EP2780920B1 - Interrupteur pour courant fort - Google Patents

Interrupteur pour courant fort Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2780920B1
EP2780920B1 EP12751004.8A EP12751004A EP2780920B1 EP 2780920 B1 EP2780920 B1 EP 2780920B1 EP 12751004 A EP12751004 A EP 12751004A EP 2780920 B1 EP2780920 B1 EP 2780920B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
fixed contacts
current switch
bridges
contact bridges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12751004.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2780920A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Von Prondzinski
Jens Knebel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaltbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Schaltbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaltbau GmbH filed Critical Schaltbau GmbH
Priority to PL12751004T priority Critical patent/PL2780920T3/pl
Publication of EP2780920A1 publication Critical patent/EP2780920A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2780920B1 publication Critical patent/EP2780920B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/502—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position the action of the contact pressure spring becoming active only after engagement of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2025—Bridging contacts comprising two-parallel bridges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/40—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using friction, toothed, or screw-and-nut gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/14—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch
    • H01H31/24—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with bridging contact that is not electrically connected to either line contact in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable bridging contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2025—Bridging contacts comprising two-parallel bridges
    • H01H2001/2033—Bridging contacts comprising two-parallel bridges with a contact bridge on both opposite sides of a fixed contact pair, each contact bridge being moved to close or open the circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2227/00—Dimensions; Characteristics
    • H01H2227/032—Operating force
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/24—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using pneumatic or hydraulic actuator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high current switch according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • Such a switch comprises a first fixed contact and a second fixed contact spaced from the first fixed contact. Further, a relative to the two fixed contacts movable contact bridge and a springless trained delivery device are provided to transfer the contact bridge of an open position of the switch, in which the two fixed contacts are not connected to each other, in a closed position in which the contact bridge, the two fixed contacts connects electrically with each other. The feed device is further provided to press the contact bridge in the closed position against the two fixed contacts.
  • switches can be divided into two fundamentally different designs.
  • the contact bridge is moved during the switching process by means of a suitable feed device on the two fixed contacts until touching the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts and the contact surfaces of the contact bridge and firmly abut each other.
  • the contact bridge is usually spring actuated or even formed itself as a spring.
  • the dimensioning of the contact bridge influenced just when the contact bridge is designed as a spring, quite significantly the thermally possible continuous current of the switch. If a short-circuit occurs in these switches in the switched circuit, a current with a current intensity which is significantly above the thermally possible continuous current of the switch flows for a short time until the fuse is triggered.
  • New high-current applications call for switches that allow a continuous thermal current of about 800 amperes and are suitable for surge currents up to 85 kA or more. These requirements are currently only grown so-called blade contact switch.
  • a usually wedge-shaped contact blade is pressed into a correspondingly wedge-shaped receptacle of the fixed contact.
  • Knife contact switches are often designed so that the knife, so the contact bridge is rotatably connected to one of the two fixed contacts and is pressed only in a corresponding receptacle of the second fixed contact.
  • knife contact switches both very high continuous thermal currents and very high dynamic current surges can be switched. Due to the fact that the blade is pressed in during the switch-on process and the contacts are pulled apart during the switch-off process, friction causes relatively high wear. Compared with switches of the former design, blade contact switches have a comparatively short life.
  • a switch of the type mentioned is in DE 10 2006 008480 B4 as described in the prior art.
  • This document also mentions the problem that, in particular with high current pulses and the resulting lifting of the contact bridge, arcing may occur, which destroy both the fixed contacts and the movable contact bridge.
  • the DE 10 2006 008480 B4 Therefore proposes to design the contact bridge U-shaped or pot-shaped, wherein the contact bridge in the on state encloses projections of the two fixed contacts projecting at right angles.
  • the extensions of the two fixed contacts are resilient and press in the on state from the inside outwards against the cup-shaped contact bridge. Magnetic fields generated by current pulses amplify this Construction of the contact pressure between fixed contacts and contact bridge. A lifting of the contact bridge is thus avoided.
  • Out DE 1540490 A1 is a pressure gas insulated high voltage switchgear known.
  • the mechanism for actuating the contact bridge of the switchgear is designed in the manner of a lift. The actuation takes place by means of a spindle drive.
  • the AT 143521 B describes a high-current switch, which has two contact bridges between which the fixed contacts are located. Both contact bridges are equipped with contact pressure springs.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a high-current switch, which is suitable for continuous thermal currents of about 800 amperes and surge currents up to about 85 kA and at the same time has a long service life.
