EP2841219B1 - Presse de forgeage horizontale pour le formage de pièces massives - Google Patents

Presse de forgeage horizontale pour le formage de pièces massives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2841219B1
EP2841219B1 EP13719726.5A EP13719726A EP2841219B1 EP 2841219 B1 EP2841219 B1 EP 2841219B1 EP 13719726 A EP13719726 A EP 13719726A EP 2841219 B1 EP2841219 B1 EP 2841219B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forging
transmission device
drive
ram
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13719726.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2841219A1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Bieg
Gerhard VÖGEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L Schuler GmbH
Original Assignee
L Schuler GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L Schuler GmbH filed Critical L Schuler GmbH
Publication of EP2841219A1 publication Critical patent/EP2841219A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2841219B1 publication Critical patent/EP2841219B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/18—Drives for forging presses operated by making use of gearing mechanisms, e.g. levers, spindles, crankshafts, eccentrics, toggle-levers, rack bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/04—Frames; Guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/022—Special design or construction multi-stage forging presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/26—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/02—Dies; Inserts therefor; Mounting thereof; Moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/28—Arrangements for preventing distortion of, or damage to, presses or parts thereof
    • B30B15/281—Arrangements for preventing distortion of, or damage to, presses or parts thereof overload limiting devices
    • B30B15/282—Arrangements for preventing distortion of, or damage to, presses or parts thereof overload limiting devices using a breakage element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a horizontal forging press for massive forming according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a hydraulic horizontal forging machine which comprises a machine frame, a forging ram for carrying out a horizontal forging movement, a clamping ram for carrying out a 90 ° to the forging movement aligned clamping movement, at least one first power transmission device for performing the forging movement of the forge ram, at least one second A power transmission device for carrying out the clamping movement of the clamping ram and a multi-part forging tool comprising a first jaw and a second jaw, wherein each power transmission device comprises at least one drive Disadvantages of such a machine are the high maintenance requirements for the hydraulics, the relatively low clock speed and the comparatively long contact times.
  • a forging machine in which a compensation for bilateral compression pressures is proposed by a clamping die is arranged to be movable with respect to two compression dies in the compression directions.
  • a device for wire processing is known. This has a guide part, with which a wire can also be processed in the area of its ends.
  • DE 949 018 C which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, we already know a horizontal forging machine with independent drive the upsetting and clamping tools.
  • a disadvantage of the prior art is that the known horizontal forging presses for massive forming are limited in terms of their flexibility in use.
  • the first power transmission device of the forging ram comprises a first spring and / or damping unit
  • the second power transmission device of the clamping ram comprises a second spring and / or damping unit
  • the first spring and / or damping unit and / or the second spring and / or damping unit is designed as a hydraulic cushion or as a pneumatic cushion or as a mechanical spring element.
  • an overload protection is provided which can prevent damage to the horizontal forging press.
  • Such spring and / or damping unit can be easily realized with standard components.
  • the invention provides for the first power transmission device, which moves the forge plunger, to be designed as a crank drive or as a toggle lever drive or as an eccentric drive. All three drive types ensure the short pressure contact time that is advantageous for forging.
  • a crank mechanism is provided in a very preferred manner, which is particularly robust.
  • the invention provides that the first spring and / or damping unit is arranged in a drive train acting on the forging jaw.
  • an effective protection against overloading is created and at the same time the power transmission device also receives properties of a force-transmitting power transmission device.
  • this combines in itself the forging positive properties of a road-bound power transmission device and the forging positive properties of a force-transmitting power transmission device, so that on the one hand short Druckberlong disciplines and a high number of cycles and on the other an overload protection is given.
  • the invention also provides for the second power transmission device of the clamping ram to be designed either as a crank drive or as a toggle lever drive or as an eccentric drive or as a spindle drive for the second power transmission device of the clamping ram. All four drive types ensure the short cycle times that are advantageous for clamping or forging.
  • a toggle lever drive is provided in a very preferred manner, which is particularly robust and by which a simple means of construction, a high clamping force can be achieved.
  • the invention provides that the second spring and / or damping unit is arranged in a force acting on the first jaw drive train.
