EP2799386B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2799386B1
EP2799386B1 EP13166348.6A EP13166348A EP2799386B1 EP 2799386 B1 EP2799386 B1 EP 2799386B1 EP 13166348 A EP13166348 A EP 13166348A EP 2799386 B1 EP2799386 B1 EP 2799386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counterweight
crane
sensor
turntable
computational unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13166348.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2799386A1 (de
Inventor
Dieter Röben
Waldemar Mohr
Oliver TITSCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS filed Critical Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority to EP13166348.6A priority Critical patent/EP2799386B1/de
Priority to US14/261,568 priority patent/US9156663B2/en
Priority to JP2014091263A priority patent/JP5875624B2/ja
Priority to CN201410181495.2A priority patent/CN104129710B/zh
Priority to BR102014010691A priority patent/BR102014010691A2/pt
Publication of EP2799386A1 publication Critical patent/EP2799386A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2799386B1 publication Critical patent/EP2799386B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B66C15/06—Arrangements or use of warning devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight on a crane.
  • a counterweight of the crane is optimally adapted to a maximum load capacity and / or unloading of the crane for a specific task. This results in a relatively frequent change in the necessary weight of the counterweight, for example, the inclusion of additional counterweight parts or the release of unnecessary counterweight parts, depending on the task of the crane. Avoiding too high counterweights, which are dragged along with a rotary movement of the crane, helps to save fuel and reduce pollutant emissions. In the frequent changes it can happen that the counterweights are not symmetrically connected to the crane, which can cause the crane tilts earlier, especially at limit loads than calculated by the user due to the counterweight.
  • the WO 2012/163190 A1 relates to a crane with a retrofittable counterweight whose setup weight can be detected by a sensor located on the counterbalance cylinder and displayed on a display in a cabin of the crane.
  • the EP 1 724 230 A2 relates to a crane that can be equipped with a counterweight. Each of the counterweights is provided with an identification label representing the weight of the respective counterweight. These weight data can be read out wirelessly with a scanner.
  • the DE 10 2006 046 469 A1 relates to a vehicle crane with loadable ballast weights.
  • Each of the ballast weights is provided with a machine-readable data carrier for storing a weight detection and has a transmitting device, with which the data of the ballast weights can be sent to a ballast.
  • the ballast is equipped to receive the data of the ballast weights and compare them with a predetermined ballast.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a device for detecting and monitoring an armed counterweight of a crane.
  • the apparatus includes a turntable steel structure for equipping a counterweight with at least one counterweight cylinder. It also has a sensor which is arranged in the area of the rotary table steel construction. The device is monitored by a computer unit.
  • the counterweight is connectable to the turntable steel construction. It may be constructed of several separate counterweight parts, for example, a plurality of separate plates that may be individually connected to the turntable steel structure. Always connected to the rotary table steel construction counterweight parts together form a current weight load or a current counterweight on the turntable steel construction.
  • a weight load of the turntable steel construction is detected, for example, by the current counterweight and sent to a computer unit forwarded.
  • the sensor detects an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction due to the equipped counterweight.
  • the computer unit which may be a separate computer unit or preferably an electronic crane safety device (RCL), has a logic or an algorithm with which it can determine from the data of the sensor the current weight load of the rotary table steel construction.
  • the computer unit can access stored in the electronic crane safety device load charts of the crane, which contain, among other limits for a load of the crane equipped with different counterweights crane.
  • the tables include limits of loading by a load, a maximum length of a boom, a maximum telescoping length of a mast, etc., depending on a counterweight equipped.
  • the electronic crane safety device determines that the current counterweight on the turntable steel construction is sufficient, too large, or too small for current use of the crane.
  • the crane can be operated safely. For example, if the counterweight is determined to be too low, the crane may tilt forward in the direction of the boom, for example, and operation of the crane may be safely continued only if the counterweight is increased or the crane is returned to a safe operating range. If the counterweight is too large, the crane may tilt backwards if the counterweight is not reduced. With a counterweight that is permanently too high for the current crane operation, but not yet dangerous, the counterweight can be reduced in order to operate the crane energy-saving.
  • the at least one sensor can detect a deformation of the rotary table steel structure and the computer unit from the determined value of the deformation determine a total weight of the counterweight on the turntable steel structure.
  • the sensor may, for example, be an optical sensor which monitors, for example, an edge of the turntable steel structure and detects changes in the position of the edge to a predetermined reference line.
