EP2826925B1 - Complexe de bâtiment - Google Patents

Complexe de bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2826925B1
EP2826925B1 EP14177766.4A EP14177766A EP2826925B1 EP 2826925 B1 EP2826925 B1 EP 2826925B1 EP 14177766 A EP14177766 A EP 14177766A EP 2826925 B1 EP2826925 B1 EP 2826925B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
elements
wall slab
building complex
complex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP14177766.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2826925A2 (fr
EP2826925A3 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Faerber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Integerix Planungsbuero GmbH
Original Assignee
Integerix Planungsbuero GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Integerix Planungsbuero GmbH filed Critical Integerix Planungsbuero GmbH
Publication of EP2826925A2 publication Critical patent/EP2826925A2/fr
Priority to DE202015101636.0U priority Critical patent/DE202015101636U1/de
Publication of EP2826925A3 publication Critical patent/EP2826925A3/fr
Priority to EP15177719.0A priority patent/EP2977529A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2826925B1 publication Critical patent/EP2826925B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • E04B1/3408—Extraordinarily-supported small buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34861—Elements not integrated in a skeleton particular arrangement of habitable rooms or their component parts; modular co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B2001/0053—Buildings characterised by their shape or layout grid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building complex for residential and / or functional buildings such as office or factory buildings, which is characterized by a micro-invasive landscape intervention.
  • the local climatic conditions in cities and suburban areas are due to the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors.
  • the anthropogenic factors include the type and density of the development, the heat storage capacity of the building materials and the degree of soil sealing, which influences the radiation and heat balance. From a climatic point of view, a city forms a heat island and the associated sealing of the soil leads, among other things, to heat and pollutant emissions. Wind-poor weather conditions combined with a high proportion of sealed surfaces lead to a lack of ventilation and thus also to an increased heat load up to low-exchange weather conditions with high air pollution. Bioclimatic represents a health impairment for the inhabitants of the city.
  • a critical subsoil for example, like tuberous marl layers that are at risk of collapse, can become unstable as a result of interventions in the subsoil and an economically viable foundation solution must be well thought out.
  • Conventional foundation solutions stand for costly subsoil investigations in advance of the planning and a costly effort to establish a stable foundation level, as they distribute the loads to be removed mostly on a large part of the available land area and seal them thereby.
  • the degree of surface sealing influences the heat balance of a city area.
  • a building complex comprising a vertical wall plate, which rests on at least one, in particular a plurality of foundation cross members.
  • Each cross member rests on at least one, in particular two or more point foundations in the ground.
  • the vertical wall plate has at least one supply line and at least one sewage line.
  • At least one, in particular a plurality of building receivers are provided in the wall, can be installed in the individual building units, pushed or otherwise anchored, the building units have no further static connection with the ground.
  • a building complex is proposed, which is built on the ground.
  • a framework such as a steel frame or wooden structure serves as load-distributing level and ensures the uniform discharge of all loads directly into the point foundations.
  • the vertical masonry wall connects all modules / building units non-positively and takes over essential static and stabilizing functions and also serves as a central medium for all supply and disposal systems.
  • a minimally invasive building structure is achieved, which achieves a minimization of construction-related environmental impacts while preserving design and architectural quality standards.
  • the advantageous effects of the building complex according to the invention can be achieved in a manner that is independent of real estate and the environment, both in flat and steep and difficult to build ground conditions.
  • the invention achieves a significant cost savings, especially for foundation and home technology while minimizing the necessary intervention in the natural environment and largely waiving earthworks for development, foundation and soil sealing. Due to the defined distance between the subsoil and the building bottom, a flood protection and flood protection is ensured, so that a development of flood-prone areas is possible, as it is a design like that of the city of Venice with all the known advantages.
  • a building complex according to the invention allows a development and use of living space, which would be accessible only with great effort with conventional construction techniques. Furthermore, the construction principle according to the invention allows a development in swampy or water-flooded areas, as well as a development or partial development of lakes, rivers or marine areas, wherein at least a subset of the point elements are in the water or swampy ground.
  • the supply line may in particular comprise a power, water and / or gas supply. It can also be integrated a pneumatic tube system.
  • the supply cord (s) are integrated within the wall plate, e.g. laid in a channel within the wall or mechanically fixed to the wall of the wall, outside the wall, e.g. by means of a screwed installation channel. An in-wall installation increases shielding against environmental influences and allows a visually appealing installation, while laying outside the masonry wall facilitates subsequent laying or repairs.
