EP2762233B1 - Method and device for crushing ore material - Google Patents

Method and device for crushing ore material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2762233B1
EP2762233B1 EP14162984.0A EP14162984A EP2762233B1 EP 2762233 B1 EP2762233 B1 EP 2762233B1 EP 14162984 A EP14162984 A EP 14162984A EP 2762233 B1 EP2762233 B1 EP 2762233B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ore
crushing
elements
crushed
rotation
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2762233A1 (en
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Parviz Gharagozlu
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/22—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting ore material or rock and / or slag in particular, wherein the ore is pulverized using water in the wet process or even without the use of water in a dry process in a particularly ecological manner.
  • the grinding cylinder In such known ball mills, however, the grinding cylinder must be designed to be particularly robust in order to be able to withstand the impact of the balls on the cylinder wall without damage, as a result of which the weight of the grinding cylinders increases greatly. As a result, the operating costs and energy consumption of such ball mills are high. Furthermore, there is a high wear of the rotating grinding cylinder due to the impact of the balls on the grinding cylinder, so that after a relatively short time, both the balls and the grinding cylinder must be replaced. Moreover, it is necessary with ball mills, that the ore is ground by a separate crusher and then by one or more ball mills connected in series, in order to crush the ore in a desired manner, wherein an effective pulverization of the ore material is hardly possible.
  • ball mills are not suitable for crushing or pulverizing ore material together with slag or slag, since slag, which arises in particular during the further processing of ore as a waste product, is very brittle and has a hard structure.
  • the invention is based on the idea of providing a method and a device for comminuting ore material, wherein the device according to the invention comprises an ore feed device for feeding ore to be comminuted to a pulverizer.
  • the Pulverisier worn is at least composed of two mutually movable crushing elements, which together form at least one crushing space for the ore to be crushed that is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two crushing the ore to be crushed by at least one one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections, are provided in the comminuting elements, which are arranged in particular on the front side of one of the two comminution elements and which accelerate the ore to be comminuted by the rotation of one of the two comminution elements thereby comminuting, wherein at least one of the comminuting elements has a rising circular ramp area as part of the comminuting space, - through which the ore to be comminuted and /
  • the ore is pulverized on the one hand by the direct action of one of the two comminution elements and on the other hand the ore material Advantageously pulverized by the fact that in the crushing space ore material with different direction of movement and different speed of movement due to the rotation of the accelerating elements, wherein the projections or recesses of the accelerating elements, in particular by the oblique relative to the end face angle range the ore to be crushed away from the angular range in the direction of the other Crushing element or accelerated towards the crushing space, so that a coincidence of this different accelerated ore material for a pulverization by a so-called micro-impact of ore material provides.
  • the result is an acceleration of the ore to be comminuted in a particularly simple manner due to the rotation or the different relative speeds of the two comminuting elements.
  • the two crushing elements may rotate in opposite directions, or one crushing element is fixed, and the other crushing element rotates to achieve relative movement between the two crushing elements.
  • the acceleration elements or the projections act on the ore to be comminuted such that ore to be crushed is moved away from the acceleration elements or projections or recesses with an oblique angle range such that a portion of the ore to be comminuted by the Protrusions in the direction of the other crushing element or in the direction of the crushing space is accelerated and meet there with other parts of the ore to be crushed to form a micro-impulse, since the different accelerated parts of the ore in the crushing space between the two crushing elements to form a micro-impulse meet and so
  • the micro-impact between differently accelerated parts of the ore provides for a particularly advantageous pulverization.
  • the ore to be comminuted is accelerated by the acceleration elements in that they have an oblique region or angle region in the form of projections or recesses which, due to the rotation of the comminuting element, have a defined angle between the end surface of the comminuting element and due to the rotation of the comminuting element forms a rotating acceleration element, thereby characterized in the crushing chamber a particularly advantageous micro-impact between the ore accelerated by the accelerating elements and an ore with another relative speed or a another acceleration direction to form a micro-impulse and thereby ensures a particularly advantageous pulverization in the crushing space.
  • the pulverized ore After pulverization in the crushing space between the two crushing elements, the pulverized ore is conveyed from the center of outward rotation, in particular due to centrifugal force and gravitational force, into a space provided between the two crushing elements and / or at least one of the two crushing elements.
  • the pulverized ore passes from the intermediate space to an outlet device, in which case it is collected by means of the outlet device, for example due to gravity, or is sucked off through the outlet device in order to discharge the pulverized ore from the device according to the invention.
  • the ore Due to the collision of the ore to be comminuted with the accelerating elements and the further micro-impact between the differently accelerated ore in the crushing space, the ore is pulverized in a particularly effective manner, in contrast to known devices, the pulverization in a short time and in a crushing chamber with low Dimensioning takes place, which means that the device according to the invention has only small dimensions in its dimensions. As a result, the dimensions and in particular the wall thicknesses of the rotating and possibly also fixed crushing elements are low, and accordingly only a small amount of wear occurs and a high degree of efficiency is achieved.
  • Another significant advantage of the device according to the invention and the The inventive method is that a pre-crushing of the ore obtained from mining is not required and thus the device according to the invention not only the known ball mills, but also corresponding devices for pre-crushing ore material replaced, which may be constructed in particular from two mutually rotating rollers.
  • the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention make it possible to comminute and pulverize slag per se or together with ore material, since due to the small dimensioning of the comminuting space and the relatively small sized comminution elements with a corresponding rotation of high forces on the crushing ore material or act on the slag to be crushed and thereby effective pulverization takes place. Due to the rotation, which due to the dimensions 100 to about 2000 revolutions per minute of a crushing element can also be effectively powdered slag, which is very brittle and has a hard structure.
  • the acceleration elements which are attached to both the one comminution element and the other comminution element, provide a particularly effective micro-impact due to their different relative speeds, in particular if the acceleration elements of the one and the other comminution element are aligned with each other such that the ore elements to be comminuted in each case be accelerated by the accelerating elements of the one and the other crushing element substantially in opposite directions, thereby the collision of these oppositely accelerated ore elements particularly positive effects and leads to a rapid and effective pulverization of the ore material.
  • the two crushing elements are constructed by a fixed fixed element and a rotating rotary member, wherein the solid element has substantially in its center a feed opening for supplying the ore to be crushed, and wherein the two crushing elements in a Housing are housed, which comprises the outlet device, in particular in the form of an outlet opening.
  • the rotary member is at least relative to the fixed element by means of a motor set in rotation, wherein between the fixed element and the rotary member of the crushing space is formed by corresponding recesses acting as acceleration elements in at least the rotary member and Are provided or the solid element, so that the ore is pulverized by the relative movement between the fixed element and the rotary member.
  • the recesses in the front of the crushing elements are a particularly simple design to accelerate the ore to be crushed.
  • the recesses can also form corresponding projections, wherein in particular both in the recesses and in the projections, an angular range is particularly advantageous, which is formed between the outer face of the crushing elements and the recesses, since this angular range can be made obliquely such that the Rotation of the crushing element provides for an effective power transmission to the ore to be accelerated.
  • the comminuting space between the fixed element and the rotary element is designed to taper outwards in a substantially conically tapering manner from the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • the rotation of the rotary member by a gear or an adjustable belt drive is variable, so that the engine can be driven in each case with optimized operating parameters.
  • the rotating element has a ramp area with increasing pitch as part of the comminution space through which the ore and / or in particular slag to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted, in addition to the protrusions or recesses, an advantageous comminution of ore and / or slag can be achieved be done with the rotation of the rotary member different cross section of the ramp area. It is particularly advantageous if the ramp region is provided in the transport direction of the ore material and / or the slag after the feed opening of the fixed element and before the projections and / or recesses of the two comminution elements in order to pre-comminute before pulverization to provide by the projections and / or recesses.
  • the intermediate space between the two comminuting elements is adjustable in the axial direction of rotation by a variable distance between the two comminution elements, wherein the interspacing comprises in particular star-shaped Auslass incisions in the rotary element or the fixed element leading away from the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • the variable adjustment of the distance between the two crushing elements the pulverization and thus the average grain size of the pulverized ore material can be varied. That is, with a larger distance between the two crushing elements, the pulverized ore has a larger average grain size, and with a smaller distance between the two crushing elements, the average grain size of the pulverized ore is smaller.
  • the final result of the pulverization by the operating personnel can be predetermined as desired.
  • a ramp area is likewise provided on the fixed element, which cooperates with the ramp area of the rotary element such that the ore to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted by the gradients of both ramp areas.
  • these ramp areas in the form of a worm can extend over a radial region on the end face of the two comminuting elements, so that together they provide for a reduction in the size of the ore immediately after feeding the ore to be comminuted and accelerate it.
  • water is supplied into the crushing space through a water inlet and is transported away by the outlet device together with the pulverized ore.
  • the use of water to pulverize the ore may favor the pulverization process, with the supply of water not necessarily required.
  • the supply of water reduces the formation of dust, which can have significant health consequences for the operating personnel.
  • the pulverizer has a water inlet into the crushing chamber, through which water is supplied to the ore to be crushed according to a predetermined amount.
  • the addition of water to the device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the formation of dust in the process of obtaining pulverized ore.
  • FIG. 1 the device according to the invention is shown, wherein the ore to be crushed or the slag to be crushed is introduced into a hopper or feed hopper 1, which represents the ore feed device.
  • a screw conveyor may also be provided, which feeds the ore to be comminuted under pressure into the pulverization device.
  • the ore is fed through the hopper 1 to the cylinder-like housing 3, which is mounted on a foot 2 and a foot 6.
  • the pulverization of the ore to be crushed takes place.
  • a motor 8 via a drive roller 11 and a belt 10 and a pulley 9 for the transmission of torque from the motor 8 to the Pulvermaschines heard.
  • a suction opening 4 is optionally possible, through which the pulverized ore can be sucked by means of a negative pressure.
  • an outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the housing 3, which generally forms the outlet device. Through this discharge funnel 14, the pulverized ore is discharged by means of gravity or by suction from the device according to the invention.
  • a control flap 15 may be provided on the housing 3 to provide access to the interior of the housing if necessary. However, this is not necessary for the function of the device according to the invention. As in particular from FIG. 3 to is removed, the control flap 15 as well as the feed hopper 1 in the upper region of the device according to the invention is arranged. Further, the ore may be fed through the feed hopper in a continuous manner to the pulverizer or may be fed non-continuously to the pulverizer if sporadic ore or slag is only sporadically fed to the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 5 respectively show a side view of the device according to the invention, from which it can be seen that the outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the cylindrical housing 3.
  • the pulley 9, as already described, is driven by the motor 8 and transmits this torque via a shaft 21 to a comminution element 30 which rotates thereby.
  • the comminuting element 30 is constructed in the simplest form as a rotating rotary element 30 with a disk-shaped configuration, which together with a fixed fixed element 40 forms the pulverization device. How out FIG. 6 can be seen, the ore to be crushed through the inlet hopper 1 is thereby fed into the housing 3, that a feed opening 41 is provided substantially in the center of the fixed element.
  • the ore material supplied through the supply port 41 is then pulverized between the fixed member 40 and the rotating rotary member 30 and discharged and pulverized in a pulverized form radially outward between the two crushing members 30, 40 and collected within the casing 3 in pulverized form, and then from the Outlet funnel 14 discharged.
  • the pulverization is especially with regard to FIG. 7 explained in more detail.
  • Analogous to FIG. 6 the ore to be comminuted is fed via the feed opening 41, which is located substantially in the center of the fixed element 40, into a comminuting space between the fixed element 40 and the rotary element 30.
  • FIG. 7 By way of example, individual ore lumps 50 are shown, which show the ore to be comminuted.
  • the rotation of the rotary member 30 causes the nuggets 50 to be accelerated radially outward and in the rotational direction of the rotary member 30.
  • the two crushing elements form a crushing space, wherein one or more acceleration elements are arranged on at least the rotary member or the fixed element in order for an acceleration and a corresponding comminution of the supplied ore.
  • one or more acceleration elements are arranged on at least the rotary member or the fixed element in order for an acceleration and a corresponding comminution of the supplied ore.
  • This type of pulverization takes only a short time due to the small space requirement of the crushing space, with the powdered ore being transported outward through a gap 60 between the two crushing elements during rotation of the rotating element and away from both crushing elements, such as powdered ore 55 by way of example in FIG. 7 is shown.
  • This means that the ore lumps are pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation between the two comminution elements, wherein according to a further embodiment, two comminution elements with different rotational speeds and the same or opposite direction of rotation can be used.
  • FIG. 8 shows the two crushing elements of FIG. 7 in the unfolded state along with exemplarily arranged to be comminuted ore 50 and pulverized ore 55.
  • the ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 41 through the fixed element 40 in the crushing space between the two crushing elements, as already explained.
  • the rotary member 30 has a ramp portion 31 which has a rising pitch from the start of the ramp 32 to the ramp end 33 and may be part of the crushing space.
  • the ore 50 to be comminuted is already comminuted on account of the rising ramp region 31, as shown schematically by the decreasing spherical ore particles 51 and 52.
  • the ramp region 31 cooperates with a ring region 42 of the fixed element 40. Subsequently, the ore of protrusions 35 acting as accelerating members is accelerated and pulverized due to the rotation of the rotary member 30, which is in FIG. 8 are arranged at a uniform spacing in the circumferential direction of the rotary member 30.
  • the fixed element 40 may also have projections 45, which are arranged analogously to the projections 35 of the rotary member 30. Between the projections 35 of the rotary member corresponding recesses 36 are provided on the end face of the rotary member 30 as part of the crushing space.
  • the protrusions 35 have a predetermined angle in the transition to the recesses 36 to accelerate the ore to be crushed in both the radial direction in accordance with the rotation and the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotary member.
  • the ore to be comminuted is accelerated into the center of the comminution space, where it encounters other accelerated ore elements, resulting in a fictitious pulverization by the micro-impact.
  • the fixed element 30 has corresponding recesses 46 between the projections 45 of the fixed element 40.
  • the intermediate space 60 is formed by the variable distance between the two comminution elements 30, 40, wherein, in addition to the variable distance, outlet passages 61 leading away from the rotational axis of the rotary element 30 in the rotary element 30 may be provided in the rotary element 30.
  • Auslasseintene 62 are provided in the fixed element 40 at a uniform spacing.
  • the pulverized ore 55 is discharged to the outside through the outlet recesses 61 and 62, respectively.
  • variable distance between the two comminution elements can be adjusted in particular by a hydraulic device, wherein preferably the fixed element 40 can be variably positioned in the axial direction with respect to the rotary element 30 to adjust the pulverization in particular to a different ore material in terms of size or composition can.
  • the fixed element 30 or the rotary element 40 or the two comminution elements can be moved apart hydraulically in the axial direction for repair and assembly work. Alternatively, they can be removed from the operating position by a pivoting movement of one of the two crushing elements from each other.
  • the acceleration elements 35 or other mechanically highly loaded elements of the pulverization device can be processed or replaced.
  • this enables mechanically highly loaded elements within the Pulverisier
  • the accelerating elements or projections 35 may be constructed of different materials and can be replaced as needed. This allows wear parts within the crushing space, such as the projections, also adapted to different ore material.
  • FIG. 6 which illustrates a schematically enlarged distance between the rotary member 30 and the fixed member 40, it can be seen that at only a small distance the ore to be crushed is thrown radially outwardly by the rotation and is caught by the casing 3 before the pulverized Ore is discharged via the outlet funnel 14 of the device according to the invention, for example, only by gravity or additionally by a suction device or the like.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a fixed element 140, which has a feed opening 141 in the center.
  • the fixed element 140 is with that of FIG. 8 identical, wherein the fixed element 140 has obliquely Auslasseinitese 162 through which the pulverized ore is transported to the outside.
  • FIG. 9 shown fixed element 41 may also be used in the illustrated form as a second rotary element, which compared to the in FIG. 8 illustrated rotary member 30 may have a different relative speed.
  • the embodiment of a comminution element shown has an angular range 144, which extends in each case on both sides from the acceleration element 143 to the recess 145. Depending on the direction of rotation, however, these two angular regions 144 may also be provided on only one side of the acceleration element 143 in order to accelerate the ore to be comminuted, depending on the direction of rotation of the comminuting element, both radially and axially with respect to the rotation of the comminuting element.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross section of the fixed element 40 of FIG. 8 illustrated, wherein the feed opening 41 has a funnel-shaped structure.
  • FIG. 11 a further embodiment of the crushing elements according to the present invention is shown.
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 further embodiments for cooperating crushing elements shown, which within the inventive device according to FIG. 6 can be arranged.
  • FIG. 11 For example, a fixed element 240 and a rotating rotary element 230 are shown, wherein the ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 241 into the comminuting space between the fixed element 240 and the rotary element 230.
  • the crushing space between the fixed member 240 and the rotary member 230 is formed from the rotation axis of the rotary member 230 to the outside substantially conically tapered, whereby the pulverization of the ore is accomplished on the one hand.
  • FIG. 12 it can be seen that the rotary element 230 has recesses 236, which are arranged at a uniform distance around the axis of rotation of the rotary element.
  • These recesses 236 provide in particular by the obliquely arranged transitions of the recess 236 for an acceleration and thus a pulverization of the ore due to the rotation, which ensures a relative movement between the rotary member 230 and the fixed element 240.
  • FIG. 13 is the fixed element 240 of FIG. 11 shown, which together with the rotary member 230 of FIG. 12 interacts.
  • the fixed element 240 shows in cross section in FIG. 13 the feed opening 241.
  • the fixed element 240 has analogous to the rotary member 230 recesses 246 in the radial direction about the center of the axis of rotation.
  • the chamfered portions of the recesses 236, 246 of the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 provide for an acceleration and crushing of the ore, which is discharged in powdered form through the gap 260 between the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 to the outside.
  • a method for comminuting ore material and / or, in particular, slag is thus provided, wherein the ore feed device 1 is provided for supplying ore to be comminuted 50 to a pulverization device.
  • the Pulverleiters shark is at least of two mutually movable crushing elements 30, 40 formed, which together form a crushing space for the ore to be comminuted, that by a relative movement in the form of rotation of at least one of the two crushing elements 30, 40, the crushed ore is thereby pulverized in that one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections, are provided on at least one of the comminuting elements 30, 40, which are arranged in particular on the front side of one of the two comminuting elements 30, 40, and which are produced by the rotation of one of the two comminution elements 30, 40 accelerate the ore to be crushed or mince.
  • a gap 60 is provided, through which during the rotation the pulverized ore from the center of the rotation or from the axis of rotation of the rotary element to the outside and from the two comminution elements 30th , 40 is transported away.
  • the ore pulverized thereby between the two crushing elements is discharged to the outside through the outlet means connected to the space 60.
  • water can still be fed through the ore feed device into the comminution chamber during the comminution process through a water inlet (not shown) or through the supply of water.
  • the water forms together with the ore during and after the pulverization a mud-like compound, wherein the water is transported together with the pulverized ore material through the outlet device.
  • the ramp area 31 is particularly advantageous for the slag crushing, since such a ramp area on the rotary member for pre-shredding of slag due to the rotation of the rotary member provides, in the transport direction after the ramp area projections and / or recesses according to the invention in the Crushing elements are provided to pulverize the particularly brittle and hard slag.
  • the number of protrusions on the two comminution elements may be the same, however, a different number of accelerator elements may be provided on the two comminution elements.
  • both crushing elements can rotate in the opposite direction to increase the relative movement between the two crushing elements.
  • the shape of the crushing chamber which is formed by the two crushing elements, in different ways executable, with different types of accelerating elements may be arranged in plate-shaped or wedge-shaped or similar form, accelerated by the ore to be crushed between the two crushing elements and thereby pulverized becomes.
  • a further crushing chamber which is provided independently of the two crushing elements, but is integrated into the device according to the invention.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial bzw. Gestein und/oder insbesondere von Schlacke, wobei das Erz mit Verwendung von Wasser im Nassverfahren oder auch ohne Verwendung von Wasser im Trockenverfahren in besonders ökologischer Art und Weise pulverisiert wird.The present invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting ore material or rock and / or slag in particular, wherein the ore is pulverized using water in the wet process or even without the use of water in a dry process in a particularly ecological manner.

