EP2840152B1 - Betriebsverfahren für einen verbrennungsofen mit ferrocoke - Google Patents

Betriebsverfahren für einen verbrennungsofen mit ferrocoke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2840152B1
EP2840152B1 EP12878418.8A EP12878418A EP2840152B1 EP 2840152 B1 EP2840152 B1 EP 2840152B1 EP 12878418 A EP12878418 A EP 12878418A EP 2840152 B1 EP2840152 B1 EP 2840152B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ore
iron composite
carbon iron
ore layer
blast furnace
Prior art date
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EP12878418.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2840152A4 (de
EP2840152A1 (de
Inventor
Takeshi Sato
Hiroyuki Sumi
Hidekazu Fujimoto
Takashi Anyashiki
Hideaki Sato
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
    • C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a blast furnace using carbon iron composite produced by briquetting a mixture of coal and iron ore and carbonizing the briquetted material.
  • Carbon iron composite produced by carbonizing a briquetted material prepared by briquetting a mixture of coal and iron ore has high reactivity, accelerates reduction of sintered ore, can decrease the thermal reserve zone temperature of the blast furnace since reduced iron ore is partly contained, and thus can decrease the reducing agent rate.
  • Patent Literature 1 An example of a method for operating a blast furnace using carbon iron composite is disclosed in Patent Literature 1, in which ore and carbon iron composite are mixed and charged into a blast furnace.
  • carbon iron composite is characterized by its high reactivity with CO 2 gas shown in formula (a) below.
  • Metallurgical coke is hereinafter referred to as "conventional coke” to distinguish from the carbon iron composite.
  • the reaction of formula (a) is a reaction through which CO 2 generated by reduction of ore shown in formula (b) below is recycled into CO gas having a reducing ability.
  • the region with a high CO 2 gas concentration in the blast furnace is closely related to the gas distribution in the radius direction.
  • Control of gas flow in a radius direction of a blast furnace is a critical operational item that affects permeability and reducing performance.
  • Iron raw materials such as sintered ore, lump ore, and pellets have smaller grain size than the conventional coke produced in a chamber-type coke oven and become fused at high temperature; thus, permeation resistance is increased in a region where the amount of ore is large with respect to the amount of the conventional coke in the radius direction, namely, where the ore/coke amount ratio is high, thereby inhibiting gas flow. Accordingly, the gas flow in the radius direction is controlled by introducing a deviation in the ore/coke amount ratio in the radius direction.
  • EP 2 450 459 A1 discloses a method for operating a blast furnace, comprising forming a coke layer and an ore layer in a blast furnace, in which the coke layer is formed of conventional coke; and the ore layer is formed of carbon iron composite, conventional coke and ore, wherein the ore layer comprises a first ore layer and a second ore lawyer that are charged in two batches, and in both of the first and second ore layers, the carbon iron composite, the conventional coke, and the ore are mixed together.
  • EP 2 431 484 A1 discloses a method for operating a blast furnace, comprising: charging the blast furnace with a charging material including iron ore, coke, and carbon iron composite; injecting gas into the blast furnace from a shaft portion of the blast furnace; and controlling injection temperature, injection rate, or/and vertical injection position of the gas depending on a top gas temperature of the blast furnace.
  • the gas distribution in the radius direction of the blast furnace is generally controlled by adjusting the ore/coke amount ratio in the radius direction.
  • the region where the ore/coke amount ratio is high corresponds to the region with a high CO 2 concentration.
  • carbon iron composite is used by being mixed into the ore layer and the carbon iron composite is uniformly mixed in all parts of the ore layer, it is difficult to increase the carbon iron composite ratio in the region where the ore/coke amount ratio is high.
  • an object of the present invention is to address such issues of the related art and provide a method for operating a blast furnace using carbon iron composite, with which, when carbon iron composite is mixed with ore and used in a blast furnace, the carbon iron composite's function of recycling CO 2 generated by ore reduction into CO gas having a reducing property can be more effectively yielded.
  • the concentration of the carbon iron composite can be increased in a blast furnace in a region where the CO 2 concentration is high, ore reduction can be accelerated through a gasification reaction of the carbon iron composite, and thus the reducing agent rate can be decreased.
