EP2798194B1 - Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2798194B1
EP2798194B1 EP12812984.8A EP12812984A EP2798194B1 EP 2798194 B1 EP2798194 B1 EP 2798194B1 EP 12812984 A EP12812984 A EP 12812984A EP 2798194 B1 EP2798194 B1 EP 2798194B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure
fuel injection
injection valve
receptacle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12812984.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2798194A1 (en
Inventor
Björn SCHOLEMANN
Helmut Clauss
Lorenz Zerle
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2798194A1 publication Critical patent/EP2798194A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/004—Joints; Sealings
    • F02M55/005—Joints; Sealings for high pressure conduits, e.g. connected to pump outlet or to injector inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/008—Arrangement of fuel passages inside of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/27—Fuel-injection apparatus with filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/28—Details of throttles in fuel-injection apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve, as it is preferably used for the injection of fuel under high pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • fuel injection valves For introducing fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, fuel injection valves are known which can spray compressed fuel finely atomized and which are used in particular in self-igniting internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve in this case comprises a housing in which a nozzle needle is arranged longitudinally displaceable and opens or closes one or more injection openings by their longitudinal movement.
  • a control chamber is provided which can be filled with fuel under high pressure and which exerts a hydraulic closing force on the nozzle needle.
  • the pressure in the control chamber is usually controlled by an electromagnetic control valve, which connects the control chamber when needed with a low-pressure chamber in the fuel injection valve.
  • the fuel for the injection is in such an injector, as for example from the DE 102 07 227 A1 is known, compressed by a separate high pressure pump and stored in a high-pressure accumulator, the so-called rail. From there, a high-pressure line leads to the high-pressure connection of the fuel injection valve, which introduces the compressed fuel into the combustion chamber. In the housing of the fuel injection valve to a high pressure passage is formed, through which the fuel flows to the injection openings. To supply the control chamber branches off from this high-pressure channel from a control line. The fuel from the control room flows off via an outlet throttle, which is from the Control valve is opened and closed and has only a very small flow cross-section.
  • a fuel injector in which the high-pressure port is screwed into the injector body with the interposition of a sealing disc having a passage for the fuel.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention has the advantage that the functionality of the fuel injection valve is ensured despite contamination of the fuel with particles over its entire lifetime.
  • the fuel injection valve has a housing with a high-pressure connection, which comprises a connection body, which is inserted into a receptacle on the housing.
  • a channel is formed, can flow through the fuel in a housing formed in the high pressure passage, which opens into the receptacle and there forms an inlet opening, wherein between the connection body and the receptacle, a sealing disc is arranged.
  • the sealing disc has an opening through which the fuel in the high-pressure passage and in the control line, which supplies the control valve with fuel, can flow, wherein the opening of the sealing disc with the inlet opening of the high pressure line is at least approximately aligned. Particles that are in the fuel and pass through the high-pressure port into the fuel injection valve, flow due to their inertia in the high pressure passage and thus in the direction of the injection ports, while in the control line virtually no particles penetrate. The function of the control valve is thus ensured over the life of the fuel injection valve.
  • a recess is formed at the bottom of the receptacle into which the high-pressure channel and the control line open. Such a depression allows appropriate arrangement of high pressure passage and control line to achieve the desired fuel flow without great effort.
  • a fuel filter is arranged in the connection body.
  • the best possible quality of the fuel with respect to filterable particles is achieved by the arranged directly in front of the fuel injection valve fuel filter, since there are only very few impurities after the filter in the fuel.
  • the fuel injection valve comprises a housing 1, which comprises a holding body 2 and a nozzle body 3, which are braced against each other in a liquid-tight manner by a tensioning device not shown in the drawing.
  • a pressure chamber 18 is formed, in which a nozzle needle 20 is arranged longitudinally displaceable.
  • the nozzle needle 20 acts with its combustion chamber side End together with a valve seat 22 and thereby closes or opens a flow cross-section between the pressure chamber 18 and an adjacent to the valve seat 22 blind hole 23, from which several injection ports 24 go out.
  • a control valve 5 which comprises a magnet armature 6 which is movable by an electromagnet, not shown, in the longitudinal direction of the fuel injection valve and cooperates with a control valve seat 40 which is formed on a valve piece 25.
  • the valve member 25 is a substantially rotationally symmetrical component, which is formed as a hollow cylinder at its nozzle end and a valve member 25 longitudinally movable valve piston 21 receives, which is connected directly or indirectly with the nozzle needle 20.
  • the valve piece is surrounded by an annular space 31, which is supplied via a control line 29 with fuel under high pressure.
  • the annular space 31 is connected via a formed in the valve piece 25 inlet throttle 27 with the control chamber 26 so that fuel can flow under high pressure in the control room.
  • the control chamber 26 is also connected via an outlet throttle 28 with a low-pressure chamber 19 in which there is always a very low fuel pressure, which is not significantly above the atmospheric pressure in the rule.
  • the outlet throttle 28 can be closed via the control valve 5, so that the pressure in the control chamber 26 can be controlled by the control valve 5: If the control valve 5 is opened, fuel flows from the control chamber 26 into the low pressure chamber 19, which reduces the pressure in the control chamber 26 decreases.
  • the fuel injection valve is supplied with compressed fuel via a high-pressure connection 7, which is formed on the housing 1.
  • the high-pressure connection 7 comprises a housing 30 formed in the receptacle 30, which is designed as a cylindrical recess in the holding body 2 and has an internal thread.
  • a sealing surface 36 is arranged, which serves as an abutment for a connecting body 15, which has substantially the shape of a hollow cylinder and is inserted into the receptacle 30.
  • the connection body 15 has an external thread, which engages in the internal thread formed in the receptacle 30, so that the connection body 15 is clamped by screwing against the sealing surface 36.
  • a sealing disk 32 is disposed between the connecting body 15 and the sealing surface 36, which has a central opening 33.
  • a passage 34 is formed for the passage of the fuel, which passes through the entire connection body 15 and through which the fuel flows into the fuel injection valve, wherein in the channel 34, a fuel filter 35 may be arranged to filter the particles located in the fuel as far as possible. However, it must be ensured that there is no significant pressure drop on the fuel filter, which limits the achievable filter effect.
  • the fuel is introduced via a high pressure line 13 from a high pressure accumulator 12 in the channel 34, wherein a plurality of fuel injection valves may be connected to the same high-pressure accumulator 12.
  • the high-pressure accumulator 12 serves as a buffer and pressure reservoir for the compressed fuel which is taken from a tank 9 and is compressed by a high-pressure pump 11.
  • a recess 37 is formed, which is designed here conical.
  • This recess 37 opens on the one hand, the control line 29 and on the other hand, a high pressure passage 16, which forms an inlet opening 116 at the intersection with the recess 37.
  • the high-pressure passage 16 connects the recess 37 and thus the receptacle 30 with the high-pressure chamber 18 of the nozzle body 3.
  • the opening 33 of the sealing washer 32 to the inlet opening 116 is arranged so that the opening 33 is at least approximately aligned with the inlet opening 116.
  • the diameter of the opening 33 corresponds at least substantially to the diameter of the inlet opening 116 of the high-pressure passage 16.
  • the control line 29 leads offset to the inlet opening 116 in the recess 37, which in FIG. 2 , an enlargement of the designated II section of the FIG. 1 is shown again.
  • the fuel exiting the port 33 during injection of the fuel flows primarily into the high-pressure passage 16. Since the control valve 5 is opened during injection, fuel also flows from the port 33 via the recess 37 into the control line 29 and from there into the annular space 31 and the control chamber 26.
  • the fuel exiting from the opening 33 must make a strong change in direction and bend in the embodiment shown more than 90 ° from its original flow direction to flow into the control line 29.
  • the particles 42 still present in the fuel can not take part in this change in direction and are entrained by the fuel flowing into the high-pressure passage 16 and so do not predominantly enter the control line 29, as shown in FIG. 2 shows.
  • the particles 42, which are washed up into the pressure chamber 18, are flushed out via the injection openings 24 and practically do not obstruct the function of the fuel injection valve. Larger particles, which could also lead to damage in the nozzle body 2, are retained by the fuel filter 35 and thus do not reach the fuel injection valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil, wie es vorzugsweise zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschinen Verwendung findet.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve, as it is preferably used for the injection of fuel under high pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Zur Einbringung von Kraftstoff direkt in einem Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine sind Kraftstoffeinspritzventile bekannt, die verdichteten Kraftstoff fein zerstäubt ausspritzen können und die insbesondere in selbstzündenden Brennkraftmaschinen verwendet werden. Das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil umfasst dabei ein Gehäuse, in dem eine Düsennadel längsverschiebbar angeordnet ist und durch ihre Längsbewegung eine oder mehrere Einspritzöffnungen öffnet oder schließt. Um die Düsennadel zu bewegen ist ein Steuerraum vorgesehen, der mit Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck befüllt werden kann und der eine hydraulische Schließkraft auf die Düsennadel ausübt. Der Druck im Steuerraum wird in der Regel durch ein elektromagnetisches Steuerventil geregelt, das den Steuerraum bei Bedarf mit einem Niederdruckraum im Kraftstoffeinspritzventil verbindet.For introducing fuel directly into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, fuel injection valves are known which can spray compressed fuel finely atomized and which are used in particular in self-igniting internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve in this case comprises a housing in which a nozzle needle is arranged longitudinally displaceable and opens or closes one or more injection openings by their longitudinal movement. To move the nozzle needle, a control chamber is provided which can be filled with fuel under high pressure and which exerts a hydraulic closing force on the nozzle needle. The pressure in the control chamber is usually controlled by an electromagnetic control valve, which connects the control chamber when needed with a low-pressure chamber in the fuel injection valve.

