EP2857566A1 - Knitted fabric with reduced cracks, knitting method therefor, and design system using the knitting method - Google Patents

Knitted fabric with reduced cracks, knitting method therefor, and design system using the knitting method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2857566A1
EP2857566A1 EP20140183157 EP14183157A EP2857566A1 EP 2857566 A1 EP2857566 A1 EP 2857566A1 EP 20140183157 EP20140183157 EP 20140183157 EP 14183157 A EP14183157 A EP 14183157A EP 2857566 A1 EP2857566 A1 EP 2857566A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
knitted fabric
pattern
knitted
dial
motifs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20140183157
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jun Tsujigo
Yoko Tsujigo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd
Original Assignee
Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd filed Critical Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd
Publication of EP2857566A1 publication Critical patent/EP2857566A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B37/00—Auxiliary apparatus or devices for use with knitting machines
    • D04B37/02—Auxiliary apparatus or devices for use with knitting machines with weft knitting machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D04B1/126—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with colour pattern, e.g. intarsia fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/14—Needle cylinders
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/18—Dials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D04B15/665—Driving-gear for programme or pattern devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/66—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements
    • D04B15/68—Devices for determining or controlling patterns ; Programme-control arrangements characterised by the knitting instruments used
    • D04B15/78—Electrical devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/10—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with two needle cylinders for purl work or for Links-Links loop formation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a knitted fabric with reduced cracks, a knitting method therefor, and a design system using the knitting method.
  • knitted fabrics in which a space is formed between the front and back faces thereof have been knitted by a double knit circular knitting machine with needle selection on dial and cylinder.
  • quilted knit fabrics in which inner cotton is interposed between the front and back faces thereof there have been produced in recent years knitted fabrics in which a plain knitted structure is used in one of the front and back faces of a double knitted fabric, such as blister, ripple, tubular welt, or the like.
  • quilt knitting for example, when a double knit circular knitting machine with needle selection on dial and cylinder is used to perform doubled-faced jacquard knitting and the pattern on the front face of a knitted fabric is knitted by a cylinder and the pattern on the back face of the knitted fabric is knit by a dial, the pattern may be knitted on the dial side so that a yarn that is not used for knitting on the cylinder side will not remain in excess on the dial side.
  • the knitted fabric moves away in the opposite wale direction at the boundary between the motifs on the cylinder side, resulting in the problem of cracks.
  • a method is a knitting method for knitting, by a double knit electric jacquard circular knitting machine with needle selection on dial and cylinder, a knitted fabric in which a pattern on a front face of the knitted fabric is knitted by using one of a cylinder and a dial, boundaries between motifs of the pattern in a wale direction being continuous at the same position in the wale direction in a plurality of successive courses, and a pattern on a back face of the knitted fabric is knitted by using the other of the cylinder and the dial, wherein the knitted fabric is knitted such that knit structures adjacent, on the back face of the knitted fabric, to a border line in the wale direction that is formed by the boundary between the motifs on the front face of the knitted fabric in at least one course of the number of successive courses that is fewer by one than the number of types of jacquard knitting yarns used are successively knitted (Claim 1).
  • a knitted fabric according an aspect to the present invention is a knitted fabric knitted by a double knit electric jacquard circular knitting machine with needle selection on dial and cylinder, in which a pattern on a front face of the knitted fabric is knitted by using one of a cylinder and a dial, boundaries between motifs of the pattern in a wale direction being continuous at the same position in the wale direction in a plurality of successive courses, and a pattern on a back face of the knitted fabric is knitted by using the other of the cylinder and the dial, wherein the knitted fabric is knitted such that knit structures adjacent, on the back face of the knitted fabric, to a border line in the wale direction that is formed by the boundary between the motifs on the front face of the knitted fabric in at least one course of the number of successive courses that is fewer by one than the number of types of jacquard knitting yarns used are successively knitted (Claim 7).
  • a portion on the back face of the knitted fabric may include a repetition of a basic pattern, the portion corresponding to the motifs on the front face of the knitted fabric (Claims 2, 8).
  • the knitted fabric is a quilted knit fabric (Claims 3, 9).
  • the pattern on the front face of the knitted fabric can be, for example, a jacquard pattern in which a plurality of plain motifs are combined, the motifs having a certain area and being created with one of a plurality of types of yarns, and the pattern on the back face of the knitted fabric can be an unusual bird's-eye pattern in which the yarns other than the yarn used for the front face of the knitted fabric are alternately knitted and welted for every course and every wale (Claims 4, 10).
