EP2818941A1 - Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad - Google Patents

Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2818941A1
EP2818941A1 EP14178348.0A EP14178348A EP2818941A1 EP 2818941 A1 EP2818941 A1 EP 2818941A1 EP 14178348 A EP14178348 A EP 14178348A EP 2818941 A1 EP2818941 A1 EP 2818941A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking device
blocker
elastic
blades
toothed wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14178348.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabiano Colpo
Simon Henein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolex SA
Original Assignee
Rolex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=42734698&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP2818941(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Rolex SA filed Critical Rolex SA
Priority to EP14178348.0A priority Critical patent/EP2818941A1/de
Publication of EP2818941A1 publication Critical patent/EP2818941A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/12—Adjusting; Restricting the amplitude of the lever or the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49579—Watch or clock making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking device for a gear wheel which is intended in particular in the field of micromechanics. It is well suited to the field of watchmaking where it can, for example, be part of a direct or indirect impulse escapement, especially in a wristwatch.
  • European patent application no. EP 2,037,335 A2 relates to an anchor for watch exhaust.
  • an anchor having two fixing arms (numbered 7) and an elastic spring provided to be biased in traction (numbered 10).
  • the attachment arms are identical, they form an acute angle between them and each have at their free end an annular eyelet (numbered 8).
  • the spring is disposed between them, equidistant from one and the other, and is provided at its free end with a fixing plate (numbered 11) having an oblong hole (numbered 12).
  • Such an anchor is very difficult to fix accurately. Indeed, it is necessary to fix each of the two eyelets separately then the fixing plate, knowing that it must be screwed in an adjustable manner. There must also be sufficient space around the mounting plate to adjust its position. In addition, this anchor is very sensitive to dimensional variations in its constituent parts, which must then have very limited manufacturing tolerance intervals.
  • the main object of the invention is to minimize, or even eliminate, the games related to the displacement of a mobile controlling the rotation of a toothed wheel, so as to increase the performance of the mechanism of which this gear is part. This must be done in a simple and precise way.
  • This locking device is represented generally on the figure 1 where it is arranged next to a toothed wheel with which it is intended to cooperate.
  • the locking device 1 comprises a blocker 9 comprising two arms 10,11 forming between them an elbow and an angle (obtuse in the figure but which could be acute) on the side opposite the elbow, c that is to say on the side of the toothed wheel 40.
  • the locking device comprises a frame 7 designed to be fixed in a known manner on a support such as a platen or a watch movement bridge, for example by means of holes 8 provided for receiving screws of fixation.
  • the flexible blades 12,13 then join this frame 7.
  • the flexible blades 12,13 could possibly start from the same arm, provided that their virtual intersection, which defines the pivot point of the blocker, occurs at the appropriate location for the proper operation of the exhaust. However, placing one end of the flexible blades each on one arm maximizes the pivot angle of the device.
  • One of the arms, the arm 10, is provided at its free end, or near the latter, with an entry pallet 14 intended to lock a tooth of the toothed wheel 40.
  • the other arm 11 is provided, at its end which is not that connected to the arm 10, or close to this last, an output pallet 15 intended to come into contact with a tooth of the toothed wheel 40.
  • an elastic element 16 is connected to the blocker, preferably at the end of one of the arms, for example at the end of the arm 11.
  • This elastic element 16 consists of a block rigid rectangular 17 which is extended on its transverse side facing the arm 11 by a flexible blade 18 and, on its other transverse side, by a flexible blade 19.
  • This flexible blade 19 can be connected to a fixing block 20.
  • the flexible blade 19 is preferably connected to the frame 7.
  • the flexible blade 19 is connected to an L-shaped portion 21 which joins the frame 7.
  • the sizing of the frame 21, or the fine adjustment of the distance between the block 20 and the frame 7, makes it possible to give a bistable behavior to the mechanism, that is to say that the pivoting system with three joints allows the blocker 9 to evolve between two stable and well-defined equilibrium positions through an unstable equilibrium position.
  • the prestressing can be obtained by appropriate dimensioning of the parts of the locking device. It can be provided from the design of the locking device. So, on the figure 2 if the L-shaped portion 21 bears on the blade 19, it indirectly exerts prestressing on the arm 11.
  • the block 20 can be fixed near the rigid block 17, at a distance less than the length of the blade 19, so as to press the blade 19.
  • the figure 2 represents a blocking device 2 according to the invention, as applied to an exhaust type Robin.
  • the end of the arm 10 which is opposite the arm 11 extends, beyond the input pallet 14, by a fork-shaped portion 22 provided to cooperate with a rocker whose only plateau 23 is represented on the figure 2 .