  • Contact bridges and delivery device are thus sufficiently rigid to transmit the required high contact forces, which prevent lifting of the contact bridge at high surge currents with currents up to about 85 kA. Due to the lowest natural frequency of the system according to the invention consisting of contact bridges and delivery device of at least 2000 Hz ensures that a resonance catastrophe can not occur. Possible excitation sequences are in conceivable applications below 2000 Hz.
  • the entire system consisting of contact bridges and delivery device is to be regarded as rigid and thus as a springless. This does not mean that individual parts of the feed device or of the contact bridges, which are not directly involved in the transmission, can not also have lower stiffness values. For example, washers that can be installed in certain assemblies of the delivery device or the contact bridges. In the high-current switch according to the invention, the application of particularly large contact forces is possible.
  • the two contact bridges are pressed with the same force against the fixed contacts, so that the resulting force on the storage of the two fixed contacts goes to zero.
  • the fixed contacts must therefore not be stored very stable in the housing of the high-current switch. Destruction of the switch due to particularly high contact pressure is thus avoided.
  • the feed device is dimensioned such that the contact bridges in the closed position are each pressed with a force of at least 500 N on the two fixed contacts. This avoids lifting of the contact bridge at surge currents of more than 35 kA.
  • the feed device comprises a spindle drive to transfer the contact bridges from the open position to the closed position and to press in the manner of a screw on the fixed contacts.
  • a spindle of the spindle drive is rotatably mounted on a housing of the high-current switch, wherein the spindle is arranged between the two fixed contacts and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the contact bridges.
  • the spindle is arranged between the two fixed contacts and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the contact bridges.
  • only one spindle is required to produce a uniformly distributed contact force on both fixed contacts. This structure is particularly simple and also allows a cost-effective production.
  • the spindle has two opposing threads, wherein the opposing threads are each in engagement with one of the two contact bridges.
  • two contact bridges can be brought from an open position, in which the two contact bridges do not touch the fixed contacts, into a closed position in which the two contact bridges each connect both fixed contacts to one another.
  • the two contact bridges can move towards each other on a clockwise rotation of the spindle against the fixed contacts, wherein a rotation of the spindle counterclockwise causes the two contact bridges to move away from the fixed contacts again.
  • the spindle is mounted axially displaceable on the housing under a certain play. This ensures that the two contact bridges are pressed evenly against the fixed contacts. Component tolerances can lead to one of the two contact bridges with axially non-displaceably mounted spindle, the fixed contacts during switching achieved sooner than the second contact bridge. This would mean that a bending moment acts on the fixed contacts, as a result of which the bearings of the two fixed contacts are loaded during each switching operation. This would affect the life of the switch.
  • the axial play of the spindle must of course be less than the travel of the contact bridges between the open position and the closed position.
  • At least one sliding guide exists between the contact bridge and the housing of the high-current switch. This ensures that the contact bridges can be safely and easily closed or opened.
  • the contact bridge comprises at both ends in each case a 90 ° angled sliding guide element. This results in a very precise guidance of the contact bridge allows on a corresponding component of the housing, this embodiment is also very inexpensive to implement.
  • the feed device is hydraulically driven.
  • very high pressure forces can be achieved.
  • a hydraulic feed device is also rigid in the aforementioned sense.
  • the high current switch is an AC switch, wherein the lowest natural frequency of the system consisting of contact bridges and feed device, in the direction of the pressing force is greater than the AC frequency.
  • the switch according to the preferred embodiment is designed so that the natural frequency of the system consisting of contact bridges and feed device in the direction of the pressing force is greater than the AC frequency, just this vibration excitation is avoided.
  • the contact surfaces of the fixed contacts and the contact bridges are preferably made of silver. Since silver is very soft, a very good surface contact is achieved due to the contact pressure between the fixed contacts and the contact bridge.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a high-current switch 1 according to the invention in the closed position ( FIG. 1 ) or open position ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the housing 6 of the high-current switch 1 according to the invention is shown partially open to allow an insight into the interior of the switch.
  • the switch comprises a left first fixed contact 2 and a right second fixed contact 3.
  • the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 are spaced apart from each other in the housing 6 of the switch 1, wherein in each case one end of the fixed contacts 2 and 3 protrudes from the housing 6. At this end there is in each case an electrical connection 9 in order to be able to integrate the switch 1 in the circuit to be switched.
  • each of the two contact bridges 4 comprises as a conductor a rectangular copper rod 43, at both ends of which a first contact surface 41 and a second contact surface 42 are arranged.
  • the contact surfaces 41 and 42 are only in FIG. 2 designated.
  • the FIG. 2 also shows that the first fixed contact at its lying in the interior of the housing 6 end has a contact surface 21 both on its upper side and on its underside.
  • the right second fixed contact 3 includes two such contact surfaces 31.
  • the first contact surface 41 of the two bridges 4 is flat against in each case a contact surface 21 of the first fixed contact 2.
  • the second contact surface 42 of the bridges 4 each contacts a contact surface 31 of the second fixed contact 3.
  • a spindle 5 Perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the two contact bridges 4, a spindle 5 is arranged centrally between the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 and is rotatably mounted on the housing 6.
