EP2891753B1 - Timber frame building made of special blocks - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of building houses in half-timbered construction. This construction method has been known for centuries. Here, a wall is erected by placing supports on a foundation and fills the spaces between two adjacent columns. The supports are generally made of wood. The compartments can be filled with any materials, such as bricks or clay or plastic.

The half-timbered construction has proven itself into modern times. She is just under construction.

AT163275B shows a truss structure whose wall is filled with large stone blocks. These stones have a recess on one side to be inserted into the bracing bars.

US3196582A1 shows a masonry that has to withstand explosions, and consists of concrete blocks. The concrete blocks have recesses on two opposite corners, into which supports are inserted. The channel between the stones is filled with cement.

The invention has for its object to provide a half-timbered building, which is of extremely simple construction, which can be created quickly and without expertise, the components are inexpensive, and has a low energy consumption.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

• Wenigstens eine der Wände umfasst radiale Stützen mit dazwischen befindlichen Blöcken.
• Jeder Block enthält ein isolierendes Material oder besteht aus einem solchen.
• Wenigstens einige Blöcke weisen auf beiden Seiten vertikale Aussparungen auf, die sich durch den Block hindurch erstrecken.
• Die Stützen sind in die Aussparungen eingesteckt.

The basic idea is accordingly in the following features:

• At least one of the walls comprises radial supports with blocks therebetween.
• Each block contains or consists of an insulating material.
• At least some blocks have vertical recesses on both sides that extend through the block.
• The supports are inserted in the recesses.

The processes mentioned can be carried out very easily by unskilled persons. First, a plurality of rows of blocks are arranged one above the other, in such a way that the vertical recesses are aligned with each other. Then posts are inserted into the recesses. The positions at which the supports are inserted, are therefore mandatory. This makes mounting a wall extremely easy. Even a layman can not go wrong; he only has to insert a support into each vertical recess.

This is different in conventional truss constructions. Here first the wood structure must be built. Only then are the spaces between the wood structure filled with any material, such as blocks, stones, etc.

When using the invention, there is no need for bonding compound between the blocks. Due to the dimensionally accurate orientation of the blocks they are joined together, so that they fit tightly against each other.

According to the invention, the recesses in the blocks are formed as edge-open recesses. This means that the supports can be inserted from the side, that is in the horizontal direction, in the recesses, and not need to be threaded from above into the relevant support.

The material of the blocks is an insulating one. Here everything comes into consideration - straw, plastic, pressed wood flour, etc. The block can be designed so that it has no carrying properties, but only performs a thermal insulation function. But it can also have wearing properties.

The invention can be applied to any kind of buildings, thus residential buildings, holiday homes, multi-family houses, stables, houses with any roof shape. The invention is particularly applicable to kits for playing for children or adolescents or adults.

Figur 1

zeigt einen Block in Draufsicht.

Figur 2

zeigt einen Block in Vorderansicht.

Figur 3

zeigt einen Block in einer Ansicht von hinten.

Figur 4

ist eine Draufsicht auf Blöcke, die nach einem ersten Muster zusammengefügt sind.

Figur 5

ist eine Draufsicht auf Blöcke, die nach einem zweiten Muster zusammengefügt sind.

Figur 6

ist eine Seitenansicht einer Wand aus Blöcken und Stützen, von der Außenseite her gesehen.

Figur 7

zeigt die Wand von der anderen Seite aus gesehen.

Figur 8

ist eine Draufsicht auf die Wand gemäß der Figuren 6 und 7.

Figur 9

zeigt die Wand gemäß der Figuren 6 und 7 mit diagonal angebrachten Latten.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. The following is shown in detail:

FIG. 1

shows a block in plan view.

FIG. 2

shows a block in front view.

FIG. 3

shows a block in a view from behind.

FIG. 4

is a plan view of blocks that are joined together according to a first pattern.

FIG. 5

is a plan view of blocks that are joined together according to a second pattern.

FIG. 6

is a side view of a wall of blocks and columns, seen from the outside.

FIG. 7

shows the wall as seen from the other side.

FIG. 8

is a plan view of the wall according to the FIGS. 6 and 7 ,

FIG. 9

shows the wall according to the FIGS. 6 and 7 with diagonally mounted slats.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown block 1 is made of a heat-resistant material. Natural materials such as straw, cut wood, pressed wood chips, but also artificial materials such as polystyrene or other plastics are considered.

The block 1 can be produced by any kind of production, for example by molding, pressing, casting.

Each block 1 has two recesses 2 in the present case. Each recess 2 is passed through the block 1 and thus connects two opposing surfaces of the block with each other. Out FIG. 1 it can be seen that the block 1 forms the contour of an S. FIG. 1 also indicates that the block is twice as long as it is wide. See the dimensions a and b.

The FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the use of the blocks 1 in plan view. The two figures differ from each other by a different arrangement of the blocks. 1

The FIGS. 6 and 7 show a wall composed of a plurality of blocks 1 and a number of supports 3. The supports 3 are inserted into said recesses. The recesses 2 must therefore be aligned.

