EP2818606A1 - Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton - Google Patents

Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2818606A1
EP2818606A1 EP13174040.9A EP13174040A EP2818606A1 EP 2818606 A1 EP2818606 A1 EP 2818606A1 EP 13174040 A EP13174040 A EP 13174040A EP 2818606 A1 EP2818606 A1 EP 2818606A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slab
tube
reinforcement
floor slab
concrete
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13174040.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald Klein-Holte
Jan Gerrit Kreunen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VBI Ontwikkeling BV
Original Assignee
VBI Ontwikkeling BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VBI Ontwikkeling BV filed Critical VBI Ontwikkeling BV
Priority to EP13174040.9A priority Critical patent/EP2818606A1/fr
Publication of EP2818606A1 publication Critical patent/EP2818606A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/48—Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0025—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with installation or service material, e.g. tubes for electricity or water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E04B5/043—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement having elongated hollow cores

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a concrete floor slab including an upper slab side and a lower slab side, comprising a reinforcement which is embedded in the concrete and includes an upper reinforcement side and a lower reinforcement side, and a tube for heating or cooling fluid which includes an upper tube side and a lower tube side.
  • Such a concrete floor slab is known in the art, in particular a thermally activated concrete hollow core floor slab.
  • the major portion of the reinforcement is formed by parallel reinforcement bars located in a lower layer of the slab, and the tube for heating or cooling fluid is mounted as a tube circuit on the reinforcement bars.
  • the tube can be connected to a heating or a cooling system, all or not together with other similar slabs. This provides the opportunity to heat or cool the slab such that the space adjacent to the lower slab side can be heated or cooled, for example if one side of the slab forms a ceiling surface.
  • a disadvantage of the current known slab is its slow transfer of heat from the tube to an outer surface of the slab.
  • the concrete floor slab according to the invention wherein the upper tube side of at least the major portion of the tube lies below the upper reinforcement side.
  • the lower tube side is relatively close to the lower slab side.
  • the major portion of the tube means more than 60%, preferably more than 80%.
  • the slab comprises an auxiliary reinforcement at a distance above the reinforcement, in fact the reinforcement forms a lower reinforcement, which means that according to the invention the lower tube side of at least the major portion of the tube lies below the upper side of the lower reinforcement.
  • a concrete floor slab requires a minimum distance between the lower slab side and the lower reinforcement side.
  • the concrete layer between the lower slab side and the reinforcement prevents the reinforcement against corrosion.
  • a distance is not necessary for a tube for heating or cooling fluid. Therefore, the concrete layer adjacent to the lower slab side can be used for receiving the tube.
  • a relatively quick heat transfer to the lower slab side can be created, and on the other hand, a layer for receiving the tube above the reinforcement can be omitted such that the total thickness of the slab can be minimized, or in case of hollow core slabs larger cores at a similar thickness of the slab can be applied.
  • upper and lower refer to the orientation of the concrete floor slab as it will be used in a building.
  • the upper slab side forms a floor and the lower slab side forms a ceiling.
  • the upper reinforcement side is closer to the upper slab side than the lower reinforcement side
  • the upper tube side is closer to the upper slab side than the lower tube side.
  • the upper tube side of at least the major portion of the tube may lie below the lower reinforcement side. In other words, in all cases the lower tube side lies closer to the lower slab side than the lower reinforcement side.
  • the lower reinforcement side may be formed by lower sides of reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons extending in longitudinal direction of the slab, whereas the upper reinforcement side may be formed by upper sides of reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons extending in longitudinal direction of the slab.
  • Such reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons provide a major portion of the stiffness of the slab.
  • the concrete floor slab is a hollow core floor slab having an upper layer, a lower layer and vertical webs which connect the upper and lower layers, hence forming open channels, wherein the major portion of the reinforcement is disposed in the lower layer of the slab.
  • the reinforcement may comprise a plurality of reinforcement bars extending substantially parallel to each other.
  • the reinforcement bars may extend parallel to the channels.
  • the reinforcement bars may extend equidistantly with respect to each other.
  • the tube may have a meandering shape in a substantially flat plane parallel to the lower slab side.
  • the tube may form a circuit of parallel tube portions in the slab as seen in a direction perpendicular to the upper slab side, whereas adjacent tube portions are connected to each other via 180° bend portions near opposite sides of the floor slab.
  • the tube is located below a web and extends in longitudinal direction, which provides the opportunity to create a recess at one or more hollow cores whereas the slab maintains its constructive characteristics.
  • the tube may be directly attached to a carrier, whereas the carrier is at least partly disposed below the reinforcement and the tube is at least partly disposed between the carrier and the lower slab slide.
  • the tube and carrier are fixed to each other via the concrete, but in this embodiment the tube is also directly fixed to a carrier, which is advantageous during transport and manufacturing of the floor slab.