  • a blast furnace operation method that uses carbon iron composite includes forming a coke layer and an ore layer, in which the ore layer is formed as a plurality of batches ore layer divided into two or batches, carbon iron composite is mixed into at least one batch of an ore layer in the plurality of batches ore layer but not into at least one different batch of an ore layer.
  • the carbon iron composite ratio at the position in the blast furnace radius direction where the ore layer thickness ratio is large is increased, the carbon iron composite ratio in the region where the CO 2 concentration is high can be increased and the effect of mixing the carbon iron composite can be further enhanced. Accordingly, in an operation in which the ore layer thickness ratio is varied in the furnace radius direction, ore is charged so that the furnace radius direction position varies among the batches of the ore layers and a carbon composite is mixed into a batch of an ore layer at a furnace radius direction position where the ore layer thickness ratio is relatively large.
  • the carbon iron composite is mixed into the batch having a larger ore layer thickness ratio.
  • the carbon iron composite is mixed into at least the batch having the highest ore layer thickness ratio and no carbon iron composite is mixed into the batch having the lowest ore layer thickness ratio.
  • the position where the carbon iron composite ratio is to be increased is preferably an upper portion of the ore layer.
  • Increasing the carbon iron composite ratio in the upper portion of the ore layer can increase the carbon iron composite ratio in the region having a high CO 2 concentration and the effect of mixing the carbon iron composite can be further enhanced.
  • operation is conducted so that the ore layer is divided into two or more batches in the height direction of the ore layer and no carbon iron composite is mixed into at least the ore layer of the batch located at the bottom.
  • the carbon iron composite is preferably mixed into at least the ore layer of the batch located at the top.
  • Fig. 1 shows the case in which the ore layer thickness ratio in the middle portion is large.
  • Fig. 2 shows the case in which the ore layer thickness ratio in the peripheral portion is large.
  • the carbon iron composite is mixed into the batch of an ore layer 5 which is the second batch corresponding to a high-thickness-ratio portion.
  • the carbon iron composite can be selectively mixed into a portion in the radius direction where the ore layer thickness ratio is high.
  • the carbon iron composite is mixed into a batch of an ore layer 7 corresponding to the upper part of the entire ore layer and thus the carbon iron composite can be selectively mixed into the ore upper layer portion.
  • the ore layer may be divided into three or more batches and the carbon iron composite may be mixed into only a particular batch or batches (one or more batches but the number of batches is at least 1 smaller than the total batch number) in order to selectively mix the carbon iron composite in a particular region.
  • the amount of the carbon iron composite to be mixed into the ore is discussed here.
  • To 500 g of sintered ore serving as ore, conventional coke and carbon iron composite were mixed and the mixture was reacted in a CO:N 2 0.3:0.7 (volume ratio) atmosphere at 900°C for 3 hours.
  • the results are shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the amount of the conventional coke mixed was 6% by mass.
  • the amount of the carbon iron composite mixed with the ore is 1.0% by mass or more, the effect of increasing the sintered ore reduction degree is exhibited but the effect is saturated at about 9% by mass.
  • the amount of the carbon iron composite mixed into the ore is preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 9% by mass or less.
  • Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the iron content in the carbon iron composite and the start temperature of the reaction of the carbon iron composite with the CO 2 -CO mixed gas. According to Fig. 5 , along with the increase in the iron content in the carbon iron composite, the reactivity is improved and the reaction start temperature is decreased. A large effect is exhibited at the iron content of 5% by mass and onward and the effect is saturated at 40% by mass or higher. Accordingly, it can be deduced that the preferable iron content is 5% to 40% by mass and more.
  • the iron content in the carbon iron composite is preferably 5% to 40% by mass and more preferably 10% to 40% by mass.
  • a blast furnace operation test was conducted by applying the method of the present invention.
  • the carbon iron composite used was manufactured by briquetting a mixture of coal and iron ore with a briquetting machine, charging the briquettes into a vertical shaft furnace, and performing carbonizing.
  • the shape of the carbon iron composite is illustrated in Fig. 6 .
  • the upper diagram of Fig. 6 is a plan view and the lower diagram of Fig. 6 is a front view.
  • the iron content in the carbon iron composite was 30% by mass. Sintered ore was used as the ore.