  • the power transmission device is also a force-transmitting power transmission device, which in itself positive for the terminal properties of a fixed or energy-bonded power transmission and positive for the terminals Characteristics of a power transmission unit combined, so that on the one hand high clamping forces and high cycle rates and on the other an overload protection are given.
  • it is provided to align a drive axis of the first drive parallel to a drive axis of the second drive, wherein these two drive axes are arranged horizontally and are each rotated by 90 ° relative to a forging axis.
  • the drive of the first power transmission device comprises at least one servomotor and / or the drive of the second power transmission device comprises at least one servomotor.
  • the invention also provides for equipping the multi-part forging tool of the horizontal forging press between the two jaws with at least two forging stations, which passes through a workpiece in succession, wherein the workpiece is formed at each forge from the forging jaw.
  • the horizontal forging press includes when using a forging tool with multiple Schmiedechaln a transport device that promotes the workpieces from forging to Schmiedeplatz and in particular also inserts a blank in the first Schmiedeplatz and in particular the multiple Forged workpiece removed from the last blacksmith's square.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a horizontal forging press 1 shown.
  • the horizontal forging press 1 comprises a machine frame 2, a forging ram 3 for carrying out a horizontal forging movement or working movement in an arrow direction x, a clamping ram 4 for carrying out a vertical clamping movement or working movement in an arrow direction y ', a first force transmission device 5 for moving the forging ram 3 which is driven by a first drive 6, a second power transmission device 7 for moving the clamping ram 4, which is driven by a second drive 8, and a multi-part forging tool 9.
  • the multi-part forging tool 9 is a three-part forging tool 9 with a first, upper jaw 10, a second, lower jaw 11 and a forging jaw 12 are formed.
  • the first power transmission device 5 is designed for the forging ram 3 as a path-bound power transmission device 5a and formed by a crank mechanism 13.
  • the second power transmission device 7 is designed for the clamping ram 4 as an energy-bonded power transmission device 7b and formed by a spindle drive 14.
  • the forging jaw 12 of the forging tool 9 is connected to the forging ram 3 and is moved by this in a forging strike or an upsetting movement in the direction of the arrow x. A return stroke takes place horizontally in an arrow direction x '.
  • the first, upper jaw 10 of the forging tool 9 is connected to the clamping ram 4 and is from this for clamping a workpiece 15 in a formed between the two jaws 10, 11 workpiece receiving space 16, which forms a forging 17, in the direction of arrow y 'vertically drove down.
  • the first, upper jaw 10 is moved vertically upward by the clamping rod 4 in an arrow direction y.
  • the clamping ram 4 is designed as a spindle 18, which comprises a thread 19 and a toothing 20.
  • the second power transmission device 7 For supporting the spindle 18, the second power transmission device 7 comprises a spindle nut 21 fixed in a rotationally fixed manner to the machine frame 2, in which the spindle 18 depends on a direction of rotation in which this is driven in the region of its toothing 20 via a toothed belt 22 of the power transmission device 7, moved up or down.
  • the drive of the toothed belt 22 takes place here by the second drive 8 designed as a servomotor 23 via a belt pulley 24 rotating about a drive axis 23a.
  • the forging ram 3 is designed as a rod 25 or crank rod, which is moved by a crank disk 26 of the first power transmission device 5 ,
  • the pulley rotates for this purpose about a drive shaft 28a of the drive 6. In the position in which the horizontal forging press 1 in the FIG.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic side view of a second embodiment of a horizontal forging press 50 is shown.
  • the horizontal forging press 50 comprises a machine frame 2, a forging ram 3 for carrying out a horizontal forging movement in an arrow direction x, a clamping ram 4 for carrying out a vertical clamping movement in an arrow direction y ', a first power transmission device 5 for moving the forging ram 3, which is driven by a first drive 6, a second power transmission device 7 for moving the clamping ram 4, which is driven by a second drive 8, and a three-part forging tool 9 with a first, upper jaw 10, a second, lower jaw 11 and a forging jaw 12.
  • the first power transmission device 5 for the forging ram 3 designed as a path-bound power transmission device 5b and formed by a crank mechanism 13.