Es besteht ein großer Bedarf, auch bei der Gewinnung von Rohstoffen umweltfreundliche Verfahren und Vorrichtungen einzusetzen, um insbesondere auch die daran beteiligten Personen vor Gesundheitsschäden zu schützen. Bei der herkömmlichen Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial werden die im Bergbau beschäftigten Personen insbesondere durch die Staubentwicklung gesundheitlich belastet, wobei die Lunge von betroffenen Personen in Mitleidenschaft gezogen werden kann.There is a great need to use environmentally friendly methods and devices in the extraction of raw materials, in particular to protect the persons involved from health damage. In the conventional crushing of ore material, people employed in the mining industry are particularly affected by the development of dust, whereby the lungs can be affected by affected persons.

Des weiteren besteht ein Bedarf dahingehend, die Verfahren und Vorrichtungen beim Bergbau und insbesondere bei der Verarbeitung von Erzmaterial dahingehend zu verbessern, dass der Energieverbrauch gesenkt wird und Schäden für die Umwelt minimiert werden.Further, there is a need to improve mining and, in particular, ore material processing methods and apparatuses to reduce energy consumption and minimize environmental damage.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Es sind seit langem Kugelmühlen zur Zerkleinerung von Erz bekannt, wobei das Erz zusammen mit Eisenkugeln solange in Umdrehung versetzt wird, bis die gewünschte Feinheit in der Kugelmühle erreicht wird. Eine derartige bekannte Kugelmühle ist bereits aus der DE 40 02 29 bekannt, wobei der Mahlzylinder Kugeln, Flintsteine oder ähnliches zum Zermahlen des Erzes enthält.There are long known ball mills for crushing ore, wherein the ore is added together with iron balls in rotation until the desired fineness is achieved in the ball mill. Such a known ball mill is already out of the DE 40 02 29 known, wherein the grinding cylinder contains balls, flint stones or the like for crushing the ore.

Bei derartigen bekannten Kugelmühlen muss der Mahlzylinder jedoch besonders robust ausgeführt sein, um das Auftreffen der Kugeln auf die Zylinderwand unbeschadet überstehen zu können, wodurch das Gewicht der Mahlzylinder stark zunimmt. Als Folge davon sind die Betriebskosten und der Energieaufwand bei derartigen Kugelmühlen hoch. Ferner besteht ein hoher Verschleiß der sich drehenden Mahlzylinder aufgrund des Auftreffens der Kugeln auf den Mahlzylinder, so dass nach relativ kurzer Zeit sowohl die Kugeln als auch der Mahlzylinder ersetzt werden müssen. Darüber hinaus ist es bei Kugelmühlen erforderlich, dass das Erz von einer separaten Zerkleinerungseinrichtung und anschließend von einer oder mehreren hintereinander geschalteten Kugelmühlen gemahlen wird, um das Erz in gewünschter Weise zu zerkleinern, wobei eine effektive Pulverisierung des Erzmaterials kaum möglich ist.In such known ball mills, however, the grinding cylinder must be designed to be particularly robust in order to be able to withstand the impact of the balls on the cylinder wall without damage, as a result of which the weight of the grinding cylinders increases greatly. As a result, the operating costs and energy consumption of such ball mills are high. Furthermore, there is a high wear of the rotating grinding cylinder due to the impact of the balls on the grinding cylinder, so that after a relatively short time, both the balls and the grinding cylinder must be replaced. Moreover, it is necessary with ball mills, that the ore is ground by a separate crusher and then by one or more ball mills connected in series, in order to crush the ore in a desired manner, wherein an effective pulverization of the ore material is hardly possible.