  • the figure 3 represents the locking device according to the invention, as applied to a relaxation-type escapement. Therefore, a trigger 25, which is connected known manner to the blocker 9, cooperates with an unlocking pin 26 fixed to the plate 27 of a rocker shown in FIG. Similarly, a pulse pallet 28 is provided on a part integral with the balance to be driven by the escapement wheel 40. All this is well known to those skilled in the art who can find, in reference books dealing with escapements of the expansion type, or possibly in the patent application European Patent No. EP-A-1 708 046 , all the details concerning the blocker, the fixing and the precise shape of the trigger 25 as well as its cooperation with the balance.
  • the locking device according to the invention can be implemented more easily. Indeed, the pivoting by the flexible blades, and especially the bistable behavior of the system, requires a good control of the dimensions and positioning of the various elements.
  • the solution described in the application EP 2,037,335 is very problematic from this point of view, because the elastic elements are each secured separately to the watch movement. If the blocker 9, the elastic elements 12, 13, 16 and, where appropriate, other elements of the device according to the embodiment chosen, are made in one piece with the frame 7, it is the latter that is secured to the movement during assembly and the relative positioning of the various elements is not changed by the assembly of the locking device in the watch movement.
  • the operation of the three-joint system is improved by virtue of a prestressing system acting on the elastic element 16.
  • This elastic prestressing system allows better control of the prestressing force than with the geometrical prestressing method. This makes it possible to reduce the sensitivity of the bistable behavior to the dimensional errors of the constituent parts of the locking device according to the invention and thus makes it possible to increase the dimensional tolerances.
  • This prestressing system constantly exerts an elastic force on the elastic element 16 via the blades 31 and 32 ( figure 4 ) which are prestressed.
  • the prestressing system is adjustable, that is to say it is capable of varying the stress exerted on the elastic element 16.
  • FIG 4 is shown another way to realize an adjustable elastic prestressing system. It consists of connecting the blade 19 of the elastic member 16 to an additional block 30 which is itself connected to the frame 7 by means of flexible blades 31,32 which play a guiding role. By then moving, for example by means of a screw (not shown), the additional block 30, exerts and varies the prestressing exerted on the elastic element 16. This preload can also be increased by a suitable dimensioning of the portion 7a of the frame 7 to which are connected the flexible blades 31,32.
  • FIG. figure 5 is shown an advantageous variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the additional block 30 is not connected directly to the frame 7, but by means of an intermediate block 33 which is itself connected to the frame 7 by flexible blades 34, 35 which play a guiding role.
  • the force F (not shown) is applied to the block 33, in the direction of displacement ⁇ x shown in this figure and the preload is transmitted to the elastic element 16 via the blades 31 and 32.
  • the blocker 9 adopts a bistable behavior, that is to say that it can no longer oscillate freely around a position of equilibrium single center, but switches from one extreme stable position to another. Increased security is thus obtained: during the unlocking phase before the impulse, the pulling torque due to the bistable flexible pivot formed by the elastic blades 12, 13 is added to the pulling force of the escape wheel 40. This pulling torque determines the dynamic behavior of the flexible pivot. If we compare this system with a conventional expansion exhaust, we see that the return torque of the bistable flexible pivot replaces the return torque of the spring of the conventional expansion escapement.
  • the intermediate block 33 comprises a stud 36 and the frame 7 comprises a recess 37 adapted to receive this stud and to delimit its movements.
  • the stud 36 thus plays the role of limiting abutment, in order to secure the system and avoid accidental breaks during the application of prestressing. Indeed, the displacement of the stud 36 is limited by the walls of the recess 37. Its maximum displacement is intended to remain less than the displacement corresponding to the breaking stress.
  • the figure 6 represents the use of the locking device which has just been described in a relaxation-type escapement. Only the shape of the frame 7 is different here from that of the chassis of the figure 5 .
  • the locking device according to the invention also has several advantages over systems known from the state of the art, in particular the European patent application no. EP 2,037,7335 A2 which concerns an anchor for watch exhaust.
  • the figures 7 and 8 show that the first two elements forming the pivot are placed on the same side of the blocker and having between them an angle much less than 90 ° (30 ° in the case of the figure 7 ), with the third element placed on the bisector and within the angle formed by the first two elements (see paragraph 22, 1.43-48).
  • the two elastic elements work in buckling when the system is in a bistable mode.
  • the angle between the first two elements that form the pivot is much less than 90 °, which makes the system sensitive to imperfections.
