EP2808136A1 - Procédé et dispositif de découpe de produits - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de découpe de produits Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2808136A1
EP2808136A1 EP20140165790 EP14165790A EP2808136A1 EP 2808136 A1 EP2808136 A1 EP 2808136A1 EP 20140165790 EP20140165790 EP 20140165790 EP 14165790 A EP14165790 A EP 14165790A EP 2808136 A1 EP2808136 A1 EP 2808136A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
products
relative
feed direction
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20140165790
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2808136B1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Schaub
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach
Original Assignee
Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach
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Publication date
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Application filed by Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach filed Critical Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach
Publication of EP2808136A1 publication Critical patent/EP2808136A1/fr
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/06Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
    • B26D7/0625Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by endless conveyors, e.g. belts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/20Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
    • B26D5/30Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
    • B26D5/32Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier with the record carrier formed by the work itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/20Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed
    • B26D5/30Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier
    • B26D5/34Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier scanning being effected by a photosensitive device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/01Means for holding or positioning work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/01Means for holding or positioning work
    • B26D2007/011Means for holding or positioning work by clamping claws, e.g. in high speed slicers for food products
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D2210/00Machines or methods used for cutting special materials
    • B26D2210/02Machines or methods used for cutting special materials for cutting food products, e.g. food slicers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/04Processes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00Cutting
    • Y10T83/647With means to convey work relative to tool station
    • Y10T83/6539With means for transverse positioning of work on a moving conveyor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for slicing products, in particular food products.
  • Various food cutting devices are known. For example, so-called high-performance slicers are used to cut up food products, such as meat, sausage or cheese, with a high cutting speed.
  • such devices may have a product support, which is designed to supply a plurality of product loaves or product bars, referred to below as products, side by side along a product support a cutting plane in which moves at least one cutting blade.
  • the cutting blade can be, for example, a planetary circular blade or a rotating sickle blade. In this way it is possible to use a single cutting device with a correspondingly large knife for simultaneous cutting of several products.
  • the co-feeding of the products can also take place in the invention by assigning each product its own product conveyor, which is for example designed as a product gripper and engages the rear end of the product in order to push the product forward.
  • the product conveyor may also include one or more so-called traction belts, such as an endless conveyor belt on which the product rests.
  • traction belts such as an endless conveyor belt on which the product rests.
  • a difference in length of the products can be compensated for by suitable adjustment of the product conveyors relative to each other.
  • a product search can be performed to determine the positions of the products, eg, the rear ends of the products, and to engage the product conveyors with the products or product ends.
  • the product beginnings may also be aligned relative to the cutting plane.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned, with which in a multi-lane operation in which several products are supplied side by side of the cutting plane, in the simplest and most reliable way accurate alignment of the product beginnings relative to Cutting plane is guaranteed.
  • a plurality of products are fed side by side along a product support to a cutting plane, in which a cutting blade moves in particular in a rotating and / or revolving manner.
  • the products in particular the rear ends of the products, are brought into engagement with respective product conveyors, eg product grippers for the rear product ends, which - in particular mounted on a common feed unit - are movable independently of one another relative to the feed unit in and against the product feed direction.
  • each product track, along which a product is guided is assigned a respective light barrier, which is arranged at a defined distance from the cutting plane and includes a lateral sensor whose monitoring area is located extends transversely to the product feed.
  • the stepwise staggered products in particular jointly, for example, via a common feed unit, closed at a defined speed on the photocells. The photocells then record the positions of the product beginnings with respect to the cutting plane.
  • the deviations of the detected positions of the product beginnings relative to each other are determined.
  • the product conveyors are then moved relative to each other so that the determined relative positional deviations of the product beginnings are canceled or compensated.
  • the amount by which the further products are each reset corresponds to an assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to one another.
  • the lateral arrangement of the light barriers or sensors takes into account the fact that there is normally no space for such sensors above and below the product support. By first stepping the products in the manner indicated and assigning the light barriers to the different product tracks in the above-mentioned manner, this is avoided a product to be detected is covered by other products.
  • the light beam of a lateral sensor may therefore also extend over one or more traces of product to the associated product track, since the said step-like offset of the products and the said assignment of the light barriers ensures that the light path of the light barrier is accompanied by a common supply of the offset products to the light barriers is first interrupted by the product associated with the associated product track.