Darüber hinaus sind derartige Kugelmühlen nicht geeignet, Erzmaterial zusammen mit Schlacke oder Schlacke an sich zu zerkleinern bzw. zu pulverisieren, da Schlacke, welche insbesondere bei der Weiterverarbeitung von Erz als Abfallprodukt entsteht, sehr spröde ist und eine harte Struktur aufweist.Moreover, such ball mills are not suitable for crushing or pulverizing ore material together with slag or slag, since slag, which arises in particular during the further processing of ore as a waste product, is very brittle and has a hard structure.

Gemäß der US 6,170,771 B1 ist eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Zertrümmern von Steinen bekannt, welche einen ersten und einen zweiten Rotor verwendet und wobei eine Auskeilung zum Zertrümmern der Steine verwendet wird. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung ist jedoch nur zum Zertrümmern der Steine und nicht zur Pulverisierung der Steine geeignet.According to the US 6,170,771 B1 For example, there is known a stone smashing apparatus and method which uses first and second rotors and wherein a chock is used to smash the bricks. However, this known device is only suitable for smashing the stones and not for pulverizing the stones.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial und/oder insbesondere von Schlacke bereitzustellen, welche einen hohen Wirkungsgrad und nur einen geringen Verschleiß aufweist, wobei das Erz in gewünschter Art und Weise pulverisiert wird.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for comminuting ore material and / or in particular of slag, which has a high efficiency and only a slight wear, wherein the ore is pulverized in the desired manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird vorrichtungstechnisch gemäß den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 sowie verfahrenstechnisch gemäß den Merkmalen von Anspruch 13 gelöst.This object is achieved by the device according to the features of claim 1 and procedurally according to the features of claim 13.

Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial bereitzustellen, wobei die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Erzzuführeinrichtung zur Zuführung von zu zerkleinerndem Erz zu einer Pulverisiereinrichtung umfasst. Die Pulverisiereinrichtung ist zumindest aus zwei zueinander beweglichen Zerkleinerungselementen aufgebaut, welche derart miteinander zumindest einen Zerkleinerungsraum für das zu zerkleinernde Erz bilden, dass durch eine Relativbewegung in Form einer Rotation von zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente das zu zerkleinernde Erz dadurch pulverisiert wird, dass an zumindest einem der Zerkleinerungselemente ein oder mehrere Beschleunigungselemente, insbesondere Vorsprünge, vorgesehen sind, welche insbesondere an der Stirnseite von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente angeordnet sind und welche durch die Rotation von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente das zu zerkleinernde Erz beschleunigen und dadurch zerkleinern, wobei mindestens eines der Zerkleinerungselemente einen ansteigenden kreisförmigen Rampenbereich als Teil des Zerkleinerungsraums aufweist, - durch welchen das zu zerkleinernde Erz und/oder insbesondere Schlacke beschleunigt und zerkleinert wird. Dabei wird das Erz zum einen durch das direkte Einwirken von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente pulverisiert und zum anderen wird das Erzmaterial vorteilhafterweise dadurch pulverisiert, dass sich in dem Zerkleinerungsraum Erzmaterial mit unterschiedlicher Bewegungsrichtung und unterschiedlicher Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit aufgrund der Rotation der Beschleunigungselemente befindet, wobei die Vorsprünge oder Aussparungen der Beschleunigungselemente insbesondere durch den gegenüber der Stirnseite schrägen Winkelbereich das zu zerkleinernde Erz von dem Winkelbereich weg in Richtung des anderen Zerkleinerungselements bzw. zu dem Zerkleinerungsraum hin beschleunigt, so dass auch ein Zusammentreffen dieses unterschiedlich beschleunigten Erzmaterials für eine Pulverisierung durch einen sogenannten Mikroimpakt von Erzmaterial sorgt.The invention is based on the idea of providing a method and a device for comminuting ore material, wherein the device according to the invention comprises an ore feed device for feeding ore to be comminuted to a pulverizer. The Pulverisiereinrichtung is at least composed of two mutually movable crushing elements, which together form at least one crushing space for the ore to be crushed that is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two crushing the ore to be crushed by at least one one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections, are provided in the comminuting elements, which are arranged in particular on the front side of one of the two comminution elements and which accelerate the ore to be comminuted by the rotation of one of the two comminution elements thereby comminuting, wherein at least one of the comminuting elements has a rising circular ramp area as part of the comminuting space, - through which the ore to be comminuted and / or in particular slag is accelerated and comminuted. The ore is pulverized on the one hand by the direct action of one of the two comminution elements and on the other hand the ore material Advantageously pulverized by the fact that in the crushing space ore material with different direction of movement and different speed of movement due to the rotation of the accelerating elements, wherein the projections or recesses of the accelerating elements, in particular by the oblique relative to the end face angle range the ore to be crushed away from the angular range in the direction of the other Crushing element or accelerated towards the crushing space, so that a coincidence of this different accelerated ore material for a pulverization by a so-called micro-impact of ore material provides.

Wenn Vorsprünge oder Aussparungen als Beschleunigungselemente an einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente vorgesehen sind, so ergibt sich ein Beschleunigen des zu zerkleinernden Erzes in besonders einfacher Art und Weise aufgrund der Rotation bzw. der unterschiedlichen Relativgeschwindigkeiten der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente. So können beispielsweise die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente in entgegengesetzten Richtungen rotieren oder ein Zerkleinerungselement ist fixiert und das andere Zerkleinerungselement dreht sich, um eine Relativbewegung zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen zu erzielen.If projections or recesses are provided as acceleration elements on one of the two comminution elements, the result is an acceleration of the ore to be comminuted in a particularly simple manner due to the rotation or the different relative speeds of the two comminuting elements. For example, the two crushing elements may rotate in opposite directions, or one crushing element is fixed, and the other crushing element rotates to achieve relative movement between the two crushing elements.

In besonders vorteilhafter Art und Weise wirken die Beschleunigungselemente bzw. die Vorsprünge derart auf das zu zerkleinernde Erz ein, dass zu zerkleinernde Erz von den Beschleunigungselementen bzw. Vorsprüngen oder Aussparungen mit einem schrägen Winkelbereich derart wegbewegt wird, dass ein Teil des zu zerkleinernden Erzes durch die Vorsprünge in Richtung des anderen Zerkleinerungselements bzw. in Richtung des Zerkleinerungsraums beschleunigt wird und dort mit anderen Teilen des zu zerkleinernden Erzes unter Bildung eines Mikroimpakts zusammentreffen, da die unterschiedlich beschleunigten Teile des Erzes in dem Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen unter Bildung eines Mikroimpakts zusammentreffen und so in besonders vorteilhafter Art und Weise der Mikroimpakt zwischen unterschiedlich beschleunigten Teilen des Erzes für eine besonders vorteilhafte Pulverisierung sorgt. Insbesondere wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz durch die Beschleunigungselemente dadurch beschleunigt, dass diese einen schrägen Bereich bzw. Winkelbereich in Form von Vorsprüngen oder Aussparungen aufweisen, welche durch die Rotation des Zerkleinerungselements einen definierten Winkel zwischen der Stirnfläche des Zerkleinerungselements und dem sich aufgrund der Rotation des Zerkleinerungselements drehenden Beschleunigungselement bildet, wobei sich dadurch im Zerkleinerungsraum ein besonders vorteilhafter Mikroimpakt zwischen dem von den Beschleunigungselementen beschleunigten Erz und einem Erz mit einer anderen Relativgeschwindigkeit bzw. einer anderen Beschleunigungsrichtung unter Bildung eines Mikroimpakts zusammentreffen und dadurch für eine besonders vorteilhafte Pulverisierung im Zerkleinerungsraum sorgt.In a particularly advantageous manner, the acceleration elements or the projections act on the ore to be comminuted such that ore to be crushed is moved away from the acceleration elements or projections or recesses with an oblique angle range such that a portion of the ore to be comminuted by the Protrusions in the direction of the other crushing element or in the direction of the crushing space is accelerated and meet there with other parts of the ore to be crushed to form a micro-impulse, since the different accelerated parts of the ore in the crushing space between the two crushing elements to form a micro-impulse meet and so In a particularly advantageous manner, the micro-impact between differently accelerated parts of the ore provides for a particularly advantageous pulverization. In particular, the ore to be comminuted is accelerated by the acceleration elements in that they have an oblique region or angle region in the form of projections or recesses which, due to the rotation of the comminuting element, have a defined angle between the end surface of the comminuting element and due to the rotation of the comminuting element forms a rotating acceleration element, thereby characterized in the crushing chamber a particularly advantageous micro-impact between the ore accelerated by the accelerating elements and an ore with another relative speed or a another acceleration direction to form a micro-impulse and thereby ensures a particularly advantageous pulverization in the crushing space.

Nach der Pulverisierung in dem Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen wird das pulverisierte Erz von dem Zentrum der Rotation nach außen insbesondere aufgrund der Zentrifugalkraft sowie der Erdanziehungskraft in einen Zwischenraum gefördert, welcher zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen und/oder in zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente vorgesehen ist. Das pulverisierte Erz gelangt von dem Zwischenraum zu einer Auslasseinrichtung, wobei es dabei beispielsweise aufgrund der Schwerkraft mittels der Auslasseinrichtung gesammelt wird oder durch die Auslasseinrichtung abgesaugt wird, um das pulverisierte Erz aus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung abzuführen.After pulverization in the crushing space between the two crushing elements, the pulverized ore is conveyed from the center of outward rotation, in particular due to centrifugal force and gravitational force, into a space provided between the two crushing elements and / or at least one of the two crushing elements. The pulverized ore passes from the intermediate space to an outlet device, in which case it is collected by means of the outlet device, for example due to gravity, or is sucked off through the outlet device in order to discharge the pulverized ore from the device according to the invention.

Aufgrund des Aufeinanderprallens des zu zerkleinernden Erzes mit den Beschleunigungselementen und dem weiteren Mikroimpakt zwischen dem unterschiedlich beschleunigten Erz in dem Zerkleinerungsraum wird das Erz in besonders effektiver Art und Weise pulverisiert, wobei im Gegensatz zu bekannten Vorrichtungen die Pulverisierung in kurzer Zeit und in einem Zerkleinerungsraum mit geringer Dimensionierung erfolgt, was dazu führt, dass die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in ihren Ausmaßen nur geringe Dimensionen aufweist. Dadurch sind die Dimensionierungen und insbesondere die Wandstärken der rotierenden und ggf. auch feststehenden Zerkleinerungselemente nur gering, wobei dementsprechend auch nur ein geringer Verschleiß auftritt und ein hoher Wirkungsgrad erzielt wird. Als Folge davon ist ebenso der Energieaufwand sowohl bei der Herstellung als auch beim Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gering, wodurch auch die Herstellungskosten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und die Betriebskosten gegenüber bekannten Vorrichtungen besonders vorteilhaft sind. Aufgrund dieser Art der Pulverisierung ist es nicht erforderlich, dass zusätzliche lose Mahlelemente, wie beispielsweise Stahlkugeln, verwendet werden, welche aus Kugelmühlen mit entsprechenden Eisen oder Stahlkugeln bekannt sind.Due to the collision of the ore to be comminuted with the accelerating elements and the further micro-impact between the differently accelerated ore in the crushing space, the ore is pulverized in a particularly effective manner, in contrast to known devices, the pulverization in a short time and in a crushing chamber with low Dimensioning takes place, which means that the device according to the invention has only small dimensions in its dimensions. As a result, the dimensions and in particular the wall thicknesses of the rotating and possibly also fixed crushing elements are low, and accordingly only a small amount of wear occurs and a high degree of efficiency is achieved. As a result, as well as the energy consumption in both the production and in the operation of the device according to the invention is low, whereby the manufacturing cost of the device according to the invention and the operating costs over known devices are particularly advantageous. Due to this type of pulverization, it is not necessary to use additional loose grinding elements, such as steel balls, which are known from ball mills with corresponding iron or steel balls.

