EP2863403B1 - Transformateur - Google Patents

Transformateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2863403B1
EP2863403B1 EP13004986.9A EP13004986A EP2863403B1 EP 2863403 B1 EP2863403 B1 EP 2863403B1 EP 13004986 A EP13004986 A EP 13004986A EP 2863403 B1 EP2863403 B1 EP 2863403B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
winding
core
transformer according
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13004986.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2863403A1 (fr
Inventor
Benjamin Weber
Frank Cornelius
Jiahua ZHANG
Martin Carlen
Thorsten Steinmetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP13004986.9A priority Critical patent/EP2863403B1/fr
Priority to ES13004986.9T priority patent/ES2580007T3/es
Priority to KR20140137471A priority patent/KR20150045364A/ko
Priority to US14/514,980 priority patent/US9583252B2/en
Priority to CN201410550838.8A priority patent/CN104575994A/zh
Publication of EP2863403A1 publication Critical patent/EP2863403A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2863403B1 publication Critical patent/EP2863403B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/26—Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H01F27/263—Fastening parts of the core together
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/025—Constructional details of transformers or reactors with tapping on coil or windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49071—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by winding or coiling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transformer, comprising a transformer core having at least three core legs arranged parallel to one another perpendicular to the corner points of a base area defined by a polygon, which pass in their respective two axial end regions on both sides into a respective yoke segment arranged transversely thereto and one each around a respective core leg in a hollow cylinder-like winding region arranged main winding, wherein the magnetic cross section of a respective core leg is greater than the magnetic cross section of a respective yoke segment ( EP 2 490 231 ).
  • transformers are used in electrical power distribution networks to couple power supplies of different voltage levels together.
  • Such transformers are often designed as dry transformers in a consumer or near-generator voltage level and have, for example rated voltages in the range of 1 kV to 6kV on the low side and rated voltages in the range of 10kV to 30kV on the upper side, with corresponding power ratings in the range of, for example, 0.5 MVA to 10 MVA lie.
  • rated voltages in the range of 1 kV to 6kV on the low side
  • 10kV to 30kV rated voltages in the range of 10kV to 30kV on the upper side
  • power ratings in the range of, for example, 0.5 MVA to 10 MVA lie.
  • the rated power of a transformer depends on the performance of an associated wind turbine.
  • the undervoltage windings are often designed wound from a strip conductor, the width of a strip conductor usually corresponds to the complete axial length of a respective transformer winding.
  • the number of undervoltage-side windings for example, in the range of ten turns, especially in applications for wind turbines, where the generator side generated voltage is correspondingly low and is set by the transformer to a higher operating level.
  • the active part of a transformer has a closed iron circuit and at least one upper and lower voltage winding with integer, closed turns around the respective core leg.
  • the induced voltage per closed conductor loop depends on the mains frequency, flux density and core cross section.
  • the disadvantage is on the one hand that a high-voltage side arranged tap changer is very complex to manufacture due to the high voltage stress and that the regulation of the voltage can be minimal in thatodersstufung, which corresponds to the induced voltage of a complete turn. With voltage regulation, the minimum control level is therefore limited to the voltage difference between two turns. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of the aforementioned undervoltage band windings, because due to the relatively low total number of windings, for example in the region of ten, a fine regulation around the nominal ratio is not possible.
  • a transformer of the aforementioned type This is characterized by a respective additional winding electrically connected to a respective main winding, which is arranged around a respectively associated yoke segment
  • the basic idea of the invention is to reduce the induced voltage of one or more complete windings, which are provided for control purposes, in that they do not comprise the magnetic cross section of a complete core leg, but rather enclose the cross section of a respective yoke.
  • the cross section of a yoke is typically smaller than the cross section of a complete core leg.
  • the transformer core has the base area of an equilateral triangle.
  • Such forms are known, for example, under the name "hexaformer” or "delta core”.
  • a delta core has, for example, three frame-like, ring-wound segments which, according to a triangular ground plan, join together to form a triangular transformer core.
  • the symmetrical For example, the shape of such a transformer core for three-phase transformers advantageously promotes symmetrical operating behavior.
  • the circumferential cross section of a frame-like, wound core segment is equal along its circumference.
  • the cross section of a core leg is formed by the sum of the cross sections of two adjacent sides of adjacent core segments, while a yoke has the circumferential cross section of a single frame segment, wherein a total of three core legs and six yokes are formed with each half magnetic cross-sectional area.
  • the magnetic cross-sectional area of a respective yoke segment is half the magnetic cross-sectional area of a respective core leg.
  • the main and / or the auxiliary windings are formed by a respective ribbon conductor.
  • Ribbon conductors are particularly suitable for the absorption of high currents, which is particularly advantageous for a respective low-side winding.
  • ribbon conductors have a correspondingly high fill factor.