  • the spindle 5 is provided to actuate the switch, and move the two contact bridges 4 during the switching on the fixed contacts 2 and 3 and press against each other on the fixed contacts 2 and 3 and the two contact bridges 4 during the switching operation of the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 away.
  • the spindle 5 comprises two threaded sections 51 and 52, which in each case engage with one of the two contact bridges 4 via a nut 8 permanently connected to the contact bridge 4.
  • the two threaded portions 51 and 52 are designed in opposite directions, so that a rotation of the threaded spindle 5 causes counterclockwise that the two contact bridges in the direction of the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 are moved towards each other. A clockwise rotation of the spindle 5 causes the two contact bridges to move away from each other and the connection of the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 to be released.
  • the contact bridges each comprise a sliding guide element 7 at its two ends.
  • the sliding guide element 7 is a sheet steel component which is screwed onto the copper rod 43 of the bridge 4 and protrudes at right angles at the respective end of the contact bridge 4.
  • the protruding leg of the Gleitmentselements 7 thus extends parallel to the axis of the spindle 5.
  • the protruding legs of the Gleitmentsevoke 7 are guided on Gleit Resultssblöcken 61 of the housing 6.
  • the guide surfaces of the slide blocks 61 are also parallel to the axis of the spindle fifth
  • the switch 1 according to the invention therefore has a much longer service life than comparable blade contact switches.
  • the contact surfaces 21, 31, 41 and 42 are made of silver. Silver conducts very well and is also relatively soft, resulting in a very good contact even with low contact forces between contact bridge and fixed contact.
  • the drive of the spindle 5 which may for example consist of an electric motor.
  • the spindle drive a high contact pressure can be realized even with a low motor torque, with which the contact bridges 4 are pressed onto the inner ends of the fixed contacts 2 and 3.
  • the threaded spindle 5 is mounted axially displaceable under a certain play on the housing 6 of the switch 1. As a result, the two contact bridges 4 are pressed uniformly against the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 with the switch closed.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, comprenant un premier contact fixe (2), un deuxième contact fixe (3) situé à distance du premier contact fixe, au moins un pontet de contact (4) mobile par rapport aux deux contacts fixes, et comprenant un dispositif de déplacement conçu sans ressort, destiné à transférer le pontet de contact d'une position ouverte, dans laquelle les deux contacts fixes ne sont pas reliés l'un à l'autre, à une position fermée dans laquelle le pontet de contact relie électriquement les deux contacts fixes l'un à l'autre, le dispositif de déplacement étant par ailleurs prévu pour presser le pontet de contact contre les deux contacts fixes, dans la position fermée, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus deux pontets de contact (4) mobiles, en ce que les deux contacts fixes sont agencés, chacun respectivement à une extrémité des pontets de contact, entre les deux pontets de contact, et en ce que le dispositif de déplacement est configuré pour transférer les deux pontets de contact d'une position ouverte, dans laquelle les deux contacts fixes ne sont pas reliés l'un à l'autre, à une position fermée dans laquelle les deux contacts fixes sont reliés électriquement l'un à l'autre par les deux pontets de contact, en ce que les pontets de contact, dans la position fermée, sont pressés par le dispositif de déplacement, l'un envers l'autre contre les contacts fixes, en ce que la rigidité des pontets de contact et du dispositif de déplacement dans la direction de pressage ou de compression, correspond à une valeur d'au moins 50.000 kNmm2, et en ce que la fréquence propre la plus basse du système constitué des pontets de contact et du dispositif de déplacement, est supérieure à 2.000 Hz dans la direction de la force de pressage ou de compression.
  2. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déplacement est dimensionné de manière à ce que les pontets de contact, dans la position fermée, soient pressés chacun respectivement avec une force d'au moins 500 N sur les deux contacts fixes.
  3. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déplacement comprend un entraînement à vis pour transférer les pontets de contact de la position ouverte à la position fermée, et les presser sur les contacts fixes à la manière d'un serre-joint à vis.
  4. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une vis (5) de l'entraînement à vis est montée en rotation dans un boitier (6) de l'interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, la vis étant agencée entre les deux contacts fixes et perpendiculairement à l'étendue longitudinale des pontets de contact.
  5. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la vis (5) présente deux filetages (51, 52) de sens opposé, les filetages de sens opposé étant en prise chacune respectivement avec l'un des deux pontets de contact.
  6. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la vis (5) est montée de manière axialement coulissante, selon un certain jeu, dans le boitier (6).
  7. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'entre le pontet de contact (4) et le boitier (6) de l'interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, est réalisé au moins un guidage par glissement.
  8. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le pontet de contact (4) comporte, aux deux extrémités, respectivement un élément de guidage par glissement (7) coudé de 90°.
  9. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de déplacement est entraîné par voie hydraulique.
  10. Interrupteur (1) pour courant élevé, selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il s'agit d'un interrupteur à courant alternatif, la fréquence propre la plus basse du système constitué des pontets de contact et du dispositif de déplacement étant supérieure à la fréquence du courant alternatif, dans la direction de la force de pressage ou de compression.
EP12751004.8A 2011-11-18 2012-08-10 Interrupteur pour courant fort Not-in-force EP2780920B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12751004T PL2780920T3 (pl) 2011-11-18 2012-08-10 Przełącznik wysokoprądowy