Insbesondere ergibt sich nur ein geringer Verschleiß bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung durch den Mikroimpakt, das heißt durch das wiederholte Zusammentreffen von unterschiedlich beschleunigtem Erz, wodurch die mechanischen Elemente nur gering belastet werden, wobei auch keine zusätzlichen losen Mahlelemente oder Eisenkugeln verwendet werden müssen.In particular, there is only a slight wear in the apparatus according to the invention by the micro-impact, that is, by the repeated coincidence of differently accelerated ore, whereby the mechanical elements are only slightly loaded, and no additional loose grinding elements or iron balls must be used.

Ein weiterer bedeutender Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens liegt darin, dass eine Vorzerkleinerung des aus dem Bergbau erhaltenen Erzes nicht erforderlich ist und somit die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung nicht nur die bekannten Kugelmühlen, sondern auch entsprechende Vorrichtungen zum Vorzerkleinern von Erzmaterial ersetzt, die insbesondere aus zwei zueinander rotierenden Walzen aufgebaut sein können.Another significant advantage of the device according to the invention and the The inventive method is that a pre-crushing of the ore obtained from mining is not required and thus the device according to the invention not only the known ball mills, but also corresponding devices for pre-crushing ore material replaced, which may be constructed in particular from two mutually rotating rollers.

Darüber hinaus ermöglicht es die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, dass auch Schlacke an sich oder zusammen mit Erzmaterial zerkleinert und pulverisiert werden kann, da sich aufgrund der geringen Dimensionierung des Zerkleinerungsraums sowie der verhältnismäßig gering dimensionierten Zerkleinerungselemente mit einer entsprechenden Rotation hoher Kräfte auf das zu zerkleinernde Erzmaterial bzw. auf die zu zerkleinernde Schlacke einwirken und dadurch eine effektive Pulverisierung erfolgt. Aufgrund der durch die Rotation, welche aufgrund der Dimensionierungen 100 bis in etwa 2000 Umdrehungen pro Minute eines Zerkleinerungselementes aufweisen kann, kann auch Schlacke in effektiver Weise pulverisiert werden, welche sehr spröde ist und eine harte Struktur aufweist.In addition, the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention make it possible to comminute and pulverize slag per se or together with ore material, since due to the small dimensioning of the comminuting space and the relatively small sized comminution elements with a corresponding rotation of high forces on the crushing ore material or act on the slag to be crushed and thereby effective pulverization takes place. Due to the rotation, which due to the dimensions 100 to about 2000 revolutions per minute of a crushing element can also be effectively powdered slag, which is very brittle and has a hard structure.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. So ist es von Vorteil, wenn an beiden Zerkleinerungselementen jeweils ein oder mehrere Beschleunigungselemente, insbesondere Vorsprünge vorgesehen sind, wobei eine unterschiedliche Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen den Beschleunigungselementen des einen Zerkleinerungselements gegenüber denjenigen des anderen Zerkleinerungselements besteht, da dadurch eine Pulverisierung verbessert und beschleunigt wird. Insbesondere sorgen die Beschleunigungselemente, welche sowohl an dem einen Zerkleinerungselement als auch dem anderen Zerkleinerungselement angebracht sind, durch ihre unterschiedliche Relativgeschwindigkeit für einen besonders effektiven Mikroimpakt, insbesondere wenn die Beschleunigungselemente des einen und des anderen Zerkleinerungselements derart aufeinander ausgerichtet sind, dass die zu zerkleinernden Erzelemente jeweils von den Beschleunigungselementen des einen und des anderen Zerkleinerungselements im wesentlichen in entgegengesetzte Richtungen beschleunigt werden, wobei sich dadurch das Aufeinandertreffen dieser entgegengesetzt beschleunigten Erzelemente besonders positiv auswirkt und zu einer schnellen und effektiven Pulverisierung des Erzmaterials führt.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims. Thus, it is advantageous if in each case one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections are provided on both crushing elements, wherein a different relative velocity between the acceleration elements of a crushing element over that of the other crushing element, as this pulverization is improved and accelerated. In particular, the acceleration elements, which are attached to both the one comminution element and the other comminution element, provide a particularly effective micro-impact due to their different relative speeds, in particular if the acceleration elements of the one and the other comminution element are aligned with each other such that the ore elements to be comminuted in each case be accelerated by the accelerating elements of the one and the other crushing element substantially in opposite directions, thereby the collision of these oppositely accelerated ore elements particularly positive effects and leads to a rapid and effective pulverization of the ore material.

Ferner ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente durch ein feststehendes Festelement und ein rotierendes Drehelement aufgebaut sind, wobei das Festelement im wesentlichen in dessen Zentrum eine Zuführöffnung zur Zuführung des zu zerkleinernden Erzes aufweist, und wobei die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente in einem Gehäuse untergebracht sind, welches die Auslasseinrichtung insbesondere in Form einer Auslassöffnung umfasst. Dadurch dass bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung das geförderte Erzmaterial ohne Vorzerkleinerung pulverisiert werden kann, ermöglicht es die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, dass die Staubentwicklung bei der Pulverisierung des Erzmaterials nicht nach außen dringt.Further, it is particularly advantageous if the two crushing elements are constructed by a fixed fixed element and a rotating rotary member, wherein the solid element has substantially in its center a feed opening for supplying the ore to be crushed, and wherein the two crushing elements in a Housing are housed, which comprises the outlet device, in particular in the form of an outlet opening. Because the conveyed ore material can be pulverized without pre-crushing in the device according to the invention, the device according to the invention makes it possible that the dust does not escape to the outside during the pulverization of the ore material.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, dass das Drehelement zumindest gegenüber dem Festelement mittels eines Motors in Rotation versetzbar ist, wobei zwischen dem Festelement und dem Drehelement der Zerkleinerungsraum dadurch gebildet wird, dass entsprechende Aussparungen, welche als Beschleunigungselemente wirken, in zumindest dem Drehelement und/oder dem Festelement vorgesehen sind, so dass das Erz durch die Relativbewegung zwischen dem Festelement und dem Drehelement pulverisiert wird. Die Aussparungen in der Stirnseite der Zerkleinerungselemente sind eine besonders einfache Ausführung, um das zu zerkleinernde Erz zu beschleunigen. Die Aussparungen können dabei auch entsprechende Vorsprünge bilden, wobei insbesondere sowohl bei den Aussparungen als auch bei den Vorsprüngen ein Winkelbereich besonders vorteilhaft ist, welcher zwischen der äußeren Stirnfläche der Zerkleinerungselemente und den Aussparungen gebildet wird, da dieser Winkelbereich derart schräg angestellt sein kann, dass die Rotation des Zerkleinerungselements für eine effektive Kraftübertragung auf das zu beschleunigende Erz sorgt.Another advantage is the fact that the rotary member is at least relative to the fixed element by means of a motor set in rotation, wherein between the fixed element and the rotary member of the crushing space is formed by corresponding recesses acting as acceleration elements in at least the rotary member and Are provided or the solid element, so that the ore is pulverized by the relative movement between the fixed element and the rotary member. The recesses in the front of the crushing elements are a particularly simple design to accelerate the ore to be crushed. The recesses can also form corresponding projections, wherein in particular both in the recesses and in the projections, an angular range is particularly advantageous, which is formed between the outer face of the crushing elements and the recesses, since this angular range can be made obliquely such that the Rotation of the crushing element provides for an effective power transmission to the ore to be accelerated.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen dem Festelement und dem Drehelement von der Drehachse des Drehelements nach außen im wesentlichen konisch verjüngend ausgebildet. Um die Rotation des Drehelements zu variieren, ist die Rotation des Drehelements durch ein Getriebe oder einen einstellbaren Riemenantrieb variierbar, so dass der Motor jeweils mit optimierten Betriebsparametern gefahren werden kann. Da das Drehelement einen Rampenbereich mit ansteigender Steigung als Teil des Zerkleinerungsraums aufweist, durch welchen das zu zerkleinernde Erz und/oder insbesondere Schlacke beschleunigt und zerkleinert wird, so kann zusätzlich zu den Vorsprüngen bzw. Aussparungen eine vorteilhafte Zerkleinerung von Erz und/oder Schlacke durch den sich mit der Rotation des Drehelements unterschiedlichen Querschnitt des Rampenbereichs erfolgen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Rampenbereich in Transportrichtung des Erzmaterials und/oder der Schlacke nach der Zuführöffnung des Festelements und vor den Vorsprüngen und/oder Aussparungen der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente vorgesehen ist, um für eine Vorzerkleinerung vor der Pulverisierung durch die Vorsprünge und/oder Aussparungen zu sorgen.According to a preferred embodiment, the comminuting space between the fixed element and the rotary element is designed to taper outwards in a substantially conically tapering manner from the axis of rotation of the rotary element. In order to vary the rotation of the rotary member, the rotation of the rotary member by a gear or an adjustable belt drive is variable, so that the engine can be driven in each case with optimized operating parameters. Since the rotating element has a ramp area with increasing pitch as part of the comminution space through which the ore and / or in particular slag to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted, in addition to the protrusions or recesses, an advantageous comminution of ore and / or slag can be achieved be done with the rotation of the rotary member different cross section of the ramp area. It is particularly advantageous if the ramp region is provided in the transport direction of the ore material and / or the slag after the feed opening of the fixed element and before the projections and / or recesses of the two comminution elements in order to pre-comminute before pulverization to provide by the projections and / or recesses.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen in axialer Richtung der Rotation durch einen variablen Abstand zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen einstellbar, wobei der Zwischenraum insbesondere sternförmig von der Drehachse des Drehelements wegführende Auslasseinschnitte in dem Drehelement oder dem Festelement umfasst. Durch die variable Einstellung des Abstands zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen kann die Pulverisierung und damit die durchschnittliche Korngröße des pulverisierten Erzmaterials variiert werden. Das heißt, dass bei einem größeren Abstand zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen das pulverisierte Erz eine größere durchschnittliche Korngröße aufweist und dass bei einem geringeren Abstand zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen die durchschnittliche Korngröße des pulverisierten Erzes geringer ist. Somit kann das Endergebnis der Pulverisierung durch das Bedienpersonal entsprechend beliebig vorbestimmt werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the intermediate space between the two comminuting elements is adjustable in the axial direction of rotation by a variable distance between the two comminution elements, wherein the interspacing comprises in particular star-shaped Auslass incisions in the rotary element or the fixed element leading away from the axis of rotation of the rotary element. By the variable adjustment of the distance between the two crushing elements, the pulverization and thus the average grain size of the pulverized ore material can be varied. That is, with a larger distance between the two crushing elements, the pulverized ore has a larger average grain size, and with a smaller distance between the two crushing elements, the average grain size of the pulverized ore is smaller. Thus, the final result of the pulverization by the operating personnel can be predetermined as desired.

Des weiteren ist es von Vorteil, dass an dem Festelement ebenso ein Rampenbereich vorgesehen ist, welcher mit dem Rampenbereich des Drehelements derart zusammenwirkt, dass das zu zerkleinernde Erz durch die Steigungen beider Rampenbereiche beschleunigt und zerkleinert wird. Insbesondere können diese Rampenbereiche in Form einer Schnecke sich über einen radialen Bereich an der Stirnseite der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente erstrecken, so dass diese gemeinsam unmittelbar nach dem Zuführen des zu zerkleinernden Erzes für eine Größenverminderung des Erzes sorgen und dieses beschleunigen.Furthermore, it is advantageous that a ramp area is likewise provided on the fixed element, which cooperates with the ramp area of the rotary element such that the ore to be comminuted is accelerated and comminuted by the gradients of both ramp areas. In particular, these ramp areas in the form of a worm can extend over a radial region on the end face of the two comminuting elements, so that together they provide for a reduction in the size of the ore immediately after feeding the ore to be comminuted and accelerate it.