  • At least one winding of a respective additional winding is guided through a gap in the yoke segment.
  • the voltage induced in the corresponding turn of the additional winding voltage can be further reduced, because now only a part of the magnetic cross-sectional area of the yoke is enclosed by the winding and the induced voltage therefore fails correspondingly lower.
  • a further refinement of the Stufungsabête to the nominal ratio is possible in a simple manner, for example, a control range of +/- 15% in increments of 1.5%.
  • a yoke is particularly suitable, at least along a portion of its axial extent to be divided by a gap in two cross-sectional areas, because a consequent increase in the geometric cross section (with the same magnetic cross-section) does not increase the size of the transformer. If a gap were arranged in the leg region of a transformer, an effective reduction of the magnetic cross section would result at least in the gap region due to the limited amount of space within a coil surrounding the respective leg with a constant geometric cross section.
  • the subdivision can be arbitrary in principle to meet the requirements of controllability, z. B. 1/3, or 1/4.
  • Specific voltage levels can also be realized by placing several turns around a part of the yoke, for example 3 turns around 1/4 of the yoke cross section or 4 turns around 1/5 of the yoke cross section. If the windings are placed separately around a part of the yoke cross-section, the wiring can be used by the choice of the winding sense or the polarity of the (additional) winding, to make them either additive or subtractive. This makes it possible to reduce the number of (additional) turns required for the voltage controllability.
  • the respective additional winding is provided with a plurality of accessing to different windings of the respective auxiliary winding taps.
  • the auxiliary winding has a fine graduation region which is characterized by taps of turns of the additional winding guided through the respective gap of a yoke. These each have an induced voltage, which is less than the induced voltage of the respective yoke completely comprehensive turn.
  • a coarse graduation range can be provided, which is characterized by taps of the yoke each completely comprehensive turns.
  • transformer switching means are provided to selectively connect the main winding with one of the taps of the auxiliary winding, so that the number of active turns of the electrically connected main and auxiliary winding is thus adaptable.
  • separate switching means are provided for coarse and fine grading range of the auxiliary winding.
  • the switching means comprise a tap changer and / or power electronic components.
  • Tap changers have proved their worth for the selective selection and connection of taps of a transformer winding as a standard component.
  • power electronic components such as thyristors or IGBTs are also provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary first transformer in a sectional view 10.
  • a triangular transformer core (delta core) is formed of three frame-like wound core segments, each of which the lower yoke segment with the Reference numeral 12, 14, 16 is provided.
  • Corresponding core segments 18, 20, which have the double cross-section of a respective yoke 12, 14, 16, are formed on the contact surfaces of adjacently arranged core segments.
  • Around the core legs 18, 20 around respective main windings 22 are arranged, which are electrically connected to each of the yoke segments 12, 14, 16 arranged additional windings 24.
  • a voltage regulation of a respective main winding 22 can be refined by the less graded voltage induction in the auxiliary winding 24 in an advantageous manner.
  • FIG. 12 shows an exemplary second transformer in plan view 30.
  • a triangular transformer core 50 is hollowly surrounded at its three legs by interleaved radially inwardly disposed first undervoltage primary primary windings 32, 38, 44 and radially outer secondary secondary main windings 34, 40, 46 primary primary windings arranged on the voltage side are in each case electrically connected to auxiliary windings 36, 42, 48 arranged around the respective upper yokes, which in turn each have a plurality of turns with tappings which are connected to a respective tap changer for adaptation of the transmission ratio, which however is not shown in FIG. is shown.
  • FIG. 3 shows a similar transformer as in the FIG. 2 but in a side view 60.
  • a respective core leg is indicated by a dashed rectangle with the reference numeral 62 and a respective yoke segment with a dashed rectangle by the reference numeral 64, both of which differ in their magnetic cross section by a factor of two.
  • Disposed about the core legs 62 are respective first 66 and second 68 main windings which are electrically connected to auxiliary windings 70 disposed about respective yoke segments 64.
  • the peculiarity of the additional windings 70 is that they do not comprise the entire cross section of a respective yoke, but that they are guided through a gap in the yoke, so that each winding is induced a lower voltage than if the entire yoke cross section were included. This allows a finer voltage regulation.
  • the so-called Hexaformerkern shown here which made bundled each wound arranged laminated cores is, offers itself in a special way for this purpose, because in the yoke regions in a particularly simple manner, a gap between adjacent laminated cores can be provided.
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary interconnection 80 of a main 82 and additional winding 84. These are each electrically connected in series, the additional winding 84 has a plurality of taps 86, which can be tapped off either by means of a switching means 88, a tap changer. At the beginning and end of the series connection electrical connections 90 and 92 are provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through an exemplary yoke segment 100, the total magnetic cross section through a first cross-sectional area 102 and a second cross-sectional area 104 is formed with a gap 106 therebetween, through which two turns 108, 110 of an additional winding are guided.
  • the additional winding can be connected via taps 112, 114.

