EP2846994B1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une presse hydraulique et presse hydraulique - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'une presse hydraulique et presse hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2846994B1
EP2846994B1 EP13722386.3A EP13722386A EP2846994B1 EP 2846994 B1 EP2846994 B1 EP 2846994B1 EP 13722386 A EP13722386 A EP 13722386A EP 2846994 B1 EP2846994 B1 EP 2846994B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
setpoint
speed
reservoir
press
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13722386.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2846994A1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Graf
Bernd Bodenstein
Manfred Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
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Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
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Publication of EP2846994A1 publication Critical patent/EP2846994A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
    • B30B15/163—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses for accumulator-driven presses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/027—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices
    • F15B1/033—Installations or systems with accumulators having accumulator charging devices with electrical control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F15B2201/51—Pressure detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/20507—Type of prime mover
    • F15B2211/20515—Electric motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
    • F15B2211/2053—Type of pump
    • F15B2211/20538—Type of pump constant capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/25—Pressure control functions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
    • F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
    • F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
    • F15B2211/6313—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a load pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
    • F15B2211/6651—Control of the prime mover, e.g. control of the output torque or rotational speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
    • F15B2211/6653—Pressure control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic press according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a hydraulic press according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the DE 25 44 794 A1 describes a hydraulic press consisting of a press frame, a hydraulic drive, an oil pump and two accumulators.
  • the hydraulic drive consists of a working cylinder with a working piston of larger diameter and a moving cylinder with a moving piston of smaller diameter. The pistons are firmly connected to one another at a distance.
  • the working cylinder is fed from the first memory via a directional control valve and the movement cylinder from the second memory via a servo valve within a closed control loop.
  • the control circuit consists of a setpoint generator, a control amplifier, the servo valve, a displacement transducer and a measuring amplifier.
  • the directional control valve is designed as a valve with fixed switching positions.
  • a pressure relief valve is arranged in the pressure line of the pump leading to the accumulators.
  • the pump supplies the amount of oil required to drive the press from a tank via the reservoir.
  • the accumulators are loaded with a compressible medium from a gas cylinder.
  • This publication also describes the workflow and operation of this press, in which the uppermost position of the hydraulic piston is the starting point.
  • the setpoint generator sends a signal to the control amplifier.
  • This actuates the servo valve in the position in which oil is released for supplying the movement cylinder.
  • the moving piston and thus the working piston firmly connected to it move downwards.
  • This downward movement is transferred to the transducer.
  • the output signal of the displacement transducer is converted in the measuring amplifier into a signal proportional to the displacement, which is compared with the setpoint signal in the control amplifier. Deviations in the two signals are processed in the control amplifier and send correction signals to the servo valve.
  • control amplifier the servo valve, the movement cylinder, the displacement transducer and the measuring amplifier thus form a closed control loop that enables the movement of the piston to move proportionally to an electrical signal coming from the setpoint generator. In this way, the working piston is moved to a precisely defined position until just before or on the workpiece.
  • the pressing stroke which is initiated by switching the directional control valve
  • the working piston is acted upon via the directional control valve from the first reservoir, which was previously filled with an amount of oil dosed according to the pressing stroke.
  • This amount of oil causes a predetermined continuation of the movement of the working piston, which corresponds to the amount of oil dosed in the first reservoir.
  • the directional control valve is switched over again and the moving piston in the moving cylinder is moved back to the starting position.
  • the oil in the working cylinder is returned to the tank via the directional control valve.
  • the pump fills the first reservoir again with the predetermined amount of pressurized oil, which can be specified by a limit switch on the first reservoir that switches an oil valve in the pressure line of the pump leading to the first reservoir.
  • the filling of the first reservoir is regulated to the predetermined amount of pressurized oil during the break in work by adjusting and / or changing the charge volume flow by switching the oil valve. Since the compressible medium from the gas cylinder is applied to the first memory, this filling control corresponds to a regulation of the pressure prevailing in the first memory to a pressure control variable that depends on the limit switch and the compressible medium from the gas cylinder. In this known regulation, the charge volume flow is set to zero by switching the oil valve into a blocking position in which it separates the first reservoir from the pressure connection of the pump.
  • the pump which is driven by the motor that continues to run, increases the pressure in the pressure line until the pressure relief valve responds and connects the pressure connection to the tank, so that the pump runs at full speed in idle. This leads to unnecessarily high energy consumption.
