EP2778387A1 - Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine - Google Patents

Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2778387A1
EP2778387A1 EP13159249.5A EP13159249A EP2778387A1 EP 2778387 A1 EP2778387 A1 EP 2778387A1 EP 13159249 A EP13159249 A EP 13159249A EP 2778387 A1 EP2778387 A1 EP 2778387A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature shaft
abutment device
bush
electrical machine
commutator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13159249.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2778387B1 (de
Inventor
Manikandan Manickam
Julius Georgemannan
Mathew Christopher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to EP13159249.5A priority Critical patent/EP2778387B1/de
Priority to CN201410097994.3A priority patent/CN104047788B/zh
Publication of EP2778387A1 publication Critical patent/EP2778387A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2778387B1 publication Critical patent/EP2778387B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/006—Assembling or mounting of starting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
    • F02N15/046—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer of the planetary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/28—Control for reducing torsional vibrations, e.g. at acceleration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing and/or mounting an electrical machine, in particular a starting mechanism as a starter, for starting a combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular to a starting mechanism as a starter, for starting a combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • the present invention starts out from a System having a starting mechanism or a starter for starting a combustion engine, in particular for motor and/or utility vehicles according to the generic term of the independent claims
  • Object of the present invention are starters and starting mechanisms for vehicles having combustion engines comprising an electrical machine having an anchor and a commutator/collector, wherein the anchor has an anchor shaft and a corresponding anchor bearing.
  • Starter motors having a starting relay for vehicles with combustion engines are well known from prior art.
  • Such starter motors comprise generally a direct current electric motor for starting the combustion engine.
  • Starting mechanisms known from prior art comprise a free wheel gear(-box) having a rotatable pinion, which is supported with clearance.
  • Corresponding starters for passenger cars and utility vehicles are well known.
  • Starter motors are items of mass production which are not used continuously, but only occasionally, that is, when an internal combustion engine is to be started. Consequently, the production of starter motors is frequently not subject to close tolerance manufacturing processes, since the motor should be inexpensive to make.
  • the operating conditions under which the motor has to function require only highly intermittent duty applications, however, a very high degree of reliability.
  • the usual type of starter motor has a shaft on which an armature is positioned, the windings of which are connected to a commutator. In manufacture, it is frequently difficult to compensate for tolerances of the armature assembly - that is, shaft, armature structure and commutator - and particularly the longitudinal extent of the armature assembly in relation to the frame structure of the starter motor.
  • the commutator bearing is formed with a projecting abutment, extending towards the commutator.
  • the length of all the parts and components which influence axial tolerances is measured, and then a compensating disc is selected, the thickness of which permits only the desired longitudinal excursion of the commutator shaft but no more.
  • This overall length which has to be measured is the distance between the commutator bearing and the motor support bearing opposite the commutator, usually an intermediate bearing, which, in turn, is dependent on the length of the housing of the motor.
  • the length of the housing of the motor is subject to tolerances.
  • the distance from the abutment surface or edge on the motor housing to the matching abutment at the inside of the commutator bearing must be determined, considering, additionally, such sealing elements as may be provided, as well as the overall length of the shaft of the starter.
  • a compensating or spacer disc or washer is then selected which is placed between the commutator bearing and the end of the drive shaft; after this insertion, the starter is completely assembled together.
  • Starter motors have thus axial play for the free rotation of Armature. Basically this axial play distance will be derived from dimension and tolerances of other sub assembly components like drive end shield, planetary gear train, pole housing, commutator end shield and brush holder.
  • the axial play is found to be between 0.05 to 1.75 mm. It is necessary to maintain the desired axial play in the starter motor to avoid functional problems like brush wear, commutator end shield failure, bush displacement in the commutator end shield, planetary gear failure and problem of noise. If the axial play is more, the starter could present functional problems as noise, loss of power and also loss of function.
  • There are some methods used previously to maintain the desired axial play by using individual shims depends the variation in axial play and split washer positioned in armature shaft groove and placed between commutator bush and brush plate.
  • the motor has a drive shaft rotatable mounted at a bearing in a starter housing.
  • a longitudinal clearance compensator is provided for reduction of an axial clearance, and comprises a spring fixing element that holds the shaft opposite to a housing component in a defined axial position.
  • the fixing element is arranged in a region of the bearing.
  • the fixing element causes force, which pulls the shaft with a commutator toward to a bearing cap.
  • the fixing element is designed as a ring connection plate in a disk shape.