  • the basic pattern is preferably composed of a plurality of wales and a plurality of courses (Claims 5, 11), preferably 2 wales ⁇ 2 courses, or 3 wales ⁇ 3 courses (Claims 6, 12).
  • a design system automatically creates the patterns in the knitting method according to the above-described aspects of the present invention (Claim 13). It is preferable that the design system automatically creates a pattern on the back face of the knitted fabric by creating a pattern on the front face of knitted fabric, the pattern on the back face of the knitted fabric corresponding to the pattern on the front face of the knitted fabric (Claim 14).
  • knit structures that are successively knitted with the boundary interposed therebetween are always present in one every several courses. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a knitted fabric with reduced cracks, without altering the pattern on the front face of the knitted fabric. Furthermore, by setting the basic pattern so as to achieve this effect, it is possible to provide the above-described successively knitted structures by forming the pattern only by the basic pattern. Thus, it is possible to save the time and effort needed to create the pattern so as to form the knit structures around the boundary as the successively knitted knit structures, which are different from the pattern.
  • a knitted fabric in which cracks have occurred (a conventional knitted fabric) and a normal knitted fabric (a knitted fabric according to the present invention) are shown in (1) and (2), respectively, of FIG. 11 .
  • (1) of FIG. 11 significant cracks have occurred at boundaries between motifs, and inner cotton extrudes.
  • (2) of FIG. 11 substantially no inner cotton is seen, and the front face of the knitted fabric is maintained in a neat condition.
  • the knitted fabrics shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. 11 are knitted by using a red yarn and a blue yarn for the front face of the knitted fabric, without using a white yarn, in order to facilitate recognition of the state of the inner cotton caused by cracks
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • a three-color jacquard pattern was knitted by rib knitting using a six-feeder configuration in which three feeders are used to knit one course.
  • Three types of yarns namely, a white yarn 2, a blue yarn 3, and a red yarn 4 made of a polyester processed yarn of 167 decitexes/48 filaments were used, and two strings of a polyester processed yarn of 330 decitexes 2 were inserted as an inlay yarn (inner cotton) 1.
  • a cylinder pattern that will constitute the pattern on the front face of the knitted fabric is a jacquard pattern in which a plurality of plain motifs are combined, the motifs having a certain area and being created with one of the plurality of types of yarns, and a dial pattern that will constitute the pattern on the back face of the knitted fabric is an unusual bird's-eye pattern in which the yarns other than the yarn used for the cylinder pattern are alternately knitted and welted for every course and every wale.
  • FIG. 2 shows a conventional example in which the dial pattern is a conventional bird's-eye pattern.
  • the knit structures on the dial are shown on the upper side, and the knit structures on the cylinder are shown on the lower side.
  • the yarn that has been knitted with the cylinder needle until the motif in the cylinder pattern changed is transferred from the cylinder needle to the dial needle, and at the same time, the yarn that is to be knitted with the cylinder needle after the motif has changed is transferred from the dial needle to the cylinder needle.
  • the yarns fed from a first feeder (F1), a second feeder (F2), a fourth feeder (F4), and a fifth feeder (F5) are transferred from the cylinder needle to the dial needle, or from the dial needle to the cylinder needle at the same position. This results in boundaries between motifs, and thereby, a border line 5 is formed.
  • a third feeder (F3) and a sixth feeder (F6) the knit structures that are adjacent to the border line 5 on the dial side are formed by a knit and a welt, and an interval corresponding to one needle stitch is formed between the knits in each of these feeders. As a result, a space is created, and thus significant cracks tend to occur.
  • the yarns fed from a first feeder (F1), a second feeder (F2), a fourth feeder (F4), and a fifth feeder (F5) are also transferred from the cylinder needle to the dial needle, or from the dial needle to the cylinder needle at the same position, and boundaries between motifs are created.
  • the knit structures that are adjacent to a border line 5 formed by the boundary between motifs are successively knitted in a third feeder (F3), and the space is thus narrowed, making it possible to reduce cracks.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cylinder pattern
  • FIG. 5 shows a conventional dial pattern
  • FIG. 6 shows a dial pattern according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • one knit structure is present in one box, in which a yarn of the displayed color is knitted and yarns of other colors are welted.
  • all of FIGS. 4 , 5 , and 6 are diagrams of the knitted fabrics as viewed from the outside of the knitting machine.
  • the conventional dial pattern is formed by the yarns other than the yarn used for the cylinder pattern, and each of the yarns are set to be alternately knitted and welted.
  • the most of the knit structures adjacent, on the back face of the knitted fabric, to all border lines formed by the boundaries between motifs on the front face of the knitted fabric in the wale direction are knitted with yarns of different colors. Thus, a space is created, and significant cracks tend to occur.