  • the pump must be designed so large that it can deliver the predetermined amount of pressurized oil into the reservoir during the work break.
  • document DE 199 58 256 A1 discloses a method for operating a hydraulic press according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the energy consumption in a method for reshaping workpieces by means of a hydraulic press and a hydraulic press for reshaping workpieces.
  • the charging volume flow is set by setting the speed of the motor to the nominal speed n N and to at least one intermediate value n Z , and the energy requirement of the motor, for example the fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine or the power consumption of an electric motor, at speeds below the nominal speed n N is less than the rated speed n N , the energy consumption can be compared to that from the
  • the nominal speed is understood here to mean the maximum speed that the motor can achieve in the long term without damage or for which the motor is designed as intended.
  • the proposed method can be designed in any manner as required and, for example, have the regulation of the accumulator pressure p S in at least one additional phase.
  • the press can for example be one of the presses proposed according to the second aspect described below.
  • the pump can be designed in any manner as required, for example as a gear pump, axial piston pump or radial piston pump.
  • the motor can be designed in any manner as required and, for example, be an asynchronous motor, and its speed can be set in any manner as required, for example by means of a frequency converter.
  • the ram In the closing phase, the ram is moved or set or lowered or raised to the first lifting height, preferably starting from the third lifting height.
  • the ram In the working phase, after lowering the ram, the ram can be kept at the second lifting height, for example, by closing the pressing chamber and / or separating it from the reservoir and tank.
  • the ram is moved or set or lowered or raised to the third lift height, preferably without an intermediate stop at the first lift height.
  • the maximum pressure that the memory can withstand without damage or for which the memory is designed as intended can simply be selected for the pressure control variable P SOLL .
  • the speed is preferably set continuously to speeds from zero to the nominal speed n N.
  • the pressure control variable P SOLL is selected as a function of at least one chamber pressure p K prevailing in one of the chambers.
  • the pressure correction value K P can be selected as required and, for example, be constant at least during part of the phase and / or at least during part of the other phases. Alternatively or additionally, it can be variable over time, for example, at least during part of the phase and / or at least during part of the other phases. Alternatively or additionally, it can be selected, for example, in such a way that the pressure control variable P SOLL is greater than the chamber pressure p K by a certain percentage. This percentage is for example at least 2% or at least 3% or at least 4% or at least 5% or at least 6% or at least 7% or at least 8% or at least 9% or at least 10% or at least 12% or at least 14% or at least 16 % or at least 18% or at least 20%.
  • this percentage is, for example, a maximum of 2% or at least 3% or a maximum of 4% or a maximum of 5% or a maximum of 6% or a maximum of 7% or a maximum of 8% or a maximum of 9% or a maximum of 10% or a maximum of 12% or a maximum of 14% or a maximum of 16% or a maximum of 18% or a maximum of 20%.
  • the chamber is or is separated from the storage unit and connected to a tank, or the chamber is or is separated from a tank and connected to the storage unit.
  • the plunger can be lowered or moved passively by its own weight and / or actively by a closing drive in the closing direction or can be actively lifted or moved in the closing direction by a closing drive.
  • This closing drive can be smaller and / or weaker and / or faster and / or have an additional hydraulic drive, for example, compared to a hydraulic drive for the work phase, which is preferably formed by a pressing chamber in the cylinder and the accumulator.
  • the plunger is actively lowered or raised or moved in the closing direction by the accumulator.
  • the pressing chamber is or is separated from the reservoir and connected to the tank.
  • the plunger can be actively lifted or moved in the reset direction by a reset drive or passively lowered or moved by its own weight and / or actively by a reset drive in the reset direction.
  • This return drive can be smaller and / or weaker and / or faster and / or have an additional hydraulic drive, for example, compared to a hydraulic drive for the work phase, which is preferably formed by a pressing chamber in the cylinder and the accumulator.
  • This additional hydraulic drive preferably has a reset chamber in the cylinder, which is separated from the pressing chamber, for example by a piston guided in the cylinder and coupled to the ram, and is or is separated from the tank and connected to the accumulator in the reset phase.
  • the chamber in the charging phase the chamber is or is closed and / or separated from the storage unit and a tank.
  • the reset chamber is or is separated from the memory and connected to the tank.
  • the plunger can then be actively lifted or moved further in the closing direction by a press drive.
  • This press drive can, for example, be larger and / or stronger and / or slower and / or have an additional hydraulic drive, for example, compared to the hydraulic drive formed by the reset chamber and accumulator.