  • the sewage line may carry sewage and / or rainwater in one or in separate channels.
  • a wastewater discharge can discharge wastewater and / or rainwater into a sewer system and / or cistern or sewage treatment plant, with a natural drop height of waste water can be used for drainage at a low profile of the sewage strand and can be dispensed with lifts.
  • each building unit can comprise a connection system that can be connected and disconnected again for connecting the supply line and / or the wastewater line to an internal supply and wastewater system of the building unit.
  • the building units can basically be connected as desired to the brick wall.
  • the wall plate may have recesses as building receivers, through which at least partially a building unit can be pushed through and fastened.
  • fastening elements in particular suspension elements or screwing elements, can be arranged on the wall plate as building receivers to which a building unit can be fastened.
  • the point foundations can be produced regularly as concrete-casted and steel-reinforced components.
  • the sub-elements may for example be individual concrete parts whose weight should not exceed, for example, less than 300 kg, preferably less than 150 kg for manual processing and which are shaped so that they can be assembled into large foundation complexes and assembled, for example, by means of releasable connection means such as screw connections, hook connections, etc. ,
  • the construction material for point foundations can be prefabricated and spent with human power on difficult to reach ground.
  • a point foundation comprises an insulated concrete foundation body in the ground and a vertical column projecting from the ground surface, the length of which is height-adjustable to compensate for unevenness in the ground.
  • Thecorenver Szier can be achieved for example by a screw thread or a telescopic linkage, wherein at the upper end of the support column at least one foundation cross member can be attached. Due to the vertical support column, which may have a round or square cross section, the cross members, which usually rest on at least two point foundations, are aligned in a horizontal position. It can also be achieved that all cross member of the building complex lie on a horizontal plane, so that an uneven ground can be compensated.
  • the wall plate can be made for example of steel, preferably steel beams, masonry and possibly reinforced or reinforced stone work, timber, preferably wooden frame or a cast steel reinforcing wall, with a combination of different materials is conceivable.
  • the wall plate forms the static structure of the building complex and must be sufficiently mechanically dimensioned to meet all the loads.
  • the wall panel at least partially comprise a Stahlzi- or wooden frame as a framework, which absorbs mechanical load forces of the building units and thereby can absorb the building forces, in particular horizontally acting forces.
  • a steel girder frame and a wooden frame have high tensile strength and torsional strength, and breakage of the frame can be practically eliminated. In this way, a weight and material savings of the wall glass can be achieved, the bearing capacity of the building complex can be significantly increased.
  • the wall disc rests on the cross beams and can be connected with them as desired. It has proved to be advantageous if the wall plate is fastened by means of clamping elements and / or Verspannettin with the cross members. Thus, the wall plate can be clamped in the lateral direction of the cross member, so that lateral forces are derived via the clamping and bracing via the cross member on the point foundations.
  • the bracing elements can be tensioning thread, but also a sloping support rod.
  • the wall plate may advantageously at least one further point foundation by means of a rope, in particular a steel cable or a rod, in particular a steel rod to be connected to an upper portion of the wall. Furthermore, advantageously at the upper end of the wall of a vertical support or a pole protrude, on which the rope or the rod is anchored, so that there is an inclined support between the point foundation and wall, which increases the stabilization.
  • An increase of the attachment point of the rod or the rope improves the leverage for lateral stabilization.
  • the point foundation may be a common point foundation loaded with a cross member, or an isolated point foundation far from the wall plate.
  • the angle of inclination of the rod or rope may be 45 ° or less relative to the ground, so that the shear force discharge can effectively relieve the wall.
  • a frame framework can be constructed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal orientation of the wall plate on at least one cross member, it being possible for at least one building unit to be fastened to increase the transverse stability on the frame framework.
  • a frame structure on the cross member and thus substantially perpendicular to the wall plate increases on the one hand the transverse stability and can serve for improved attachment of a building unit.
  • transverse forces of the building unit are derived directly via the frame structure on the cross member, so that the static system of the building unit and the wall plate is relieved.
  • the framework can be at least partially prefabricated, so that frame members can be assembled at the site relatively simple and inexpensive to large-scale pieces of the wall plate or a cross-framework.
  • the proposed complex floats on a few feet above the grown ground.
  • the loads of a single building can also be introduced by means of a framework into only two custom-made point foundations made of reinforced concrete.