Der Kraftstoff für die Einspritzung wird bei einem solchen Einspritzventil, wie es beispielsweise aus der DE 102 07 227 A1 bekannt ist, durch einen separate Hochdruckpumpe verdichtet und in einem Hochdruckspeicher, dem sogenannten Rail, gespeichert. Von dort führt eine Hochdruckleitung zum Hochdruckanschluss des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils, das den verdichteten Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einbringt. Im Gehäuse des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils ist dazu ein Hochdruckkanal ausgebildet, durch den der Kraftstoff zu den Einspritzöffnungen fließt. Zur Versorgung des Steuerraums zweigt von diesem Hochdruckkanal eine Steuerleitung ab. Der Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum fließt über eine Ablaufdrossel ab, die vom Steuerventil geöffnet und geschlossen wird und die nur einen sehr geringen Strömungsquerschnitt aufweist. Befinden sich Schmutzpartikel im Kraftstoff, so können diese in der Ablaufdrossel stecken bleiben und den Strömungsquerschnitt ändern, was die Funktionalität des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils beeinträchtigt. Darüber hinaus können solche Partikel das eigentliche Steuerventil mit seinen beweglichen Teilen beschädigen und beispielsweise die Dichtheit beeinträchtigen. Um solche Schäden zu vermeiden sind in Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen Kraftstofffilter vorgesehen, die solche Partikel aus dem Kraftstoff filtern sollen, was jedoch nicht immer zuverlässig möglich ist.The fuel for the injection is in such an injector, as for example from the DE 102 07 227 A1 is known, compressed by a separate high pressure pump and stored in a high-pressure accumulator, the so-called rail. From there, a high-pressure line leads to the high-pressure connection of the fuel injection valve, which introduces the compressed fuel into the combustion chamber. In the housing of the fuel injection valve to a high pressure passage is formed, through which the fuel flows to the injection openings. To supply the control chamber branches off from this high-pressure channel from a control line. The fuel from the control room flows off via an outlet throttle, which is from the Control valve is opened and closed and has only a very small flow cross-section. If there are dirt particles in the fuel, they can get stuck in the outlet throttle and change the flow cross-section, which affects the functionality of the fuel injection valve. In addition, such particles can damage the actual control valve with its moving parts and, for example, affect the tightness. In order to avoid such damage fuel filters are provided in fuel injection systems that are to filter such particles from the fuel, but this is not always reliable possible.