  • the second power transmission device 7 for the clamping ram 4 as wegjobe power transmission device 7 a formed and formed by a crank mechanism 51.
  • the forging jaw 12 of the forging tool 9 is connected to the forging ram 3 and is moved by this in a forging strike or an upsetting movement in the direction of the arrow x.
  • a return stroke takes place horizontally in an arrow direction x '.
  • the first, upper jaw 10 of the forging tool 9 is connected to the clamping ram 4 and is from this for clamping a workpiece 15 in a formed between the two jaws 10, 11 workpiece receiving space 16, which forms a forging 17, in the direction of arrow y 'vertically drove down until they were in the FIG. 2 reached shown position.
  • the first, upper jaw of the clamping rod 4 in an arrow direction y is moved vertically upwards.
  • the upper jaw 10 is guided in vertical guides, not shown.
  • the lower jaw 11 is fixed to the machine frame 2.
  • the clamping ram 4 is designed as a rod 52 or crank rod, which is moved by a crank pulley 53 of the second power transmission device 7.
  • crank pulley 53 is driven by an eccentrically arranged crankpin 53a, to which the rod 25 is coupled, via a belt 54 belonging to the second power transmission device 7 by a pulley 56 connected to the second drive 8 designed as a servo motor 55.
  • the pulley 56 rotates about a drive shaft 55a of the drive 8.
  • the forging ram 3 is designed as a rod 25 or crank rod, which is moved by a crank disk 26 of the first power transmission device 5.
  • the pulley 29 rotates for this purpose about a drive axis 28a of the drive 6.
  • the still undeformed workpiece 15 between the two jaws 10 and 11 is clamped and the rod 25, which forging jaw 12th carries, is in a rear reversal point to drive the forging jaw 12 in a further movement in the direction of arrow x against the still undeformed workpiece 15.
  • FIG. 3 the horizontal forging press 50 is shown in a position in which the workpiece 15 clamped by the clamping jaws 10, 11 has already been deformed by the forging jaw 12, wherein the forging jaw 12 has already been moved completely in the arrow direction x in the position shown.
  • Deviating from the presentation of FIG. 2 is in the FIG. 3 Still shown schematically in a first spring and / or damping unit 57, which is integrated in a formed by the forging jaw 12, the forging ram 3 and the first power transmission device 5 drive train 58.
  • the Schmiedst Jardinel 3 comprises between a coupled with the crank 26 rear end 59 and the forging jaw 12 supporting the front end 60 designed as a hydraulic pad 61 middle portion 62nd derogation from the illustration of FIG. 2 is in the FIG. 3 continue in schematic.
  • a second spring and / or damping unit 63 is shown, which is integrated in a drive train 64 formed by the upper clamping jaw 10, the clamping rod 4 and the second power transmission device 7.
  • the second spring and / or damping unit 63 is designed here as a mechanical spring element 65 in the form of an elastic bearing sleeve 66, in which the rod 52 is guided with a bearing pin 67, wherein the fit between the bearing sleeve 65 and the bearing pin 67 of the rod 52 in the schematic representation is shown with exaggerated play in order to clearly distinguish the components.
  • the first spring and / or damping unit 57 it is possible to protect the first drive train 58 and the workpiece 15 from overloading.
  • the first spring and / or damping unit 57 is adjustable in its mode of action and in particular can also be made rigid and thus can be switched on and switched off.
  • the second spring and / or damping unit 63 By the second spring and / or damping unit 63, it is possible for the second drive train 64 and the workpiece 15 to be overloaded by the clamping operation protect.
  • the second spring and / or damping unit 63 can be made adjustable in its mode of action, whereby it can also be set rigidly and thus can be switched on and switched off.
  • operation of the horizontal forging press 50 shows the FIG. 4 how the workpiece 15 after deformation by the forging jaw 12 during the return stroke of the forging ram 3 continues to be clamped between the jaws 10 and 11.
  • the FIG. 5 shows how the workpiece 15 is released after the return stroke of the forging ram 3 of the jaws 10 and 11 by lifting the upper jaw 10 in order to remove the forged or compressed workpiece 15 can.