  • the costs and the time required to set up the founding level are thus significantly reduced and the intervention in the evolved environment is relatively small.
  • Excavation can also be done with lighter equipment.
  • the subsoil investigations concentrate on a few foundation points and the dimensioning of the foundation bodies is based on the exact requirements placed on each individual foundation.
  • a building plot may have a relatively consistent terrain slope over the entire length.
  • the slope is advantageously oriented to the south or southwest.
  • Qualified urban and landscape planning includes measures that can reduce the heat load on the population in cities and the heat island effect.
  • the proposed building complex refrains from the sealing of areas.
  • the entire structure floats on a few feet above the grown ground. This is made possible by a special free-standing foundation method adapted to the location with ground contact at only a few points. Air currents can circulate freely and the typical green character of a rim height is preserved.
  • the roof surfaces could also be planted. However, plants need water, which would also reduce the amount of rain needed to supply the building.
  • slopes are of particular importance because they serve as air flow paths with a thermally compensating function of heat dissipation of a city area. Even with regard to forecasted global weather developments in connection with the greenhouse effect, this aspect is not high enough be rated.
  • the building complex proposes the introduction of all structural loads in just a few foundation points. The entire structure is built over the grown ground, so that a good air exchange remains guaranteed.
  • the wall is rectilinear.
  • this can advantageously be angled in the longitudinal course, curved or circular and / or the wall plate can be closed in itself.
  • the brick wall also takes on a creative function and forms the backdrop on both sides, against the background of which different architectural scenarios can develop.
  • the construction of the entire system is based on modular design principles, starting with the foundations to the green roofs.
  • Individual room modules, i. Building units can be variably adjusted to individual requirements in terms of their size and the design of the facades.
  • a building complex can be individually defined according to the type, number and size of the individual rooms or building units, whereby the external dimensions of the buildings can be dimensioned as desired. Taking into account the necessary marginal distances, a building plot can be optimally utilized.
  • the building complex can be adapted to a current standard landscape and is designed for long-term operation.
  • the modular design also includes the option of completely or partially dismantling the system or exchanging individual building units.
  • a rainwater collecting line can be arranged in or on the wall plate, which can dissipate rainwater from horizontal surfaces such as roof surfaces of the building complex in a centrally located cistern, in particular at a low point or at a lowermost end of the wall.
  • horizontal surfaces can be used to catch rainwater.
  • a central rainwater collecting line which may advantageously also be integrated in the wall, the entire accumulating water can be introduced into a cistern in the lower property area. There, the rainwater can be filtered and then pumped to the highest point of the system. According to the principle of gravity, it can be distributed from there via a running inside the masonry pipe network directly to the individual sampling points.
  • the rainwater collecting line can also be mounted outside of the wall, so as to be exchangeable and repairable in the event of leaks. This also allows flexible new inflow and outflow connections to be attached to the manifold.
  • the supply of a building complex with renewable energies can be easily ensured by the brick wall.
  • Generous areas can be provided for the installation of solar panels, both on the wall and on the building complexes.
  • In the lower part of the property areas for the accommodation of the technical installations can be kept. It can be provided a cogeneration plant for central heating and hot water supply.
  • biological compost toilets can be an environmentally friendly and economical sanitary solution as an alternative to conventional WCs. This not only saves valuable water, but the fecal matter - in fresh or composted form - to improve the soil.
  • the sewage line can be designed to remove wastewater via a wastewater discharge into a centrally arranged sewage treatment plant or into a sewage system, in particular at a low point or a lower end of the wall.
  • Plant water treatment plants are based on a natural principle, namely the self-cleaning capacity of certain natural ecosystems such. B. streams and rivers.
  • the waste water of the building complex can be fed to a soil body planted with selected marsh plants. When passing through or over this, the contaminants are eliminated.
  • a composting toilet which works without water, the wastewater is not contaminated with human metabolites.
  • an access area for parking purposes may be provided.
  • a parking can be provided directly on or below the building unit.
  • the external dimensions of individual room modules can vary.
  • the terraces float above the grown ground.
  • Horizontal surfaces of the building complex can be used to collect rainwater so that roof and generous terraces create a rainwater collection area.
  • the design of the dot foundations is essential for a micro-invasive intervention in the ground.
  • a steel reinforcement is placed in a shuttering in a spatially limited excavation and poured out the formwork with concrete mass.
  • Such reinforced concrete point foundations can not be degraded or only with great effort and removed without residue.