Aus der EP 0 753 658 A1 ist ein Kraftstoffinjektor bekannt, bei dem der Hochdruckanschluss in den Injektorkörper unter Zwischenlage einer Dichtscheibe eingeschraubt ist, die eine Durchtrittsöffnung für den Kraftstoff aufweist.From the EP 0 753 658 A1 a fuel injector is known in which the high-pressure port is screwed into the injector body with the interposition of a sealing disc having a passage for the fuel.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzventil hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass die Funktionalität des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils trotz Verunreinigungen des Kraftstoffs mit Partikeln über dessen gesamter Lebensdauer gewährleistet ist. Dazu weist das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil ein Gehäuse mit einem Hochdruckanschluss auf, der einen Anschlusskörper umfasst, welcher in eine Aufnahme am Gehäuse eingeführt ist. Im Anschlusskörper ist ein Kanal ausgebildet, durch den Kraftstoff in einen im Gehäuse ausgebildeten Hochdruckkanal fließen kann, der in die Aufnahme mündet und dort eine Eintrittsöffnung bildet, wobei zwischen dem Anschlusskörper und der Aufnahme eine Dichtscheibe angeordnet ist. Die Dichtscheibe weist eine Öffnung auf, durch die der Kraftstoff in den Hochdruckkanal und in die Steuerleitung, die das Steuerventil mit Kraftstoff versorgt, fließen kann, wobei die Öffnung der Dichtscheibe mit der Eintrittsöffnung der Hochdruckleitung zumindest näherungsweise fluchtet. Partikel, die sich im Kraftstoff befinden und über den Hochdruckanschluss in das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil gelangen, fließen aufgrund ihrer Trägheit in den Hochdruckkanal und somit in Richtung der Einspritzöffnungen, während in die Steuerleitung praktisch keine Partikel eindringen. Die Funktion des Steuerventils ist somit über die Lebensdauer des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils gewährleistet.The fuel injection valve according to the invention has the advantage that the functionality of the fuel injection valve is ensured despite contamination of the fuel with particles over its entire lifetime. For this purpose, the fuel injection valve has a housing with a high-pressure connection, which comprises a connection body, which is inserted into a receptacle on the housing. In the connection body, a channel is formed, can flow through the fuel in a housing formed in the high pressure passage, which opens into the receptacle and there forms an inlet opening, wherein between the connection body and the receptacle, a sealing disc is arranged. The sealing disc has an opening through which the fuel in the high-pressure passage and in the control line, which supplies the control valve with fuel, can flow, wherein the opening of the sealing disc with the inlet opening of the high pressure line is at least approximately aligned. Particles that are in the fuel and pass through the high-pressure port into the fuel injection valve, flow due to their inertia in the high pressure passage and thus in the direction of the injection ports, while in the control line virtually no particles penetrate. The function of the control valve is thus ensured over the life of the fuel injection valve.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der durch die Öffnung der Dichtscheibe austretende Kraftstoff, der in die Steuerleitung fließt, dabei eine Richtungsänderung von mehr als 90° vollzieht. Dadurch werden auch kleine und leichte Partikel, die durch den Kraftstoff in das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil geschwemmt werden, zuverlässig davon abgehalten, in die Steuerleitung einzudringen.It is particularly advantageous if the fuel exiting through the opening of the sealing disk, which flows into the control line, makes a change in direction of more than 90 °. As a result, even small and light particles that are swept by the fuel in the fuel injection valve, reliably prevented from entering the control line.