So ist es gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der Vorrichtung von Vorteil, dass Wasser in den Zerkleinerungsraum durch einen Wassereinlass zugeführt wird und durch die Auslasseinrichtung zusammen mit dem pulverisierten Erz abtransportiert wird. Die Verwendung von Wasser zur Pulverisierung des Erzes kann den Pulverisierungsvorgang begünstigen, wobei die Zufuhr von Wasser nicht unbedingt erforderlich ist. Andererseits vermindert die Zufuhr von Wasser eine Staubentwicklung, welche für das Bedienpersonal erhebliche gesundheitliche Folgen haben kann.Thus, it is advantageous according to the method and the device according to the invention that water is supplied into the crushing space through a water inlet and is transported away by the outlet device together with the pulverized ore. The use of water to pulverize the ore may favor the pulverization process, with the supply of water not necessarily required. On the other hand, the supply of water reduces the formation of dust, which can have significant health consequences for the operating personnel.

Bei herkömmlichen Zerkleinerungsvorrichtungen gemäß dem Stand der Technik, bei welchen das Erz für die Weiterverarbeitung beispielsweise in einer vorgeschalteten Zerkleinerungsmaschine vorzerkleinert werden muss, wie beispielsweise zueinander rotierenden Walzen, kommt es zu einer derartig starken Staubentwicklung, dass das Bedienpersonal häufig an Silikose erkrankt. Im Gegensatz zu dem Vorgehen gemäß dem Stand der Technik wird durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eine Pulverisierung von Erz ermöglicht, wobei das Erz unmittelbar der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zugeführt wird und bei Verwendung von Wasser eine Staubentwicklung des geschürften Erzes vermieden wird. Somit wird das Bedienpersonal vor der Silikosekrankheit geschützt, da eine Zerkleinerung des geschürften Erzes bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bzw. der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nicht erforderlich ist.In conventional prior art crushers, in which the ore must be pre-shredded for further processing, for example in an upstream crusher, such as rollers rotating relative to one another, such dusting occurs that operators often suffer from silicosis. In contrast to the procedure according to the The prior art is made possible by the inventive device and by the inventive method, a pulverization of ore, wherein the ore is fed directly to the device according to the invention and when using water, a dust development of the minced ore is avoided. Thus, the operator is protected against the silicosis, since comminution of the minced ore in the method and the device according to the invention is not required.

Insbesondere ist es durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung möglich, dass in einer Mine geschürfte Erz unmittelbar ohne Vorzerkleinerung verarbeitet wird, wobei das geschürfte Erz in einem Vorgang pulverisiert wird. Als Folge davon sind Vorzerkleinerungseinrichtungen und anschließend eine oder mehrere Kugelmühlen gemäß dem Stand der Technik nicht erforderlich, so dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gegenüber dem Stand der Technik mehrere hintereinander geschaltete Vorrichtungen bzw. Verarbeitungsprozesse eingespart werden können.In particular, it is possible by means of the device according to the invention that ore which has been mined in a mine is processed directly without pre-comminuting, with the minced ore being pulverized in one operation. As a result, pre-shredding devices and then one or more ball mills according to the prior art are not required, so that several devices or processing processes connected one behind the other can be saved by the device according to the invention compared to the prior art.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Pulverisiereinrichtung einen Wassereinlass in die Zerkleinerungskammer auf, durch welchen Wasser zu dem zu zerkleinernden Erz gemäß einer vorbestimmten Menge zugeführt wird. Die Zugabe von Wasser zur erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ermöglicht es, dass die Staubentwicklung in dem Prozess zu der Gewinnung von pulverisiertem Erz unterbunden wird.According to a preferred embodiment, the pulverizer has a water inlet into the crushing chamber, through which water is supplied to the ore to be crushed according to a predetermined amount. The addition of water to the device according to the invention makes it possible to prevent the formation of dust in the process of obtaining pulverized ore.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Figuren beschrieben.

  • Figur 1 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht;
  • Figur 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung von Figur 1 in auseinandergezogener Darstellung;
  • Figur 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung von Figur 1 als Draufsicht;
  • Figur 4 zeigt eine seitliche Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung von Figur 1;
  • Figur 5 zeigt eine Seitenansicht von Figur 1;
  • Figur 6 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung von Figur 1 teilweise im Querschnitt;
  • Figur 7 zeigt schematisch die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente von Figur 6 im Querschnitt;
  • Figur 8 zeigt die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente von Figur 7 in einer aufgeklappten Stellung;
  • Figur 9 zeigt ein Zerkleinerungselement analog zu Figur 8 schematisch dargestellt;
  • Figur 10 zeigt das Zerkleinerungselement von Figur 8 teilweise im Querschnitt;
  • Figur 11 zeigt weitere Ausführungsformen der Zerkleinerungselemente für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 6;
  • Figur 12 zeigt schematisch ein Zerkleinerungselement von Figur 11; und
  • Figur 13 zeigt das andere Zerkleinerungselement von Figur 1 teilweise im Querschnitt.
The invention will be described purely by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention in a perspective view;
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of the invention of FIG. 1 in an exploded view;
  • FIG. 3 shows the device of the invention of FIG. 1 as a top view;
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of the device according to the invention of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 6 shows the device of the invention of FIG. 1 partly in cross section;
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the two crushing elements of FIG. 6 in cross-section;
  • FIG. 8 shows the two crushing elements of FIG. 7 in an unfolded position;
  • FIG. 9 shows a crushing element analogous to FIG. 8 shown schematically;
  • FIG. 10 shows the crushing element of FIG. 8 partly in cross section;
  • FIG. 11 shows further embodiments of the crushing elements for a device according to the invention according to FIG. 6 ;
  • FIG. 12 schematically shows a crushing element of FIG. 11 ; and
  • FIG. 13 shows the other crushing element of FIG. 1 partly in cross section.

Beschreibung einer bevorzugten AusführungsformDescription of a preferred embodiment

Gemäß Figur 1 ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dargestellt, wobei das zu zerkleinernde Erz bzw. die zu zerkleinernde Schlacke in einen Trichter bzw. Zuführtrichter 1 eingeführt wird, welcher die Erzzuführeinrichtung darstellt. Alternativ kann anstelle eines Trichters auch ein Schneckenförderer vorgesehen sein, welcher das zu zerkleinernde Erz unter Druck in die Pulverisierungseinrichtung zuführt. Das Erz wird durch den Trichter 1 zu dem zylinderartigen Gehäuse 3 zugeführt, welches auf einem Fuß 2 und einem Fuß 6 gelagert ist. In diesem Gehäuse 3 findet die Pulverisierung des zu zerkleinernden Erzes statt. Dabei sorgt ein Motor 8 über eine Antriebsrolle 11 und einem Riemen 10 sowie eine Riemenscheibe 9 für die Drehmomentübertragung von dem Motor 8 zu der Pulverisierungseinrichtung.
Wie insbesondere aus Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist eine Absaugöffnung 4 optional möglich, durch welche das pulverisierte Erz mittels eines Unterdrucks abgesaugt werden kann. Alternativ und insbesondere für den Regelfall ist im unteren Bereich des Gehäuses 3 ein Auslasstrichter 14 vorgesehen, welcher im allgemeinen die Auslasseinrichtung bildet. Durch diesen Auslasstrichter 14 wird das pulverisierte Erz mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft oder auch durch Absaugen aus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung abgeführt.According to FIG. 1 the device according to the invention is shown, wherein the ore to be crushed or the slag to be crushed is introduced into a hopper or feed hopper 1, which represents the ore feed device. Alternatively, instead of a funnel, a screw conveyor may also be provided, which feeds the ore to be comminuted under pressure into the pulverization device. The ore is fed through the hopper 1 to the cylinder-like housing 3, which is mounted on a foot 2 and a foot 6. In this case 3, the pulverization of the ore to be crushed takes place. In this case, a motor 8 via a drive roller 11 and a belt 10 and a pulley 9 for the transmission of torque from the motor 8 to the Pulverisierungseinrichtung.
As in particular from FIG. 2 can be seen, a suction opening 4 is optionally possible, through which the pulverized ore can be sucked by means of a negative pressure. Alternatively, and in particular for the rule, an outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the housing 3, which generally forms the outlet device. Through this discharge funnel 14, the pulverized ore is discharged by means of gravity or by suction from the device according to the invention.

Eine Kontrollklappe 15 kann an dem Gehäuse 3 vorgesehen sein, um ggf. Zugang zum Inneren des Gehäuses zu bewerkstelligen. Dies ist jedoch für die Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung nicht erforderlich. Wie insbesondere aus Figur 3 zu entnehmen ist, ist die Kontrollklappe 15 ebenso wie der Zuführtrichter 1 im oberen Bereich der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung angeordnet. Ferner kann das Erz durch den Zuführtrichter in kontinuierlicher Art und Weise der Pulverisierungseinrichtung zugeführt werden oder auch in nicht kontinuierlicher Art und Weise der Pulverisierungseinrichtung zugeführt werden, falls nur sporadisch Erz oder Schlacke der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zugeführt wird.A control flap 15 may be provided on the housing 3 to provide access to the interior of the housing if necessary. However, this is not necessary for the function of the device according to the invention. As in particular from FIG. 3 to is removed, the control flap 15 as well as the feed hopper 1 in the upper region of the device according to the invention is arranged. Further, the ore may be fed through the feed hopper in a continuous manner to the pulverizer or may be fed non-continuously to the pulverizer if sporadic ore or slag is only sporadically fed to the apparatus of the present invention.

Die Figuren 4 bzw. 5 zeigen jeweils eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, woraus ersichtlich ist, dass der Auslasstrichter 14 im unteren Bereich des zylinderförmigen Gehäuses 3 vorgesehen ist.The FIGS. 4 5 respectively show a side view of the device according to the invention, from which it can be seen that the outlet funnel 14 is provided in the lower region of the cylindrical housing 3.

Aus der Figur 6 ist insbesondere die Funktion und der Aufbau der Pulverisierungseinrichtung zu entnehmen. Die Riemenscheibe 9 wird, wie bereits beschrieben, von dem Motor 8 angetrieben und ü bertr.gt dieses Drehmoment über eine Welle 21 auf ein sich dadurch drehendes Zerkleinerungselement 30. Das Zerkleinerungselement 30 ist in einfachster Form als rotierendes Drehelement 30 mit einer scheibenförmigen Ausgestaltung aufgebaut, welches zusammen mit einem feststehenden Festelement 40 die Pulverisierungseinrichtung bildet. Wie aus Figur 6 ersichtlich, wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz über den Einlasstrichter 1 dadurch in das Gehäuse 3 zugeführt, dass im wesentlichen im Zentrum des Festelements eine Zuführöffnung 41 vorgesehen ist. Das durch die Zuführöffnung 41 zugeführte Erzmaterial wird nun zwischen dem Festelement 40 und dem rotierenden Drehelement 30 pulverisiert und in pulverisierter Form radial nach außen zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40 ausgestoßen bzw. abtransportiert und innerhalb des Gehäuses 3 in pulverisierter Form gesammelt und daraufhin von dem Auslasstrichter 14 abgeführt.From the FIG. 6 In particular, the function and the structure of the pulverization device can be seen. The pulley 9, as already described, is driven by the motor 8 and transmits this torque via a shaft 21 to a comminution element 30 which rotates thereby. The comminuting element 30 is constructed in the simplest form as a rotating rotary element 30 with a disk-shaped configuration, which together with a fixed fixed element 40 forms the pulverization device. How out FIG. 6 can be seen, the ore to be crushed through the inlet hopper 1 is thereby fed into the housing 3, that a feed opening 41 is provided substantially in the center of the fixed element. The ore material supplied through the supply port 41 is then pulverized between the fixed member 40 and the rotating rotary member 30 and discharged and pulverized in a pulverized form radially outward between the two crushing members 30, 40 and collected within the casing 3 in pulverized form, and then from the Outlet funnel 14 discharged.