  • the lateral sensors can be offset relative to one another in the product feed direction and / or also in the height direction of the products, that is to say vertically with respect to the product support. Even when the light barriers are displaced in the product feed direction, only the position of a respective light barrier relative to the cutting plane needs to be known. In particular, the distances of the light barriers do not have to correspond to an initial misalignment of the product beginnings.
  • the lateral sensor of a respective light barrier preferably comprises a light transmitter and a light receiver, the light beam generated by the light transmitter being directed, starting from the respective side of the product support, generally onto a reflector transversely to the product feed direction.
  • the light barriers are therefore each preferably reflective light barriers.
  • a reflector for example, serve a simple metal surface, such as a stainless steel sheet.
  • any device which is capable of at least partially reflecting the radiation of the light barrier used in each case is suitable as the reflector in the sense of the invention.
  • the reflector can - viewed from the light emitter - be arranged directly behind the respective product track. In principle, the reflectors can all be the same distance from their respective ones Have light emitter, so that all photocells extend across all product traces away.
  • the additional products arranged next to the opposite outermost product are set back by one amount, in particular an assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to each other, contrary to the product feed direction each preceding product, wherein the sensors of the different product tracks associated light barriers are arranged on the side of the product receiving the most recessed product adjacent.
  • Such a variant is particularly useful with a relatively smaller number of adjacent products, for example, up to four products. With a correspondingly limited number of products, the travel path of the product conveyors need not be too large to cause the gradual displacement of the products.
  • the products are in each case extended to one side, in each case toward the opposite outermost product assuming an initial initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to each other, the amount counter to the product feed direction is further displaced back than the respective preceding product.
  • the sensors of the photoelectric sensors associated with the product tracks of the products gradually stepped back towards the one side may be placed on this one side of the product support, while the sensors of the photoelectric sensors corresponding to the product traces are to the other side towards stepwise recessed products are assigned, can be arranged on this other side of the product support.
  • the maximum travel of the product conveyor to bring about the step-like offset of the products need not be too large.
  • 2 ⁇ 4 products can be loaded next to each other on the product support, with four products towards one side of the product support and four products towards the other side of the product support each step back against the product feed direction, before they collect to capture the product beginnings by the photoelectric sensors These photocells are supplied.
  • the relatively staggered products are fed to the photocells via the common feed unit at a constant speed.
  • the relative deviations of the product starts detected across the light barriers can be more easily determined.
  • the product conveyors engaged with the products are preferably moved differently in and / or opposite to the product feed direction before the stepwise displacement of the products, in particular relative to a common feeder unit.
  • the product conveyors may thus remain in a random, unpredictable relative position resulting after an initial product search, so need not be specifically aligned to detect the product beginnings or their deviations.
  • the device according to the invention for slicing products, in particular food products accordingly comprises a product support along which a plurality of products can be fed side by side to a cutting plane in which a cutting blade moves, in particular rotating and / or revolving.
  • the products eg the rear ends of the products, are engageable with respective product conveyors, eg product grippers for the rear product ends, which - in particular mounted on a common feed unit - independently, in particular relative to a common feed unit, in and against the product feed direction are movable.
  • the device further comprises a control device, which is designed to offset the products via the product conveyor in the product feed direction relative to each other by starting from a first product on at least one side next to arranged further products to the respective outermost product in each case by one, in particular Assuming an initial initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to each other, the amount counter to the product feed direction will be set further back than the respective preceding product.
  • each product track, along each of which a product is guided is assigned in each case a light barrier arranged at a defined distance from the cutting plane and comprising a lateral sensor whose monitoring area extends transversely to the product feed direction.
  • the control device is furthermore designed to allow the products, which are staggered in relation to each other, in particular via a common feed device, With a defined speed - in particular at the same time - to go to the photocells, to detect the positions of the product beginnings with respect to the cutting plane via the photocells, to determine the deviations of the detected positions of the product beginnings relative to each other and to align the product beginnings with the cutting plane, the product conveyors relative to each other to proceed so that the determined relative positional deviations of the product beginnings are canceled.
  • the amount by which the further products are each reset corresponds to an assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to one another.
  • the lateral sensor of a respective light barrier preferably comprises a light transmitter and a light receiver, wherein the light beam generated by the light transmitter is directed, starting from the relevant side of the product support, generally transversely to the product feed direction to a reflector, in particular directly behind the respective product track.
  • the light barriers are thus each designed as reflex light barriers.