Erfindungsgemäß ist am Grund der Aufnahme eine Vertiefung ausgebildet, in die der Hochdruckkanal und die Steuerleitung münden. Eine solche Vertiefung erlaubt ohne großen Aufwand entsprechende Anordnung von Hochdruckkanal und Steuerleitung, um den gewünschten Kraftstoffstrom zu erreichen.According to the invention, a recess is formed at the bottom of the receptacle into which the high-pressure channel and the control line open. Such a depression allows appropriate arrangement of high pressure passage and control line to achieve the desired fuel flow without great effort.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist im Anschlusskörper ein Kraftstofffilter angeordnet. Neben den Kraftstofffiltern, die im übrigen Kraftstoffhochdrucksystem vorhanden sind, wird durch den unmittelbar vor dem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil angeordneten Kraftstofffilter eine bestmögliche Qualität des Kraftstoffs bezüglich filterbarer Partikel erreicht, da sich nur noch sehr wenige Verunreinigungen nach dem Filter im Kraftstoff befinden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a fuel filter is arranged in the connection body. In addition to the fuel filters, which are present in the rest of the high-pressure fuel system, the best possible quality of the fuel with respect to filterable particles is achieved by the arranged directly in front of the fuel injection valve fuel filter, since there are only very few impurities after the filter in the fuel.

Weitere Vorteile und die Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung entnehmbar.Further advantages and the embodiment of the invention are the description and the drawings can be removed.

Zeichnungdrawing

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils dargestellt. Es zeigt

Figur 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftstoffeinspritzventil im Längsschnitt, wobei nur die wesentlichen Teile des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils gezeigt sind, und
Figur 2
eine vergrößerte Darstellung des mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitts der Figur 1.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown. It shows
FIG. 1
a fuel injection valve according to the invention in longitudinal section, wherein only the essential parts of the fuel injection valve are shown, and
FIG. 2
an enlarged view of the designated II section of the FIG. 1 ,