Die Pulverisierung wird insbesondere im Hinblick auf Figur 7 näher erläutert. Analog zu Figur 6 wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz über die Zuführöffnung 41, welche sich im wesentlichen im Zentrum des Festelements 40 befindet, in einen Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen dem Festelement 40 und dem Drehelement 30 zugeführt. In Figur 7 sind beispielhaft einzelne Erzklumpen 50 dargestellt, welche das zu zerkleinernde Erz zeigen. Nachdem dem die zu zerkleinernden Erzklumpen 50 durch die Zuführöffnung 41 mit dem Drehelement 30 in Kontakt geraten, sorgt die Rotation des Drehelements 30 dafür, dass die Erzklumpen 50 radial nach außen und in Drehrichtung des Drehelements 30 beschleunigt werden. Hierfür bilden die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente einen Zerkleinerungsraum, wobei ein oder mehrere Beschleunigungselemente an zumindest dem Drehelement oder dem Festelement angeordnet sind, um für eine Beschleunigung sowie eine entsprechende Zerkleinerung des zugeführten Erzes zu sorgen. Durch die Drehung des Drehelements 30 wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz direkt durch den Kontakt mit dem Drehelement 30 pulverisiert und auch durch den Kontakt bereits teilweise zerkleinerten Erzes zueinander und auch durch Kontakt mit dem Festelement 40 in dem Zerkleinerungsraum pulverisiert. Diese Art der Pulverisierung benötigt aufgrund des geringen Platzbedarfes des Zerkleinerungsraums nur eine kurze Zeit, wobei das pulverisierte Erz durch einen Zwischenraum 60 zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen während der Rotation des Drehelements nach außen und von beiden Zerkleinerungselementen weg abtransportiert wird, wie beispielhaft durch das pulverisierte Erz 55 in Figur 7 dargestellt ist. Dies bedeutet, dass die Erzklumpen durch eine Relativbewegung in Form einer Rotation zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen pulverisiert werden, wobei gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform zwei Zerkleinerungselemente mit unterschiedlicher Drehzahl sowie gleicher oder entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung verwendet werden können.The pulverization is especially with regard to FIG. 7 explained in more detail. Analogous to FIG. 6 the ore to be comminuted is fed via the feed opening 41, which is located substantially in the center of the fixed element 40, into a comminuting space between the fixed element 40 and the rotary element 30. In FIG. 7 By way of example, individual ore lumps 50 are shown, which show the ore to be comminuted. After the nuggets 50 to be crushed come into contact with the rotary member 30 through the supply port 41, the rotation of the rotary member 30 causes the nuggets 50 to be accelerated radially outward and in the rotational direction of the rotary member 30. For this purpose, the two crushing elements form a crushing space, wherein one or more acceleration elements are arranged on at least the rotary member or the fixed element in order for an acceleration and a corresponding comminution of the supplied ore. As a result of the rotation of the rotary element 30, the ore to be comminuted is pulverized directly by the contact with the rotary element 30 and also pulverized by the contact of already partially comminuted ore and also by contact with the fixed element 40 in the comminuting space. This type of pulverization takes only a short time due to the small space requirement of the crushing space, with the powdered ore being transported outward through a gap 60 between the two crushing elements during rotation of the rotating element and away from both crushing elements, such as powdered ore 55 by way of example in FIG. 7 is shown. This means that the ore lumps are pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation between the two comminution elements, wherein according to a further embodiment, two comminution elements with different rotational speeds and the same or opposite direction of rotation can be used.

Figur 8 zeigt die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente von Figur 7 im aufgeklappten Zustand zusammen mit beispielhaft angeordnetem zu zerkleinerndem Erz 50 und pulverisiertem Erz 55. Das zu zerkleinernde Erz 50 wird über die Zuführöffnung 41 durch das Festelement 40 in den Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen zugeführt, wie bereits erläutert. Optional weist das Drehelement 30 einen Rampenbereich 31 auf, welcher vom Rampenbeginn 32 bis zum Rampenende 33 eine ansteigende Steigung aufweist und ein Teil des Zerkleinerungsraums sein kann. Durch die Rotation des Drehelements 30 wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz 50 aufgrund des ansteigenden Rampenbereichs 31 bereits zerkleinert, wie durch die kleiner werdenden kugelförmigen Erzpartikel 51 und 52 schematisch dargestellt. Der Rampenbereich 31 arbeitet dabei mit einem Ringbereich 42 des Festelements 40 zusammen. Anschließend daran wird das Erz von Vorsprüngen 35, welche als Beschleunigungselemente wirken, aufgrund der Rotation des Drehelements 30 beschleunigt und pulverisiert, welche in Figur 8 in gleichmäßigem Abstand in Umfangsrichtung des Drehelements 30 angeordnet sind. Das Festelement 40 kann ebenso Vorsprünge 45 aufweisen, welche analog zu den Vorsprüngen 35 des Drehelements 30 angeordnet sind. Zwischen den Vorsprüngen 35 des Drehelements sind entsprechende Aussparungen 36 an der Stirnseite des Drehelements 30 als Teil des Zerkleinerungsraums vorgesehen. Die Vorsprünge 35 weisen insbesondere einen vorbestimmten Winkel in dem Übergang zu den Aussparungen 36 auf, um das zu zerkleinernde Erz sowohl in radialer Richtung gemäß der Drehung als auch der Axialrichtung der Drehachse des Drehelements zu beschleunigen. Dadurch wird das zu zerkleinernde Erz in das Zentrum des Zerkleinerungsraums beschleunigt und trifft dort auf andere beschleunigte Erzelemente, so dass sich eine fiktive Pulverisierung durch den Mikroimpakt ergibt. FIG. 8 shows the two crushing elements of FIG. 7 in the unfolded state along with exemplarily arranged to be comminuted ore 50 and pulverized ore 55. The ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 41 through the fixed element 40 in the crushing space between the two crushing elements, as already explained. Optionally, the rotary member 30 has a ramp portion 31 which has a rising pitch from the start of the ramp 32 to the ramp end 33 and may be part of the crushing space. As a result of the rotation of the rotary element 30, the ore 50 to be comminuted is already comminuted on account of the rising ramp region 31, as shown schematically by the decreasing spherical ore particles 51 and 52. The ramp region 31 cooperates with a ring region 42 of the fixed element 40. Subsequently, the ore of protrusions 35 acting as accelerating members is accelerated and pulverized due to the rotation of the rotary member 30, which is in FIG. 8 are arranged at a uniform spacing in the circumferential direction of the rotary member 30. The fixed element 40 may also have projections 45, which are arranged analogously to the projections 35 of the rotary member 30. Between the projections 35 of the rotary member corresponding recesses 36 are provided on the end face of the rotary member 30 as part of the crushing space. Specifically, the protrusions 35 have a predetermined angle in the transition to the recesses 36 to accelerate the ore to be crushed in both the radial direction in accordance with the rotation and the axial direction of the rotation axis of the rotary member. As a result, the ore to be comminuted is accelerated into the center of the comminution space, where it encounters other accelerated ore elements, resulting in a fictitious pulverization by the micro-impact.

Optional weist das Festelement 30 entsprechende Aussparungen 46 zwischen den Vorsprüngen 45 des Festelements 40 auf. Nachdem das Erz zwischen dem Festelement 40 und dem Drehelement 30 insbesondere durch die Beschleunigung mittels der Vorsprünge 35, des Rampenbereichs 31 und der Vorsprünge 45 des Festelements aufgrund der Rotation pulverisiert worden ist, gelangt das pulverisierte Erz 45 in den Zwischenraum 60 zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40.Optionally, the fixed element 30 has corresponding recesses 46 between the projections 45 of the fixed element 40. After the ore between the fixed member 40 and the rotary member 30 has been pulverized by the acceleration by means of the protrusions 35, the ramp portion 31 and the protrusions 45 of the fixed member due to the rotation, the pulverized ore 45 enters the space 60 between the two crushing members 30 , 40.

Wie bereits beschrieben, wird der Zwischenraum 60 durch den variablen Abstand zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40 gebildet, wobei zusätzlich zu dem variablen Abstand sowohl in dem Drehelement 30 sternförmig von der Drehachse des Drehelements 30 wegführende Auslasseinschnitte 61 in dem Drehelement 30 vorgesehen sein können. Analog dazu sind Auslasseinschnitte 62 in dem Festelement 40 in gleichmäßigem Abstand vorgesehen. Wie schematisch im Hinblick auf Drehelement 30 in Figur 8 dargestellt, wird das pulverisierte Erz 55 durch die Auslasseinschnitte 61 bzw. 62 nach außen abgeführt. Falls der Abstand zwischen dem Drehelement 30 und dem Festelement 40 nahezu nicht vorhanden ist, d.h. dass die beiden Elemente im wesentlichen aneinander anliegen, so wird das pulverisierte Erz 55 im wesentlichen durch die Auslasseinschnitte 61 bzw. 62 nach außen abgeführt. Der variable Abstand zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen kann insbesondere durch eine Hydraulikeinrichtung eingestellt werden, wobei bevorzugt das Festelement 40 in axialer Richtung bezüglich dem Drehelement 30 variabel positioniert werden kann, um die Pulverisierung insbesondere auf ein unterschiedliches Erzmaterial im Hinblick auf die Größe bzw. Zusammensetzung einstellen zu können.As already described, the intermediate space 60 is formed by the variable distance between the two comminution elements 30, 40, wherein, in addition to the variable distance, outlet passages 61 leading away from the rotational axis of the rotary element 30 in the rotary element 30 may be provided in the rotary element 30. Similarly, Auslasseinschnitte 62 are provided in the fixed element 40 at a uniform spacing. As schematically with respect to rotary element 30 in FIG FIG. 8 2, the pulverized ore 55 is discharged to the outside through the outlet recesses 61 and 62, respectively. If the distance between the rotary member 30 and the fixed member 40 is almost non-existent, that is, the two members are substantially abutted against each other, the pulverized ore 55 is discharged to the outside substantially through the outlet recesses 61 and 62, respectively. The variable distance between the two comminution elements can be adjusted in particular by a hydraulic device, wherein preferably the fixed element 40 can be variably positioned in the axial direction with respect to the rotary element 30 to adjust the pulverization in particular to a different ore material in terms of size or composition can.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann das Festelement 30 oder das Drehelement 40 bzw. können die beiden Zerkleinerungselemente zu Reparatur- und Montagearbeiten hydraulisch in axialer Richtung auseinandergefahren werden. Alternativ hierzu können durch eine Schwenkbewegung von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente diese aus der Betriebsstellung heraus voneinander entfernt werden. Dadurch können beispielsweise die Beschleunigungselemente 35 oder andere mechanisch hoch belastete Elemente der Pulverisierungsseinrichtung bearbeitet oder ersetzt werden. Des weiteren ermöglicht dies, dass mechanisch hoch belastete Elemente innerhalb der Pulverisiereinrichtung bzw. beispielsweise die Beschleunigungselemente oder Vorsprünge 35 aus unterschiedlichen Materialien aufgebaut sein können und je nach Bedarf ausgetauscht werden können. Dadurch können Verschleißteile innerhalb des Zerkleinerungsraums, wie beispielsweise die Vorsprünge, ferner auch auf unterschiedliches Erzmaterial angepasst werden.According to a further embodiment, the fixed element 30 or the rotary element 40 or the two comminution elements can be moved apart hydraulically in the axial direction for repair and assembly work. Alternatively, they can be removed from the operating position by a pivoting movement of one of the two crushing elements from each other. As a result, for example, the acceleration elements 35 or other mechanically highly loaded elements of the pulverization device can be processed or replaced. Furthermore, this enables mechanically highly loaded elements within the Pulverisiereinrichtung or for example the accelerating elements or projections 35 may be constructed of different materials and can be replaced as needed. This allows wear parts within the crushing space, such as the projections, also adapted to different ore material.