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110118894 DE102011118894B3 (de) 2011-11-18 2011-11-18 Hochstromschalter
PCT/EP2012/003430 WO2013071987A1 (fr) 2011-11-18 2012-08-10 Interrupteur pour courant fort

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2780920A1 EP2780920A1 (fr) 2014-09-24
EP2780920B1 true EP2780920B1 (fr) 2015-10-14

Family

ID=46750276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12751004.8A Not-in-force EP2780920B1 (fr) 2011-11-18 2012-08-10 Interrupteur pour courant fort

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20140353136A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2780920B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5935194B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140093718A (fr)
CN (1) CN104170039A (fr)
AU (1) AU2012339237B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014011926A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2855813A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011118894B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2553858T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN2014CN04399A (fr)
PL (1) PL2780920T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2583763C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013071987A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201403949B (fr)

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KR20120127851A (ko) * 2011-05-16 2012-11-26 현대중공업 주식회사 가스절연 개폐장치
DE102016214368B4 (de) * 2016-08-03 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kontaktanordnung für ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät sowie dessen Verwendung und Herstellung
WO2019181469A1 (fr) 2018-03-20 2019-09-26 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Coupe-circuit
CN108933065A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2018-12-04 国网山东省电力公司滨州市沾化区供电公司 一种直流断路器分闸结构
DE102019209745B4 (de) * 2019-07-03 2021-02-11 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltsystem und Schutzschalter
NL2027363B1 (en) * 2021-01-21 2022-08-05 Spirit Aerosys Inc Resistance welding methods and apparatus
CN112786340B (zh) * 2021-02-03 2023-05-12 国网山西省电力公司长治供电公司 一种高压户外隔离开关触头
CN115910638B (zh) * 2022-09-07 2023-11-14 中国科学院电工研究所 一种大电流回路通断转换机构
CN115692050B (zh) * 2022-09-07 2023-08-15 中国科学院电工研究所 一种脉冲大电流开关装置的开关机构
CN115798948B (zh) * 2022-09-07 2023-11-14 中国科学院电工研究所 一种脉冲大电流回路通断转换装置

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JPH02131217U (fr) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-31
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2553858T3 (es) 2015-12-14
AU2012339237B2 (en) 2015-02-19
JP5935194B2 (ja) 2016-06-15
IN2014CN04399A (fr) 2015-09-04
BR112014011926A2 (pt) 2017-05-30
US20140353136A1 (en) 2014-12-04
AU2012339237A1 (en) 2014-06-19
CN104170039A (zh) 2014-11-26
PL2780920T3 (pl) 2016-03-31
EP2780920A1 (fr) 2014-09-24
DE102011118894B3 (de) 2013-01-31
RU2583763C2 (ru) 2016-05-10
KR20140093718A (ko) 2014-07-28
CA2855813A1 (fr) 2013-05-23
ZA201403949B (en) 2015-08-26
JP2015502004A (ja) 2015-01-19
RU2014121678A (ru) 2015-12-27
WO2013071987A1 (fr) 2013-05-23

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