and are arranged so that they are mutually comb through the garbage while shearing.
  • the disadvantage of these devices or The corresponding procedure is that the edges of the cutting tools are very wear out quickly. These therefore often have to be reground or even replaced become. In this respect, the process is very maintenance-intensive.
  • the tools protrude radially over the circumference of the type Waves out.
  • the tools are spaced axially on each of the tools Waves arranged. They comb through as the waves rotate a side comb that is essentially in a horizontal plane on the Gap opposite side of each of the shafts is arranged stationary. Both Shafts have the same circumference and rotate in normal operation during the Shredding synchronously, i.e. the tools have the same speed and move in the opposite direction, viewed from above.
  • Another known shredding device has on both shafts in Alternate circumferential direction several tools and intermediate Recesses on.
  • the tools and recesses of one shaft are closed those of the others arranged offset in the circumferential direction, so that in the synchronous Rotation of both shafts a tool of the one shaft into a recess between two successive tools in the circumferential direction engages another wave.
  • a comminution device of the type described in the opening paragraph has one in the Gap between the two waves arranged middle comb.
  • the middle ridge has a comb structure on both sides with alternating grooves and webs, which by is combed through the tools of the shafts bordering on both sides.
  • the tools consist of double-sided in and against the direction of rotation Hooks the garbage during the synchronous rotation of both shafts in normal operation in the direction of the middle ridge.
  • the garbage is combed through the Middle comb through the moments of force between the rotating tools and the fixed ridges of the middle ridge broken or torn and not cut. Accordingly, the grooves are in this shredding device the combs significantly wider than the width of the tools in the axial direction.
  • the Tools are designed as crushing tools, i.e. they need just like that Middle ridge no sharp edges. The device is therefore not as prone to wear.
  • problem substances for example garbage with components that can be removed of the device described last can not be easily crushed, cause regularly the following problems: flexible problem substances, e.g. Rolls of carpet, are transported by the crushing tools towards the central ridge, there but not captured enough to be shredded. Such problematic substances are deposited on the webs. Other problematic substances are too massive, so that Forces of the device are not sufficient to shred it at once. On yet another problem arises when typically through a funnel Rubbish fed above the waves without using the crushing tools on the Waves come into contact in the funnel canting and slipping prevented further garbage.
  • flexible problem substances e.g. Rolls of carpet
  • Such problematic substances are deposited on the webs.
  • Other problematic substances are too massive, so that Forces of the device are not sufficient to shred it at once.
  • Another problem area are, for example, springs that are about the Wind up hook-shaped breaking tools and / or the shaft and block it or at least their effective insert length, i.e. the clear height of the crushing tools over wave surface. Such springs can are not wiped off the combs in normal or reverse operation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a comminution device and a shredding process for bulky waste, domestic and commercial waste and the like create that is less prone to failure with comparable effort.
  • the speed of the crushing tools the first wave higher than the speed of the crushing tools is second shaft and at least the first shaft has a direction of rotation that seen from above in the direction of the gap and their breaking tools are arranged and dimensioned on the first and the second shaft in such a way that due to the relative movement during the rotation of the shaft (s) at least one Breaking tool of the first shaft into a space between two breaking tools the second shaft and / or at least one breaking tool of the second Shaft into a space between two crushing tools of the first shaft intervenes.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention solved by positioning the two axes so that both parts of the crushing tools in normal operation at different speeds, at least by rotating the first part of the crushing tools of seen above in the direction of the second axis, and intermeshing relative to each other move, creating moments of force to crush the garbage essentially between at least one breaking tool of the first axis and one Breaking tool of the second axis are generated.
  • the directions of rotation are in normal operation opposite waves, oriented towards each other when viewed from above.
  • the advantage of the invention is that the moments of force for comminution of the garbage between two movable at different speeds Breaking tools arise while in the known crushing devices one of the interacting elements, namely the central ridge, is stationary and only the breaking tool moves.