Im Hinblick auf Figur 6, welche einen schematisch vergrößerten Abstand zwischen dem Drehelement 30 und dem Festelement 40 darstellt, ist ersichtlich, dass bei nur einem geringen Abstand das zu zerkleinernde Erz in radialer Richtung nach außen durch die Rotation geschleudert wird und von dem Gehäuse 3 aufgefangen wird, bevor das pulverisierte Erz über den Auslasstrichter 14 von der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung beispielsweise nur durch die Schwerkraft oder zusätzlich durch eine Absaugeinrichtung oder ähnliches abgeführt wird.With regard FIG. 6 , which illustrates a schematically enlarged distance between the rotary member 30 and the fixed member 40, it can be seen that at only a small distance the ore to be crushed is thrown radially outwardly by the rotation and is caught by the casing 3 before the pulverized Ore is discharged via the outlet funnel 14 of the device according to the invention, for example, only by gravity or additionally by a suction device or the like.

Figur 9 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Festelements 140, welches im Zentrum eine Zuführöffnung 141 aufweist. Im wesentlichen ist das Festelement 140 mit demjenigen von Figur 8 identisch, wobei das Festelement 140 schräg angestellte Auslasseinschnitte 162 aufweist, durch welche das pulverisierte Erz nach außen abtransportiert wird. FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a fixed element 140, which has a feed opening 141 in the center. In essence, the fixed element 140 is with that of FIG. 8 identical, wherein the fixed element 140 has obliquely Auslasseinschnitte 162 through which the pulverized ore is transported to the outside.

Das in Figur 9 gezeigte Festelement 41 kann in der dargestellten Form auch als zweites Drehelement verwendet werden, welches gegenüber dem in Figur 8 dargestellten Drehelements 30 eine unterschiedliche Relativgeschwindigkeit aufweisen kann. Die in Figur 9 gezeigte Ausführungsform eines Zerkleinerungselements weist einen Winkelbereich 144 auf, welcher sich jeweils zu beiden Seiten von dem Beschleunigungselement 143 zur Aussparung 145 hin erstreckt. Diese beiden Winkelbereiche 144 können jedoch je nach Drehrichtung auch nur an einer Seite des Beschleunigungselements 143 vorgesehen sein, um das zu zerkleinernde Erz je nach Drehrichtung des Zerkleinerungselements sowohl in radialer als auch in axialer Richtung bezüglich der Drehung des Zerkleinerungselements zu beschleunigen. Dadurch kann sich zusammen mit den Beschleunigungselementen des in Figur 8 gezeigten Drehelements 30 eine besonders effektive Pulverisierung ergeben, insbesondere wenn die Beschleunigungselemente des Drehelements 30 ebenso einen Winkelbereich aufweisen, der zu den Winkelbereichen 144 des Zerkleinerungselements von Figur 9 Kongruent sind beziehungsweise zueinander im wesentlichen spiegelbildlich angeordnet sind.This in FIG. 9 shown fixed element 41 may also be used in the illustrated form as a second rotary element, which compared to the in FIG. 8 illustrated rotary member 30 may have a different relative speed. In the FIG. 9 The embodiment of a comminution element shown has an angular range 144, which extends in each case on both sides from the acceleration element 143 to the recess 145. Depending on the direction of rotation, however, these two angular regions 144 may also be provided on only one side of the acceleration element 143 in order to accelerate the ore to be comminuted, depending on the direction of rotation of the comminuting element, both radially and axially with respect to the rotation of the comminuting element. As a result, together with the acceleration elements of the in FIG. 8 shown rotating element 30 give a particularly effective pulverization, especially if the acceleration elements of the rotary member 30 also have an angular range, which is the angular ranges 144 of the crushing of FIG. 9 Congruent are arranged or each other in a substantially mirror image.

In Figur 10 ist ein Querschnitt des Festelements 40 von Figur 8 dargestellt, wobei die Zuführöffnung 41 einen trichterförmigen Aufbau aufweist.In FIG. 10 is a cross section of the fixed element 40 of FIG. 8 illustrated, wherein the feed opening 41 has a funnel-shaped structure.

Gemäß Figur 11 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der Zerkleinerungselemente gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dargestellt.According to FIG. 11 a further embodiment of the crushing elements according to the present invention is shown.

Alternativ zu den Zerkleinerungselementen gemäß der Figuren 7 bis 10 sind in den Figuren 11 bis 13 weitere Ausführungsformen für zusammenwirkende Zerkleinerungselemente dargestellt, welche innerhalb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 6 angeordnet sein können.Alternatively to the crushing elements according to the FIGS. 7 to 10 are in the FIGS. 11 to 13 further embodiments for cooperating crushing elements shown, which within the inventive device according to FIG. 6 can be arranged.

In Figur 11 ist ein Festelement 240 und ein rotierendes Drehelement 230 dargestellt, wobei das zu zerkleinernde Erz 50 über die Zuführöffnung 241 in den Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen das Festelement 240 und das Drehelement 230 zugeführt wird. Wie aus Figur 11 ferner ersichtlich ist, ist der Zerkleinerungsraum zwischen dem Festelement 240 und dem Drehelement 230 von der Drehachse des Drehelements 230 nach außen im wesentlichen konisch verjüngend ausgebildet, wodurch die Pulverisierung des Erzes zum einen bewerkstelligt wird. Zum anderen ist aus Figur 12 ersichtlich, dass das Drehelement 230 Aussparungen 236 aufweist, welche in gleichmäßigem Abstand um die Drehachse des Drehelements angeordnet sind. Diese Aussparungen 236 sorgen insbesondere durch die schräg angeordneten Übergänge der Aussparung 236 für eine Beschleunigung und damit eine Pulverisierung des Erzes aufgrund der Rotation, welche für eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Drehelement 230 und dem Festelement 240 sorgt.In FIG. 11 For example, a fixed element 240 and a rotating rotary element 230 are shown, wherein the ore to be comminuted 50 is fed via the feed opening 241 into the comminuting space between the fixed element 240 and the rotary element 230. How out FIG. 11 Further, the crushing space between the fixed member 240 and the rotary member 230 is formed from the rotation axis of the rotary member 230 to the outside substantially conically tapered, whereby the pulverization of the ore is accomplished on the one hand. The other is off FIG. 12 it can be seen that the rotary element 230 has recesses 236, which are arranged at a uniform distance around the axis of rotation of the rotary element. These recesses 236 provide in particular by the obliquely arranged transitions of the recess 236 for an acceleration and thus a pulverization of the ore due to the rotation, which ensures a relative movement between the rotary member 230 and the fixed element 240.

In Figur 13 ist das Festelement 240 von Figur 11 dargestellt, welches zusammen mit dem Drehelement 230 von Figur 12 zusammenwirkt. Das Festelement 240 zeigt im Querschnitt in Figur 13 die Zuführöffnung 241. Das Festelement 240 weist analog zu dem Drehelement 230 Aussparungen 246 in radialer Richtung um das Zentrum der Drehachse auf. Insbesondere sorgen die abgeschrägten Bereiche der Aussparungen 236, 246 des Drehelements 230 und des Festelements 240 für eine Beschleunigung und Zerkleinerung des Erzes, welches in pulverisierter Form durch den Zwischenraum 260 zwischen dem Drehelement 230 und dem Festelement 240 nach außen abgeführt wird.In FIG. 13 is the fixed element 240 of FIG. 11 shown, which together with the rotary member 230 of FIG. 12 interacts. The fixed element 240 shows in cross section in FIG. 13 the feed opening 241. The fixed element 240 has analogous to the rotary member 230 recesses 246 in the radial direction about the center of the axis of rotation. In particular, the chamfered portions of the recesses 236, 246 of the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 provide for an acceleration and crushing of the ore, which is discharged in powdered form through the gap 260 between the rotary member 230 and the fixed member 240 to the outside.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird so ein Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial und/oder insbesondere von Schlacke bereitgestellt, wobei die Erzzuführeinrichtung 1 zur Zuführung von zu zerkleinerndem Erz 50 zu einer Pulverisierungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Die Pulverisierungseinrichtung ist zumindest aus zwei zueinander beweglichen Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40 aufgebaut, welche derart miteinander einen Zerkleinerungsraum für das zu zerkleinernde Erz bilden, dass durch eine Relativbewegung in Form einer Rotation von zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente 30, 40 das zu zerkleinernde Erz dadurch pulverisiert wird, dass an zumindest einem der Zerkleinerungselemente 30, 40 ein oder mehrere Beschleunigungselemente, insbesondere Vorsprünge, vorgesehen sind, welche insbesondere an der Stirnseite von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente 30, 40 angeordnet sind, und welche durch die Rotation von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente 30, 40 das zu zerkleinernde Erz beschleunigen bzw. zerkleinern. Zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40 und/oder in zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente ist ein Zwischenraum 60 vorgesehen, durch welchen während der Rotation das pulverisierte Erz von dem Zentrum der Rotation bzw. von der Drehachse des Drehelements nach außen sowie von den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen 30, 40 weg transportiert wird. Das dadurch zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen pulverisierte Erz wird durch die Auslasseinrichtung, welche mit dem Zwischenraum 60 verbunden ist, nach außen abgeführt.According to the invention, a method for comminuting ore material and / or, in particular, slag is thus provided, wherein the ore feed device 1 is provided for supplying ore to be comminuted 50 to a pulverization device. The Pulverisierungseinrichtung is at least of two mutually movable crushing elements 30, 40 formed, which together form a crushing space for the ore to be comminuted, that by a relative movement in the form of rotation of at least one of the two crushing elements 30, 40, the crushed ore is thereby pulverized in that one or more acceleration elements, in particular projections, are provided on at least one of the comminuting elements 30, 40, which are arranged in particular on the front side of one of the two comminuting elements 30, 40, and which are produced by the rotation of one of the two comminution elements 30, 40 accelerate the ore to be crushed or mince. Between the two comminution elements 30, 40 and / or in at least one of the two comminution elements, a gap 60 is provided, through which during the rotation the pulverized ore from the center of the rotation or from the axis of rotation of the rotary element to the outside and from the two comminution elements 30th , 40 is transported away. The ore pulverized thereby between the two crushing elements is discharged to the outside through the outlet means connected to the space 60.

Rein optional kann während des Zerkleinerungsprozesses noch Wasser durch einen nicht dargestellten Wassereinlass oder durch Zuführung von Wasser durch die Erzzuführeinrichtung in die Zerkleinerungskammer zugeführt werden. Das Wasser bildet dabei zusammen mit dem Erz während und nach der Pulverisierung eine schlammartige Verbindung, wobei das Wasser zusammen mit dem pulverisierten Erzmaterial durch die Auslasseinrichtung abtransportiert wird.Purely optionally, water can still be fed through the ore feed device into the comminution chamber during the comminution process through a water inlet (not shown) or through the supply of water. The water forms together with the ore during and after the pulverization a mud-like compound, wherein the water is transported together with the pulverized ore material through the outlet device.

Wie bereits im Hinblick auf Figur 8 erläutert worden ist, ist der Rampenbereich 31 besonders für die Zerkleinerung von Schlacke vorteilhaft, da ein derartiger Rampenbereich am Drehelement für eine Vorzerkleinerung von Schlacke aufgrund der Rotation des Drehelements sorgt, wobei in Transportrichtung nach dem Rampenbereich Vorsprünge und/oder Aussparungen gemäß der Erfindung in den Zerkleinerungselementen vorgesehen sind, um die besonders spröde und harte Schlacke zu pulverisieren.As already with regard to FIG. 8 has been explained, the ramp area 31 is particularly advantageous for the slag crushing, since such a ramp area on the rotary member for pre-shredding of slag due to the rotation of the rotary member provides, in the transport direction after the ramp area projections and / or recesses according to the invention in the Crushing elements are provided to pulverize the particularly brittle and hard slag.