  • Charging of raw materials into the blast furnace was conducted as follows: First, a coke layer constituted only by conventional coke was formed and then the ore was charged in two batches as illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the average carbon iron composite amount mixed was 100 kg/t.
  • the same percentage of the carbon iron composite was mixed into each of the two ore batches in one case and, in another case, the carbon iron composite was mixed into one (ore layer 2) of the two ore batches only. For the purposes of comparison, operation was also conducted without mixing the carbon iron composite.
  • Case a is a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was not mixed into any of the ore layers 2 and 3 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Case b is also a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was mixed into both the ore layers 2 and 3 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Case c is an example of the present invention where the carbon iron composite was mixed into the ore layer 2 only in the distribution control shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the reducing agent rate is low in Case b and Case c where the carbon iron composite was used.
  • the gas utilization rate was higher and the reducing agent rate was lower in Case c where the carbon iron composite was mixed into the ore layer 2 only than in Case b. This is presumably because selectively mixing the carbon iron composite into a portion with a high ore layer thickness ratio promoted gasification of the carbon iron composite and allowed the reduction of the ore to progress.
  • the ore was divided into two batches and charged as illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the average amount of the carbon iron composite mixed was 100 kg/t.
  • the same percentage of the carbon iron composite was mixed into each of the two ore batches in one case and, in another case, the carbon iron composite was mixed into one of the two ore batches only. Operation was also conducted without mixing the carbon iron composite.
  • Case d is a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was not mixed into any of the ore layers 4 and 5 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 2 .
  • Case e is also a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was mixed into both the ore layers 4 and 5 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 2 .
  • Case f is an example of the present invention where the carbon iron composite was mixed into the ore layer 5 only in the distribution control shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the reducing agent rate is low in Case e and Case f where the carbon iron composite was used.
  • the gas utilization rate was higher and the reducing agent rate was lower in Case f where the carbon iron composite was mixed into the ore layer 5 only than in Case e. This is presumably because selectively mixing the carbon iron composite into a portion with a high ore layer thickness ratio promoted gasification of the carbon iron composite and allowed the reduction of the ore to progress.
  • the ore was divided into two batches and charged as illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • the average amount of the carbon iron composite mixed was 100 kg/t.
  • the same percentage of the carbon iron composite was mixed into each of the two ore batches in one case and, in another case, the carbon iron composite was mixed into one of the two ore batches only. Operation was also conducted without mixing the carbon iron composite.
  • Case g is a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was not mixed into any of the ore layers 6 and 7 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 3 .
  • Case h is also a comparative example where the carbon iron composite was mixed into both the ore layers 6 and 7 in the distribution control shown in Fig. 3 .
  • Case i is an example of the present invention where the carbon iron composite is mixed into the ore layer 7 only in the distribution control shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the reducing agent rate is low in Case h and Case i where the carbon iron composite was used.
  • the gas utilization rate was higher and the reducing agent rate was lower in Case i where the carbon iron composite was mixed into the ore layer 7 only than in Case h. This is presumably because selectively mixing the carbon iron composite into an upper layer of the ore layer promoted gasification of the carbon iron composite and allowed the reduction of the ore to progress.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung von Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit durch Bilden einer Koksschicht und einer Erzschicht in dem Hochofen, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    Aufteilen von Erz in eine Mehrzahl von Chargen, die zwei oder mehr Chargen beinhaltet, und Chargieren des Erzes in einen Hochofen um eine Erzschicht zu bilden,
    Mischen des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits in die Erzschicht von zumindest einer Charge in der Erzschicht, die durch die Mehrzahl von Chargen gebildet wurde, und
    wobei kein Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in die Erzschicht von zumindest einer anderen Charge gemischt wird, wobei
    das Erz derart chargiert wird, dass die Positionen, an denen die Mehrzahl von Chargen chargiert werden, in einer Ofenradiusrichtung variieren und ein Erzschichtdickenverhältnis, definiert durch Erzschichtdicke/(Erzschichtdicke + Koksschichtdicke) in der Ofenradiusrichtung variiert wird, und
    das Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in eine Erzschicht einer Charge gemischt wird, die ein relativ großes Erzschichtdickenverhältnis aufweist.