Claims (9)

  1. Transformateur (10, 30, 60), comprenant :
    - un noyau de transformateur (50) comportant au moins trois branches de noyau (62) disposées perpendiculairement les unes aux autres au sommet d'une surface de base sous-tendant un polygone, lesquels branches de noyau passent respectivement, dans leurs deux zones d'extrémité axiales, de part et d'autre, dans un segment de culasse respectif (12, 14, 16, 64) disposé transversalement à celles-ci,
    - un enroulement principal respectif (22, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 66, 68, 62) disposé autour d'une branche de noyau respective (62) dans une zone d'enroulement du type cylindre creux,
    - dans lequel la section transversale magnétique d'une branche de noyaux respectives (62) est supérieure à la section transversale magnétique (100) d'un segment de culasse respectif (12, 14, 16, 64),
    caractérisé par
    - un enroulement supplémentaire respectif (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) électriquement connecté à un enroulement principal respectif (22, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 66, 68, 62), lequel enroulement supplémentaire est disposé autour d'un segment de culasse (12, 14, 16, 64) respectif associé.
  2. Transformateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le noyau de transformateur (50) présente la surface de base d'un triangle équilatéral.
  3. Transformateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement principal (22, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 66, 68, 62) et/ou supplémentaire (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) est/sont formé(s) par un conducteur plat respectif.
  4. Transformateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau de transformateur (50) est un noyau de type hexaèdre ou delta.
  5. Transformateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface en section transversale magnétique (100) d'un segment de culasse respectif (12, 14, 16, 64) est égale à la moitié de la surface en section transversale magnétique d'une branche de noyau respective (62).
  6. Transformateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un enroulement d'un enroulement supplémentaire respectif (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) est acheminé à travers une fente (106) ménagée dans le segment de culasse (12, 14, 16, 64).
  7. Transformateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement supplémentaire (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) est muni d'une pluralité de prises (86, 112, 114) accédant à des spires différentes de l'enroulement supplémentaire respectif.
  8. Transformateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens de commutation (88) permettant de connecter sélectivement l'enroulement principal respectif (22, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 66, 68, 62) à l'une des prises (88) de l'enroulement supplémentaire respectif (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) de manière à ce que le nombre des spires actives des enroulements principal (22, 32, 34, 38, 40, 44, 46, 66, 68, 62) et supplémentaire (24, 36, 42, 48, 70, 84) électriquement connectés respectifs puisse être adapté à celles-ci.
  9. Transformateur selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de commutation (88) comprennent un commutateur à gradins et/ou des composants électroniques de puissance.
EP13004986.9A 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Transformateur Active EP2863403B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13004986.9A EP2863403B1 (fr) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Transformateur
ES13004986.9T ES2580007T3 (es) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Transformador
KR20140137471A KR20150045364A (ko) 2013-10-18 2014-10-13 변압기
US14/514,980 US9583252B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2014-10-15 Transformer
CN201410550838.8A CN104575994A (zh) 2013-10-18 2014-10-17 变换器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13004986.9A EP2863403B1 (fr) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Transformateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2863403A1 EP2863403A1 (fr) 2015-04-22
EP2863403B1 true EP2863403B1 (fr) 2016-03-30

Family

ID=49447327

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13004986.9A Active EP2863403B1 (fr) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Transformateur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9583252B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2863403B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20150045364A (fr)
CN (1) CN104575994A (fr)
ES (1) ES2580007T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101914218B1 (ko) * 2013-08-27 2019-01-14 마쉬넨파브릭 레인하우센 게엠베하 온-부하 탭 절환기, 전압 조정용 탭-절환 변압기 및 탭-절환 변압기에서 탭 절환을 구현하는 방법
EP3288046B1 (fr) * 2016-08-25 2021-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de bobines
CN206774379U (zh) * 2017-04-01 2017-12-19 海鸿电气有限公司 一种新型的立体卷铁心变压器高压引线结构

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1677003A (en) * 1927-08-18 1928-07-10 Frederick C Owen Transformer for electric-arc cutting, repairing, and welding apparatus
US4344126A (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-08-10 Ford Motor Company Low ripple D.C. power supply
US5202664A (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-04-13 Poulsen Peder Ulrik Three phase transformer with frame shaped winding assemblies
SE0000410D0 (sv) * 2000-02-06 2000-02-06 Lennart Hoeglund Trefas transformatorkärna
MX2011008271A (es) * 2009-02-05 2011-12-06 John Shirley Hurst Transformador de paso de flujo continuo de metal amorfo y metodo de fabricacion.
EP2367181A1 (fr) * 2010-03-20 2011-09-21 ABB Technology AG Transformateur de type sec à haute performance et triphasées avec bobines isolées d'époxy et son procédé de fabrication
US20120139678A1 (en) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 Abb Technology Ag Non-Linear Transformer with Improved Construction and Method of Manufacturing the Same
ES2530055T3 (es) * 2011-02-16 2015-02-26 Abb Technology Ag Sistema de refrigeración para transformadores secos
ES2618530T3 (es) * 2011-05-25 2017-06-21 Abb Schweiz Ag Arrollamiento de transformador
EP2637185B1 (fr) * 2012-03-06 2014-01-15 ABB Technology Ltd Changeur de prise et un procédé s'y rapportant
US8729998B2 (en) * 2012-06-06 2014-05-20 Abb Technology Three-step core for a non-linear transformer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2863403A1 (fr) 2015-04-22
ES2580007T3 (es) 2016-08-18
US9583252B2 (en) 2017-02-28
KR20150045364A (ko) 2015-04-28
CN104575994A (zh) 2015-04-29
US20150109085A1 (en) 2015-04-23

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