  • FIG. 7 shows dial basic patterns of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the portion of the dial pattern that corresponds to the motifs of the cylinder pattern is formed by a repetition of the basic patterns.
  • (a) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which the white yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (b) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which the blue yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (c) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which the red yarn is used in the cylinder pattern.
  • a setting is made such that structures that are successively knitted in the wale direction are always provided when any of the dial basic patterns shown in (a), (b), and (c) is changed to any different one of the dial basic patterns. Accordingly, the space of the boundary between motifs is narrowed, and cracks are reduced.
  • a design system is used in which the dial pattern is automatically created by creating the cylinder pattern.
  • the yarn used for a motif of the cylinder pattern determines the dial pattern of a portion corresponding to the motif, and therefore this is performed automatically.
  • the use of the design system can shorten the time required to create a knitted fabric pattern that reduces cracks.
  • FIG. 9 shows dial basic patterns of Embodiment 2 used for knitting a knitted fabric of a four-color jacquard pattern created by a twelve-feeder repeating configuration in which four feeders are used to knit one course.
  • (a) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of a motif for which a white yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (b) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a blue yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (c) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a red yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (d) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a green yarn is used in the cylinder pattern.
  • FIG. 12 shows dial basic patterns of Embodiment 3 used for knitting a knitted fabric of a four-color jacquard pattern by using a twelve-feeder repeating configuration in which four feeders are used to knit one course.
  • (a) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of a motif for which a white yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (b) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a blue yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (c) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a red yarn is used in the cylinder pattern
  • (d) shows a dial basic pattern corresponding to a portion of the motif for which a green yarn is used in the cylinder pattern.
  • the knit structures adjacent to the boundary between the dial basic patterns can be always successively knitted for one of three successive courses by setting the order of wales in the basic pattern before being changed so as to correspond to that in the changed basic pattern, when any of the dial basic patterns is changed to any different one of the dial basic patterns.
  • FIG. 13 shows the case where the motif ends at the second wale from the left of the basic pattern before being changed. Since the third wale from the left was supposed to follow the second wale, the corresponding third wale from the left of the changed basic pattern is located at that position.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
  • the cylinder pattern and the dial pattern may be interchanged with each other.
  • Any pattern other than the patterns described in the embodiments can be used as long as the knitted fabric is knitted such that knit structures adjacent to a border line that is formed by the boundary between the motifs in at least one course of the number of successive courses that is fewer by one than the number of types of jacquard knitting yarns used are successively knitted. It is also possible to use a pattern in which no basic pattern is used.
  • the basic pattern may have any other configuration as long as at least one course of knit structures adjacent to the boundary with another basic pattern are successively knitted.
  • the above embodiments use yarns of several different colors, it is also possible to use yarns that are different in the material or the thickness rather than the color. It is also possible to create the patterns by increasing the number of yarns used to 5 or 6, for example.
  • the knitted fabric is not limited to a quilted knit fabric, and the present invention is applicable to a knitted fabric in which a space is formed between the front and back faces of the knitted fabric, including, for example, a knitted fabric in which a plain knitted structure is used for one of a double knitted fabric, such as blister, ripple, tubular welt, or the like, without the insertion of inner cotton.
  • the design system is not limited to a repetition of basic patterns as described in the embodiments, as long as the design system creates the patterns such that, around the border line between the motifs, knit structures adjacent, on the back face of the knitted fabric, to a border line in the wale direction that is formed by the boundary between the motifs on the front face of the knitted fabric in at least one course of the number of successive courses that is fewer by one than the number of types of jacquard knitting yarns used are successively knitted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP20140183157 2013-09-17 2014-09-02 Knitted fabric with reduced cracks, knitting method therefor, and design system using the knitting method Withdrawn EP2857566A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013191349 2013-09-17
JP2014121204A JP2015083730A (ja) 2013-09-17 2014-06-12 目割れを低減させた編地、その編成方法及びその編成方法を利用したデザインシステム