  • the sensor may be an elastically deformable sensor, for example a strain gauge attached to the turntable steel structure in a suitable area of the turntable steel structure and detecting at least one directional deformation of the turntable steel structure. Two or three such strain gauges can detect deformations of the rotary table steel construction in different directions and forward it to the computer unit.
  • a strain gauge attached to the turntable steel structure in a suitable area of the turntable steel structure and detecting at least one directional deformation of the turntable steel structure. Two or three such strain gauges can detect deformations of the rotary table steel construction in different directions and forward it to the computer unit.
  • unbalanced loading of the turntable steel structure may be detected if, for example, the crane is not in balance or the counterweights are not symmetrically mounted on the turntable steel structure.
  • the sensor may preferably be a press-fit sensor.
  • Press-fit sensors can be retrofitted into existing mechanical elements to detect a state of stress and thus the load on the element.
  • Press-fit sensors have been developed for applications where the deformation of existing components is measured by external forces. Their installation in existing components is simple. Instead of the press-fit sensor and a screw-in sensor can be used.
  • the sensor may be an elastic sensor, that is, a sensor which can be elastically deformed in its installation situation when a force is applied to it from the outside Part works, in which it is installed.
  • an elastic sensor that is, a sensor which can be elastically deformed in its installation situation when a force is applied to it from the outside Part works, in which it is installed.
  • the sensor may be a sensor with an amplifier, for example an integrated amplifier. That is, the signal measured by the sensor is amplified in the amplifier before passing to the computer unit, so that even with the smallest detected by the sensor deformations of the rotary table steel construction already a clearly perceptible signal is sent to the computer unit.
  • the sensor can be arranged in a region of a counterweight cylinder.
  • a cylinder As a counterweight cylinder, a cylinder is referred to, which is used for receiving the counterweight in cranes or mobile cranes, such as mobile cranes.
  • the counterbalance cylinder is connected to the turntable steel structure and has a piston that can be extended, for example, to grip and lift a counterweight.
  • gripping is also understood here that the piston of the counterweight cylinder extended with one end of a cylinder housing, moved into or through an opening in the counterweight in a gripping position and rotated in the gripping position, for example, by 90 ° or secured in any other way. Subsequently, the one end of the counterweight cylinder can be retracted again, so that the counterweight is brought into a position in which it can be pivoted together with the turntable steel construction.
  • the counterweight cylinder may be an integral part of a counterweight base plate that may be connected to other counterweight plates.
  • this counterbalance base plate with the counterweight cylinder can be stored on the undercarriage of the crane and locked to the turntable structural steel construction.
  • the counterweight cylinder may comprise the entire counterweight pact consisting of the counterweight base plate, the counterweight cylinder and optionally further counterweight plates upwardly in FIG Press the direction of the turntable steel structure into a locked position. After locking, the counterweight cylinder can retract again, pulling the entire counterweight package upwards, so that the counterweight base plate and optionally the other counterweight plates now hang freely on or under the turntable construction and can be pivoted together with it, respectively rotated.
  • the crane respectively the turntable steel construction or the counterweight base plate may comprise two counterweight cylinders.
  • each of the counterweight cylinder may be associated with a sensor, so that independently of each other elastic deformations of the rotary table steel construction respectively the sensors can be detected in the region of the two counterweight cylinder and passed to the computer unit.
  • the deformations detected by the sensors or the deformations of the two sensors can be compared with one another.
  • a limit value for a deviation between the two detected deformations can be predetermined in the computer unit, at the exceeding of which the arithmetic unit outputs an optical or audible warning signal to indicate to a crane operator that there is a problem with the counterweights.
  • the problem may be an asymmetrical reception of counterweights, or a malfunction of at least one of the counterweight cylinders, resulting, for example, in a non-synchronized reception of a counterweight by the two counterweight cylinders.
  • each counterweight cylinder own counterweights or counterweight parts receives and the number of recorded counterweights or counterweight parts per counterweight cylinder is not the same or the take-up speed of the cylinder is different.
  • the counterweight values detected by the sensors can be compared with a load capacity table for the crane stored in a memory of the computer unit or the electronic crane safety device.
  • the maximum load capacity values for the crane are stored in the table for each counterweight or total counterweight connected to the crane. The higher the counterweight, the larger the permissible load capacity of the crane normally becomes. That is, from the load table results in a permissible or maximum load of the crane at a given counterweight, for example, a permissible load and / or a permissible unloading of the crane. Intermediate values or boundary values can be interpolated or extrapolated.
