EP2841869B1 - Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis - Google Patents

Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2841869B1
EP2841869B1 EP13720299.0A EP13720299A EP2841869B1 EP 2841869 B1 EP2841869 B1 EP 2841869B1 EP 13720299 A EP13720299 A EP 13720299A EP 2841869 B1 EP2841869 B1 EP 2841869B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary
heat exchangers
primary heat
temperature
water
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP13720299.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2841869A1 (de
Inventor
Raymund KOMPA
Markus FÖRSTER
Andreas Walter
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
    • F28B9/04—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F28B9/06—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for feeding, collecting, and storing cooling water or other cooling liquid with provision for re-cooling the cooling water or other cooling liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for providing a cooling medium with controlled flow temperature in a secondary circuit, wherein the cooling medium absorbs heat in the secondary circuit of one or more process coolers and then gives off heat to primary water in a primary circuit before it flows back to the process coolers. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, wherein the device comprises one or more process coolers in the secondary circuit and at least one temperature sensor in the flow to the process coolers.
  • WO 2011/149487 discloses a device having the features in the preamble of claim 7.
  • a common cooling medium is water, other examples are glycol water mixtures or methanol.
  • the cooling medium in the secondary circuit flows with a certain flow temperature into one or more process coolers and absorbs heat from the process, where it heats up. In order to bring the cooling medium back to the desired flow temperature, it is fed to one or more heat exchangers, in which it is cooled by primary water.
  • the cycle of primary water such as recooling water, river water or seawater, is referred to as the primary cycle. Accordingly, the heat exchangers in which the cooling medium is cooled by the primary water, called the primary heat exchanger.
  • a bypass line for bypassing the primary heat exchanger branches off in the secondary circuit.
  • the bypass line opens into the Conduction of the secondary circuit from the primary heat exchangers to the process coolers.
  • the “flow temperature” is understood here and below to mean the temperature in the secondary circuit in the flow to the process coolers.
  • flow to the process coolers refers to the section of the secondary circuit which is located between the entry of the bypass line into the secondary circuit and the first process heat exchanger.
  • “Overrun” is the section of the secondary circuit which is located between the exit from the at least one process heat exchanger and the branch of the bypass line. In the case of multiple process heat exchangers, the term “after-run” refers to the section of the secondary circuit which is located between the confluence of the outlet lines from the process heat exchangers and the branch line of the bypass line.
  • a temperature sensor is in the flow to the process coolers, and the bypass line is provided with an actuator, by means of which the flow temperature to the process coolers in the secondary circuit can be controlled. It is also possible to provide a plurality of temperature sensors in the flow to the process coolers, for example to realize a redundant measurement. Suitable temperature sensors, for example thermocouples, detect the temperature of the flowing cooling medium and provide a value for forwarding to a control device.
  • a temperature sensor or are several temperature sensors in the wake of the secondary circuit there is a temperature sensor or are several temperature sensors in the wake of the secondary circuit, and the bypass line is provided with an actuator by means of which the flow temperature to the process coolers in the secondary circuit can be controlled.
  • Suitable actuators make it possible to set the flow through the bypass line between a minimum value and a maximum value.
  • the minimum value is zero, which means a completely closed bypass line.
  • the maximum value preferably corresponds to a completely open bypass line. Any values for the flow can be set between the extreme values, preferably steplessly continuously.
  • Suitable actuators are known to the person skilled in the art, e.g. Flaps, ball valves or three-way valves.
  • a control device which has a setpoint for the flow temperature. From a comparison of the setpoint with the detected by the temperature sensor flow temperature, the control device generates an output signal for forwarding to the actuator.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium flowing through the bypass line is higher than the temperature of the cooling medium flowing from the primary heat exchangers to the process coolers.
  • the regulation therefore provides for the current through the bypass line to be reduced in the event of a flow temperature that is too high in comparison with the setpoint value and accordingly to increase the flow through the bypass line when the flow temperature is too low compared to the setpoint value.