Für den Fachmann ist es ohne Weiteres ersichtlich, dass die Anzahl der Vorsprünge an den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen jeweils gleich sein kann, wobei jedoch auch eine unterschiedliche Anzahl von Beschleunigungselementen an den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen vorgesehen sein kann.It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the number of protrusions on the two comminution elements may be the same, however, a different number of accelerator elements may be provided on the two comminution elements.

Gemäß einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform können beide Zerkleinerungselemente in entgegengesetzter Richtung rotieren, um die Relativbewegung zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen zu erhöhen. Dies führt jedoch zu einem höheren baulichen Aufwand und ist nur in besonderen Fällen vorzunehmen.According to an embodiment, not shown, both crushing elements can rotate in the opposite direction to increase the relative movement between the two crushing elements. However, this leads to a higher construction costs and is to be made only in special cases.

Insbesondere ist die Form der Zerkleinerungskammer, welche von den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen gebildet wird, in unterschiedlichen Arten ausführbar, wobei unterschiedliche Arten von Beschleunigungselementen in plattenförmiger oder keilförmiger oder ähnlicher Form angeordnet sein können, durch welche das zu zerkleinernde Erz zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen beschleunigt und dadurch pulverisiert wird.In particular, the shape of the crushing chamber, which is formed by the two crushing elements, in different ways executable, with different types of accelerating elements may be arranged in plate-shaped or wedge-shaped or similar form, accelerated by the ore to be crushed between the two crushing elements and thereby pulverized becomes.

Gemäß einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform kann neben der Zerkleinerung zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen auch noch eine weitere Zerkleinerungskammer vorgesehen sein, welche unabhängig von den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen vorgesehen ist, aber jedoch in die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung integriert ist.According to an embodiment, not shown, in addition to the crushing between the two crushing elements may also be provided a further crushing chamber, which is provided independently of the two crushing elements, but is integrated into the device according to the invention.

So wird eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Zerkleinerung von Erzmaterial und/oder insbesondere von Schlacke beschrieben, welche eine Erzzuführeinrichtung zur Zuführung von zu zerkleinerndem Erz zu einer Pulverisiereinrichtung umfasst, wobei die Pulverisiereinrichtung zumindest aus zwei zueinander beweglichen Zerkleinerungselementen aufgebaut ist, welche derart miteinander zumindest einen Zerkleinerungsraum für das zu zerkleinernde Erz bilden, dass durch eine Relativbewegung in Form einer Rotation von zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente das zu zerkleinernde Erz dadurch pulverisiert wird, dass an zumindest einem der Zerkleinerungselemente ein oder mehrere Beschleunigungselemente, insbesondere Vorsprünge, vorgesehen sind, welche insbesondere an der Stirnseite von zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente angeordnet sind und welche durch die Rotation von einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente das zu zerkleinernde Erz beschleunigen und zerkleinern, und wobei zwischen den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen und/oder in zumindest einem der beiden Zerkleinerungselemente ein Zwischenraum vorgesehen ist, durch welchen während der Rotation das pulverisierte Erz von dem Zentrum der Rotation nach außen und von den beiden Zerkleinerungselementen weg transportiert wird, und wobei eine Auslasseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche mit dem Zwischenraum verbunden ist, durch welche das pulverisierte Erz abgeführt wird.Thus, a device according to the invention and a method according to the invention for comminuting ore material and / or slag is described, which comprises an ore feed device for supplying ore to be comminuted to a pulverizer, wherein the Pulverisiereinrichtung is constructed of at least two mutually movable crushing elements, which in such a way form at least one comminuting space for the ore to be comminuted, that the ore to be comminuted is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two comminuting elements by providing one or more acceleration elements, in particular protrusions, on at least one of the comminution elements are arranged in particular on the front side of at least one of the two crushing elements and which besbes the ore to be crushed by the rotation of one of the two crushing elements accelerate and crush, and wherein between the two crushing elements and / or in at least one of the two crushing elements is provided a gap through which during the rotation of the pulverized ore is transported from the center of rotation to the outside and from the two crushing elements, and wherein an outlet device is provided, which is connected to the intermediate space through which the pulverized ore is discharged.

Claims (18)

  1. A device for crushing ore material and/or in particular slag, which includes an ore feed device (1) for feeding ore to be crushed to a pulverizing device, wherein the pulverizing device is made up of at least two crushing elements (30, 40) that are movable relative to one another and which together form at least one crushing space for the ore to be crushed, the ore to be crushed is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40), one or more acceleration elements (35, 236, 246) in the form of protrusions (35) or recesses (236, 246) are provided on at least one of the crushing elements (30, 40), and the acceleration elements are situated in particular on the end-face side of one of the two crushing elements (30, 40), and via the rotation of one of the two crushing elements (30, 40) accelerate and crush the ore to be crushed,
    wherein between the two crushing elements (30, 40) and/or in at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40) an intermediate space (60) is provided, through which the pulverized ore is transported from the center of rotation to the outside and away from the two crushing elements (30, 40) during the rotation,
    and wherein a discharge device (14), connected to the intermediate space (60), is provided, through which the pulverized ore is discharged,
    characterized in that at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40) additionally has an ascending circular ramp area (31) as part of the crushing space, via which the ore and/or in particular slag to be crushed are/is accelerated and crushed.
  2. The device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the acceleration element or the acceleration elements (35, 236) each has/have protrusions (35) or recesses (236, 246) that act on the ore to be crushed in such a way that the ore to be crushed is moved away from the acceleration elements (35) in such a way that portions of the ore that are accelerated by the acceleration elements collide with other portions of the ore to be crushed in the crushing space, in particular forming a microimpact, wherein in particular the acceleration elements (35, 236, 246) have an angular area that is oblique with respect to the end face of the crushing elements (30, 40), and via which the ore to be crushed is accelerated in the direction of the crushing space due to the rotation of the crushing element (30, 40).
  3. The device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more acceleration elements (35) are provided with protrusions (35) on each of the two crushing elements (30, 40), wherein a relative speed between the acceleration elements of the one crushing element is different from that of the other crushing element.
  4. The device according to Claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the two crushing elements (30, 40) are made up of a stationary fixed element (40) and a rotating rotary element (30), wherein the fixed element (40) has a feed opening (41), essentially in its center, for feeding the ore to be crushed, and wherein the two crushing elements (30, 40) are accommodated in a housing (3) that includes the discharge device (14).
  5. The device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the rotary element (30) may be set in rotation at least with respect to the fixed element (40) by means of a motor (8), wherein the crushing space is formed between the fixed element (40) and the rotary element (30) by providing corresponding recesses (36, 46) in at least the rotary element (30) and/or the fixed element (40), so that the ore is pulverized by the relative movement between the fixed element (40) and the rotary element (30).
  6. The device according to one of Claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the crushing space between the fixed element (40) and the rotary element (30) has an essentially conically tapered design from the rotational axis of the rotary element (30) to the outside.
  7. The device according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the rotation of the rotary element (30) is variable by a gear or an adjustable belt drive (9, 10, 11).
  8. The device according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the ramp area (31) is provided in the transport direction of the ore material and/or of the slag, downstream from the feed opening (41) of the fixed element (40) and upstream from the protrusions (35, 45) and/or recesses (36, 46) of the two crushing elements (30, 40).
  9. The device according to one of Claims 4 to 8, characterized in that a ramp area is provided on the fixed element (40), and cooperates with the ramp area of the rotary element (30) in such a way that the ore to be crushed is accelerated and crushed due to the inclinations of the two ramp areas.
  10. The device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the intermediate space (60) between the two crushing elements (30, 40) is adjustable in the axial direction of the rotation via a variable distance between the two crushing elements (30, 40), wherein the intermediate space (60) includes in particular outlet indentations (61, 62) in the rotary element (30) and/or the fixed element (40) that lead in a star-shaped pattern away from the rotational axis of the rotary element.
  11. The device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the variable distance between the two crushing elements (30, 40) is adjustable by a hydraulic device which in particular varies the distance between the two crushing elements in the axial direction with respect to the rotation.
  12. The device according to Claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the pulverizing device has a water inlet into the crushing chamber, through which a predetermined quantity of water is supplied to the ore to be crushed.
  13. A method for crushing ore material and/or in particular slag, wherein an ore feed device (1) for feeding ore to be crushed to a pulverizing device is provided, wherein the pulverizing device is made up of at least two crushing elements (30, 40) that are movable relative to one another and which together form at least one crushing space for the ore to be crushed, the ore to be crushed is pulverized by a relative movement in the form of a rotation of at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40), one or more acceleration elements, in particular protrusions (35), are provided on at least one of the crushing elements (30, 40), and the acceleration elements are situated in particular on the end-face side of one of the two crushing elements (30, 40), and via the rotation of one of the two crushing elements (30, 40) accelerate and crush the ore to be crushed,
    wherein between the two crushing elements (30, 40) and/or in at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40) an intermediate space (60) is provided, through which the pulverized ore is transported from the center of rotation to the outside and away from the two crushing elements (30, 40) during the rotation,
    and wherein a discharge device (14), connected to the intermediate space (60), is provided, through which the pulverized ore is discharged,
    characterized in that the ore and/or in particular slag to be crushed are/is accelerated and crushed by an ascending circular ramp area (31) as part of the crushing space situated at at least one of the two crushing elements (30, 40).
  14. The method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the ore to be crushed is pulverized between crushing elements with acceleration elements and the resulting crushing space, situated on both crushing elements (30, 40), and is pulverized due to a different relative speed between the two crushing elements.
  15. The method according to Claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the ore to be crushed is supplied to the crushing space through a feed opening (41) essentially in the center of one of the two crushing elements (30, 40).
  16. The method according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the two crushing elements (30, 40) are made up of a stationary fixed element (40) and a rotating rotary element (30), wherein the rotary element (30) is set in rotation at least with respect to the fixed element (40) by means of a motor (8).
  17. The method according to Claim 16, characterized in that the crushing space between the fixed element (40) and the rotary element (30) is further formed by corresponding recesses (36, 46) in at least the rotary element (30) and/or the fixed element (40), so that the ore is pulverized by the relative movement between the fixed element (40) and the rotary element (30).
  18. The method according to one of Claims 13 to 17, characterized in that water is supplied to the crushing space through a water inlet, and together with the pulverized ore is transported away through the discharge device.
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WO2011038914A1 (en) 2011-04-07
WO2011038914A4 (en) 2011-07-21
CL2012000784A1 (en) 2012-07-20
EP2762233A1 (en) 2014-08-06
PL2482987T3 (en) 2014-09-30
RU2562836C2 (en) 2015-09-10
DK2482987T3 (en) 2014-06-30
EP2482987B1 (en) 2014-04-02
EP2482987A1 (en) 2012-08-08
CN102596414B (en) 2015-03-25
CN102596414A (en) 2012-07-18
BR112012007270A2 (en) 2020-12-22
PE20121666A1 (en) 2012-12-22
PT2482987E (en) 2014-05-26
SI2482987T1 (en) 2014-08-29
AU2010300248B2 (en) 2014-07-03
ZA201202309B (en) 2012-11-28
BR112012007270B1 (en) 2021-08-31
NZ599662A (en) 2013-05-31
WO2011038914A9 (en) 2013-10-24
US8800900B2 (en) 2014-08-12
RU2012118520A (en) 2013-12-27
DE102009047818A1 (en) 2011-04-07
US20130048766A1 (en) 2013-02-28
CA2775615C (en) 2018-01-16
AU2010300248A1 (en) 2012-05-24
CA2775615A1 (en) 2011-04-07
CL2012000807A1 (en) 2012-07-20
ES2477223T3 (en) 2014-07-16

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