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In der Figur 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Kraftstoffeinspritzventil im Längsschnitt dargestellt. Das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil umfasst ein Gehäuse 1, das einen Haltekörper 2 und einen Düsenkörper 3 umfasst, die durch eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Spannvorrichtung gegeneinander flüssigkeitsdicht verspannt sind. Im Düsenkörper 3 ist ein Druckraum 18 ausgebildet, in dem eine Düsennadel 20 längsverschiebbar angeordnet ist. Die Düsennadel 20 wirkt mit ihrem brennraumseitigen Ende mit einem Ventilsitz 22 zusammen und verschließt oder öffnet dadurch einen Strömungsquerschnitt zwischen dem Druckraum 18 und einem an den Ventilsitz 22 grenzenden Sackloch 23, von dem mehrere Einspritzöffnungen 24 ausgehen.In the FIG. 1 a fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section. The fuel injection valve comprises a housing 1, which comprises a holding body 2 and a nozzle body 3, which are braced against each other in a liquid-tight manner by a tensioning device not shown in the drawing. In the nozzle body 3, a pressure chamber 18 is formed, in which a nozzle needle 20 is arranged longitudinally displaceable. The nozzle needle 20 acts with its combustion chamber side End together with a valve seat 22 and thereby closes or opens a flow cross-section between the pressure chamber 18 and an adjacent to the valve seat 22 blind hole 23, from which several injection ports 24 go out.

Im Haltekörper 2 ist ein Steuerventil 5 angeordnet, das einen Magnetanker 6 umfasst, der durch einen nicht dargestellten Elektromagneten in Längsrichtung des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils bewegbar ist und dabei mit einem Steuerventilsitz 40 zusammenwirkt, der an einem Ventilstück 25 ausgebildet ist. Das Ventilstück 25 ist dabei ein im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisches Bauteil, das an seinem düsenseitigen Ende hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet ist und einen im Ventilstück 25 längsbeweglichen Ventilkolben 21 aufnimmt, der mit der Düsennadel 20 mittelbar oder unmittelbar verbunden ist. Durch den Ventilkolben 21 und das Ventilstück 25 wird ein Steuerraum 26 begrenzt, dessen Druck eine hydraulische Kraft auf die Stirnseite des Ventilkolbens 21 ausübt und damit auch eine Schließkraft in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 22 auf die Düsennadel 20.In the holding body 2, a control valve 5 is arranged, which comprises a magnet armature 6 which is movable by an electromagnet, not shown, in the longitudinal direction of the fuel injection valve and cooperates with a control valve seat 40 which is formed on a valve piece 25. The valve member 25 is a substantially rotationally symmetrical component, which is formed as a hollow cylinder at its nozzle end and a valve member 25 longitudinally movable valve piston 21 receives, which is connected directly or indirectly with the nozzle needle 20. By the valve piston 21 and the valve piece 25, a control chamber 26 is limited, the pressure exerts a hydraulic force on the end face of the valve piston 21 and thus also a closing force in the direction of the valve seat 22 on the nozzle needle 20th

Das Ventilstück ist von einem Ringraum 31 umgeben, der über eine Steuerleitung 29 mit Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck versorgt ist. Der Ringraum 31 ist über eine im Ventilstück 25 ausgebildete Zulaufdrossel 27 mit dem Steuerraum 26 verbunden, so dass Kraftstoff unter hohem Druck in den Steuerraum fließen kann. Der Steuerraum 26 ist darüber hinaus über eine Ablaufdrossel 28 mit einem Niederdruckraum 19 verbindbar, in dem stets ein sehr niedriger Kraftstoffdruck herrscht, der in der Regel nicht wesentlich über dem Atmosphärendruck liegt. Die Ablaufdrossel 28 ist über das Steuerventil 5 verschließbar, so dass der Druck im Steuerraum 26 durch das Steuerventil 5 gesteuert werden kann: Wird das Steuerventil 5 geöffnet, so fließt Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum 26 in den Niederdruckraum 19 ab, was den Druck im Steuerraum 26 mindert. Zwar fließt gleichzeitig ständig Kraftstoff über die Zulaufdrossel 28 in den Steuerraum 26, jedoch sind die Zulaufdrossel 27 und die Ablaufdrossel 28 so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass bei geöffneter Ablaufdrossel 28 mehr Kraftstoff aus dem Steuerraum 26 abfließt als über die Zulaufdrossel 27 zufließt. Wird das Steuerventil 5 wieder verschlossen, so führt der über die Zulaufdrossel 27 zufließende Kraftstoff erneut zu einer Druckerhöhung im Steuerraum, bis der Druck im Ringraum 31 wieder erreicht ist.The valve piece is surrounded by an annular space 31, which is supplied via a control line 29 with fuel under high pressure. The annular space 31 is connected via a formed in the valve piece 25 inlet throttle 27 with the control chamber 26 so that fuel can flow under high pressure in the control room. The control chamber 26 is also connected via an outlet throttle 28 with a low-pressure chamber 19 in which there is always a very low fuel pressure, which is not significantly above the atmospheric pressure in the rule. The outlet throttle 28 can be closed via the control valve 5, so that the pressure in the control chamber 26 can be controlled by the control valve 5: If the control valve 5 is opened, fuel flows from the control chamber 26 into the low pressure chamber 19, which reduces the pressure in the control chamber 26 decreases. Although at the same time constantly fuel flows through the inlet throttle 28 in the control chamber 26, but the inlet throttle 27 and the outlet throttle 28 are coordinated so that when the outlet throttle 28 more fuel flows from the control chamber 26 flows as over the inlet throttle 27 flows. If the control valve 5 is closed again, the fuel flowing in via the inlet throttle 27 leads again to an increase in pressure in the control chamber until the pressure in the annular space 31 is reached again.