  • the elastic energy is stored integrally in the two pivoting elements, by buckling of the blades.
  • the angle between the first two elements which form the pivot is generally 90 ° and can even be higher.
  • the force is in turn preferentially applied in a direction which is outside the sector formed by the two pivoting elements, so that only one blade is stressed in compression and thus by buckling, the other blade being stressed in tension.
  • the influence of dimensional variation on the critical load is therefore significantly reduced, so that manufacturing tolerances are much less critical for the operation of the system.
  • the distribution between compression (buckling) and tensile stresses can be further adjusted with the angle between the first two elastic members and with the orientation of the force F relative to the first two elastic members.
  • the elastic energy is stored largely in the third elastic element.
  • the locking device according to the invention therefore advantageously offers the possibility of providing that one of the first and second elastic elements works in traction and the other in compression, which is impossible with the anchor being the subject of the application. aforementioned patent.
  • the adjustment of the constraints by the third element is facilitated because it is not hindered by the first and second elastic elements, as is the case with the aforementioned anchor.
  • the blocking device according to the invention extends in a single plane and can be made in one piece, for example in silicon using the DRIE ("Deep Reaction Ion Etching") method or in Ni or NiP using the UV-LiGA process ("Lithography, Galvanoformung, Abformung”). These two methods make it possible to manufacture the locking device according to the invention while respecting the strict tolerances required.
  • DRIE Deep Reaction Ion Etching
  • Ni or NiP using the UV-LiGA process
  • the locking device according to the invention in two or three parts, that is to say by providing that one or / and the other of the pallets is / are mounted (s) on the blocker. Ruby palettes can then be used to allow fine adjustment of the penetrations.
  • the locking device for a gearwheel according to the invention applies to numerous mechanisms, in particular to direct-impulse escape mechanisms, such as escapements of the Robin or detent type of a timepiece, in particular in a wristwatch.
  • Direct impulse escapement means that the impulse of the sprocket is directly communicated to the pendulum.
  • an exhaust type Robin in which the pin 41 secured to the rocker interacts with a fork 44 extending the end of the arm 10 of the blocker 9, in order to release the latter and release the toothed wheel 40.
  • the latter is released at each alternation but transmits an impulse only to alternating out of two: it is therefore a blowout escapement.
  • the locking device according to the invention also applies to escapements with an indirect impulse, such as the Swiss lever escapement.
  • the frame 7 advantageously allows to directly integrate the limit stops 47,48 of the movement of the anchor 45, which are also called stars.
  • the frame 7 is in fact provided with an opening 51 allowing the rotation of the pin 41 carried by the plate integral with the balance and the displacement of the fork 46.
  • the increased precision of the pivoting provided by the invention has the advantage of making it possible to eliminate a security.
  • a Swiss lever escapement such as that shown on the figure 9 (Just as in the case of an exhaust type Robin)
  • the angular rigidity of the blocker 9 can be modified and adjusted until a bistable operating mode is achieved.
  • the potential energy of the system then has two wells of potential clearly defined around a maximum and allowing a very precise pivoting of the blocker from one position to another.
  • variable pretensioning system locking device 3 visible on the figure 3 after having fixed the locking device on the movement stage of the timepiece, the eccentric screw 29 is rotated until a bistable system is obtained.
  • a micrometer or eccentric screw 38 is fixed on the plate, so that it is in contact with the intermediate block 33, and is then rotated appropriately up to obtaining a bistable system.
  • wedge-shaped wedge 39 between the frame 7 and the intermediate block 33. The wedge 39 then acts as an adjustable stop whose the gearing factor allows a fine displacement adjustment.
  • the main advantage of such an exhaust is to increase the safety against shocks.
  • Another advantage lies in the fact that the stop element of the trigger rocker is not brought back into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel by a spring armed by the balance, but by the sliding surface against which a tooth of the escape wheel acts to move the lever to the locking position of the escape wheel. The energy consumed is lower and is not supplied by the balance wheel, but by the escape wheel, minimizing the disturbance of the oscillation period of the balance-balance oscillator.
  • this trigger rocker with a stop element and a sliding surface which penetrate alternately in the path of the toothing of the escape wheel is an additional security.
  • the stop element of the trigger rocker comprises a safety surface located outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel and adjacent to this path in the unlocking position of the trigger rocker.
  • the length of this safety surface corresponds to the angle traveled by the escape wheel to communicate the driving pulse to the balance, to prevent the premature return of the stop element in the trajectory of the teeth of the wheel. exhaust. It is therefore still a second additional security.