  • This additional hydraulic drive preferably has a compression chamber in the cylinder, which is separated from the reset chamber, for example by a piston guided in the cylinder and coupled to the plunger, and is or is separated from the tank and connected to the accumulator in the working phase.
  • the charge volume flow in particular for or when regulating the accumulator pressure p S , can be set to zero in any desired manner as required.
  • the tank is connected to the pressure connection and that the charge volume flow, in particular for or when regulating the accumulator pressure p S , is set to zero by connecting a pressure connection of the pump to a tank.
  • the charge volume flow, in particular for or when regulating the accumulator pressure p S is set to zero by setting the speed of the motor to zero.
  • the setting to zero can be done quickly.
  • the second variant can be set to zero in an energy-saving manner.
  • the desired charging duration value T SOLL can be selected as required, for example such that it is a certain percentage smaller than the cycle duration T Z. This percentage is for example at least 2% or at least 3% or at least 4% or at least 5% or at least 6% or at least 7% or at least 8% or at least 9% or at least 10% or at least 12% or at least 14% or at least 16 % or at least 18% or at least 20%.
  • this percentage is, for example, at most 2% or at least 3% or at most 4% or at most 5% or at most 6% or at most 7% or at most 8% or a maximum of 9% or a maximum of 10% or a maximum of 12% or a maximum of 14% or a maximum of 16% or a maximum of 18% or a maximum of 20%.
  • the motor and the pump can run as smoothly as possible, avoiding speed peaks.
  • the third correction value K N can be, for example, 0 min -1 or 50 min -1 or 100 min -1 or 150 min -1 or 200 min -1 or 250 min -1 or 300 min -1 or 350 min - 1 and the intermediate value n Z accordingly be 1200 min -1 or 1250 min -1 or 1300 min -1 or 1350 min -1 or 1400 min -1 or 1450 min -1 or 1500 min -1 or 1550 min -1 .
  • the charging time T L over the average load speed n L is the nominal speed N n correspond.
  • the charge volume flow by regulating the Storage pressure p S is set and / or changed such that, in particular in each phase or during the entire cycle, the storage pressure p S does not fall below a lower operating pressure p U and / or does not exceed an upper operating pressure p O.
  • Maintaining the lower operating pressure p U can prevent this gas from entering the hydraulic circuit, for example in the case of a storage device that has a gas as the compression medium.
  • the upper operating pressure p O can be, for example, the maximum pressure that the memory can withstand in the long term without damage or for which the memory is designed as intended.
  • the method can already be carried out with at least partially optimized values during a later forming order.
  • the accumulator pressure p S is set by means of an adaptive control.
  • any separation for example separating the pressing chamber or the reset chamber from the tank or from the storage, and / or every connection, for example connecting the pressing chamber or the reset chamber to the storage or to the tank or connecting the pressure connection to the Storage or with the tank, and / or each closing, for example, the pressing chamber or the return chamber can be closed, for example with the aid of valves.
  • at least one valve between the memory and the pressing chamber and / or at least one valve between the memory and the return chamber and / or at least one valve between the memory and the pressure connection and / or at least one valve between the tank and the pressing chamber and / or at least one valve between the tank and the reset chamber and / or at least one valve between the tank and the pressure connection can be provided or seated.
  • Each valve can be designed in any way as required, for example as a proportional valve or control valve or rising valve or directional valve or check valve or pressure limiting valve.
  • Each proposed method can be designed in any desired manner as required and, for example, have at least one additional phase.
  • Each press used in one of the proposed methods can be designed in any way as required and, for example, at least one additional hydraulic cylinder and / or at least one additional ram and / or at least one additional hydraulic pump and / or at least one additional motor and / or have at least one additional hydraulic reservoir and / or at least one additional tank for hydraulic fluid.
  • Each cylinder provided in this press can be designed in any desired manner as required and, for example, have at least one additional pressing chamber and / or at least one additional reset chamber.
  • Each pump provided in this press can be designed in any manner as required and, for example, have at least one additional pressure connection.
  • the proposed press can be designed in any manner as required and, for example, the regulation of the accumulator pressure p S in at least one additional Have phase.
  • the proposed press enables the methods proposed according to the first aspect to be carried out.