  • a control device which has a setpoint for the follow-up temperature. From a comparison of the setpoint with the detected by the temperature sensor follow-up temperature, the control device generates an output signal for forwarding to the actuator. In this embodiment, too, the control provides for the current through the bypass line to be reduced when the overrun temperature is too high compared to the setpoint value, and the current through the bypass line to be increased accordingly when the setpoint temperature is too low compared to the setpoint value.
  • the flow of the cooling medium through the bypass line can also be influenced by the fact that actuators are present in the cooling medium lines to the primary heat exchangers or from the primary heat exchangers and adjusted in their degrees of opening.
  • actuators are present in the cooling medium lines to the primary heat exchangers or from the primary heat exchangers and adjusted in their degrees of opening.
  • a regulation of the bypass current by influencing an actuator in the bypass line is easier to implement and is therefore preferred.
  • control device may be an independent device, such as a compact controller, which is connected in terms of information technology with the temperature sensor and the actuator.
  • the control device can also be realized in combination with the actuator, for example in the form of a control valve.
  • the control device can also be integrated in a higher-level system for process control, for example in a process control system.
  • the primary heat exchangers are designed with regard to number and dimensioning to a high load case.
  • the cooling capacity of the primary circuit is adjusted by switching off one or more of the primary heat exchangers, with at least one primary heat exchanger remaining in operation.
  • high load case and low load case are understood to mean operating states as defined above.
  • the primary heat exchangers are designed such that in a reduced load, a heat exchanger is sufficient to cool the cooling medium to the desired flow temperature by utilizing a maximum allowable temperature difference between primary water inlet and outlet.
  • a heat exchanger is provided, which are preferably also individually designed for the maximum permissible temperature difference between primary water inlet and outlet, and are in total suitable for the minimum temperature difference in the high load case.
  • the maximum permissible temperature difference between primary water inlet and outlet is often prescribed by the authorities, for example to a value of 15 K.
  • the bypass line is preferably designed in terms of their capacity such that the control range of the bypass line is sufficient to control the flow temperature in the secondary circuit bumplessly when switching off and the connection of a primary heat exchanger.
  • the flow is not actively regulated, but results from the pressure difference between the primary water side inlet and the outlet of the primary heat exchanger. Variations in this pressure difference also result in fluctuations in the flow rate. If the temperature of the primary water drops or the amount of heat to be removed from the cooling medium decreases, e.g. by reducing the flow rate of cooling medium through a primary heat exchanger or by reducing the cooling medium temperature when exiting the process coolers, the cooling medium temperature drops at the outlet of this primary heat exchanger. Accordingly, the outlet temperature of the cooling medium increases with a temperature increase of the primary water and / or an increase in the amount of heat to be removed from the cooling medium.
  • the capacity adjustment is made by switching on or off of primary heat exchangers such that the pressure drop of the primary water when flowing through the primary heat exchanger in operation is at least 300 mbar, more preferably at least 800 mbar. This significantly reduces the likelihood of deposits forming on the primary water side.
  • the at least two primary heat exchangers can be interconnected in different ways.
  • the primary heat exchangers are preferably connected in parallel both on the side of the primary circuit and on the side of the secondary circuit.
  • All heat exchangers known to the person skilled in the art for this purpose can be used as the primary heat exchanger, preferably plate heat exchangers or tube bundle heat exchangers are used, particularly preferably sealed or welded plate heat exchangers.
  • the most preferred plate heat exchangers are usually designed for a high pressure loss. This is advantageous if the bypass is to be realized without additional conveying devices such as pumps.
  • the primary water is recooling water, river water, sea water or brackish water.
  • recooling water is meant water, which has been cooled by a device such as a cooling tower or a recooling plant in process plants.
  • the invention offers several advantages.
  • the provision of at least two primary heat exchangers working together in the High load case provide the required cooling capacity, but in partial load can be partially shut down, makes it possible to operate the individual primary heat exchanger with almost constant flow on the primary water side, which prevents premature fouling.