  • a preferred variant of the device according to the invention which is suitable in particular for a relatively smaller number of products, is characterized in that the control device is designed, starting from one of the two outermost products, to arrange the further products arranged next to the opposite outermost product by one, in particular assuming an initial initial maximum misalignment of the product starts relative to one another, the amount backward of the product feed direction than that of the preceding product, the sensors of the photocells associated with the different product tracks being located on the side of the product support adjacent the most recessed product.
  • the control device is designed to move the products, starting from a central region of the product support viewed transversely to the product feed direction, on either side to the opposite outermost product in each case by one, in particular the presumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings relative to each other amount, to return further than the respective preceding product, contrary to the Artszu classroomides, preferably the sensors of the light barriers, which are associated with the product traces of products gradually stepped back to the one side, on this one side of the Product support are arranged, while the sensors of the photoelectric sensors, which are assigned to the product traces of the products to the other side stepped back products, on the other n side of the product edition are arranged.
  • this advantageously comprises a carrier which extends transversely to the product feed direction and can be moved in and counter to the product feed direction, on which the product conveyors are mounted so as to be movable independently of one another.
  • this carrier is guided by means of lateral, each extending in the product feed direction guides.
  • the carrier can be moved, for example via a spindle drive.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a device 10 for cutting products 12, which may be food products in particular.
  • the device 10 comprises a product support 14, which can be loaded with a plurality of products 12 and along which the products 12 can be fed next to one another to a cutting plane 16, in which a cutting blade moves in particular in a rotating and / or revolving manner.
  • the conclusion of the product support 14 forms a cutting edge 18.
  • the rear ends 20 of the products 12 are engageable with respective product conveyors 22, which are here formed as product grippers, the product conveyors 22 being mounted on a common feed unit 24 and independently movable relative to the feed unit 24 in and against the product feed direction Z.
  • product conveyors 22 are mounted on a common feed unit 24 and independently movable relative to the feed unit 24 in and against the product feed direction Z.
  • Such a common feeder unit is not mandatory and the product conveyors can be moved completely independently of one another in an alternative embodiment.
  • traction belts may be provided which engage the undersides and / or the tops of the products.
  • the feed unit 24 may in particular comprise a carrier 26 extending transversely to the product feed direction Z and movable in and counter to the product feed direction Z, on which the product conveyors 22 are mounted so as to be movable independently of one another.
  • the carrier 26 may be guided by means of lateral, each extending in the product feed Z guides 28.
  • the carrier 26 can be moved via a spindle drive 30, which comprises a spindle nut 32, via which the carrier 26 is taken along accordingly.
  • the carrier 26 is also guided by the spindle of the spindle drive 30 in the direction of the product feed direction.
  • a control device 34 is provided, in particular with the spindle drive 30 and individual drives for the product conveyor 22 may be connected, via which these product conveyors 22 are independently movable relative to the carrier 26 in and against the product feed Z.
  • control device 34 is adapted to move the products 12 via the product conveyor 22 initially in the product feed Z relative to each other stepwise, starting from a first product 12 1 arranged on at least one side next to other products 12 2 to 12 n to the respective outermost product 12n, respectively, by one amount of x, which corresponds to an assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative to one another relative to the product feed direction Z, is set back further than the respective preceding product.
  • each product track, along which a product 12 is guided, is assigned a respective light barrier 38, 40, which is arranged at a defined distance from the cutting plane 16 and has a lateral sensor 38, whose monitoring region 42 starts from the product which has been withdrawn farthest 12 n adjacent side of the product support 14 extends transversely to the product feed Z to the rear end of the respective product track.
  • the control device 34 is furthermore designed to approach the light barriers 38, 40 via the common feed unit 24 at a defined speed and to detect the positions of the product beginnings 36 with respect to the cutting plane 16 via the light barriers 38, 40. to determine the deviations of the detected positions of the product beginnings 36 relative to each other and to move the product beginnings 36 with the cutting plane 16 the product conveyors 22 relative to each other so that the determined relative positional deviations of the product beginnings 36 are canceled.
  • each light barrier 38, 40 include in particular both a light transmitter and a light receiver and the light beam generated by the light emitter 44 starting from the relevant side of the product support 14 generally transverse to the product feed Z to one immediately behind the respective Product track arranged reflector 40 may be directed.
  • the light barriers 38, 40 are thus each designed as a reflex light barrier.
  • Fig. 2 shows an exemplary, in particular for a relatively smaller number of products 12 suitable variant of the device 10 according to the invention and the inventive method.