  • control unit is designed such that the regulation of the accumulator pressure p S takes place in at least one of the phases.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that, in the closing phase, it separates at least one of the chambers from the reservoir and connects it to the tank, or at least one of the chambers separates from the tank and connects to the reservoir.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it causes the ram to move in the working phase by separating a compression chamber forming the chamber from the tank and connecting it to the storage unit.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it separates the pressing chamber from the reservoir in the reset phase and connects it to the tank.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it closes at least one of the chambers and / or separates it from the storage unit and tank in the charging phase.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it causes the plunger to move in the reset phase by separating a reset chamber forming the chamber from the tank and connecting it to the reservoir.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it separates the reset chamber from the memory in the working phase and connects it to the tank.
  • the charge volume flow in particular for or when regulating the accumulator pressure p S , can be set to zero in any desired manner as required.
  • the tank is connected to the pressure connection, and that the control unit is designed such that it sets the charge volume flow to zero by connecting the pressure connection to the tank.
  • the motor is designed such that its speed can be set to zero, and that the control unit is designed such that it sets the charge volume flow to zero by setting the speed to zero.
  • control unit can be designed in such a way that it adjusts and / or changes the charge volume flow by regulating the storage pressure p S in such a way that the storage pressure p S does not fall below a lower operating pressure p U and / or an upper operating pressure p O does not exceed.
  • control unit is designed in such a way that it sets or can set the accumulator pressure p S by means of an adaptive control. It can then be provided that the control unit is designed in such a way that it uses at least one of the pressure control variables P SOLL and / or during the adaptive control at least one of the intermediate values n Z and / or at least one of the charging duration setpoint values T SOLL and / or at least one of the correction values K P , K N changes or can change.
  • control unit can, for example, disconnect the press chamber or the reset chamber from the tank or from the memory and / or connect the press chamber or the reset chamber to the memory or to the tank or to connect the pressure connection to the memory or to the tank and / or cause or carry out the closing of the pressing chamber or the reset chamber.
  • Each valve can be designed in any way as required, for example as a proportional valve or control valve or rising valve or directional valve or check valve or pressure limiting valve.
  • Each proposed press can be designed in any manner as required and for example at least one additional hydraulic cylinder and / or at least one additional ram and / or at least one additional hydraulic pump and / or at least one additional motor and / or at least one additional hydraulic accumulator and / or have at least one additional tank for hydraulic fluid and / or at least one additional control unit and / or at least one additional pressure sensor.
  • everyone Cylinder can be designed in any manner as required and, for example, have at least one additional pressing chamber and / or at least one additional reset chamber.
  • Each pump can be designed in any desired manner as required and, for example, have at least one additional pressure connection.
  • FIG. 1 a preferred embodiment of a hydraulic press 10 is shown schematically, which can be operated in cycles, each of which has a closing phase, a working phase, a reset phase and a loading phase in this order.
  • the press 10 has a hydraulic cylinder 11, a tappet 12, a boost pressure pump or hydraulic pump 13, a motor 14, a hydraulic accumulator 15, a pre-fill container or tank 16 for hydraulic fluid, a control unit 17, three pressure sensors 18.1 to 18.3, three valves 19.1 to 19.3 and a frequency converter 20.
  • the cylinder 11 has two chambers, namely a press chamber 11.1 and a reset chamber 11.2, and a piston 11.3, which is guided in the cylinder 11 and separates the press chamber 11.1 adjoining its upper side from the reset chamber 11.2 adjoining its lower side.
  • the upper end of the plunger 12 is attached to the underside of the piston 11.3 and is thus coupled to the cylinder 11 and at its lower end holds a forming tool 21 coupled to it for forming a workpiece.
  • the pump 13 has a suction connection 13.1 and a pressure connection 13.2.
  • the motor 14 is coupled to the pump 15 as a drive.
  • the accumulator 15 is connected to the pressing chamber 11.1, the restoring chamber 11.2 and the pressure connection 13.2 and is designed, for example, as a hydraulic accumulator with a pressure vessel filled with nitrogen.
  • the tank 16 is connected to the pressing chamber 11.1, the reset chamber 11.2 and the suction connection 13.1.
  • the motor 14 is an example of a induction motor and has a nominal rotational speed n N, is exemplified 2000 min -1.
  • the frequency converter 20 is connected on the one hand to the motor 14 and on the other hand to the control unit 17.
  • the control unit 17 is designed in such a way that it can set the speed of the motor 14 continuously or almost continuously from zero to the nominal speed n N and thus to zero, to the nominal speed n N and to at least one intermediate value n Z by suitably controlling the frequency converter 20 , for which 0 ⁇ n Z ⁇ n N applies.