  • the forging tool 9 next to the smithing 17 still another Schmiedeplatz 17 ', which - viewed in the plane of the drawing - is behind the smithing 17 and is completely covered by this in the side view.
  • the forging jaw 12 is designed such that it at a forging strike in the direction of the arrow x both on the still unwrought workpiece 15 - as in the FIG. 2 is shown - acts, as well as on an already forged once workpiece 15 acts, which has been implemented by a device, not shown, from the first forging yard 17 in the second smithing 17 '.
  • the workpiece 15, which has already been forged once is likewise held by the two clamping jaws 10, 11 in the second forging station 17 'during the forging strike.
  • the horizontal forging press 77 comprises a machine frame 2, a forging ram 3 for performing a horizontal forging movement or working movement in an arrow direction x, a clamping ram 4 for performing a vertical clamping movement or working movement in an arrow direction y ', a first power transmission device 5 for Movement of the forging ram 3, a second power transmission device 7 for moving the clamping ram 4 and a multi-part forging tool 9.
  • the multi-part forging tool 9 is formed as a three-part forging tool 9 with a first, upper jaw 10, a second, lower jaw 11 and a forging jaw 12.
  • the first power transmission device 5 is designed for the forging ram 3 as a wegspeede power transmission device 5a and optionally formed by a crank mechanism 13 or a toggle lever drive 73 or an eccentric 74.
  • the second power transmission device 7 is formed for the clamping ram 4 either as an energy-bonded power transmission device 7b and formed by a spindle drive 14 or formed as a wegGe power transmission device 7a and optionally formed by a crank mechanism 51 or a toggle drive 75 or an eccentric 76. Accordingly, for the third to fourteenth embodiment of the horizontal forging press 77, those shown below Table summarized combinations of power transmission devices 5 and 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a fifteenth embodiment of a horizontal forging press 100 shown.
  • a crank mechanism 151 which forms the second power transmission device 7, modified and includes a second spring or damping unit 163, which is not disposed between the jaw 10 and the clamping ram 4, but which arranged between an auxiliary lever 200 and an abutment 201 .
  • the spring or damping unit 163 according to a variant embodiment comprises a nitrogen pad.
  • the coupling of the clamping jaw 10 to the Clamping ram 4 mechanically easy to implement.
  • the first power transmission device 5 drives the first drive 6 in contrast to the second embodiment, the crank 26 not indirectly, but directly.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic side view of a sixteenth embodiment of a horizontal forging press 150 is shown.
  • the basic structure of the horizontal forging press 150 is on the description of the Figures 2 and 3 as well as to the FIG. 7 directed.
  • the second spring or damping unit 163 is moved away from the forging tool 9, but it is also a first spring or damping unit 157 disposed between an auxiliary lever 202 and an abutment 203, for which purpose the first power transmission device 5 is modified.
  • the forging ram 3 which is guided on the machine frame 2, is particularly insensitive to loads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Presse horizontale de forgeage (1, 50, 77, 100, 150) pour le formage en masse, comprenant
    un bâti de machine (2),
    un poussoir de forgeage (3) qui exécute un déplacement horizontal de forgeage,
    un poussoir de serrage (4) qui exécute un déplacement de serrage orienté à 90° par rapport au déplacement de forgeage,
    au moins un premier dispositif (5) de transfert de force qui entraîne le déplacement de forgeage du poussoir de forgeage (3),
    au moins un deuxième dispositif (7) de transfert de force qui entraîne le déplacement de serrage du poussoir de serrage (4) et
    un outil de forgeage (9) en plusieurs pièces qui présente une première mâchoire de serrage (10) et une deuxième mâchoire de serrage (11),
    chaque dispositif (5; 7) de transfert de force comportant au moins un entraînement (6, 8),
    le premier dispositif (5) de transfert de force du poussoir de forgeage (3) étant configuré comme dispositif (5a, 5b) de transfert de force asservi au déplacement et
    le deuxième dispositif (7) de transfert de force du poussoir de serrage (4) étant configuré comme dispositif (7a) de transfert de force asservi au déplacement ou comme dispositif (7b) de transfert de force asservi à l'énergie,
    la première mâchoire de serrage (10) de l'outil de forgeage (9) en plusieurs pièces étant reliée au poussoir de serrage (4),
    la deuxième mâchoire de serrage (11) de l'outil de forgeage (9) en plusieurs pièces étant reliée au bâti de machine (2),
    une mâchoire de forgeage (12) de l'outil de forgeage (9) en plusieurs pièces étant reliée au poussoir de forgeage (3),
    la première mâchoire de serrage (10) étant disposée au-dessus ou à côté de la deuxième mâchoire de serrage (11),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier dispositif (5) de transfert de force du poussoir de forgeage (3) comporte une première unité élastique et/ou d'amortissement (57, 157),
    le deuxième dispositif (7) de transfert de force du poussoir de serrage (4) comporte une deuxième unité élastique ou d'amortissement (63, 163),
    la première unité élastique et/ou d'amortissement (57, 157) et/ou la deuxième unité élastique ou d'amortissement (63, 163) étant configurées comme coussinets hydrauliques (61), comme coussinets pneumatiques ou comme éléments mécaniques élastiques (65) .