  • the intended location of the tube can be maintained during manufacturing, particularly in case of a flexible tube. In case of a tube in combination with a recess in the slab the intended location of the tube and the recess can be predetermined accurately and maintained during manufacturing.
  • the carrier is grid-shaped since the concrete can form a continuous layer through the openings in the grid.
  • the distance between the tube and the lower slab side should be small in order to create a fast heat transfer in the portion of the slab between the tube and the lower slab side.
  • the distance may be smaller than 10 mm, and preferably smaller than 5 mm.
  • the reinforcement may be made of metal, for example stainless steel.
  • the carrier may also be made of metal.
  • the invention is also related to a method of manufacturing a concrete slab by means of a substantially horizontal slipform casting process in which a casting mould is moved in a manufacturing direction, wherein before the step of pouring concrete in the casting mould a tube circuit is placed at the casting mould and then a reinforcement is placed on top of at least a part of the tube circuit.
  • This method provides the opportunity to obtain a slab in which the tube circuit is close to the bottom of the resulting slab, such as described in relation to the floor slab hereinbefore.
  • the tube circuit may be placed at the casting mould before the reinforcement is placed on top of at least a part of the tube circuit or the tube circuit and the reinforcement may be prepared, for example attached to each other, before placing them together at the casting mould.
  • the method is also applicable in the field of manufacturing concrete hollow core floor slabs where the horizontal slipform casting process is well known. It is advantageous that the tube is incorporated in the slab in a same manufacturing process as in case of manufacturing a slab without a tube.
  • the tube circuit may be fixed to a carrier before placing the reinforcement. This ensures a stable location of the tube circuit during the manufacturing process, in particular when the tube is flexible.
  • the carrier may have similar characteristics as described hereinbefore, such as a grid shape.
  • the carrier including the tube are placed such that the tube circuit is located below the carrier in the casting mould, since this creates the opportunity to obtain a slab in which the tube circuit is very close to the bottom of the resulting slab.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a concrete floor slab 1 according to the invention.
  • the embodiment is a so-called hollow core floor slab 1 which has an upper slab side 2 and a lower slab side 3.
  • the floor slabs 1 have rectangular or partly or entirely trapezoid, flat upper and lower slab sides 2, 3 which are substantially parallel to each other.
  • the slab 1 comprises an upper layer 4 and a lower layer 5 whereas vertical webs 6 connect the upper layer 4 and the lower layer 5.
  • the vertical webs 6 form walls between open channels or cores 7 which extend in longitudinal direction of the slab 1.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 1 has seven open channels 7, but a lower or higher number of channels 7 is conceivable.
  • Concrete slabs 1 including longitudinal hollow channels 7 are usually manufactured in great length, for example 150 m, and cut afterwards in shorter elements of for example 5 m, but shorter or longer slabs 1 are conceivable.
  • the slab 1 can be used as part of a floor of a building.
  • the lower slab side 3 may function as a ceiling of a room and the upper slab side 2 may function as a floor of a space above the room.
  • the slab 1 is provided with a reinforcement in the form of a number of reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons 8 extending substantially parallel to the channels 7, in this case eight reinforcement bars 8, but a lower or higher number of reinforcement bars 8 is conceivable.
  • the reinforcement bars 8 are embedded in the concrete in the lower layer 5 of the slab 1.
  • the reinforcement bar 8 itselve may be a bundle of reinforcement wires, for example.
  • the reinforcement bars 8 are made of steel, but alternative materials are conceivable.
  • the reinforcement bars 8 have an upper reinforcement side 8a and a lower reinforcement side 8b.
  • the slab 1 is also provided with a tube 9 for conducting heating or cooling fluid after the slab has been installed in a building.
  • the tube 9 has a meandering shape in a flat plane extending parallel to the lower slab side 3 and forms parallel tube portions in the slab 1, in this case parallel to the channels 7 and below the webs 6.
  • the cross-sectional view of Fig. 1 shows a plurality of cross sections of the tube 9, in this case eight times, in general being the number of channels 7 plus one, but a lower number of cross sections of the tube 9 is conceivable.
  • the orientation of the tube 9 may be changed, for example such that longitudinal portions of the tube 9 extend transversely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the slab 1.
  • the tube 9 has an upper tube side 9a and a lower tube side 9b.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show that in the embodiment of the slab 1 the upper tube side 9a lies below the lower reinforcement side 8b of the reinforcement bars 8.
  • the outer circumferential diameter of the tube 9 will be larger than the outer circumferential diameters of the reinforcement bars 8.
  • the tube 9 is attached to a carrier 10 as illustrated in Fig. 4 .
  • the carrier 10 comprises a metal grid which has eight pairs of parallel bars or wires 11 that extend in longitudinal direction of the slab 1 and a plurality of parallel transverse bars or wires 12 which extend in transverse direction of the slab 1.
  • the parallel bars or wires 11 can be pairs of two, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 , but may be single bars in an alternative embodiment.
  • Figs. 2 and 4 illustrate that portions of the tube 9 partly fall between respective pairs of parallel wires 11. This prevents the tube 9 from displacement in transverse and also in longitudinal direction of the carrier 10 during manufacturing.
  • the carrier 10 may be connected with the reinforcement bars 8 in the lower layer 5 of the slab 1, which prevents the carrier 10 from displacement during manufacturing.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show that the carrier 10 including the tube 9 is disposed below the reinforcement bars 8, whereas the tube 9 is disposed between the carrier 10 and the lower slab slide 3.