  • this offers the possibility, in the case of reduced load, the primary heat exchanger alternately on and off, which allows easy inspection and possibly maintenance or cleaning.
  • the minimum amount of primary water required to provide the cooling capacity is significantly reduced.
  • Another advantage is the fact that a control of the flow temperature by means of the bypass flow is much easier, faster and more robust to accomplish than a regulation on the flow rate of primary water, as practiced in the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cooling system according to the prior art in which flows in a secondary circuit 20, a cooling medium to process coolers 22, receives heat there and in a primary heat exchanger 12 heat to primary water in a primary circuit 10 before it flows back to the process coolers 22.
  • the process coolers can be of different types, for example plate, tube bundle, spiral heat exchangers or casings of pipes or containers for their cooling.
  • the flow temperature of the cooling medium before the process coolers 22 is detected by means of a temperature sensor and regulated by a control device 24 to a specific setpoint.
  • the amount of primary water in the primary circuit 10 acts as a control variable for the control.
  • Fig. 2 a first preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown.
  • the cooling medium leaving the process cooler 22 is passed through two primary heat exchangers 12, 14, where it gives off heat to primary water in a primary circuit 10.
  • the primary heat exchangers are connected in parallel both on the side of the primary circuit and on the side of the secondary circuit.
  • a bypass line 26 which opens after the exit of the cooling medium from the primary heat exchangers back into the secondary circuit 20.
  • the control 24 of the flow temperature the cooling medium to the process coolers 22 via the adjustment of the current in the bypass line.
  • both primary heat exchangers 12 and 14 are in operation, while in the low load case, the capacity of a primary heat exchanger is sufficient to sufficiently cool the cooling medium in the secondary circuit 20. In this case, one of the primary heat exchangers is switched off by closing the corresponding valves in the secondary circuit.
  • Fig. 3 a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown.
  • the primary heat exchangers 12 and 14 are connected in parallel by the primary circuit and in series by the secondary circuit.
  • bypasses are provided in the secondary circuit, which can be switched on and off via valves.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, in which the primary heat exchanger 12, 14 are connected in parallel on the secondary side.
  • the interconnection On the side of the primary circuit, the interconnection is kept flexible.
  • the valves 12, 14 can be switched off alternately by closing the corresponding valves in the secondary circuit.
  • the number of heat exchangers shown in the figures is merely exemplary and not limited thereto. It is advantageous if more than two primary heat exchangers are present. The more primary heat exchangers are available, the more flexible it is possible to switch on and off individual primary heat exchangers in order to optimally match the currently available load case. On the other hand, this also increases the investment costs. Preferably, two to three primary heat exchangers are provided.
  • a selection criterion for the number of primary heat exchangers can be derived from the temperature gradients of the primary water.
  • the optimum number of primary heat exchangers is estimated by the quotient of the maximum permissible temperature difference and the typical temperature difference in the high load case.
  • the maximum allowable temperature difference between primary water entry and exit is 15 K when using river water as primary water.
  • the water returned to the river must not exceed 33 ° C.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows the time course of the primary water temperature T (dashed curve) and the number of operating in primary heat exchangers N (solid lines, right scale) over a period of 12 months.
  • the primary water used is river water, which has the lowest temperature in the winter months of December and January, eg 4 ° C. The maximum permissible temperature difference can be fully exploited, so that a primary heat exchanger is sufficient to sufficiently cool the cooling medium in the secondary circuit.
  • the method according to the invention causes flexible cooling capacities to be made available adapted to the current needs.
  • Example shown are a primary heat exchanger for a period of five and a half months, three primary heat exchangers for a period of three and a half months and three primary heat exchangers for a period of three months. Compared to a pure design for the high load case can be drastically reduced by the inventive method, the required amount of primary water.