  2. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier dispositif (5) de transfert de force du poussoir de forgeage (3) est configuré comme entraînement à manivelle (13), comme levier d'entraînement (73) à genouillère ou comme entraînement excentrique (74).
  3. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la première unité élastique et/ou d'amortissement (57) est disposée dans un train d'entraînement (58) qui agit sur la mâchoire de forgeage (12).
  4. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième dispositif (7) de transfert de force du poussoir de serrage (4) est configuré comme entraînement à manivelle (51), levier d'entraînement (75) à genouillère ou entraînement excentrique (76) ou en ce que le deuxième dispositif (7) de transfert de force du poussoir de serrage (4) est configuré comme entraînement à broche (14) .
  5. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième unité (63) élastique et/ou d'amortissement est disposée dans un train d'entraînement (64) qui agit sur la première mâchoire de serrage (10).
  6. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un axe d'entraînement (28a) du premier entraînement (6) est aligné parallèlement à l'axe d'entraînement (55a) du deuxième entraînement (8), ces deux axes (28a, 55a) étant disposés à l'horizontale et ces deux axes (28a, 55a) étant disposés à un angle de 90° par rapport à l'axe de forgeage (3a).
  7. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le premier entraînement (6) comporte au moins un servomoteur (28) et/ou en ce que le deuxième entraînement (8) comporte au moins un servomoteur (23; 55).
  8. Presse horizontale de forgeage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le outil de forgeage (9) en plusieurs pièces présente entre les deux mâchoires de serrage (10, 11) au moins deux emplacements de forgeage (17, 17') traversés successivement par une pièce (15), la pièce (15) étant façonnée par la mâchoire de forgeage (12) en chaque emplacement de forgeage (17).
EP13719726.5A 2012-04-26 2013-04-19 Presse de forgeage horizontale pour le formage de pièces massives Not-in-force EP2841219B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012008180A DE102012008180A1 (de) 2012-04-26 2012-04-26 Horizontalschmiedepresse für die Massivumformung
PCT/EP2013/001163 WO2013159886A1 (fr) 2012-04-26 2013-04-19 Presse de forgeage horizontale pour le formage de pièces massives

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2841219A1 EP2841219A1 (fr) 2015-03-04
EP2841219B1 true EP2841219B1 (fr) 2018-06-06

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US (1) US9375779B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2841219B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104395011B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012008180A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013159886A1 (fr)

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CN107552702A (zh) * 2017-09-27 2018-01-09 江苏宏程锻压机床有限公司 一种双向锤击式锻压机械设备
CN111036814B (zh) * 2019-12-20 2021-07-06 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 异形多通接头多向柔性加载整体成形装置及方法
CN113976795B (zh) * 2021-10-21 2024-02-20 高密三江机械制造有限公司 一种水平分模机械平锻机

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WO2013159886A1 (fr) 2013-10-31
EP2841219A1 (fr) 2015-03-04
CN104395011B (zh) 2017-06-09
DE102012008180A1 (de) 2013-10-31
CN104395011A (zh) 2015-03-04
US20150082852A1 (en) 2015-03-26
US9375779B2 (en) 2016-06-28

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