  • a point foundation which comprises a composite of individual sub-elements, which can be connected to one another by means of connecting elements in a pressure-resistant and tensile-loadable manner.
  • individual sub-elements and fasteners can be prefabricated and assembled at the site to point foundations. This allows a high degree of prefabrication and fast, inexpensive and easy installation on site.
  • the sub-elements of the point foundations are shaped as cuboid blocks, preferably as concrete or stone blocks, which have a weight of 300 kg or less, in particular of 150 kg or less.
  • Such sub-elements can be relatively easily transported and, if necessary, manually transport even in rough ground and put together.
  • the sub-elements may have a rectangular, square or even (part) rounded outer contour.
  • the surface of the sub-elements have recesses or interventions for mutual engagement.
  • the sub-elements can be interlocked, so that a relative displacement is prevented by positive locking each other.
  • a lego-like interlocking of recesses and highlights is conceivable, or complementary shaped surfaces, corners or edges of the sub-elements, so that a page-pressure and vertical printing capability is improved.
  • the connecting elements can be designed as brackets, bands or connecting rods.
  • the sub-elements can be clamped together, connected by circulating belts or tied together or by means of connecting rods, which are guided by connecting channels of the sub-elements, with each other.
  • the connecting rods are designed as threaded rods which have at least at their axial ends a threaded portion on which a pressing element, such as a nut with washer, locking elements or the like are screwed or pushed.
  • a pressing element such as a nut with washer, locking elements or the like
  • the connecting elements not only connect or press together partial elements of different vertical planes of the point foundation, but also connect or press together adjacent partial elements in a horizontal plane.
  • a plurality of connecting channels in particular one or more sets of connecting channels are provided in the sub-elements in order to connect different sub-elements together.
  • a type of sub-elements may be formed as base elements, which are arranged in the lower region of a excavation and can be connected to each other.
  • transition elements which include a connection possibility with the base elements by means of a set of connection channels and a connection possibility with column elements by means of a further set of connection channels.
  • the associated column elements has just this other set of connecting channels to be connected to each other to build a protruding from the ground pillar, and which are connected to the transition elements.
  • the transition element thus acts as an adapter element between connecting elements of the base elements and the column elements. It is conceivable that the connecting elements of the base elements are formed the same as the connecting elements of the column elements in order to keep the number of required element types low. However, the connecting elements of the base elements and the connecting elements of the column elements may also be structurally different.
  • connecting elements are provided in the sub-elements, it may be advantageous for a burial pot in the form of a depression to be provided on the surface-side end of the connecting elements, in which pressing elements such as threaded screws, latching means can be countersunk.
  • pressing elements such as threaded screws, latching means can be countersunk.
  • connection rods are used as connecting elements, it is advisable to insert in the outer regions of the dot foundations relatively short connecting rods, which are e.g. can connect two stacked sub-elements. In an inner, near-center region of the point foundation relatively long connecting rods can be used, which connect three or more stacked sub-elements uniformly. It is conceivable that one or more centrally arranged connection rods have the total height of the point foundation with attached foundation column.
  • the dot foundation may comprise a one-piece base plate, which may be, for example, a steel or concrete slab, and which forms the lowest level of the point foundation. This allows an evenly distributed pressure distribution and prevents one-sided sagging of the point foundation.
  • the building complex 10 comprises a plurality of foundation cross members 14 as a framework, which is anchored at its two end points by means of Mandarinfundamten 16 in the ground.
  • a wall plate 12 extends at right angles to the cross members 14 and is positively connected thereto for receiving transverse and longitudinal forces.
  • a sewage guide 28 In the interior of the wall plate 12 extend in a lower area a sewage guide 28 and in the upper part of a supply line 24, which may include hot and cold water pipes, power line and a gas line.
  • a supply line 24 which may include hot and cold water pipes, power line and a gas line.
  • recesses may be provided as building receptacles 20, or on the wall plate 12 may be arranged fasteners for attaching / hanging of building units or modules 18.
  • a supply supply 26 and starting from the sewage line 22 a waste water discharge 28 is provided, to which the building units 18 can be connected. It is advisable to unify both size and connection points of the building units 18, so that these exchanged and, for example, in the case of a move to another basic construction of a building complex 10, which consists of wall plate 12, cross member 14 and foundations 16, can be transferred.