  • the electric machine and the method for mounting an electric machine having the features of the corresponding main claim or of the independent claims compared to the prior art have the advantages that by having a method for manufacturing and/or mounting an electrical machine, in particular a starting mechanism as a starter, for starting a combustion engine, comprising an armature shaft, which is at one end floating mounted in an commutator bearing, comprising the steps: moving an armature shaft section, defined by an armature shaft shoulder, into the commutator bearing, so that said armature shaft section at least partly protrudes from the commutator bearing, wherein an abutment device is arranged at and/or on said armature shaft section and is abutted against one side of the commutator bearing and said armature shaft is moved against and relatively to said abutment device, until a desired axial play between said first armature shaft shoulder and said commutator bearing is reached, an axial play of the armature shaft is fixed to a desired value.
  • Starter motors have an axial play for the free rotation of an armature shaft. Basically this axial play distance will be derived from dimension and tolerances of other subassembly components like a drive end shield or bearing shield, a planetary gear train, a pole housing, a commutator end shield or housing cover and/or a brush holder.
  • the axial play according to prior art may vary between 0.05 to 1.75 mm.
  • the desired axial play in the starter motor is fixed to a give value to avoid functional problems like brush wear, commutator end shield failure, bush displacement in the commutator end shield, planetary gear failure and problems of noise.
  • the invention provides that the axial play is out of the desired range so that the starter does not present functional problems as noise, loss of power and also loss of function.
  • the lifetime of the brush wear is improved by fixing the axial play of armature shaft to the desired value, in particular between 0.20 to 0.6 mm, by maintaining a bush seating distance of armature shaft on the commutator end shield side. With this the brush wear is minimized, the power loss during lifetime is minimized, commutator end shield failure is prevented, bush displacement in commutator end shield and/or Planetary gear failure is prevented and noise is minimized.
  • moving the abutment device is in opposite direction to moving the armature shaft and/or the armature shaft shoulder.
  • the commutator bearing comprises a collar in which a bush is press fitted.
  • a first armature shaft section is seated in the bush wherein another armature shaft section of the back end protrudes from this bush.
  • second armature shaft section which has a diameter smaller than the armature shaft section seated in the bush, the abutment device is seated and/or guided.
  • the abutment device is moved along the second armature shaft section until it reaches the commutator bearing that is the bush.
  • a side of the abutment device facing towards the bush is arranged flush with the corresponding side of the bush.
  • the armature shaft is moved towards the abutment device until a desired axial play is reached.
  • the armature shaft has a stop surface.
  • the stop surface is formed by a second armature shaft shoulder which defines the second armature shaft section.
  • This second armature shaft shoulder abuts against the abutment device and thus the second shoulder is arranged flush with the abutment device and the corresponding size of the bush or commutator bearing.
  • the movement of the abutment device is in one direction towards the bush.
  • the movement of the armature shaft is in the opposite direction towards the bush.
  • axial moving said abutment device and/or said armature shaft shoulder is realized by rotating said armature shaft.
  • the axial movement of the abutment device along the armature shaft and/or the axial movement of said armature shaft towards the abutment device may be done in various ways, for example by a translational movement.
  • the abutment device and the armature shaft are coupled, in particular by a screw joint.
  • the second armature shaft section comprises a threaded part on which a corresponding part of the abutment device, a nut device is arranged. By rotation the armature shaft the nut device is moved on the threaded part towards the bush.
  • rotating of the abutment device is blocked by an anti-rotating device.
  • the anti-rotating device is temporarily arranged until the desired axial play is fixed. After mounting the abutment device and fixing the axial play the anti-rotating device is removed so the abutment device may follow the rotational movement of the armature shaft during operation without dissolving.
  • the electrical machine according to the present invention having the features of the corresponding main claim or of the dependent claims compared to the prior art has the advantages that by having an electrical machine, in particular a starting mechanism as a starter, for starting a combustion engine, comprising an armature shaft, which is at one end floating mounted in an commutator bearing, comprising at least one armature shaft section defined by an armature shaft shoulder, at least partly protruding from the commutator bearing, wherein means for performing the method according to any of the proceeding claims are provided, for realizing a desired axial play between the first armature shaft shoulder and the commutator bearing, an desired axial play can be securely fixed.
  • the armature shaft comprises a first armature shaft section having a second armature shaft section.
  • the electrical machine is in one embodiment a starting mechanism as a starter.
  • the starter comprises an electro motor having a rotor and a stator.
  • the starter further comprises an armature shaft, driving shaft or anchor shaft, which is float-mounted.
  • the armature shaft In radial direction the armature shaft is supported by a bush, in particular a bush made by sintering.
  • the bush circumferential supports the armature shaft.
  • the armature shaft is limited by said abutment device.
  • the abutment device abuts against the bush, which is preferably press-fitted into a cover of the starter.
  • the bush and/or the cover form the commutator bearing.
  • the cover has a collar in which the bush is press-fitted.