  • control device 34 is configured, starting from a 12 1 of the two outermost products, the adjacently disposed further products 12 2 to 12 n to the opposite outermost product 12 n each one of the assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative relative to the Marinzu slaughter puzzle Z further reset than the respective preceding product, the sensors 38 of the different product tracks associated light barriers 38, 40 are arranged on the farthest recessed product 12 n adjacent side of the product support 14.
  • the presumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative to each other by the amount by which the products 12 are set back further than the respective preceding product can be 30 mm counter to the product feed direction Z, so that the maximum offset between the two outermost ones Products assigned to product conveyors 22 is 90 mm.
  • the consideration of an assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative to each other can therefore be advantageous in particular if only a limited maximum offset of the two outermost product conveyors is possible, for example when using a common feed unit for the product conveyors.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further exemplary, in particular for a relatively larger number of products 12 suitable variant of the device 10 according to the invention and the method according to the invention.
  • control device 34 is designed, in particular, for starting the products starting from a middle region or a product 12 1 or 12 ' 1 arranged transversely to the product feed direction Z on both sides, respectively, up to the opposite outermost product 12 n or 12 ' n, respectively, to further set one of the assumed initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative to the product feed direction Z, relative to the product feed direction Z, than the respective preceding product, the sensors 38 of the light barriers 38, 40 indicating the product traces of the one towards the one side stepped products 12 are assigned, are arranged on this one side of the product support 14, while the sensors 38 of the photoelectric sensors 38, 40, which are associated with the product traces of the products to the other side stepped back 12 products 12, on this other side of the product support 14th disposed are.
  • a total of eight products 12 may be provided side by side, with four products 12 1 to 12 n to the one side to the opposite outermost product 12 n each set back by the amount x against the product feed Z further than the respective preceding product While the other four products 12 ' 1 to 12' n to the other side to the opposite outermost product 12 ' n each further by the amount x against the Artszu slaughter Z are set back than the respective preceding product.
  • the amount x corresponding to the initial maximum misalignment of the product beginnings 36 relative to one another may be, for example again 30 mm.
  • the maximum offset between the product conveyors 22 is still only 90 mm, so that in this case only a limited travel path of the product conveyor 22 is required.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
EP14165790.8A 2013-04-29 2014-04-24 Procédé et dispositif de découpe de produits Active EP2808136B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310207788 DE102013207788A1 (de) 2013-04-29 2013-04-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufschneiden von Produkten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2808136A1 true EP2808136A1 (fr) 2014-12-03
EP2808136B1 EP2808136B1 (fr) 2020-02-12

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EP14165790.8A Active EP2808136B1 (fr) 2013-04-29 2014-04-24 Procédé et dispositif de découpe de produits

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US (1) US9381660B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2808136B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013207788A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10160602B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2018-12-25 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Configurable in-feed for a food processing machine
US9950869B1 (en) 2017-01-04 2018-04-24 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Belt tensioner in a food processing machine
US10639798B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2020-05-05 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Gripper actuating system in a food processing machine
US10836065B2 (en) 2017-01-04 2020-11-17 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Exposed load cell in a food processing machine
WO2019232142A1 (fr) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-05 Hollymatic Corporation Procédé et système de commande, d'automatisation, de surveillance et d'arrêt d'une trancheuse pour épicerie fine

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EP2407285A2 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-18 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Dispositif et procédé destinés à la coupe de produits alimentaires
EP2420362A1 (fr) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-22 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Procédé et dispositif destinés à la coupe de produits alimentaires
DE102011113793A1 (de) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-21 Bizerba Gmbh & Co. Kg Schneidemaschine mit automatischer Schneidgutzustellung
EP2711147A1 (fr) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-26 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Dispositif de traitement de produits alimentaires et procédé de balayage séquentiel de produits alimentaires

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2407285A2 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-18 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Dispositif et procédé destinés à la coupe de produits alimentaires
EP2420362A1 (fr) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-22 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Procédé et dispositif destinés à la coupe de produits alimentaires
DE102011113793A1 (de) * 2011-09-20 2013-03-21 Bizerba Gmbh & Co. Kg Schneidemaschine mit automatischer Schneidgutzustellung
EP2711147A1 (fr) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-26 Weber Maschinenbau GmbH Breidenbach Dispositif de traitement de produits alimentaires et procédé de balayage séquentiel de produits alimentaires

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Publication number Publication date
US9381660B2 (en) 2016-07-05
US20140318333A1 (en) 2014-10-30
EP2808136B1 (fr) 2020-02-12
DE102013207788A1 (de) 2014-10-30

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