Durch den Druck im Steuerraum 26 wird eine hydraulische Schließkraft auf die Stirnseite des Ventilkolbens 21 ausgeübt, die über den Ventilkolben 21 unmittelbar oder mittelbar auf die Düsennadel 20 übertragen wird und diese in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 22 drückt. Gleichzeitig wirkt auf die Düsennadel 20 durch den hydraulischen Druck im Druckraum 18 eine in Öffnungsrichtung, also entgegen der Schließkraft, wirkende Öffnungskraft, die jedoch bei geschlossenem Steuerventil 5 kleiner ist als die Schließkraft, so dass die Düsennadel 20 in Anlage am Ventilsitz 22 verbleibt. Erst durch das Absenken des Drucks im Steuerraum 26 überwiegt die Öffnungskraft, und die Düsennadel 20 bewegt sich zusammen mit dem Ventilkolben 21 vom Ventilsitz 22 weg und verbindet so den Druckraum 18 mit den Einspritzöffnungen 24.By the pressure in the control chamber 26, a hydraulic closing force is exerted on the end face of the valve piston 21, which is transmitted via the valve piston 21 directly or indirectly to the nozzle needle 20 and pushes them in the direction of the valve seat 22. At the same time acts on the nozzle needle 20 by the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber 18 in the opening direction, ie against the closing force, acting opening force, which is smaller than the closing force with the control valve 5 closed, so that the nozzle needle 20 remains in contact with the valve seat 22. Only by lowering the pressure in the control chamber 26 outweighs the opening force, and the nozzle needle 20 moves away from the valve seat 22 together with the valve piston 21 and thus connects the pressure chamber 18 with the injection openings 24th

Die Versorgung des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils mit verdichtetem Kraftstoff geschieht über einen Hochdruckanschluss 7, der am Gehäuse 1 ausgebildet ist. Der Hochdruckanschluss 7 umfasst eine im Gehäuse 1 ausgebildete Aufnahme 30, die als zylindrische Ausnehmung im Haltekörper 2 ausgeführt ist und ein Innengewinde aufweist. Am Grund der Aufnahme 30 ist eine Dichtfläche 36 angeordnet, die als Widerlager für einen Anschlusskörper 15 dient, der im Wesentlichen die Form eines Hohlzylinders aufweist und in die Aufnahme 30 eingeführt ist. Der Anschlusskörper 15 weist ein Außengewinde auf, das in das in der Aufnahme 30 ausgebildete Innengewinde eingreift, so dass der Anschlusskörper 15 durch Einschrauben gegen die Dichtfläche 36 verspannt wird. Zur Abdichtung ist zwischen dem Anschlusskörper 15 und der Dichtfläche 36 eine Dichtscheibe 32 angeordnet, die eine mittige Öffnung 33 aufweist.The fuel injection valve is supplied with compressed fuel via a high-pressure connection 7, which is formed on the housing 1. The high-pressure connection 7 comprises a housing 30 formed in the receptacle 30, which is designed as a cylindrical recess in the holding body 2 and has an internal thread. At the bottom of the receptacle 30, a sealing surface 36 is arranged, which serves as an abutment for a connecting body 15, which has substantially the shape of a hollow cylinder and is inserted into the receptacle 30. The connection body 15 has an external thread, which engages in the internal thread formed in the receptacle 30, so that the connection body 15 is clamped by screwing against the sealing surface 36. For sealing a sealing disk 32 is disposed between the connecting body 15 and the sealing surface 36, which has a central opening 33.