  • the moments of power at the known devices are therefore always in and against the first approximation Direction of rotation at the point of penetration of the breaking tool through the central comb directed.
  • Positions vary at different speeds, which for one different pairs of crushing tools can be engaged and on the other hand the position of the crushing tools in pairs may be different at the time of the intervention.
  • the directions of the moments of force are thus more diverse than the known devices, what malfunctions avoids the described type in many cases.
  • the different speeds of the breaking tools of both shafts in that the shafts are the same Scope and the crushing tools of the first shaft and the crushing tools of the second wave each have the same headroom, but the waves asynchronously are driven, i.e. the speed of the first shaft is higher than the speed the second wave is.
  • the crushing tools have the first wave and the second wave each have an asymmetrical fin-shaped Hook profile, which in the case of the first shaft in its direction of rotation and in the case of second shaft opposite to the direction of rotation is curved during normal operation.
  • the shape of the crushing tools which are tapered towards their outer end, enables automatic cleaning during the rotation of the shafts Wiping off problematic substances, for example around the breaking tools have wound up on two fixed combs, each on the gap horizontally opposite side of the shafts and parallel to them in the machine frame are arranged.
  • the orientation of the crushing tools on the second Welle enables this during normal operation.
  • the crushing tools of the first If necessary, the shaft can be cleaned in reverse operation.
  • the method preferably includes the direction of rotation and / or the speed to switch both shafts when an overload or an underload is detected.
  • The is achieved according to the invention in that the shafts or their drives are each equipped with (torque) sensors that are dependent on the an analog or digital torque is required to shred the waste Generate load signal, along with at least one preselectable threshold for an overload and / or an underload by a controller to one Control signal for driving the shafts to control the direction of rotation and / or Speed is processed.
  • the direction of rotation is advantageous of the second part of the crushing tools while maintaining the lower Reverse speed and in a second step the direction of rotation of the first Reverse some of the crushing tools while maintaining the higher speed and increase the speed of the second part of the crushing tools.
  • the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 has a first shaft 10 and a second Shaft 20, which are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the two waves have same perimeter and are spaced apart so that they are between them define a gap 11.
  • the first shaft 10 has on its peripheral surface 12 a variety of crushing tools 14, both in the circumferential direction also spaced axially from the adjacent crushing tools are. All crushing tools 14 have the same width in the axial direction. As well are all distances between two axially adjacent crushing tools equal. This results in circumferential spaces 16, which are rotating in the axial direction with arrangements in the circumferential direction Alternate crushing tools 14.
  • a plurality of crushing tools 24 arranged so that circumferential spaces 26 with an arrangement in Alternate circumferential direction of rotating tools 24.
  • the crushing tools 24 of the second shaft 20 are offset in the axial direction from the crushing tools 14 of the first shaft 10 is arranged so that it with the spaces 16 correspond.
  • the crushing tools 14 correspond in a corresponding manner with the gaps 26.
  • the breaking tools 24 are on the second shaft wider in the axial direction than the breaking tools 14, but narrower than the gaps 16 between the crushing tools 14 on the first shaft, whereby in each case gaps 13 between the interlocking in the area of the gap 11 Breaking tools arise.
  • Both the breaking tools 14 and the breaking tools 24 have a clear Height above the respective circumferential surface 12 or 22 of the waves, which is slightly less is than the width of the gap 11 between the waves, so that also between the front ends of the crushing tools and the opposite Waves gaps 15 arises.
  • the crushing tools 14 as well as the crushing tools 24 are theirs nearest neighbors on the same shaft in axial and radial Direction staggered so that seen in the circumferential direction Form a V-shaped grouping.
  • FIG. 2 shows the same embodiment of the invention Device with a machine frame 30 that on its top a funnel-shaped opening 32 for filling the garbage and on its underside has a section 34 with straight vertical side walls between which the arrangement of both shafts 10, 20 is.
  • a side comb pointing in the direction of the waves 36, 38 arranged.
  • the teeth of the side ridges protrude close to the peripheral surfaces 12, 22 of the shafts and are arranged in the axial direction so that they engage in the spaces 16, 26 between the crushing tools 14, 24 (not recognizable in this view).
  • the direction of rotation of the shafts is indicated by arrows 18 and 28 respectively.