  • each primary heat exchanger flows through a substantially constant amount of water, which prevents soiling and fouling. Except in the summer months, the heat exchangers that are currently not in operation can be easily maintained and cleaned without affecting the operation of the systems in the secondary circuit. Assuming that in systems according to the state of the art, in which only a primary heat exchanger designed for high load cases is used, in which the amount of primary water is reduced in the case of reduced load, once a year a pollution-related shutdown of about 3 days is required, can be through the inventive Method increase the plant capacity by approx. 1%. For more frequent or longer shutdown times, the economic advantage increases accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
EP13720299.0A 2012-04-25 2013-04-23 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis Active EP2841869B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13720299.0A EP2841869B1 (de) 2012-04-25 2013-04-23 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12165458 2012-04-25
PCT/EP2013/058377 WO2013160293A1 (de) 2012-04-25 2013-04-23 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis
EP13720299.0A EP2841869B1 (de) 2012-04-25 2013-04-23 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2841869A1 EP2841869A1 (de) 2015-03-04
EP2841869B1 true EP2841869B1 (de) 2018-10-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13720299.0A Active EP2841869B1 (de) 2012-04-25 2013-04-23 Verfahren zur bereitstellung eines kühlmediums in einem sekundärkreis

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2841869B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP2015514957A (ko)
KR (1) KR20150003848A (ko)
CN (1) CN104246418A (ko)
ES (1) ES2704988T3 (ko)
IN (1) IN2014DN08409A (ko)
WO (1) WO2013160293A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015016330A1 (de) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 Eisenmann Se Zuluftanlage
EP3388775A1 (de) * 2017-04-10 2018-10-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum betreiben eines wärmetauschers und geeigneter wärmetauscher
FR3077351B1 (fr) 2018-01-31 2020-09-04 Valeo Embrayages Actionneur d'embrayage
FR3077350B1 (fr) 2018-01-31 2020-01-17 Valeo Embrayages Actionneur d'embrayage
CN114109607B (zh) * 2021-10-27 2023-02-28 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 热负荷自适应燃机透平冷却空气余热回收系统及控制方法
DE102023105045A1 (de) 2023-03-01 2024-09-05 Basf Se Verfahren zur Bereitstellung eines Kühlmediums in einem Sekundärkühlkreis
DE102023105049A1 (de) 2023-03-01 2024-09-05 Basf Se Verfahren zur Bereitstellung eines Kühlmediums in einem Sekundärkühlkreis

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JPH0714265B2 (ja) * 1986-05-16 1995-02-15 株式会社日立製作所 発電プラントの所内冷却水装置
JPH0820156B2 (ja) * 1987-03-24 1996-03-04 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 冷却装置
JP2001289548A (ja) * 2000-04-07 2001-10-19 Ushio Inc 光学機構の冷却装置
JP2003106782A (ja) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Hisaka Works Ltd 溶接型プレート式熱交換器
JP2003287328A (ja) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-10 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd 電気設備用冷却システム
CN100338983C (zh) * 2003-12-03 2007-09-19 国际商业机器公司 确保冷却多个电子设备子系统的冷却系统和方法
EP1801363A1 (de) * 2005-12-20 2007-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kraftwerksanlage
JP2008292121A (ja) * 2007-05-28 2008-12-04 Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc:The 水温管理システム
DE102007050107B4 (de) * 2007-10-19 2009-10-22 Envi Con & Plant Engineering Gmbh Kühlwassersystem für Kraftwerke und Industrieanlagen
JP5291396B2 (ja) * 2008-06-23 2013-09-18 株式会社九電工 空調機の制御方法及び空調機
DK2577205T3 (en) * 2010-05-27 2023-04-11 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Cooling system comprising thermosyphon cooler and cooling tower and method for operating such cooling system
EP2439468A1 (de) * 2010-10-07 2012-04-11 Basf Se Verfahren zur Wärmeintegration mittels einer Kälteanlage

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2015514957A (ja) 2015-05-21
WO2013160293A1 (de) 2013-10-31
KR20150003848A (ko) 2015-01-09
ES2704988T3 (es) 2019-03-21
EP2841869A1 (de) 2015-03-04
CN104246418A (zh) 2014-12-24
IN2014DN08409A (ko) 2015-05-08

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