Im Anschlusskörper 15 ist zur Durchleitung des Kraftstoffs ein Kanal 34 ausgebildet, der den gesamten Anschlusskörper 15 durchzieht und durch den der Kraftstoff in das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil fließt, wobei im Kanal 34 ein Kraftstofffilter 35 angeordnet sein kann, das im Kraftstoff befindliche Partikel weitest möglich herausfiltern soll. Allerdings muss sichergestellt sein, dass es nicht zu einem nennenswerten Druckabfall am Kraftstofffilter kommt, was die erreichbare Filterwirkung beschränkt. Der Kraftstoff wird über eine Hochdruckleitung 13 aus einem Hochdruckspeicher 12 in den Kanal 34 eingeleitet, wobei mehrere Kraftstoffeinspritzventile mit demselben Hochdruckspeicher 12 verbunden sein können. Der Hochdruckspeicher 12 dient dabei als Zwischenspeicher und Druckreservoir für den verdichteten Kraftstoff, der aus einem Tank 9 entnommen wird und durch eine Hochdruckpumpe 11 verdichtet ist.In the connection body 15, a passage 34 is formed for the passage of the fuel, which passes through the entire connection body 15 and through which the fuel flows into the fuel injection valve, wherein in the channel 34, a fuel filter 35 may be arranged to filter the particles located in the fuel as far as possible. However, it must be ensured that there is no significant pressure drop on the fuel filter, which limits the achievable filter effect. The fuel is introduced via a high pressure line 13 from a high pressure accumulator 12 in the channel 34, wherein a plurality of fuel injection valves may be connected to the same high-pressure accumulator 12. The high-pressure accumulator 12 serves as a buffer and pressure reservoir for the compressed fuel which is taken from a tank 9 and is compressed by a high-pressure pump 11.

Am Grund der Aufnahme 30 ist eine Vertiefung 37 ausgebildet, die hier kegelförmig ausgeführt ist. In diese Vertiefung 37 mündet einerseits die Steuerleitung 29 und andererseits ein Hochdruckkanal 16, der am Schnittpunkt mit der Vertiefung 37 eine Eintrittsöffnung 116 bildet. Der Hochdruckkanal 16 verbindet die Vertiefung 37 und damit die Aufnahme 30 mit dem Hochdruckraum 18 des Düsenkörpers 3. Um den Kraftstoff effektiv und ohne wesentlichen Druckverlust in den Hochdruckkanal 16 einzuleiten, ist die Öffnung 33 der Dichtscheibe 32 zur Eintrittsöffnung 116 so angeordnet, dass die Öffnung 33 mit der Eintrittsöffnung 116 zumindest näherungsweise fluchtet. Der Durchmesser der Öffnung 33 entspricht dabei zumindest im Wesentlichen dem Durchmesser der Eintrittsöffnung 116 des Hochdruckkanals 16.At the bottom of the receptacle 30, a recess 37 is formed, which is designed here conical. In this recess 37 opens on the one hand, the control line 29 and on the other hand, a high pressure passage 16, which forms an inlet opening 116 at the intersection with the recess 37. The high-pressure passage 16 connects the recess 37 and thus the receptacle 30 with the high-pressure chamber 18 of the nozzle body 3. In order to initiate the fuel effectively and without significant loss of pressure in the high pressure passage 16, the opening 33 of the sealing washer 32 to the inlet opening 116 is arranged so that the opening 33 is at least approximately aligned with the inlet opening 116. The diameter of the opening 33 corresponds at least substantially to the diameter of the inlet opening 116 of the high-pressure passage 16.

Die Steuerleitung 29 mündet versetzt zur Eintrittsöffnung 116 in die Vertiefung 37, was in Figur 2, die eine Vergrößerung des mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitts der Figur 1 ist, nochmals dargestellt ist. Der Kraftstoff, der aus der Öffnung 33 während der Einspritzung des Kraftstoffs austritt, strömt in erster Linie in den Hochdruckkanal 16. Da während der Einspritzung das Steuerventil 5 geöffnet ist, strömt auch Kraftstoff aus der Öffnung 33 über die Vertiefung 37 in die Steuerleitung 29 und von dort in den Ringraum 31 und den Steuerraum 26. Der aus der Öffnung 33 austretende Kraftstoff muss dazu jedoch eine starke Richtungsänderung vollziehen und in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel mehr als 90° von seiner ursprünglichen Strömungsrichtung abknicken, um in die Steuerleitung 29 zu strömen. Die im Kraftstoff noch vorhandenen Partikel 42 können jedoch aufgrund ihrer Trägheit diese Richtungsänderung nicht mitmachen und werden vom Kraftstoff, der in den Hochdruckkanal 16 strömt, mitgerissen und gelangen so überwiegend nicht in die Steuerleitung 29, wie die Illustration in Figur 2 zeigt. Die Partikel 42, die bis in den Druckraum 18 geschwemmt werden, werden über die Einspritzöffnungen 24 ausgespült und behindern die Funktion des Kraftstoffeinspritzventil praktisch nicht. Größere Partikel, die auch zu einer Schädigung im Düsenkörper 2 führen könnten, werden durch den Kraftstofffilter 35 zurückgehalten und gelangen so nicht bis in das Kraftstoffeinspritzventil.The control line 29 leads offset to the inlet opening 116 in the recess 37, which in FIG. 2 , an enlargement of the designated II section of the FIG. 1 is shown again. The fuel exiting the port 33 during injection of the fuel flows primarily into the high-pressure passage 16. Since the control valve 5 is opened during injection, fuel also flows from the port 33 via the recess 37 into the control line 29 and from there into the annular space 31 and the control chamber 26. The fuel exiting from the opening 33, however, must make a strong change in direction and bend in the embodiment shown more than 90 ° from its original flow direction to flow into the control line 29. However, due to their inertia, the particles 42 still present in the fuel can not take part in this change in direction and are entrained by the fuel flowing into the high-pressure passage 16 and so do not predominantly enter the control line 29, as shown in FIG FIG. 2 shows. The particles 42, which are washed up into the pressure chamber 18, are flushed out via the injection openings 24 and practically do not obstruct the function of the fuel injection valve. Larger particles, which could also lead to damage in the nozzle body 2, are retained by the fuel filter 35 and thus do not reach the fuel injection valve.

