EP2791422B1 - Véhicule ferroviaire avec dispositif de guidage des outils d'usinage - Google Patents

Véhicule ferroviaire avec dispositif de guidage des outils d'usinage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2791422B1
EP2791422B1 EP12839146.3A EP12839146A EP2791422B1 EP 2791422 B1 EP2791422 B1 EP 2791422B1 EP 12839146 A EP12839146 A EP 12839146A EP 2791422 B1 EP2791422 B1 EP 2791422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
rail
machining
machining unit
rotation
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EP12839146.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2791422A1 (fr
Inventor
Erich Hartl
Wolfgang NEUHOLD
Josef Zierler
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MASCHINENFABRIK LIEZEN und GIESSEREI GES MBH
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MASCHINENFABRIK LIEZEN und GIESSEREI GES MBH
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rail vehicle in which the machining tools are tracked as accurately as possible to the rail profile in order to achieve an optimal result in the post-processing.
  • the rail processing for laid railway or subway tracks is as in the patents EP 0952255 A1 mentioned known.
  • the objectives are defined in all rail machining so that at the same time a maximum removal of flaws or cracks depending on the rail condition at the lowest possible material removal, and the best possible surface quality or dimensional accuracy in relation to the longitudinal or transverse profile can be achieved. Grinding applications here are more in the range of low removal rates, milling more in the range of larger delivery depths represented.
  • the requirements in terms of machining accuracy and surface quality are always higher, especially in view of the low noise of the moving train due to the rolling noise to be minimized. This presents advanced and new challenges for the machining methods, especially with regard to the track tracking of the machining tools, in order to meet the above requirements.
  • the prior art in these patents is described in that the milling units are rail independent, i. in each case based on the position of the individual rails copying, that is on leadership roles, are forced.
  • a readjustment in 4 axes is from the WO 0058559 A known, the machining units shows, which can be readjusted relative to the rail profile in a first axis of rotation and in two linear axes, wherein in the plane of the laid rails and normal to these extending Y-axis and a normal extending in height Z-axis, the linear axes and an X-axis extending in the direction of travel forms an axis of rotation. Even with these measures, however, misalignments of the processing units with respect to the routed tracks can not be sufficiently avoided.
  • the aim of the present invention is to solve these stated disadvantages of the existing systems and the associated problems in the rail processing and to provide a device that can ensure optimum rail processing with at least four degrees of freedom by a controlled tracking of the processing tools.
  • the processing unit is rotatable in a normal to the rails extending y-axis, in a normal z-axis extending in height, about the x-axis extending in the direction of travel and about the z-axis in that a first attachment plate is rotatably mounted about the z-axis in a mount mounted in the vehicle frame, a second attachment plate is rotatably mounted about the x-axis on the first attachment plate, that the processing unit via a cross slide for the linear movement in y- and Z-axis, which is arranged on the second mounting plate, that the measuring systems offset in the direction of the x-axis but are each symmetrical to the actual processing point that on the measuring systems (20, 22) a cross-sectional analysis of the rail head with respect to actual and target geometry can be performed and that the deflection of the individual degrees of freedom over Messsy be readjusted until the measurement results of the measuring systems in a predefined tolerance range are the same.
  • the measuring system is scanned, preferably carried out by means of sliding element.
  • the measuring system can also detect the rail position optically, preferably by means of laser or camera.
  • the measuring system can detect the rail position acoustically, preferably by means of ultrasound or electrically, preferably capacitively.
  • the processing unit may represent at least one milling unit, preferably a Frässchlichtiser with a few tenths of mm delivery.
  • the processing unit can be designed as Stirnfräsaku.
  • a plurality of cutters can be arranged one behind the other, wherein in each case different rail head areas can be processed across.
  • a face finishing cutter can be arranged such that the milling cutter axis is arranged obliquely in such a way that it can be milled across the rail profile center over the front side.
  • paired end mills can be arranged on the right and left sides of the rail to be processed.
  • the cutter axes of the paired end mills can be set in a manner that can be fixed analogously to the rail inclination.
  • the milling cutters can be equipped with profiled inserts corresponding to the rail head. Particularly advantageous conditions arise when the cutter the rail head corresponding profile tolerance area in faceted tracks each have a straight indexable insert assigned.