  • FIGS. 2 to 9 show further embodiments and detailed representations of embodiments of a building complex 38, 40 according to the invention, wherein individual structural features are arbitrarily combinable and can be combined to form further building complexes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment 38 of an office building complex which comprises a wall of brick wall 12 that is kicked off.
  • the building comprises several building units 18-1, 18-2, 18-3, and 18-4, which may have different uses, and which are functionally interconnected by transitions such as stairs, freeflures, or balconies.
  • the building complex 38 comprises a first, cube-like building unit 18-1, which is pushed through a recess of the supporting wall plate 12.
  • a building unit 18-2 which includes a balcony 42 for connecting the building units 18-1, 18-2 and 18-4, on the other side of the wall is followed by the pyramid shape 18-3.
  • the 8-cornered polygon building unit 18-4 is at an approximately 45 ° angled section arranged the wall plate 12, and also partially inserted through a wall plate 12.
  • the mass distribution of the building units 18-1 to 18-4 are based on a center of mass, which essentially follows the course of the wall plate 12, evenly distributed.
  • the mass distribution can be determined by integrating the building masses to the left and right of the center of gravity. This ensures that there is a statically balanced mass distribution along the wall.
  • the building unit 18-1 has a main entrance unit on a staircase 44 to the ground, which can perform a static function as another Abst Reifenfundament.
  • FIGs. 3a, 3b and 3c horizontal sections through the building complex 38 are shown.
  • the wall plate 12 kinks at Abwinkelungsort 56 by about 45 °, with building unit 18-4 is arranged in the angled region of the wall plate 12.
  • Fig. 3b Fig. 12 shows a room layout diagram showing doorways and openings, it being understood that all building units 18 are interconnected.
  • Cross beams 14 and point foundations 16 of the building complex 38 are shown.
  • the wall plate 12 rests directly on a chain of point foundations 16, with a parallel chain point foundations on cross members 14 are provided to increase the lateral stabilization and to support the building complex 18-3.
  • FIGs. 4a, 4b and 4c are vertical sectional views AA, BB and CC shown, with the cutting planes in the Figs. 3a to 3b are drawn. While Fig. 4a the cross section AA and Fig. 4b show the cross section BB shows Fig. 4c the longitudinal section CC.
  • the point foundations 16 which consist of individual, prefabricated and frictionally interconnected sub-elements 30. From the point foundations 16 protrude longitudinally variable vertical support columns 32 which are designed telescopically, and allow height adjustment and leveling of the wall plate 12 against a sloping course of the ground 46.
  • the Fig. 5 shows in two perspective views 5a and 5b respectively a lateral view of the two sides of the wall plate 12 of a residential complex 40.
  • the residential complex 40 has an elongated, resting on cross members wall plate 12 with a plurality attached thereto, partially inserted residential building units 18.
  • Individual residential building units 18 can be formed in container construction and again releasably inserted into the wall plate 12 as a supporting static element and connected to a supply and wastewater strand 22, 24 of the wall plate 12 become.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a horizontal sectional view through the residential building complex 40, wherein clearly the wall plate 12 as a central structural element follows the course of the center of gravity.
  • a plurality of building units 18 are inserted in the wall, with individual units 18 may also be inserted transversely.
  • FIGs. 7a and 7b are longitudinal sectional views of the building complex 40, whose course in the Fig. 6 are shown.
  • the Fig. 7a shows a section outside the wall plate 12 and Fig. 7b a section through the rectilinear wall glass 12.
  • the wall plate 12 comprises a framework 36, which is composed of a composite of steel girder frame 34.
  • the steel girder frame 34 may be prefabricated and allow the inclusion of high bending and tensile forces to stabilize the transverse stabilization of the building complex 40.
  • the wall plate 12 may be a concrete wall in which the framework 36 is cast, but may also be a masonry lining the frame structure , It is also a veneer of the framework, e.g. conceivable with metal or building boards, so that there is a high flexibility of the choice of materials and building ecology aspects can be considered.
  • the point foundations 16 allow by differently high vertical columns 32 leveling the wall plate 12 against a sloping ground 46. Like the sections CC of the Fig. 7c , DD the Fig. 7d , EE the Fig. 7e and FF the Fig. 7f show the completion of the vertical columns 32 foundation cross member 14 form.
  • the foundation cross member 14 allow the construction of a cross-frame framework 66 as a steel girder frame 64.