  • These ascertained values for the current setup state of the crane can be output at an output unit, for example an optical output unit such as a screen or display, or via a printer so that the crane operator is informed about this.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a mobile crane comprising an undercarriage, an uppercarriage, a turntable steel structure connected to the uppercarriage, and a device for automatically detecting a counterweight connected to the turntable steel structure.
  • the turntable steel structure or counterweight base plate which can be locked to the turntable steel structure has at least one counterbalance cylinder with which a counterweight, respectively a counterweight plate, can be gripped, held and / or lifted.
  • a sensor can detect an elastic deformation of the turntable steel structure during or after the reception of the counterweights and forward a signal representing the elastic deformation to a computer unit.
  • the device may be the device described above with which it can be established that a counterweight is connected to the crane and with which a weight of the counterweight and an arrangement of the counterweights or a counterweight distribution on the rotary table steel construction can be detected.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of automatically detecting and controlling a crane implement weight to prevent the crane from tilting in a load direction and / or in a counterweight direction and / or asymmetrically setting up the crane.
  • a counterweight is connected to a turntable construction of the crane.
  • an elastic deformation of the rotary table steel construction is detected after connection to the counterweight by a sensor and forwarded in a third step to a computer unit.
  • the value detected by the sensor is calibrated in the computer unit with a load table for the crane stored in the computer unit or in an electronic crane safety device. That is, the computer unit searches in the payload table for the value of the counterbalance detected by the sensor and retrieves from the payload table the associated limit load values for the crane.
  • the limit load values may be a maximum payload, a maximum overshoot, or other limit load values for the crane in the detected current counterweight configuration.
  • the limit load values determined in this way can be output by the computer unit to an output device, for example on a screen, a display or a printer, as a printed table or limit curve.
  • the crane operator can put the crane into operation.
  • the computer unit can monitor the crane, in particular the observance of the determined limit values, during operation and warn the crane operator when the limit values are exceeded by acoustic, optical or tactile signals.
  • the steel construction or the counterweight base plate has two counterweight cylinders and two sensors, the values detected by the two sensors can be compared with one another in the computer unit.
  • the sensors are preferably spaced from each other on the turntable steel structure and have a same vertical and horizontal spacing from an upper edge of the counterweight facing the turntable steel structure.
  • the comparison detects a deviation between the recorded values, this may mean that the crane is not in balance or the counterweight is not equipped synchronously. If this asymmetric loading of the crane exceeds a predetermined limit, the computer unit, as already described, cause and output a warning signal.
  • a device for carrying out the method can be retrofitted into a crane, wherein the device can be, in particular, the device described above for detecting and monitoring a fitted counterweight on a crane.
  • FIG. 1 shows a superstructure B of a mobile crane with a turntable steel construction 1 with two counterweight cylinders 2 in a perspective view from above.
  • the turntable steel construction 1 has at its rear end two transverse to a longitudinal direction L of the turntable steel construction 1 projecting connecting straps 3, 4, which is encompassed by a fork-like extension 5 of the counterweight cylinder 2 and connected thereto by means of a bolt 6 with the counterweight cylinder 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the turntable steel construction 1 of FIG. 1 in an enlargement. Shown is the impression cylinder 3, which is connected to the turntable steel structure 1.
  • connection between the turntable steel structure 1 and the counterweight cylinder 2, consisting of the fork-like extension 5, the connecting plate 3 and the bolt 6, is shown in a section through the center of the bolt 6.
  • the fork-like extension 5 has on one of its sides a through hole, the connecting plate a hole.
  • a press-fit sensor 9 was pressed through the through hole in the bore.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
EP13166348.6A 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran Active EP2799386B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13166348.6A EP2799386B1 (de) 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran
US14/261,568 US9156663B2 (en) 2013-05-03 2014-04-25 Device and method for ascertaining and monitoring an assembled counterweight on a crane
JP2014091263A JP5875624B2 (ja) 2013-05-03 2014-04-25 クレーンの組立カウンタウェイトを確認及び監視するための装置及び方法
CN201410181495.2A CN104129710B (zh) 2013-05-03 2014-04-30 用于确定和监视起重机上组装的配重的设备和方法
BR102014010691A BR102014010691A2 (pt) 2013-05-03 2014-05-02 dispositivo para detectar e monitorar um contrapeso montado em um guindaste, guindaste, e, método para verificar de maneira automática um peso do conjunto