  • the control unit 17 is also connected to the pressure sensors 18, of which an accumulator pressure sensor 18.1 is used to detect the accumulator pressure p S in the accumulator 15, a first chamber pressure sensor 18.2 to detect the working pressure p A prevailing in the pressing chamber 11.1 and a second chamber pressure sensor 18.3 for detection of the restoring pressure p R prevailing in the restoring chamber 11.2.
  • the control unit 17 is also connected to the valves 19, which are, for example, directional control valves and of which a first valve 19.1 is between the pressing chamber 11.1 and the memory 15 and between the pressing chamber 11.1 and the tank 16 sits, a second valve 19.2 between the reset chamber 11.2 and the memory 15 and between the reset chamber 11.2 and the tank 16 and a third valve 19.3 between the pressure port 13.2 and the memory 15 as well as the pressure connection 13.2 and the tank 16 is seated.
  • the first valve 19.1 is a 3/3-way valve, thus has three connections for hydraulic fluid lines and three switching positions, and can optionally separate the pressing chamber 11.1 from the tank 16 and connect it to the memory 15 or disconnect it from the memory 15 and connect it to the tank 16 or disconnect from reservoir 15 and tank 16.
  • the second valve 19.2 is a 3/3-way valve and can optionally separate the reset chamber 11.2 from the tank 16 and connect it to the memory 15 or separate it from the memory 15 and connect it to the tank 16 or separate it from the memory 15 and tank 16.
  • the third valve 19.3 is a 3/2-way valve, so it has three connections for hydraulic fluid lines and two switching positions, and can optionally separate the pressure connection 13.2 from the tank 16 and connect it to the memory 15 or disconnect it from the memory 15 and connect it to the tank 16.
  • FIG. 2 3 are three cycles of a preferred embodiment of a method of operating press 10 of FIG. 1 and for forming workpieces by means of the press 10 of the FIG. 1 on the basis of the accumulator pressure p S in the accumulator 15, the path H of the plunger 12 and the speed n of the motor 14 over time.
  • the control unit 17 enables the press 10 to be operated cyclically in accordance with this preferred embodiment of the method. It is designed in such a way that in each cycle it lowers the ram 12 and thus the forming tool 21 coupled to it in the closing phase to a first stroke height H1, in the working phase further lowers it to a second stroke height H2 and holds it there, in the reset phase back over the first lifting height H1 away and further to a third lifting height H3 and holds in the loading phase at the third lifting height H3.
  • the closing phase can be recognized by the steeply sloping segment of the H-line
  • the working phase can be recognized by the subsequent gently sloping and then horizontal segment
  • the reset phase can be recognized by the subsequent flat and then steeply rising segment
  • the loading phase by that to recognize the subsequent horizontal segment.
  • the lowering of the plunger 12 and the forming tool 21 in the closing phase is achieved or brought about by the control unit 17 in that it separates the pressing chamber 11.1 and the reset chamber 11.2 from the accumulator 15 and with the tank 16 by activating the first valve 19.1 and the second valve 19.2 accordingly connects.
  • the piston 11.3, the plunger 12 and the forming tool 21 are pulled downwards by their own weight. Hydraulic oil is sucked from the tank 16 into the pressing chamber 11.1 and pressed out of the reset chamber 11.2 into the tank 16.
  • the lowering of the plunger 12 and the forming tool 21 in the working phase is achieved or brought about by the control unit 17 by separating the pressing chamber 11.1 from the tank 16 and connecting it to the reservoir 15 by activating the first valve 19.1 accordingly.
  • the accumulator 15 is almost fully charged after the press 10 starts up and consequently at the beginning of the first cycle, so that the accumulator pressure p S is just below an upper operating pressure p O , which corresponds to the maximum pressure that the accumulator 15 can withstand over the long term without damage can or for which it is intended.
  • the piston 11.3, the plunger 12 and the forming tool 21 are pressed downward against the forming force or the forming pressure by the hydraulic oil in the reservoir 15 under the reservoir pressure p S. In the process, hydraulic oil is pressed from the reservoir 15 into the pressing chamber 11.1 and from the reset chamber 11.2 into the tank 16.
  • the holding of the ram 12 and the forming tool 21 in the working phase is achieved or effected by the control unit 17 in that it separates the pressing chamber 11.1 from the reservoir 15 and tank 16 by activating the first valve 19.1 accordingly and thus closes it. Since neither the hydraulic oil enclosed in the pressing chamber 11.1 can flow out, nor can hydraulic oil flow into the pressing chamber 11.1, the piston 11.3, the ram 12 and the forming tool 21 are kept motionless.