  • the transverse frame 66 includes transverse frame vertical support 68 and transverse frame horizontal beam 70, which are based on the cross member 14 and allow an increase in the lateral or lateral stability of the wall plate 12 ,
  • One or more horizontally extending wall panel side members 50 are deployed under the cross member 14 and may be at different heights to follow the terrain profile.
  • the longitudinal frame 36 has in the wall plate 12 vertical support 52.
  • building units 18 can be fixed or integrated therein, in particular building units 18 with large dimensions and high weight.
  • the wall plate 12 has at the top of a supply line 24, which may include fresh water, electricity and gas lines.
  • a sewage line 22 for discharging waste water from the building units 18 is provided in the lower region of the wall plate 12.
  • Supply and sewage pipes 22, 24 may be connected to the building units 18 by pre-assembled and unitized connection systems, thereby allowing easy installation or deinstallation of the building units 18 on the wall glass 12.
  • FIGs. 8th and 9 are gradually a construction and removal method of an embodiment 10 of a building complex according to the invention shown.
  • Fig. 8 shows construction steps and
  • Fig. 9 shows dismantling steps.
  • excavations 48 are made for point foundations 16 first in the ground. Due to the small size of the point foundations 16, these lifts 48 can be made with light construction equipment or possibly by hand.
  • concrete sub-elements 30 are assembled in the excavations 48 to point foundations 16.
  • a vertical column 32 is used with a connection point for cross member 14.
  • the point foundations 16 can be poured in one piece and the cross member 14 can be cast with.
  • transverse beams 14 are placed on the vertical columns, which serve as the basis and stabilize the wall to be erected wall glass 12.
  • wall plate side members 50 are set as a pedestal and also higher-mounted cross braces 54 of the wall plate 12, which may extend parallel and horizontal, for example, in one or more height levels, but can also extend in stages to track a height profile of the ground 46 or form recesses below the building complex 10, for example, for car parking spaces, passage areas or the like.
  • connection can be designed as a welded connection, screw connection, etc. detachable or non-detachable to form a steel support frame 36.
  • Individual frame 36 may be prefabricated and assembled on the construction site on the cross members 14.
  • the carriers 14, 50, 52, 54 are preferably made of steel, but may also be made of wood or other suitable materials and may preferably have a T-profile, double-T or rectangular profile. After completion of the Frame framework 36 this can be lined or filled. It is conceivable that the frame framework 36 is cast in a concrete shell, wherein fastening means for fastening building units 18 are provided on the frame structure 36.
  • the frame framework 36 can be bricked out, or be clad only with structural panels.
  • supply and sewage strands 22, 24 and electrical wiring, hot water pipes, etc. can be provided and installed at defined connection points for the installation of building units 18.
  • cross beams 14 and wall slat side members 50 made of steel and the horizontal and vertical beams 52, 54 of the wall plate and possibly 68, 70 of the transverse frame element 66 from wooden components required for the construction of the frame structure 36. This reduces the building weight, increases the elasticity and reduces the construction costs of the frameworks 36, 66.
  • Fig. 9 is a backward mining method that follows the steps of the construction process Fig. 8 in reverse order, shown. As a result, residue-free and without significant intervention in the ground 46, a faster and cheaper construction and removal of a residential complex 10 can be performed.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are an assembly and a mining method of a point foundation 16 with sub-elements 30 shown.
  • a spatially limited excavation 48 buried in a ground 46.
  • the excavation has a low volume of less than 10 tons, in particular less than 5 tons, preferably less than 2 tons, so that the overburden can be distributed in terms of area or can be produced and removed with little effort.
  • a relatively thin bottom member 88 is inserted as a one-piece concrete slab that covers the bottom of the excavation 48. In many cases, the bottom element 88 can be dispensed with.
  • Part 2 a first level of cuboid concrete elements is introduced as base elements 82.
  • Each base member 82 has a plurality of connecting channels 76 through which connecting elements 72 are inserted as threaded connecting rods 74.
  • the threaded connecting rods 74 are axially secured by means of compression elements 80 as threaded nuts in a sunk pot 78 of the connecting channel 76 against tensile load.
  • Each outer connecting rods 74 have the length for connecting two stacked base elements 82.
  • Inner tie bars 74 have a length for connecting three stacked pedestals 82 and two stacked pedestals 82 and a transition element 84, respectively. As a result, a pyramid-like vertical structure of the dot foundation 16 is achieved.
  • a second series of base elements 74 is pushed onto the connecting rods 74 and placed on the first row of base elements 74.