  • the arrow 18 indicates that the shaft 10 according to FIG. 2 is clockwise, ie from above seen in the direction of the gap 11 rotates.
  • Shaft 20 rotates according to arrow 28 counterclockwise and viewed from above also in the direction of the gap 11.
  • the length of the arrows also indicates that the shaft 10 is in the operating mode 2 rotates at a higher speed than shaft 20.
  • Exemplary Speeds for the first shaft 10 is 40 revolutions per minute and accordingly 5 revolutions per minute for the second shaft 20.
  • the crushing tools 14 and 24 can be seen in this view in profile. she have a fin-shaped hook profile and are the same on both shafts Arranged way.
  • the curvature of the breaking tools 14, 24 points in relation to the Direction of rotation in the case of the first shaft 10 in the same direction while the crushing tools 24 of the second shaft 20 are curved against their direction of rotation.
  • an arrangement of circumferential breaking tools 14, 24 on each of the shafts consists of four of these crushing tools in angular increments of 90 °.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show an embodiment of the device according to the invention, which differs from the first exemplary embodiment in the number, arrangement and configuration of the breaking tools.
  • Fig. 3 it can be seen that the width of the crushing tools 14 ', 24' of both shafts in the axial direction is the same.
  • the section (FIG. 4) shows that the first shaft 10 only has arrangements of two opposing crushing tools 14 'in the circumferential direction.
  • the second shaft 20, however, is equipped with an annular arrangement 25 ', each of which contains 6 breaking tools 14' in angular steps of 60 °.
  • the directions of rotation 18, 28, rotational speeds and orientations of the tools are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • the operating mode indicated by the arrows 18, 28 according to FIGS. 2 and 4 is the normal operation of the device, that is, the operation for comminuting the Waste. Due to the direction of rotation of both shafts, garbage that is above the shafts is filled in the funnel of the housing 30 and with the crushing tools Waves come into contact, first transported in the direction of the gap 11. by virtue of the higher speed of the shaft 10, the breaking tools 14 move in the gap 11 with a relative speed on the breaking tools 24 of the Wave 20 to. The arrangement of the breaking tools 14, 14 'is combed through them How the arrangement of the crushing tools 24, 24 ', see. Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, and crushes the garbage transported into the area of the gap 11. The crushing tools 24, 24 'of the shaft 20 take over the function of the known fixed Middle crest, however, are due to their independent movement in contrast, much more flexible.
  • the curvature of the breaking tools 24, 24 'against the direction of rotation of the corresponding one Shaft 20 causes, if necessary, the crushing tools 28 coiled wire or accumulated garbage during normal operation and the side comb 38 can be stripped.
  • the first stage of the so-called Reversing operation in a reversal of the direction of rotation 28 of the shaft 20 The shafts still rotate asynchronously, i.e. the speed of the shaft 20 is maintained, while the shaft 10 continued at the same, higher speed and in the rotates in the same direction of rotation as before in normal operation.
  • the result of this first stage is that the moments attacking the garbage to be shredded have different directions than normal operation. For example, kick on the column entry side on top of both shafts by the fast Rotation of the shaft 10 in the left region of the gap 11 downward forces and by the rotation of the shaft 20 in the right area of the gap 11 upwards directed forces. On the one hand, this creates a torque by that the waste is fed to the following crushing tool in a different orientation can be.
  • the crushing tools of both shafts move in the The center of the gap continues against each other, causing a body to enter the gap can also be crushed in the first stage of reversing operation.
  • the crushing tools 24, 24 'of the second shaft 20 move in this operating mode also towards the side comb in the direction of its curvature and can consequently break up the garbage at this point.
  • the crushing tools 14, 14 'on the shaft 10 rotate in the second stage of the Reverse operation in the opposite direction of their curvature and can thus any garbage or coiled wire deposited on the side comb 36 strip. Unlike the breaking tools 24, 24 ', these continue to move in Direction of their curvature towards the corresponding side comb and can break garbage there.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP01111626A 2000-06-09 2001-05-12 Dispositif et procédé de broyage de déchets encombrants, ménagers et industriels et similaires Withdrawn EP1166879A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000128191 DE10028191A1 (de) 2000-06-09 2000-06-09 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zerkleinern von Sperrmüll, Haus- und Gewerbemüll u. dgl.
DE10028191 2000-06-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1166879A1 true EP1166879A1 (fr) 2002-01-02