  • the armature shaft protrudes from the commutator bearing with a back end.
  • the back end comprises a first armature shaft section, defined by a first armature shaft shoulder, and a second armature shaft section, defined by a second armature shaft shoulder.
  • the first armature shaft section corresponds to the bush.
  • the second armature shaft section has a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the first armature shaft section. Fixing the armature shaft in axial direction is realized by the abutment device.
  • the abutment device comprises a nut.
  • the abutment device further comprises a washer, arranged next to the nut and the bush.
  • the second armature shaft section comprises a threaded section corresponding to thread of the nut. The nut is screwed on the second armature shaft section.
  • said means comprise an abutment device moveable coupled to the protruding armature shaft section. More precisely the abutment device or rather the nut is arranged on the threaded part of the second armature shaft section for a screw-motion.
  • said abutment device comprises a screw coupling having at least one threaded nut and at least one corresponding threaded section or threaded part or portion formed at said armature shaft section.
  • said commutator bearing comprises a bush surrounding said armature shaft section.
  • the bush is made by sintering. Further the bush is press-fitted into a collar of the cover thus forming the commutator bearing.
  • said abutment device has an outer dimension being greater than an internal dimension of said bush so that said abutment device abuts against said bush at least in a ready for use status.
  • the washer of the abutment device has a greater outer dimension. The washer is in axial direction situated between the bush and the nut. When axial moving the nut towards the bush without axial moving the armature shaft the washer is clamped between the nut and the bush.
  • said armature shaft comprises a second armature shaft section defined by a second armature shaft shoulder.
  • This second armature shaft comprises the threaded part or section on which the nut is screwed.
  • the washer is arranged between the second armature shaft shoulder and the nut.
  • At least one anti-rotation device is at least temporarily provided so that said abutment device is blocked against any rotational movement during mounting said abutment device and/or said armature shaft.
  • the nut is screwed on the second armature shaft section by rotating the armature shaft. Therefore the armature shaft comprises a torx at its front face.
  • the anti-rotation device preferably is arranged in a corresponding accommodation in the cover. The anti-rotation device has a through going hole to permit admission to the torx.
  • the anti-rotation device is placed in and/or at a through going hole of the cover to engage with the nut and the cover is mounted by screws to the housing of the starter. Then by rotating the armature shaft by means of a torx and a corresponding tool the nut moves on the second armature shaft section towards the bush. When reaching the bush during further rotation of the armature shaft the armature shaft will be drawn to the bush. This axial movement of the armature shaft while rotating the armature shaft stops when the second armature shaft shoulder reaches the abutment device. There might be some glue or other means for preventing dissolving of the nut. After ending axial movement of the abutment device and the armature shaft the anti-rotating device is removed and the cover or rather the through going hole is close by an end cap.
  • the improvement comprises an abutment device 130 having a washer 132, a nut 131 and further a provision for the nut 131, that is a threaded portion 123 in the armature shaft 17 that together control the axial play AP of the armature to the desired value. Further a plastic cap 140 is provided to cover the rotational parts and to avoid water ingress. There is an additional anti-rotating device 150 that is a fixture tool to hold the nut 131 for tightening.
  • the washer 132 and the nut 131 hold the armature shaft 17 in position with the desired value of axial play AP against the bush 122 and/or bus length BL in the commutator end shield 13.
  • the desired axial play AP is the dimensional difference between the bush seating distance, that is the axial length of the first armature shaft section 17b and the bush length BL , the former being the higher value.
  • the assembly fixture tool that is the anti-rotating device 150 is placed in the commuter end shield 13 to arrest the rotation of the nut 131 during mounting.
  • the provision or accommodation 13b to locate the fixture tool is provided in the commutator end shield.
  • the armature shaft is screwed by using the torx 118for screwing at the end of armature shaft 17. By intend rotation of the armature shaft 17 moves the nut 131 till it reaches the surface of bush 122 placed in the commutator end shield 13.
  • the armature shaft 17 shifts towards the commutator end shield side till the armature shaft 17 face or rather the second armature shaft shoulder 117c reaches the washer face.
  • the washer 132 and the nut 131 are locked with the armature shaft 17 and the resultant gap between the commutator end shield bush 122 and the armature shaft 17 (shoulder 117b) is the desired axial play AP.
  • the fixture tool is removed and the starter motor is closed at the commutator end shield side by the plastic cap 140 and glued.
  • the axial play AP achieved is as the desired value for which the bush seating distance (axial length of the first armature shaft section 17b) of the armature shaft 17 is designed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
EP13159249.5A 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine Active EP2778387B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13159249.5A EP2778387B1 (de) 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine
CN201410097994.3A CN104047788B (zh) 2013-03-14 2014-03-13 电机以及用于制造和/或装配电机的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13159249.5A EP2778387B1 (de) 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2778387A1 true EP2778387A1 (de) 2014-09-17
EP2778387B1 EP2778387B1 (de) 2018-04-25