  • a transition element 84 is pushed onto the inner, longer connecting rods 74 and defines a third element plane of the point foundation 16.
  • the outer tie rods 74 are bolted to press the first and second planes of the base members 82 together.
  • the transition element 84 forms an adapter between the connecting elements 72 of the base elements 82 and the connecting elements 72 of the column elements 86.
  • the connecting elements 72 form connecting rods 76, wherein the connecting rods 76 through connecting channels 76, i.
  • transition and column elements 82, 84 and 86 are performed. These are screwed at the axial ends by means of compression elements 80 designed as threaded nuts in order to press together the partial-element levels of the point foundation 16.
  • compression elements 80 designed as threaded nuts in order to press together the partial-element levels of the point foundation 16.
  • the connection channels 76 of the pillar elements 86 are concentrically centered, while the connection channels 76 of the base elements 82 are located away from the center of the point foundation 16.
  • Fig. 11 is according to the representation of Fig. 10 a deconstruction of a point foundation 16 from individual elements 40 shown.
  • the description of the individual partial images corresponds in reverse order to the description of Fig. 10 , whereby a simple and complete dismantling of the point foundation 16 is made possible, so that no building remains in the ground 46 remain.
  • a socket element 82 is shown in plan view, side and front view.
  • the base elements 82 are configured in a cuboid shape with a square bottom surface, and have four connecting channels 76 as through holes in a square arrangement.
  • the connecting channels 76 terminate on both sides in immersion pots 78 as recesses, the compression elements 80, such as threaded nuts or locking clamps record and sink can, so that the top and bottom of the base elements 82 remain flat and surface adjacent base elements 82 can be stacked on each other.
  • a transition member 84 is shown that has two associated sets of connecting channels 74, which are also arranged square and concentric with each other.
  • the first, radially outer set of connecting channels 74 is arranged corresponding to the connecting channels 74 of the base member 82 and the second, radially inner set of connecting channels 74 is corresponding to the connecting channels 74 of the column member 86 in FIG Fig. 12c arranged.
  • the first set of connection channels 74 has recessed pits 78 on top of the transition member 84.
  • transition element 84 On the opposite underside of the transition element 84 are arranged Verenkungstöpfe 78 for the second set of connecting channels 76, so that the transition element 84 serves as an adapter element for oppositely directed arrangement of the base connecting elements 72 and the column connecting elements 72.
  • a column member 86 is shown, which protrudes from the excavation 48 and on which a building part touches down and in the basic structure of the base member 82 of Fig. 12a like.
  • no immersion pots 78 are provided, but these can be advantageously provided to allow a mutual compression of the column elements and in particular to improve a tensile strength of the foundation pillar.
  • the pillar members 86 may have footprints of 50cm x 50cm or less, while the pedestal members 82 may have dimensions of between 300cm x 300cm, 150cm x 150cm, and 80cm x 80cm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) comprenant un pan de mur vertical (12) qui repose sur au moins une, en particulier sur plusieurs poutres transversales de fondation (14), caractérisé en ce que chaque poutre transversale (14) est ancrée dans le sol de fondation (46) par au moins une, en particulier deux ou plusieurs semelles ponctuelles (16), sachant que le pan de mur vertical (12) présente au moins un canal d'alimentation (24), au moins un canal d'eaux usées (22) et au moins un, en particulier plusieurs emplacements de bâtiment (20) dans lesquels des unités de bâtiment (18) individuelles peuvent être montées, insérées ou ancrées d'une autre manière, les unités de bâtiment (18) ne présentant aucune autre liaison d'appui statique avec le sol de fondation (46).
  2. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans son développement longitudinal, le pan de mur (12) est coudé, incurvé ou circulaire et/ou que le pan de mur (12) se referme sur lui-même.
  3. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'eaux usées (22) s'étend dans la zone du pan de mur (12) proche du sol de fondation, en particulier au-dessous des unités de bâtiment (18), et ce à l'intérieur du pan de mur (12) ou à l'extérieur dudit pan de mur en y étant fixée mécaniquement.
  4. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'alimentation (24) comprend au moins une ligne d'alimentation en courant, une conduite d'alimentation en gaz et/ou une conduite d'alimentation en eau fraîche, et que le canal d'alimentation (24) s'étend à l'intérieur du pan de mur (12) ou à l'extérieur dudit pan de mur (12) en y étant fixée mécaniquement.