  • the processing unit can also be designed as a grinding unit.
  • the adjustment of the processing unit can be done at least for certain movements by means of hydraulic cylinder, pneumatic cylinder, electric motor, spindle drive or racks.
  • Advantageous conditions arise when the drives at least partially against each other in the adjustment, so that backlash is given.
  • security measures such as controlled withdrawal or program smoothing of the error contour can be initiated by the information of another measuring system.
  • the processing unit can additionally be controlled by an external controller, preferably an operator.
  • the processing unit can be moved between a retraction height to the maximum infeed depth in the Z direction without losing the positioning or orientation to the rail position.
  • the processing unit and the measuring systems can be moved over the cross slide into a securable transfer position.
  • machining tools can be alternately in rest position and machining position.
  • a large and a small machining tool can be used alternately.
  • the measuring points are to the processing unit arranged symmetrically and thus rotate the orientation of the machining tool to the necessary symmetrical orientation with respect to the rail profile.
  • the lateral adjustment to the rail and the vertical adjustment to the rail head are realized here per rail via a cross slide.
  • the machining tools are preferably mechanical, abrasive tools, such as milling tools or grinding tools, preferably milling tools. Furthermore, the orientation relative to the height position of the rails is readjusted to each other via the average measurement results of the respective height adjustment associated with the two rails via a second mounting plate which is rotatably mounted on the already twisted mounting plate until the measurement results of the vertical copy between the left and the right rail again in a predetermined tolerance range are the same.
  • the processing units are now oriented towards the rail and are employed on the linear axes of the cross slide for rail head side surface or rail head surface, wherein the damping shoe rests and the actual processing unit to the rail of height in each case based on the diameter of the Machining tool coordinated retreat altitude is located.
  • This return height position is chosen so that in normal operation no collisions with a defined clearance gauge is given.
  • the processing unit is arranged via a further pivot point so that the alignment takes place in the longitudinal direction of the rail by the overlying damping shoe or support shoe.
  • the processing depth is infinitely adjustable and can thus be used for roughing or finishing applications or targeted removal.
  • the actual processing unit can thus, based on the damping or support shoe, from the withdrawal height to the max. Move the feed depth vertically.
  • a maximum milling cutter geometry depending on the clearance profile, can be used in the case of several processing tools arranged one behind the other. Depending on the interference geometry, the respective machining tool is lowered for machining or raised in the retracted position.
  • the retraction movement or adjusting movement can be controlled between, for example, two milling units in such a way that the new milling unit to be started starts machining via a flat ramp and, after a short simultaneous, overlapping machining, the returning milling unit ends the machining by a return movement with a likewise flat ramp.
  • an X, Y, Z coordinate system is set up, wherein X along the rails, Y perpendicular to the plane of the laid rails normal to these and Z normally rises in height.
  • Rotation about X (30) thus means a rotation about a parallel to the rail
  • rotation about Y (31) a rotation parallel to the axis of a rail vehicle
  • rotation about Z (32) means a turning from the direction of travel, or normal thereto.
  • This coordinate system is used for ease of understanding and refers to the axes as described, with each deviation of the axes by +/- 10 ° can result from the combination of movement in multiple axes.
  • a movement along Z means that the movement is from top to bottom or bottom to top in a cone with 10 ° opening angle; thus not strictly normal, but each can be done at an angle between 80 and 100 °.
  • This deviation of 10 ° results from the curve and angle of the rails (2) and will not be mentioned separately in the following to ensure better readability of the description.
  • a plurality of degrees of freedom can each be covered and utilized for tracking along the individual rail (2), that is to say each rail (2) can be followed independently of the other one.
  • At least 4 degrees of freedom preferably the two axes of rotation about the X (30) and the Z axis (32) and the two linear axes Y and the Z axis are covered.
  • the rotation about the Y-axis (31) and also an additional linear movement in X can be controlled.
  • This succession can be done on the one hand on the principle of an industrial robot, preferably a articulated robot, on the other hand, by other suitable combinations of linear and rotary movements.