  • the lifting of the ram 12 and the forming tool 21 in the reset phase is achieved or brought about by the control unit 17 by actuating them accordingly of the first valve 19.1 separates the pressing chamber 11.1 from the reservoir 15 and connects it to the tank 16 and, by appropriately activating the second valve 19.2, separates the reset chamber 11.2 from the tank 16 and connects it to the reservoir 15.
  • the piston 11.3, the plunger 12 and the forming tool 21 are pressed upwards by the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 15 under the accumulator pressure p S. In the process, hydraulic oil is pressed from the reservoir 15 into the reset chamber 11.2 and from the pressing chamber 11.1 into the tank 16.
  • the control unit 17 is also designed in such a way that it charges the accumulator 15 with a charge volume flow in all phases as required, ie depending on the currently required working pressure p A and reset pressure p R.
  • the charging of the memory 15 is achieved or effected by the control unit 17 by setting the speed of the motor 14 by appropriately controlling the frequency converter 20 so that it drives the pump 13, and by appropriately controlling the third valve 19.3 it separates the pressure connection 13.2 from the tank 16 and connects to the memory 15.
  • the pump 13 thus sucks in hydraulic oil from the tank 16 and presses it into the reservoir 15 with a charge volume flow that depends on the speed of the motor 14 set by means of the frequency converter 20.
  • control unit 17 is also designed in such a way that it regulates the accumulator pressure p S to a pressure command variable P SOLL in all phases by setting the speed and thus the charge volume flow accordingly, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the control unit 17 achieves or effects the setting of the speed for needs-based pressure regulation by continuously setting the speed from zero to the nominal speed n N and thus to zero, to the nominal speed n N and to intermediate values n Z , by suitably controlling the frequency converter 20 for that 0 ⁇ n Z ⁇ n N applies.
  • the regulation of the storage pressure p S is achieved or effected by the control unit 17 in that it is in the FIG. 2
  • the first cycle shown after starting the press 10 first sets the speed to the nominal speed n N and then the accumulator pressure p S regulates exclusively by either setting the charging volume flow to zero by setting the speed to zero, or setting the speed to the nominal speed n N as well as a cycle duration T Z and a charging duration T L during which the charging volume flow is greater than zero, and a via the charging time T L averaged load speed n L determined.
  • the control unit 17 has set the speed n in the closing phase to 0% of the nominal speed n N for this first cycle, in an initial section of the working phase to 100% of the nominal speed n N , in a subsequent end section of the working phase to 0% of the nominal speed n N , in the reset phase and in an initial section of the charging phase to 100% of the nominal speed n N and then in a subsequent end section of the charging phase to 0% of the nominal speed n N.
  • it has determined the value 75% of the cycle duration T Z for the charging time T L and the value 100% of the nominal speed n N for the charging speed n L.
  • K N is a speed correction value with 0 ⁇ K N ⁇ n L ⁇ (1 - T L : T Z ).
  • K N is a speed correction value with 0 ⁇ K N ⁇ n L ⁇ (1 - T L : T Z ).
  • K N 5% ⁇ n N.
  • control unit 17 is also designed in such a way that it again determines the cycle duration T Z , the charging duration T L and the charging speed n L in the second cycle, analogously to the first cycle.
  • the control unit 17 has set the speed n for this second cycle to 0% of the nominal speed n N in an initial section of the closing phase, to 60% of the nominal speed n N in a subsequent end section of the closing phase and the working phase, in the reset phase and in an initial section the charging phase to the maximum intermediate value n Z , ie 80% of the nominal speed n N and then in a subsequent end section of the Charging phase to 0% of the nominal speed n N.