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EP13159249.5A Active EP2778387B1 (de) 2013-03-14 2013-03-14 Elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung und/oder Montage einer elektrischen Maschine

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EP (1) EP2778387B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104047788B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3062176A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-27 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Demarreur de moteur thermique muni d'un arbre d'induit maintenu en translation
JP2020180571A (ja) * 2019-04-24 2020-11-05 株式会社デンソー 直流モータ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3216448A1 (de) * 1982-05-03 1983-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Andrehvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4932273A (en) * 1987-12-26 1990-06-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Starter for an internal combustion engine
JP2007006643A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Denso Corp 電動機
DE102009027859A1 (de) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit kommutatorseitigem Lager
EP2390493A2 (de) * 2010-05-25 2011-11-30 Robert Bosch GmbH Startermotor in einem Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102011081181A1 (de) * 2011-08-18 2013-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Andrehvorrichtung und Verfahren hierfür

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006024922B4 (de) * 2005-05-30 2016-04-28 Denso Corporation Rotierende elektrische Maschine und Anlasser

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3216448A1 (de) * 1982-05-03 1983-11-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Andrehvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen
US4932273A (en) * 1987-12-26 1990-06-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Starter for an internal combustion engine
JP2007006643A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Denso Corp 電動機
DE102009027859A1 (de) * 2009-07-21 2011-01-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit kommutatorseitigem Lager
EP2390493A2 (de) * 2010-05-25 2011-11-30 Robert Bosch GmbH Startermotor in einem Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102011081181A1 (de) * 2011-08-18 2013-02-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Andrehvorrichtung und Verfahren hierfür

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3062176A1 (fr) * 2017-01-23 2018-07-27 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Demarreur de moteur thermique muni d'un arbre d'induit maintenu en translation
JP2020180571A (ja) * 2019-04-24 2020-11-05 株式会社デンソー 直流モータ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2778387B1 (de) 2018-04-25
CN104047788A (zh) 2014-09-17
CN104047788B (zh) 2017-06-13

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