  • the movements for the two rail tracks (2) can also be combined via a mounting plate (10, 15), in particular if the general rail quality can be improved in the interaction of the left and right rails (2).
  • the background of the necessary tracking of the rail (2) leads mentioned and described solutions with coupling of two movements respectively for the right and left rail (2).
  • a hydraulic cylinder (11) proposed in order to be braced against the cross slide (16) during processing.
  • Another possibility are appropriately dimensioned pneumatic cylinders, but also electric drives.
  • the actual feed movement of the processing unit (1 a, 1 b) is made possible by an additional adjustment in the Z direction via a further linear axis (24).
  • This linear axis (24) can in turn be moved or set up via a hydraulic cylinder (11), pneumatic cylinder, electrically, or by means of mechanical translation by a spindle drive, or a rack.
  • FIG 2 shows a schematic plan view when driving on a straight line.
  • the processing units (1 a, 1 b) are in their orientation parallel to the rail vehicle (4).
  • FIG 3 it comes when driving in a curve for rotating the processing units (1 a, 1 b) about the Z-axis (32).
  • 5 several assembly or processing positions in the longitudinal direction (position 1, 2, 3) are given.
  • position 1, 2, 3 there are different deflections required (rotation about Z-axis (32)) opposite the rail vehicle (4).
  • This movement is achieved by a rotational movement according to the invention about the Z-axis (32) by means of hydraulic cylinders (11) or via a pivot drive (12), said movement being coupled by the common mounting plate (10) for the left and right rails.
  • the pivot drive (12) can in turn be driven electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • Figure 6 is a rail vehicle (4) with three different mounting positions shown in a schematic plan view when driving in a curve, in which case clearly the different rotation of the processing units (1) to the rail vehicle (4) can be seen. Of course, this effect occurs the greater the smaller the radius of curvature of the track strands (2) to be traveled.
  • the control principle or measuring system principle for readjusting the rotational movement about the Z-axis (32) is shown schematically in Figures 7, 8 and 9. Basically, after a transfer travel of the rail vehicle (4), in which the processing units (1 a, 1 b) were moved in a safe retreat position, the rail positions below the rail vehicle (4) determined by a mechanical or optical rail search device. The axes of the cross slide (16) are moved analogously to these determined positions and the measuring systems (20, 22) applied to the rail head (2). The processing units (1 a, 1 b) are in this case opposite the shoe (17) in the vertical retraction position.
  • the measuring systems (20, 22) can be designed to be scanned so that, for example, with a sliding block (17), the actual position is determined. But it is also possible to perform the measuring systems (20, 22) optically by means of camera detection or laser. Other possibilities for detecting the positions are ultrasonic sensors or capacitive sensors.
  • Rotary movement (32) also carried out analogous adjustment of the cross slide (16) in the Y direction.
  • the average value is calculated as the control value Traversing speed indicator used between the front and rear measuring system (20), as well as the measured value of the nearer to the pivot point (32) located page copy used as an adjustment.
  • the rotational movement (32) is realized for example via hydraulic cylinder (11) or a rotary actuator (12).
  • Figure 8 shows a first minimum rotational movement about the Z-axis (32) when entering a curve. Since the measurement results deviate upon reaching the first curvature in a predetermined tolerance range, there is a rotational movement about the Z axis (32) and simultaneously by the changed average values of the measurement results of the rear and front scanning position and a different value closer to the pivot point ( 32) located to a rotation and a shift until the measurement results of the front and rear measurement points (20) in a predefined tolerance range are the same again and the average value of the measurement results or the closer to the fulcrum (32) located page copy back to the default Normal value.
  • the movement of the right and left sides is coupled via a common attachment plate (10).
  • the introduction of an additional measuring system (20, 22) as close as possible to the machining tool engagement point for adjustment of the cross slide (16) is possible.
  • the rotational movement about the Z-axis (32) is further controlled via the front and rear measuring points as described above.
  • the traversing movement in the Y direction takes place purely via the control value or the measurement result of the additional central measuring device (20, 22).
  • a further measuring system (20, 22) may also be connected upstream of the processing unit (1) in order to detect large rail defects or jolts etc. at an early stage.