The supports 3 are made of wood. The supports 3 can be inserted into the recesses 2 such that they are closely enclosed by the material of the blocks 1. There is thus between the blocks 1 and the supports 3 a non-positive connection. Instead, a small gap between the individual support 3 and the blocks 1 prevail.

The support will generally be anchored in the foundation, not shown here. But it is also conceivable that she is held alone by the blocks 1.

The upper ends of the supports 3 form supports 4 for horizontal beams. Since the recesses 2 are offset in a block 1 against each other - see FIG. 1 -, Are also the supports 4 of the supports 3 offset from each other. If this were not so, then the storage of said horizontal bars would be statically indefinite.

FIG. 8 shows the wall according to the FIGS. 6 and 7 in plan view. One recognizes again a number of blocks 1 and in the recesses 2 plugged supports. 3

FIG. 9 again shows a wall according to the FIGS. 6 and 7 On the wall a plurality of diagonally extending slats 5 are fixed, for example by nailing to the supports 3. The slats attack with their lower ends on the foundation, not shown, and with their upper ends on the roof construction, for example, on one here shown ceiling, which rests on the supports 3.

• Die Montage ist extrem einfach und kann von Laien durchgeführt werden.
• Die Baukosten sind daher extrem niedrig.
• Da die Aussparungen randoffen sind, lassen sich die Stützen in die Aussparungen einlegen, sodass die Außenflächen der Stützen und die Außenflächen der Blöcke miteinander bündig sind. Die Stützen stehen somit nicht vor.
• Bei der Wand lassen sich die Funktionen "Tragen" und "Isolieren" voneinander trennen. Bei der Auswahl der Blöcke kann man sich daher voll und ganz auf die Isolationseigenschaften konzentrieren.
• Die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung erlaubt es ohne weiteres, in der Wand Freiflächen vorzusehen, beispielsweise für Fenster oder Türen.
• Eine erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion ist erdbebensicher aufgrund der guten Verriegelung zwischen Blöcken und Stützen.
• Besonders dann, wenn die Blöcke aus leichtem natürlichem Material bestehen, beispielsweise aus gepresstem Stroh, gepresstem Torf usw., ist das Gewicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Mauerkonstruktion gering. Solche Blöcke können ganz einfach durch Fügen vereinigt werden, somit ohne jegliche Verbindungsmasse wie Mörtel. Deswegen können auch die Fundamente einfach und von geringer Tragfähigkeit sein.

The invention brings numerous advantages:

• The assembly is extremely simple and can be done by laymen.
• The construction costs are therefore extremely low.
• Since the recesses are open at the edge, the supports can be inserted into the recesses so that the outer surfaces of the supports and the outer surfaces of the blocks are flush with each other. The supports are therefore not available.
• For the wall, the functions "carry" and "isolate" can be separated. When selecting the blocks you can therefore concentrate fully on the insulation properties.
• The design according to the invention makes it readily possible to provide free spaces in the wall, for example for windows or doors.
• A construction according to the invention is earthquake-proof due to the good locking between blocks and supports.
• Especially when the blocks are made of lightweight natural material, such as pressed straw, pressed peat, etc., the weight of a wall construction according to the invention is low. Such blocks can be easily combined by joining, thus without any bonding compound such as mortar. Therefore, the foundations can be simple and of low load capacity.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

block

2

recess

3

support

4

In stock

5

bar

Claims (8)

1. Timber-framed building, comprising

   1.1 a foundation;

   1.2 the walls of the timber-framed building are formed of blocks (1) which contain insulating material or are made of such material; the walls constructed from the blocks are free of mortar or other jointing compound;

   1.3 wall-height wooden supports (3) which support the roof of the timber-framed building;

   1.4 the blocks (1) are rectangular and are made of straw or of peat or of plastic or of composite material or of wood;

   1.5 at least some of the blocks (1) have vertical cutouts (2) on both wall sides;

   1.6 the cutouts (2) are open-edged;

   1.7 the cutouts (2) of blocks (1) located on top of each other are aligned with one another;

   1.8 the supports (3) are inserted in the cutouts (2);

   1.9 the opposite cutouts (2) of the individual block (1) are offset with respect to each other such that the block (1) forms an S in plan view;

   1.10 the cutouts (2), as seen in a horizontal plane, are offset with respect to each other perpendicularly to the wall.
2. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that each block (1) has two cutouts (2), one of which adjoins the inner side of the wall and the other of which adjoins the outer side of the wall.
3. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocks (1) are produced by pressing, moulding or casting.
4. Building according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the building has a roof.
5. Building according to claim 4, characterized in that transverse struts (5) are provided, which are fixedly connected to the supports (3).
6. Building according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the roof is constructed in a manner analogous to the walls.
7. Building according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the walls and/or the roof has cutouts for installing doors and windows, and in that the cutouts are created by inserting objects during the construction of the building.
8. Building according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by use in toy format or as a construction set for play purposes.

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