  • the exhaust illustrated by the figure 11 comprises an escape wheel 1 'whose circular trajectory of the teeth intersects the trajectory of a pulse pallet 2' integral with the balance 3 'associated with a spiral (not shown).
  • a trigger rocker 4 ' can move freely between two stops 5', 6 '. It comprises on the one hand a stop element whose abutment face 4a 'serves to stop a tooth of the escape wheel 1' and secondly a sliding surface 4b 'to allow a tooth of the wheel escape from sliding on this surface 4b 'and flip the rocker counterclockwise to bring the stop face into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 '.
  • This trigger rocker 4 'further comprises an elastic release member 4c' bearing against a stop 4d and whose free end enters the path of a release finger 7 'integral with the rocker 3'.
  • the stop element of the trigger rocker 4 ' still has a safety surface 4' which is situated outside the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 'and adjacent to this trajectory when the trigger rocker 4 'press against the stop 5' ( Figures 13 to 16 ). This surface extends over an angle of the escape wheel 1 'corresponding to the angle during which a tooth of the escape wheel communicates its pulse to the pulse pallet 2' of the balance 3 '.
  • the phase illustrated by the figure 12 corresponds to the moment when the release finger 7 'integral with the rocker arm 3' meets the elastic disengagement member 4c 'bearing against the stop 4d'. Due to the abutment 4d 'and the direction of rotation opposite that of the clockwise balance 3', the elastic release element 4c 'behaves as a rigid element.
  • the trigger rocker 4 'then passes under the action of the release finger 7' of the support against the stop 6 'to the support against the stop 5 '( figure 13 ), thus releasing the escape wheel 1 'whose tooth was stopped by the abutment face 4a' of the stop element of the trigger rocker 4 '.
  • the escape wheel being subjected to the torque of the mainspring (not shown) transmitted by the finishing train (not shown), is then driven in the direction of clockwise.
  • One of his teeth then encounters the pulse pallet 2 'of the balance 3' ( figure 14 ). This is the beginning of the impulse phase during which the energy of the mainspring is transmitted to the balance 3 'to transmit the energy necessary to maintain its oscillating movement.
  • This impulse phase ends when the tooth of the escape wheel leaves the impulse pallet, i.e., substantially in the position illustrated by the figure 15 .
  • the safety surface 4e 'of the stop element of the trigger rocker 4' prevents the stop member from entering the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1 ', following an impact for example.
  • the escape wheel 1 ' After the impulse phase, the escape wheel 1 'continues its rotation and one of its teeth meets the sliding surface 4b' ( figure 16 ). By sliding against this surface 4b ', the tooth of the escape wheel rotates the rocker 4' in the opposite direction of that of the clockwise and returns it against the stop 6 '( figure 17 ). This tilting also brings the stop element of the rocker 4 'into the path of the teeth of the escape wheel 1', so that a tooth of the escape wheel abuts against the abutment face 4a ' of the stop element and exerts on the rocker 4 'a couple which holds it against the stop 6' ( figure 18 ).
  • the pendulum 3 continuously continues its rotation until it is stopped by the hairspring and is driven in a counter-clockwise rotation ( figure 21 ), thus starting a new oscillation cycle.
  • the detent escapement shown on the Figures 11 to 21 can be improved by adding a frame, elastic blades, etc., to achieve the exhaust shown on the figure 3 .
  • the improved exhaust has its own behavior whose primary purpose is to increase the safety of operation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
EP14178348.0A 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad Withdrawn EP2818941A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14178348.0A EP2818941A1 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10405072 2010-04-01
EP11714913.8A EP2553533B2 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad
EP14178348.0A EP2818941A1 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11714913.8A Division EP2553533B2 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad
EP11714913.8A Division-Into EP2553533B2 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2818941A1 true EP2818941A1 (de) 2014-12-31

Family

ID=42734698

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14178348.0A Withdrawn EP2818941A1 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad
EP11714913.8A Active EP2553533B2 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11714913.8A Active EP2553533B2 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-03-31 Blockiervorrichtung für Zahnrad

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8882339B2 (de)
EP (2) EP2818941A1 (de)
JP (1) JP5914456B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102971678B (de)
CH (1) CH702928B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011120180A1 (de)

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JP5914456B2 (ja) 2016-05-11
CH702928A2 (fr) 2011-10-14
CN102971678B (zh) 2015-07-22
WO2011120180A1 (fr) 2011-10-06
US8882339B2 (en) 2014-11-11
JP2013524173A (ja) 2013-06-17
EP2553533B2 (de) 2019-06-19
CH702928B1 (fr) 2015-07-15
EP2553533B1 (de) 2014-07-30
EP2553533A1 (de) 2013-02-06
US20130070570A1 (en) 2013-03-21

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