  2. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei
    das Erz in zwei oder mehr Chargen in einer Höhenrichtung der Erzschicht aufgeteilt wird und chargiert wird, und
    kein Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in zumindest eine Erzschicht einer Charge gemischt wird, die sich unten befindet.
  3. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei
    das Erz in zwei Chargen in einer Höhenrichtung der Erzschicht aufgeteilt wird und chargiert wird, so dass eine Erzschicht, die in einem oberen Abschnitt positioniert ist, und eine Erzschicht, die in einem unteren Abschnitt positioniert ist, gebildet werden und
    kein Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in die Erzschicht gemischt wird, die in dem unteren Abschnitt positioniert ist.
  4. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei
    das Erz in drei Chargen in einer Höhenrichtung der Erzschicht aufgeteilt wird und chargiert wird, so dass eine Erzschicht, die in einem oberen Abschnitt positioniert ist, eine Erzschicht, die in einem mittleren Abschnitt positioniert ist, und eine Erzschicht, die in einem unteren Abschnitt positioniert ist, gebildet werden und
    kein Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in die Erzschicht gemischt wird, die in dem unteren Abschnitt positioniert ist.
  5. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposit in der Erzschicht ein Mischungsverhältnis von 1% in Masse oder mehr relativ zu dem Erz aufweist.
  6. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 5, wobei das Mischungsverhältnis 1% in Masse oder mehr und 9% in Masse oder weniger beträgt.
  7. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei der Eisengehalt des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits 5% bis 40% in Masse beträgt.
  8. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochofens unter Verwendung des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits gemäß Anspruch 7, wobei der Eisengehalt des Kohlenstoff-Eisen-Komposits 10% bis 40% in Masse beträgt.
EP12878418.8A 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 Betriebsverfahren für einen verbrennungsofen mit ferrocoke Active EP2840152B1 (de)

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PCT/JP2012/065056 WO2013183170A1 (ja) 2012-06-06 2012-06-06 フェロコークスを用いた高炉操業方法

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EP2840152A1 EP2840152A1 (de) 2015-02-25
EP2840152A4 EP2840152A4 (de) 2015-11-18
EP2840152B1 true EP2840152B1 (de) 2018-10-17

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EP (1) EP2840152B1 (de)
KR (1) KR101611121B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104334748B (de)
AU (1) AU2012382225B2 (de)
BR (1) BR112014028858B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013183170A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103882167A (zh) * 2014-03-21 2014-06-25 济钢集团有限公司 一种高炉料层结构
BR112018008267B1 (pt) * 2015-10-28 2021-09-08 Jfe Steel Corporation Método de carregar matéria-prima para dentro de alto-forno
CN115896365A (zh) * 2021-09-22 2023-04-04 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种碳铁复合炉料的制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63210207A (ja) * 1987-02-25 1988-08-31 Nkk Corp 高炉操業法
JPH08134517A (ja) * 1994-11-07 1996-05-28 Kawasaki Steel Corp 高炉操業方法
CN1596315B (zh) * 2002-08-29 2011-03-23 杰富意钢铁株式会社 无料钟高炉的原料装入方法
JP4556524B2 (ja) * 2004-07-16 2010-10-06 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高炉の操業方法
JP4556525B2 (ja) 2004-07-16 2010-10-06 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高炉の操業方法
JP4899726B2 (ja) * 2006-08-31 2012-03-21 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高炉の操業方法
JP4998692B2 (ja) * 2006-10-31 2012-08-15 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 フェロコークス使用時の高炉操業方法
JP4697340B2 (ja) * 2009-05-29 2011-06-08 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高炉操業方法
JP4793501B2 (ja) * 2009-08-10 2011-10-12 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 フェロコークスを用いた高炉操業方法
JP2011162845A (ja) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-25 Jfe Steel Corp フェロコークスを用いた高炉操業方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013183170A1 (ja) 2013-12-12
KR20150006472A (ko) 2015-01-16
BR112014028858B1 (pt) 2018-11-13
CN104334748B (zh) 2016-10-26
EP2840152A4 (de) 2015-11-18
AU2012382225A1 (en) 2014-11-20
BR112014028858A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
EP2840152A1 (de) 2015-02-25
AU2012382225B2 (en) 2016-01-28
CN104334748A (zh) 2015-02-04
KR101611121B1 (ko) 2016-04-08

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