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13166348.6A EP2799386B1 (de) 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2799386A1 EP2799386A1 (de) 2014-11-05
EP2799386B1 true EP2799386B1 (de) 2016-11-09

Family

ID=48288856

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13166348.6A Active EP2799386B1 (de) 2013-05-03 2013-05-03 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ermittlung und Überwachung eines gerüsteten Gegengewichts an einem Kran

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9156663B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP2799386B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5875624B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN104129710B (ja)
BR (1) BR102014010691A2 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017000431A1 (de) 2017-01-18 2018-07-19 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Einrichtung zur Messung des Gewichts eines Ballastkörpers

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160169413A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Counterweight System and Method
CN104840364A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2015-08-19 骆颜颜 智能奶瓶
JP7180966B2 (ja) 2016-01-29 2022-11-30 マニタウォック クレイン カンパニーズ， エルエルシー 視覚的アウトリガー監視システム
US11097927B1 (en) 2016-04-20 2021-08-24 Link-Belt Cranes, L.P., Lllp Lifting machine with counterweight sensing system and related methods
US11124392B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2021-09-21 Manitowoc Crane Companies, Llc Optical detection and analysis for boom angles on a crane
DE102016014571B4 (de) * 2016-12-07 2021-07-29 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Kran mit Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln des wirksamen Gegengewichts des Krans
DE102017001533A1 (de) * 2017-02-15 2018-08-16 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Ballastwiegung an einem Kran sowie ein entsprechender Kran
JP7102881B2 (ja) * 2018-04-04 2022-07-20 コベルコ建機株式会社 作業機械
JP7119538B2 (ja) * 2018-04-25 2022-08-17 コベルコ建機株式会社 作業機械
CN112850521A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-05-28 三一汽车起重机械有限公司 一种起重机配重识别方法、装置及起重机

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JP2516865Y2 (ja) * 1990-07-20 1996-11-13 株式会社タダノ 移動式クレーンにおけるカウンタウエイトの装着状態検出装置
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JP3351662B2 (ja) * 1995-08-30 2002-12-03 日立建機株式会社 カウンタウエイト装着状態検出方法，装置および過負荷防止装置
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JP4678233B2 (ja) * 2005-05-16 2011-04-27 コベルコクレーン株式会社 クレーン及びそのウェイト検出装置
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017000431A1 (de) 2017-01-18 2018-07-19 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Einrichtung zur Messung des Gewichts eines Ballastkörpers
DE102017000431B4 (de) 2017-01-18 2022-01-05 Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh Einrichtung zur Messung des Gewichts eines Ballastkörpers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104129710A (zh) 2014-11-05
JP2014218374A (ja) 2014-11-20
BR102014010691A2 (pt) 2016-09-27
JP5875624B2 (ja) 2016-03-02
US9156663B2 (en) 2015-10-13
CN104129710B (zh) 2017-01-11
EP2799386A1 (de) 2014-11-05
US20140330481A1 (en) 2014-11-06

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