  • the distance between the lower tube side 9b and the lower slab side 3 is preferably as small as possible, for example smaller than 10 mm or even smaller than 5 mm, but there may be at least a film layer of concrete covering the tube 9.
  • the film layer may be such that the tube 9 is still visible, which is advantageous in the construction phase since it avoids that someone drills into the tube 9.
  • the parallel wires 11 might be seen as part of the reinforcement bars 8 because of their - limited - contribution to the reinforcement of the slab 1.
  • the parallel wires 11 and the reinforcement bars 8 together would form a common reinforcement of which the upper reinforcement sides 8a of the bars would form the upper reinforcement side and the lower sides of the parallel wires 11 would form the lower reinforcement side.
  • the upper tube side 9a would lie below the upper reinforcement side 8a, and the lower tube side 9b would still lie below the lower reinforcement side. In other words, the lower tube side 9b lies always closer to the lower slab side 3 than the reinforcement.
  • Fig. 4 shows that end portions of the tube 9 at opposite lateral side edges of the grid 10 leave the cooperating pairs of parallel wires 11 and lie closer to the opposite side edges. This means that the end portions of the tube 9 in the resulting slab 1 are also located close to the side edges thereof.
  • Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of an end portion of the resulting slab 1, in which an end portion of the tube 9 is bent downwardly such that it extends below the lower slab side 3. This provides the opportunity to connect the tube 9 to a tube of another floor slab 1 after installing the slabs 1 in a building. This is illustrated in Fig.
  • FIG. 6 which shows parts of two adjacent floor slabs 1 of which the corresponding tubes 9 are connected to each other, whereas other end portions of the respective tubes 9 are connected to a heating or cooling source.
  • the arrows in Fig. 6 show that after installing the slabs 1 in this way a heating or cooling fluid can be conducted through both slabs 1.
  • the slab 1 of Figs. 4 and 5 is provided with cavities at the lower slab side 3 in order to be able to handle the end portions of the tube 9 more easily.
  • Figs. 7 and 8 shows a situation in which two adjacent floor slabs 1 including their respective tubes 9 are installed in a building in a similar way as illustrated in Fig. 6 , but now connected at upper portions of the slabs 1. It may be clear that it is advantageous that during manufacturing of the concrete slab 1 fresh concrete is removed from the slab 1 at the end portions of the tube 9 before curing, such that cavities 13 are present where a connection between tubes and end portions of other tubes 9 can be made. In the embodiments of Figs. 7 and 8 the cavities are located at the upper slab side 2.
  • Fig. 9 shows a front view of an embodiment of an apparatus 14 for manufacturing a concrete hollow core floor slab 1 by means of a slipform casting process according to the invention.
  • the apparatus 14 comprises a frame 15 which can be moved by means of wheels 16 in a manufacturing direction over a work floor 17.
  • the wheels 16 are located on lateral sides of the frame 15.
  • On the work floor 17 two opposite mould parts 18 are located at a predefined distance from each other between which concrete 19 can be poured.
  • the contours of the mould parts 18 define the shapes of sidewalls of the resulting slab 1.
  • Both upright mould parts 18 and the bottom or work floor 17 form part of a movable casting mould 20.
  • the apparatus 14 comprises channel recess elements 21 for obtaining the hollow channels 7 in the slab 1 to be made.
  • the channel recess elements 21 are elongated bodies that are fixed to the frame 15.
  • the length of a channel recess element 21 may be 1 m, for example, but a longer or shorter channel recess element 21 is conceivable.
  • the frame 15 including the channel recess elements 21 move continuously forwardly and concrete 19 is supplied into the mould 20 simultaneously by means of a concrete-pouring system which is also fixed to the frame 15.
  • the slab 1 obtains a cross-section comparable to that as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the apparatus 14 may be provided with compacting members (not shown) for compacting the concrete.
  • the compacting members may comprise vibrating elements so as to fluidize the concrete.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates the intended slabs 1 by reference signs 1'.
  • the common carrier may be longer, or separate carriers 10 for each intended slab 1' may be applied.
  • the tubes 9 are attached on top of the carrier 10 by means of thin stainless steel wires or the like. Then the carrier 10 including the tubes 9 is turned upside down such that the tubes 9 contact the work floor 17 and the carrier 10 rests on the tubes 9. This condition is illustrated in Fig. 9 .
  • the reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons 8 are laid on the carrier 10, possibly pre-stressed and connected to the carrier 10, after which the apparatus 14 including the channel recess elements 21 and the concrete-pouring system may pass.
  • the carrier 10 including the tubes 9 may tend to move upwardly, but this can be avoided by maintaining the reinforcement bars 8 at a certain height above the working floor by means of the passing apparatus 14. As a consequence, a very thin layer of concrete can be forced between the work floor 17 and the lower tube side 9b.
  • the carrier 10 including the tube 9 functions as a distance keeper for the reinforcement bars or prestressing tendons 8.
  • the invention provides a concrete floor slab which has a fast response to heating or cooling. Furthermore, the invention provides an efficient method of manufacturing such a concrete slab.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
EP13174040.9A 2013-06-27 2013-06-27 Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton Withdrawn EP2818606A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13174040.9A EP2818606A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2013-06-27 Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13174040.9A EP2818606A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2013-06-27 Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton

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EP2818606A1 true EP2818606A1 (fr) 2014-12-31

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EP13174040.9A Withdrawn EP2818606A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2013-06-27 Dalle de plancher en béton et procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017179982A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Dyka B.V. Élément de construction comportant des tuyaux et des raccords d'inserts
CN109024284A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 一种空心板简支梁浇筑混凝土降温装置
US20200254647A1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-13 Elematic Oyj Method for manufacturing prefabricated concrete products
EP3964337A1 (fr) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-09 CRH Structural Concrete Belgium Procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton
CN115012571A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-06 方圆建设集团有限公司 一种装配式钢板混凝土空心楼板及其制造方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT2323U1 (de) * 1997-06-10 1998-08-25 Christian Dipl I Koppensteiner Bauelement
DE20315885U1 (de) * 2003-05-20 2004-01-08 Wyrich, Uwe Klima-Filigrandeckenplatte
DE202004015984U1 (de) * 2004-10-14 2005-02-17 Wyrich, Uwe Gittermatte und Fertigelementdecke mit einer Gittermatte
NL1030969C2 (nl) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-24 Betonson B V Kanaalplaat met betonkernactivering.
DE102007055134A1 (de) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Ketonia Gmbh Baufertigelement mit Kühl-/Heizfunktion sowie Decken-Kühl-/Heizsystem

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT2323U1 (de) * 1997-06-10 1998-08-25 Christian Dipl I Koppensteiner Bauelement
DE20315885U1 (de) * 2003-05-20 2004-01-08 Wyrich, Uwe Klima-Filigrandeckenplatte
DE202004015984U1 (de) * 2004-10-14 2005-02-17 Wyrich, Uwe Gittermatte und Fertigelementdecke mit einer Gittermatte
NL1030969C2 (nl) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-24 Betonson B V Kanaalplaat met betonkernactivering.
DE102007055134A1 (de) * 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Ketonia Gmbh Baufertigelement mit Kühl-/Heizfunktion sowie Decken-Kühl-/Heizsystem

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017179982A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Dyka B.V. Élément de construction comportant des tuyaux et des raccords d'inserts
NL2016600B1 (nl) * 2016-04-13 2017-11-07 Dyka B V Bouwelementen met buizen en een inzetkoppeling.
EP3832043A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2021-06-09 Dyka B.V. Éléments de construction comprenant des tuyaux et un raccord à insert
CN109024284A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 一种空心板简支梁浇筑混凝土降温装置
US20200254647A1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-13 Elematic Oyj Method for manufacturing prefabricated concrete products
EP3964337A1 (fr) * 2020-09-07 2022-03-09 CRH Structural Concrete Belgium Procédé de fabrication d'une dalle de béton
CN115012571A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-06 方圆建设集团有限公司 一种装配式钢板混凝土空心楼板及其制造方法
CN115012571B (zh) * 2022-06-22 2023-07-28 方圆建设集团有限公司 一种装配式钢板混凝土空心楼板及其制造方法

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