  • This upstream measuring system (20, 22) can be used for various measures of the processing unit (1). This can be a controlled withdrawal of the processing unit (1), information to the operator, who of course can also control the processing system (1) externally, or an error correction stored in the controller.
  • Figures 10, 11 and 12 is the interaction of the displacement in the Y direction and the rotation about the X-axis (30) shown in a ride with a curve elevation.
  • Figure 10 represents the initial situation on the straight track (2). Via the measurement results of the height adjustment (18) the distance values between cross slide (16) and rail top edge (3) for the right and the left rail side (2) determined. On the other hand, it is ascertained via the side coverings (20) whether the cross slide (16) is still in the correct position relative to the rail inner edge. If a deviation is detected here, the process in the Y direction occurs. As a result, it can be ensured that the scanning of the vertical copy (22) is in the correct position with respect to the rail top edge.
  • the rail vehicle (4) is retracted into an elevation or twisting or twisting of the rail vehicle (4) with respect to the track strands (2).
  • this state is achieved via a pivoting movement about the X-axis about the pivot point (30) by an adjustment of the second attachment plate (15) relative to the first attachment plate (10).
  • a coupling between right and left side is again given by a common mounting plate (15).
  • the subsequent rotation about the horizontal axis (30) in the X-direction takes place until the measurement results of the height adjustment (18) are equal again in a predefined tolerance range.
  • the rotational movement (30) can in turn be effected, for example, by hydraulic cylinders (11) or a swivel drive (12).
  • Figure 13a shows, by the inventive device and associated accurate tracking of multiple processing units (1), in particular milling units along the laid track (2), the ability to make several milling units (1a, 1b) so that a plurality of milling cutters arranged one behind the other, different subregions of Edit rail head (2) so that as far as possible per router (1a) of the cutter axis normal standing rail head area is processed and thus a Stirnfrästechnologie is used, which has a great advantage in terms of ripple of the machined rail (2).
  • Figure 13b shows a processing unit (1b) as a radial processing unit with obliquely working machining axis.
  • Figure 13c shows a Radialfrästechnologie (1b) with indexable inserts in several the rail head profile (2) associated tracks.
  • Figure 13d shows an analogous to the milling profile of Figure 13b executed face milling cutter (1 a), which is designed so that the cutter axis is rotated to the rail center, that with only one end mill (1 a), the entire pre-machined contour can be smoothed.
  • the positioning and orientation of the milling cutter (1 a) to the rail profile (2) due to the longer cutter engagement of great importance which are solved by the device according to the invention.
  • Figure 13e also shows a Stirnfrästechnologie, with right and left of the rail (2) two end mill (1 a) are employed. This application can be used especially in confined spaces.
  • Figure 13f shows again a router as in Figure 13c in the embodiment with profiled cutting inserts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Véhicule ferroviaire, comprenant un cadre de véhicule (13), une unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) et un dispositif destiné au suivi de l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) le long de voies ferrées (2) de métro ou de train, posées, pour l'usinage de rail, en particulier un travail de finition mécanique du profilé de rail, l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) concernant le profilé de rail étant réglable dans au moins 4 axes et positionnable dans au moins un axe, l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) concernant le profilé de rail, étant réajustée dans un premier axe de rotation ainsi que dans deux axes linéaires, un axe Y (31) passant dans le plan des rails posés et normal par rapport à ceux-ci et un axe Z (32) passant normalement en hauteur formant les axes linéaires et un axe X (30) passant dans la direction de déplacement formant le premier axe de rotation, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) concernant le profilé de rail est réajustée dans un deuxième axe de rotation, qui est formé par l'axe Z (32), en ce qu'une première plaque de fixation (10) est disposée pouvant tourner autour de l'axe Z (32) dans un support (14) monté sur le cadre du véhicule (13), en ce qu'une deuxième plaque de fixation (15) est disposée pouvant tourner autour de l'axe X (30) au niveau de la première plaque de fixation (10), en ce que l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) dispose d'un chariot en croix (16) pour le mouvement linéaire dans les axes Y et Z (31, 32) qui est disposé au niveau de la deuxième plaque de fixation (15), en ce que des systèmes de mesure (20, 22) se trouvent décalés dans le sens de l'axe X (30), cependant, à chaque fois, symétriquement au véritable point d'usinage, en ce qu'une analyse transversale de la tête de rail (champignon) peut être réalisée par le biais des systèmes de mesure (20, 22) en ce qui concerne les géométrie théorique et réelle, et en ce que la déviation des degrés de liberté individuels peut être réajustée par le biais des systèmes de mesure (20, 22) jusqu'à ce que les résultats de mesure des systèmes de mesure (20, 22) des points de mesure (20) avant et après sont identiques dans une plage de tolérance prédéfinie.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un axe supplémentaire est réalisé autour du sens Y en tant qu'axe de rotation (31).