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2857566A1 true EP2857566A1 (en) 2015-04-08

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Family Applications (1)

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EP20140183157 Withdrawn EP2857566A1 (en) 2013-09-17 2014-09-02 Knitted fabric with reduced cracks, knitting method therefor, and design system using the knitting method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20150075227A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2857566A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2015083730A (zh)
CN (1) CN104452061B (zh)
TW (1) TW201525220A (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016110981A1 (de) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Sipra Patententwicklungs- Und Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh Rundstrickmaschine
EP3441510A1 (en) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-13 Terrot GmbH Method for producing a double knit fabric on a circular double jersey knitting machine
TWI791852B (zh) * 2018-06-26 2023-02-11 日商世聯股份有限公司 圓編織物

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW201615910A (zh) * 2014-10-21 2016-05-01 曾聰明 變色織物
US20200002855A1 (en) * 2017-02-01 2020-01-02 Knitmasters, Llc Spacer fabrics and methods of making the same

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US3808843A (en) * 1972-05-01 1974-05-07 Phillip Fibers Corp Double knit fabric
EP0421041A1 (en) * 1989-10-05 1991-04-10 CREAZIONI BIP BIP DI LAURO NOVATI & C. S.a.s. A double-faced knitted fabric and manufacturing process
JPH11158758A (ja) 1997-12-01 1999-06-15 Marushou:Kk 起毛を有するキルティング編み地及びその編成方法
EP1975294A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-01 Lava BVBA Method for knitting a double jersey knit fabric on a double jacquard, double jersey circular knitting machine and double jersey knit fabric knitted by such a method
JP2008297657A (ja) 2007-05-31 2008-12-11 Teijin Fibers Ltd キルテイング生地および寝具およびダウンジャケット
EP2042629A1 (de) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 Bodet & Horst GmbH & Co. KG Strickerzeugnis

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GB1451897A (en) * 1973-01-10 1976-10-06 Iws Nominee Co Ltd Knitting
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US3971234A (en) * 1974-09-04 1976-07-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Double-knit elastic fabric with raised patterns
US4133191A (en) * 1976-04-09 1979-01-09 Phillips Fibers Corporation Knitted fabric having open areas
GB1583348A (en) * 1976-12-01 1981-01-28 Wildt Mellor Bromley Ltd Method of knitting
JP3010480B2 (ja) * 1996-08-01 2000-02-21 株式会社島精機製作所 筒状編地にダブルジャージー組織からなる編込みジャカードを編成する方法
JP3286787B2 (ja) * 1999-10-04 2002-05-27 株式会社三宅デザイン事務所 長尺布帛よりの衣類の形成方法
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JP2009203566A (ja) * 2008-02-26 2009-09-10 Precision Fukuhara Works Ltd 丸編機における給糸案内装置及びそれを使用した編成方法
DE102011000398B3 (de) * 2011-01-28 2012-04-26 Terrot Gmbh Strickware mit Lochstruktur, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Funktionstextilie
CN202849698U (zh) * 2012-07-30 2013-04-03 常州旭荣针织印染有限公司 一种方格菱形针织双面布

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3808843A (en) * 1972-05-01 1974-05-07 Phillip Fibers Corp Double knit fabric
EP0421041A1 (en) * 1989-10-05 1991-04-10 CREAZIONI BIP BIP DI LAURO NOVATI & C. S.a.s. A double-faced knitted fabric and manufacturing process
JPH11158758A (ja) 1997-12-01 1999-06-15 Marushou:Kk 起毛を有するキルティング編み地及びその編成方法
EP1975294A1 (en) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-01 Lava BVBA Method for knitting a double jersey knit fabric on a double jacquard, double jersey circular knitting machine and double jersey knit fabric knitted by such a method
JP2008297657A (ja) 2007-05-31 2008-12-11 Teijin Fibers Ltd キルテイング生地および寝具およびダウンジャケット
EP2042629A1 (de) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 Bodet & Horst GmbH & Co. KG Strickerzeugnis

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016110981A1 (de) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Sipra Patententwicklungs- Und Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh Rundstrickmaschine
TWI730101B (zh) * 2016-06-15 2021-06-11 德商Sipra專利開發投資有限公司 圓編機及在雙面針織圓編機上製造具有嵌花圖案的雙面緯編管形織物的方法
US11332857B2 (en) 2016-06-15 2022-05-17 Sipra Patententwicklungs- Und Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh Circular knitting machine
EP3441510A1 (en) * 2017-08-11 2019-02-13 Terrot GmbH Method for producing a double knit fabric on a circular double jersey knitting machine
TWI791852B (zh) * 2018-06-26 2023-02-11 日商世聯股份有限公司 圓編織物

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104452061A (zh) 2015-03-25
TW201525220A (zh) 2015-07-01
US20150075227A1 (en) 2015-03-19
JP2015083730A (ja) 2015-04-30
CN104452061B (zh) 2018-01-02

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