Claims (4)

  1. Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines for the injection of highly pressurized fuel, having a housing (1) which has a high-pressure connector (7) which comprises a connector body (15) which is inserted into a receptacle (30) on the housing (1), and having a duct (34) which is formed in the connector body (15) and through which fuel can flow into a high-pressure duct (16) formed in the housing, which high-pressure duct issues into the receptacle (30) and forms an inlet opening (116) there, wherein a sealing disk (32) is arranged between the connector body (15) and the receptacle (30), and having a control valve (5) which is arranged in the housing (1) and which serves for controlling the pressure in a control chamber (26), wherein the control chamber (26) is connected to the receptacle (30) via a control line (29) which is formed in the housing (1), wherein the sealing disk (32) has an opening (33) through which the fuel can flow into the high-pressure duct (16) and the control line (29), wherein the opening (33) of the sealing disk (32) is at least approximately in alignment with the inlet opening (116) of the high-pressure duct (16),
    characterized
    in that, on the base of the receptacle (30), there is formed a depression (37) into which the high-pressure duct (16) and the control line (29) issue.
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fuel that enters the control line (29) through the sealing disk (32) undergoes a change in direction by more than 90°.
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the attachment body (15) comprises a fuel filter (35) which is arranged in the duct (34) and which is flowed through by the fuel that flows through the duct (34).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the opening (33) of the sealing disk (32) has a diameter which at least approximately corresponds to the diameter of the high-pressure duct (16).
EP12812984.8A 2011-12-27 2012-12-21 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines Not-in-force EP2798194B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110089925 DE102011089925A1 (en) 2011-12-27 2011-12-27 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
PCT/EP2012/076597 WO2013098231A1 (en) 2011-12-27 2012-12-21 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

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EP2798194A1 EP2798194A1 (en) 2014-11-05
EP2798194B1 true EP2798194B1 (en) 2016-08-10

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CN (1) CN104081039B (en)
DE (1) DE102011089925A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013098231A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6245681B2 (en) * 2013-06-03 2017-12-13 ボッシュ株式会社 Fuel injection valve
EP2940287A1 (en) * 2014-05-01 2015-11-04 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Fuel injector filter
EP2940286A1 (en) * 2014-05-01 2015-11-04 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Fuel injector filter
JP2020002784A (en) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-09 ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングＲｏｂｅｒｔ Ｂｏｓｃｈ Ｇｍｂｈ Fuel injection device and fuel injection valve
US20220136473A1 (en) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 Caterpillar Inc. Filtration device for a common rail fuel injector

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2730172B2 (en) * 1989-05-09 1998-03-25 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection device
IT1276503B1 (en) * 1995-07-14 1997-10-31 Elasis Sistema Ricerca Fiat IMPROVEMENTS TO AN ELECTROMAGNETICALLY OPERATED DOSING VALVE, FOR A FUEL INJECTOR.
DE10059009A1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-05-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert fuel injection system
DE10207227A1 (en) 2002-02-21 2003-09-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
DE102006034111A1 (en) * 2006-07-24 2008-01-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Servo-valve-controlled injector for injecting fuel into cylinder combustion chambers of internal combustion engines; in particular common rail injector
DE102006045357A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-04-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lock washer for a solenoid valve

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DE102011089925A1 (en) 2013-06-27
EP2798194A1 (en) 2014-11-05
WO2013098231A1 (en) 2013-07-04
CN104081039A (en) 2014-10-01

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