  5. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque unité de bâtiment (18) comprend un système de raccordement branchable et débranchable pour raccorder le canal d'alimentation (12) et/ou le canal d'eaux usées (22) à un système interne d'alimentation et d'eaux usées de l'unité de bâtiment (20).
  6. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pan de mur (12) présente des ouvertures en tant qu'emplacements de bâtiment (20), à travers lesquelles une unité de bâtiment (18) est au moins en partie insérée et fixée.
  7. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que sur le pan de mur (12) sont prévus des éléments de fixation, en particulier des éléments de suspension ou des éléments de vissage en tant qu'emplacements de bâtiment (20), auxquels est fixée une unité de bâtiment (18).
  8. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certaines semelles ponctuelles (16) sont constituées par un assemblage d'une pluralité de composants (30) préfabriqués et de préférence manipulables à la main.
  9. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certaines semelles ponctuelles (16) comprennent une colonne verticale (32) dont la longueur est variable en hauteur pour compenser des irrégularités du sol, et à l'extrémité supérieure de laquelle est fixée au moins une poutre transversale de fondation (14).
  10. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pan de mur (12) comprend au moins par sections un cadre en poutres métalliques et/ou en bois (34) en tant que charpente en cadre (36) qui absorbe les charges mécaniques des unités de bâtiment (18).
  11. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pan de mur (12) est fixé aux poutres transversales (14) au moyen d'éléments de cramponnement et/ou d'éléments tenseurs.
  12. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une semelle ponctuelle (16) additionnelle est reliée à une partie supérieure du pan de mur (12) au moyen d'un câble ou d'une barre, de préférence à une poutre ou une barre s'élevant à la verticale à partir du pan de mur (12) afin d'augmenter la stabilité transversale.
  13. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans ou contre le pan de mur (12) est disposé un collecteur d'eau pluviale qui peut évacuer l'eau pluviale des surfaces horizontales du complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) vers une citerne placée dans une position centrale, en particulier à un endroit en contrebas ou à une extrémité en contrebas du pan de mur (12).
  14. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'eaux usées (22) est conçu pour évacuer les eaux usées via une évacuation des eaux usées (28) dans un lagunage placé dans une position centrale, ou dans les égouts, en particulier à un endroit en contrebas ou à une extrémité en contrebas du pan de mur (12).
  15. Complexe de bâtiment (10, 38, 40) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que sur au moins une poutre transversale (14) est élevée une charpente en cadre (36) pour l'essentiel perpendiculairement à l'orientation longitudinale du pan de mur (12), sachant qu'à la charpente en cadre (36) est fixée au moins une unité de bâtiment afin d'augmenter la stabilité transversale.
EP14177766.4A 2013-07-19 2014-07-21 Complexe de bâtiment Not-in-force EP2826925B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202015101636.0U DE202015101636U1 (de) 2014-03-31 2015-03-31 Mikroinvasiver Gebäudekomplex
EP15177719.0A EP2977529A1 (fr) 2014-07-21 2015-07-21 Fondation individuelle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013107749 2013-07-19

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EP2826925A2 EP2826925A2 (fr) 2015-01-21
EP2826925A3 EP2826925A3 (fr) 2015-06-17
EP2826925B1 true EP2826925B1 (fr) 2016-09-14

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2977529A1 (fr) 2014-07-21 2016-01-27 INTEGERIX Planungsbüro GmbH Fondation individuelle
CN109208624B (zh) * 2018-11-06 2021-01-26 江苏龙源振华海洋工程有限公司 一种海上升压站导管架调平施工工艺
DE102018130406A1 (de) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-04 Elena Ihm Wohngebäudemodul, Wohngebäudemodulanordnung und Gebäudeeinheit
CN110067309A (zh) * 2019-05-29 2019-07-30 三零三建筑科技(深圳)有限公司 一种新型移动装配式房屋

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3613321A (en) * 1969-07-09 1971-10-19 Karl R Rohrer Building construction
FR2262176A1 (en) * 1974-02-25 1975-09-19 Mure Ste Gle Expl Commerciale Modular holiday home construction system - has columns assembled by top and bottom cross-members
US4006566A (en) * 1974-05-30 1977-02-08 Kreso Forgiarini Architectural system
US4288950A (en) * 1979-08-03 1981-09-15 Abraham Agassi Multiple-building construction system and method of erecting same

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EP2826925A3 (fr) 2015-06-17

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