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EP01111626A Withdrawn EP1166879A1 (fr) 2000-06-09 2001-05-12 Dispositif et procédé de broyage de déchets encombrants, ménagers et industriels et similaires

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EP (1) EP1166879A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10028191A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009285544A (ja) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-10 Nikko Co Ltd 破袋機
CN102974420A (zh) * 2012-12-17 2013-03-20 上海国砼环保设备有限公司 截辊破设备以及基于该设备的建筑垃圾辊压破碎站
CN103691514A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-02 吴章荣 一种用于垃圾分类的破碎机
CN106179643A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-07 广州市联冠机械有限公司 一种双轴差速物料撕碎控制方法
DE202016101549U1 (de) * 2016-03-22 2017-06-26 Crush + Size Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg Zweiwalzenbrecher
CN112808382A (zh) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-18 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 一种辊缝微调装置、破碎机及破碎机辊缝控制方法

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10120765A1 (de) * 2001-04-27 2002-10-31 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Mehrwalzenbrecher
DE10333359B3 (de) 2003-07-23 2005-01-20 Vecoplan Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Abfälle
DE10344289B4 (de) * 2003-09-23 2005-12-29 Forus Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von sperrigen Materialien, insbesondere von Müll
DE102009038984B4 (de) * 2009-08-20 2013-07-11 HAAS Holzzerkleinerungs- und Fördertechnik GmbH Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Stückgut
CN110152777A (zh) * 2018-03-02 2019-08-23 淄博名堂教育科技有限公司 一种高效市政施工砂石清洗烘干设备
CN109529989A (zh) * 2018-12-10 2019-03-29 勇猛机械股份有限公司 一种齿形直辊型籽粒破碎装置
CN112221594A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-01-15 安徽康博特保健食品有限公司 一种蛋白粉原料的粉碎装置及其使用方法
CN112691727B (zh) * 2021-01-06 2022-03-29 常州厚德再生资源科技有限公司 一种废电池筛选处理的粉碎机
CN115382616B (zh) * 2022-09-05 2023-06-27 广东银豪塑胶制品有限公司 一种塑料破碎装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE691460C (de) * 1939-05-04 1940-10-11 August Rupieper Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von zaehem, sperrigem Gut
FR1186383A (fr) * 1957-10-14 1959-08-21 Appareil pour l'émottage de matières agglomérées
DE2702177A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Kloeckner Gmbh & Co Geb Walzenzerkleinerungsmaschine
GB2094663A (en) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-22 Kone Oy Crush roll pair for relatively soft material such as coal
DE29616319U1 (de) * 1996-09-19 1996-12-12 Ströer, Martin, 56424 Moschheim Walzenbrecher
EP0753347A1 (fr) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-15 ENCO Energie Componenten Gesellschaft m.b.H. Dispositif de broyage de matériaux durs, de préférence de déchets biogènes

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE6812977U (de) * 1968-12-23 1972-04-06 Bohmter Maschf Maschine zum granulieren von sperrmuell bzw. sperrigen abfaellen jeglicher art.
DE3910115C3 (de) * 1988-04-13 1994-04-28 Duesterloh Gmbh Walzenbrecher

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE691460C (de) * 1939-05-04 1940-10-11 August Rupieper Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von zaehem, sperrigem Gut
FR1186383A (fr) * 1957-10-14 1959-08-21 Appareil pour l'émottage de matières agglomérées
DE2702177A1 (de) * 1977-01-20 1978-07-27 Kloeckner Gmbh & Co Geb Walzenzerkleinerungsmaschine
GB2094663A (en) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-22 Kone Oy Crush roll pair for relatively soft material such as coal
EP0753347A1 (fr) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-15 ENCO Energie Componenten Gesellschaft m.b.H. Dispositif de broyage de matériaux durs, de préférence de déchets biogènes
DE29616319U1 (de) * 1996-09-19 1996-12-12 Ströer, Martin, 56424 Moschheim Walzenbrecher

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009285544A (ja) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-10 Nikko Co Ltd 破袋機
CN102974420A (zh) * 2012-12-17 2013-03-20 上海国砼环保设备有限公司 截辊破设备以及基于该设备的建筑垃圾辊压破碎站
CN103691514A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-02 吴章荣 一种用于垃圾分类的破碎机
DE202016101549U1 (de) * 2016-03-22 2017-06-26 Crush + Size Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg Zweiwalzenbrecher
CN106179643A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-12-07 广州市联冠机械有限公司 一种双轴差速物料撕碎控制方法
CN112808382A (zh) * 2021-01-04 2021-05-18 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 一种辊缝微调装置、破碎机及破碎机辊缝控制方法
CN112808382B (zh) * 2021-01-04 2022-08-16 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 一种辊缝微调装置、破碎机及破碎机辊缝控制方法

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