  • it has the same value for the cycle duration T Z as determined in the first cycle, for the charging duration T L a larger value than in the first cycle and for the charging speed n L a smaller value than in the first cycle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé de fonctionnement en cycles d'une presse hydraulique (10), dans lequel :
    chaque cycle présente au moins une phase dans laquelle du liquide hydraulique est repoussé hors d'un accumulateur hydraulique (15) dans une chambre (11.1, 11.2) d'un cylindre hydraulique (11) de la presse (10) par la pression d'accumulateur pS régnant dans l'accumulateur (15), afin de déplacer par rapport au cylindre (11) un poussoir (12) de la presse (10) accouplé au cylindre (11), auquel un outil de formage (21) peut être accouplé pour façonner une pièce ;
    dans au moins une partie de chaque cycle, une pompe hydraulique (13) entraînée par un moteur (14) refoule du liquide hydraulique dans l'accumulateur (15) avec un débit volumique de charge et la pression d'accumulateur pS est régulée à une grandeur-guide de pression PSOLL en ajustant un régime du moteur (14) à un régime nominal nN du moteur (14) et à au moins une valeur intermédiaire nZ, pour laquelle 0 < nZ < nN ;
    la pression d'accumulateur pS est ajustée au moyen d'une régulation adaptative,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans un cycle déterminé, une durée de cycle TZ et une durée de charge TL durant lesquelles le débit volumique de charge est supérieur à zéro, ainsi qu'un régime de charge nL moyenné sur la durée de charge TL sont déterminés ; et
    pour au moins un cycle suivant, le régime est ajusté à une valeur intermédiaire nZ pour laquelle nZ = nL·TL:TZ+KN, où KN est une valeur de correction de régime avec 0 ≤ KN < nL·(1-TL:TZ).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, dans au moins l'une des phases :
    la grandeur-guide de pression PSOLL est sélectionnée en tant que fonction en fonction d'au moins une pression de chambre pK régnant dans l'une des chambres (11.1, 11.2).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel :
    pour la fonction on a PSOLL = pK + KP, où KP est une valeur de correction de pression avec 0 < KP.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    la régulation de la pression d'accumulateur pS s'effectue dans au moins l'une des phases.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    dans chaque cycle, on détermine une durée de charge TL, durant laquelle le débit volumique de charge est supérieur à zéro ;
    la durée de charge TL est régulée à une valeur de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL en ajustant le régime.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    le débit volumique de charge est ajusté par la régulation de la pression d'accumulateur pS de telle sorte que la pression d'accumulateur pS ne descende pas en dessous d'une pression de fonctionnement inférieure pU et/ou ne dépasse pas une pression de fonctionnement supérieure po.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel :
    au moins l'une des grandeurs-guides de pression PSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs intermédiaires nZ et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de correction KP, KN sont mémorisées ;
    lors d'une demande de formage ultérieure pour des pièces identiques ou similaires, les valeurs mémorisées sont utilisées en tant que valeurs de départ.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    lors de la régulation adaptative, au moins l'une des grandeurs-guides de pression PSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs intermédiaires nZ et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de correction KP, KN sont modifiées.
  9. Presse hydraulique (10), présentant :
    un cylindre hydraulique (11) qui présente au moins une chambre (11.1, 11.2) ;
    un poussoir (12) qui est accouplé au cylindre (11) et auquel peut être accouplé un outil de formage (21) pour former une pièce ;
    une pompe hydraulique (13) qui présente un raccord de pression (13.2) ;
    un moteur (14) qui est accouplé à la pompe (13) et qui présente un régime nominal nN ;
    un accumulateur hydraulique (15) qui est raccordé à au moins l'une des chambres (11.1, 11.2) et au raccord de pression (13.2) ;
    un réservoir (16) pour le liquide hydraulique, qui est raccordé à au moins l'une des chambres (11.1, 11.2) ;
    un capteur de pression d'accumulateur (18.1) pour détecter la pression d'accumulateur pS régnant dans l'accumulateur (15) ;
    une unité de commande (17) qui permet un fonctionnement de la presse (10) en cycles et qui est connectée au capteur de pression d'accumulateur (18.1) et au moteur (14) ;
    dans laquelle :
    le moteur (14) est réalisé de telle sorte que son régime puisse être ajusté au régime nominal nN et à au moins une valeur intermédiaire nZ pour laquelle on a 0 < nZ < nN ;
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte que :
    - dans au moins une phase de chaque cycle, du liquide hydraulique soit repoussé hors de l'accumulateur (15) dans au moins l'une des chambres (11.1, 11.2) par la pression d'accumulateur pS, afin de déplacer le poussoir (12) par rapport au cylindre (11) ;
    - dans au moins une partie de chaque cycle, la pompe (13) refoule du liquide hydraulique dans l'accumulateur (15) avec un débit volumique de charge et l'unité de commande (17) régule la pression d'accumulateur pS à une grandeur-guide de pression PSOLL en ajustant le régime du moteur (14) au régime nominal nN et à au moins l'une des valeurs intermédiaires nZ ;
    - elle ajuste la pression d'accumulateur pS au moyen d'une régulation adaptative ;
    - dans un cycle déterminé, une durée de cycle TZ et une durée de charge TL durant lesquelles le débit volumique de charge est supérieur à zéro, ainsi qu'un régime de charge nL moyenné sur la durée de charge TL sont déterminés ; et
    - pour au moins un cycle suivant, le régime est ajusté à une valeur intermédiaire nZ pour laquelle nZ = nL·TL:TZ+KN, où KN est une valeur de correction de régime avec 0 ≤ KN < nL·(1-TL:TZ).