  3. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un axe de translation supplémentaire est réalisé pour le mouvement de l'unité de fraisage dans l'axe X (30).
  4. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins dans un degré de liberté, le mouvement de l'outil d'usinage (1, 1 a, 1 b) droit et gauche est couplé.
  5. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) est disposée pouvant pivoter autour de l'axe Y (31) au niveau du chariot en croix (16).
  6. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une autre unité de mesure (20, 22) est placée en amont de l'unité d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b), afin de pouvoir identifier plus tôt un défaut de rail plus important.
  7. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement de positionnement s'effectue par le biais d'un axe linéaire supplémentaire, réglable, dans la direction Z (24) entre l'unité d'usinage (1, 1 a, 1 b) individuelle et le système de mesure (20, 22).
  8. Dispositif selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le suivi de l'outil d'usinage (1, 1a, 1b) s'effectue au niveau du rail (1, 1a, 1b) au moyen d'un robot à bras articulé qui est fixé au niveau du véhicule ferroviaire (4).
EP12839146.3A 2011-12-12 2012-12-10 Véhicule ferroviaire avec dispositif de guidage des outils d'usinage Active EP2791422B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA1814/2011A AT512270B1 (de) 2011-12-12 2011-12-12 Vorrichtung zur schienenbearbeitung mittels gesteuerter nachführung der bearbeitungswerkzeuge
PCT/AT2012/000310 WO2013086547A1 (fr) 2011-12-12 2012-12-10 Dispositif d'usinage de rail avec suivi commandé des outils d'usinage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2791422A1 EP2791422A1 (fr) 2014-10-22
EP2791422B1 true EP2791422B1 (fr) 2017-07-19

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EP12839146.3A Active EP2791422B1 (fr) 2011-12-12 2012-12-10 Véhicule ferroviaire avec dispositif de guidage des outils d'usinage

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP2791422B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104114769B (fr)
AT (1) AT512270B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013086547A1 (fr)

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WO2022135814A2 (fr) 2020-12-22 2022-06-30 Schweerbau International Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif et procédé pour rectifier un profil

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AT515805B1 (de) * 2014-07-29 2015-12-15 Rungger Helmut Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Vorrichtung zum Nachbearbeiten der Lauffläche von Gleisschienen
CN106988175B (zh) * 2017-03-22 2018-09-07 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 一种在线式钢轨激光加工车
AT520384B1 (de) * 2017-11-21 2019-03-15 Maschf Liezen Und Giesserei Ges M B H Bearbeitungsvorrichtung für Schienenanlagen im urbanen Bereich
CN111188233A (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-05-22 唐山昆铁科技有限公司 智能化钢轨修整打磨设备
CN111851177B (zh) * 2020-07-28 2021-11-12 黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司 一种城际高速铁路检修设备
CN112676623B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2023-03-24 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 一种涡轮增压器叶轮的免干涉定向铣削方法
CN114132355B (zh) * 2021-12-03 2023-05-26 山东东铁动力科技有限公司 用于侧导向轨道运行车辆的牵引救援车及其导向前进方法
DE202024102080U1 (de) 2023-05-11 2024-05-07 Schweerbau International Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur materialabtragenden Bearbeitung einer in einem Gleisbett verlegten Schiene

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EP2791422A1 (fr) 2014-10-22
AT512270B1 (de) 2014-08-15
AT512270A1 (de) 2013-06-15
WO2013086547A1 (fr) 2013-06-20
CN104114769B (zh) 2016-09-07
CN104114769A (zh) 2014-10-22

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