  10. Presse (10) selon la revendication 9, présentant en outre :
    au moins un capteur de pression de chambre (18.2, 18.3) pour détecter la pression de chambre PK régnant dans l'une des chambres (11.1, 11.2) ;
    dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est connectée à chaque capteur de pression de chambre (18.2, 18.3) ;
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte que, dans au moins l'une des phases :
    - elle sélectionne la grandeur-guide de pression PSOLL en tant que fonction en fonction d'au moins l'une des pressions de chambre pK.
  11. Presse (10) selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle :
    pour la fonction on a PSOLL = pK + KP, où KP est une valeur de correction de pression avec 0 < KP.
  12. Presse (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte que
    - la régulation de la pression d'accumulateur pS s'effectue dans au moins l'une des phases.
  13. Presse (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte que :
    - dans chaque cycle, elle détermine une durée de charge TL durant laquelle le débit volumique de charge est supérieur à zéro ;
    - elle régule la durée de charge TL à une valeur de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL en ajustant le régime.
  14. Presse (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte
    - qu'elle ajuste le débit volumique de charge par la régulation de la pression d'accumulateur pS de telle sorte que la pression d'accumulateur pS ne descende pas en dessous d'une pression de fonctionnement inférieure pU et/ou ne dépasse pas une pression de fonctionnement supérieure po.
  15. Presse (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 14, dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte
    - qu'elle mémorise au moins l'une des grandeurs-guides de pression PSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs intermédiaires nZ et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de correction KP, KN ;
    - que lors d'une demande de formage ultérieure pour des pièces identiques ou similaires, elle utilise les valeurs mémorisées en tant que valeur de départ.
  16. Presse (10) selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle :
    l'unité de commande (17) est réalisée de telle sorte :
    - que lors de la régulation adaptative, elle modifie au moins l'une des grandeurs-guides de pression PSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs intermédiaires nZ et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de consigne de durée de charge TSOLL et/ou au moins l'une des valeurs de correction KP, KN.
EP13722386.3A 2012-05-10 2013-05-07 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une presse hydraulique et presse hydraulique Active EP2846994B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012104125A DE102012104125A1 (de) 2012-05-10 2012-05-10 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer hydraulischen Presse und eine hydraulische Presse
PCT/EP2013/059544 WO2013167630A1 (fr) 2012-05-10 2013-05-07 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une presse hydraulique et presse hydraulique

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EP2846994B1 true EP2846994B1 (fr) 2020-11-25

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EP (1) EP2846994B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2015522419A (fr)
KR (1) KR20150006476A (fr)
CN (1) CN104284772B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012104125A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2014149771A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013167630A1 (fr)

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ITUA20164346A1 (it) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-14 Hydronaut S R L Un metodo ed un impianto per il controllo di un attuatore di una slitta di una pressa
CN106122160A (zh) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-16 昆山安泰美科金属材料有限公司 一种气压整形机
DE102016118853B3 (de) * 2016-10-05 2017-10-26 Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding Gmbh Elektrohydraulische Antriebseinheit
JP7120724B2 (ja) 2018-09-13 2022-08-17 住友重機械工業株式会社 油圧プレスおよびその運転方法
BR112021003358A2 (pt) * 2018-10-01 2021-05-11 Salvagnini Italia S.P.A. máquina para trabalhar folha metálica, e, método para acionar uma pluralidade de ferramentas de trabalho
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Publication number Publication date
DE102012104125A1 (de) 2013-11-14
US20150083002A1 (en) 2015-03-26
EP2846994A1 (fr) 2015-03-18
CN104284772A (zh) 2015-01-14
KR20150006476A (ko) 2015-01-16
RU2014149771A (ru) 2016-07-10
WO2013167630A1 (fr) 2013-11-14
JP2015522419A (ja) 2015-08-06
CN104284772B (zh) 2017-07-07

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