EP2746049A1 - Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2746049A1
EP2746049A1 EP12198762.2A EP12198762A EP2746049A1 EP 2746049 A1 EP2746049 A1 EP 2746049A1 EP 12198762 A EP12198762 A EP 12198762A EP 2746049 A1 EP2746049 A1 EP 2746049A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
printing
intaglio
intaglio printing
printed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12198762.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Chassot
Raymond Héritier
Denis Vörös
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KBA Notasys SA
Original Assignee
KBA Notasys SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KBA Notasys SA filed Critical KBA Notasys SA
Priority to EP12198762.2A priority Critical patent/EP2746049A1/fr
Priority to CA2895221A priority patent/CA2895221A1/fr
Priority to KR1020157018090A priority patent/KR20150096690A/ko
Priority to BR112015014589A priority patent/BR112015014589A2/pt
Priority to AU2013365732A priority patent/AU2013365732B2/en
Priority to RU2015126330A priority patent/RU2646727C2/ru
Priority to EP13830185.8A priority patent/EP2934893B1/fr
Priority to JP2015548859A priority patent/JP6313782B2/ja
Priority to US14/653,622 priority patent/US10150283B2/en
Priority to CN201380069673.6A priority patent/CN104918787B/zh
Priority to PCT/IB2013/061170 priority patent/WO2014097227A1/fr
Priority to MX2015008081A priority patent/MX2015008081A/es
Publication of EP2746049A1 publication Critical patent/EP2746049A1/fr
Priority to PH12015501431A priority patent/PH12015501431A1/en
Priority to ZA2015/05213A priority patent/ZA201505213B/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
    • B41F9/06—Details
    • B41F9/08—Wiping mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F11/00—Rotary presses or machines having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress, lithographic, or intaglio processes selectively or in combination
    • B41F11/02—Rotary presses or machines having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress, lithographic, or intaglio processes selectively or in combination for securities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
    • B41F33/0045—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control for automatically regulating the ink supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
    • B41F9/02—Rotary intaglio printing presses for multicolour printing
    • B41F9/021—Sheet printing presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F9/00—Rotary intaglio printing presses
    • B41F9/06—Details
    • B41F9/061—Inking devices
    • B41F9/063—Using inking rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/12—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor non-metallic other than stone, e.g. printing plates or foils comprising inorganic materials in an organic matrix
    • B41N1/14—Lithographic printing foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in particular to a method for controlling intaglio printing, as well as to a control range intended for intaglio printing, in particular for the printing of securities, in particular banknotes.
  • the present invention also relates to the use as well as the application of such a control range for verifying the printability of a safety pattern to be printed in intaglio, as well as for the control and, the if necessary, the adjustment of the printing parameters of an intaglio printing press.
  • the intaglio is a secular printing technique which consists of printing patterns in relief by means of an intaglio printing plate (which is designated in the context of the present invention by the expression "plate of intaglio print ").
  • the intaglio printing plate is inked on its surface by means of one or more inks. The surplus of ink off the engravings is then wiped and pushed inside the engravings.
  • the printing plate thus inked and wiped is applied against a printable substrate (eg fiduciary paper) in a press exerting a high printing pressure and pressing the substrate against the printing plate so that the ink of the engravings is transferred to the substrate.
  • a printable substrate eg fiduciary paper
  • Intaglio printing presses as used for the production of securities, in particular banknotes, are for example described in Swiss Patent No. CH 477 293 A5 , European patent applications published under Nos. EP 0 091 709 A1 , EP 0 406 157 A1 , EP 0 415 881 A2 , EP 0 563 007 A1 , EP 0 873 866 A1 , EP 1 602 483 A1 , and international applications published under Nos.
  • intaglio printing plates were hand-engraved in a soft metal plate, for example copper, brass or other suitable metal or metal alloy.
  • the tools used by the engraver typically consisted of chisels or punches whose end was sharpened and adapted to the desired dimensions of the patterns to be engraved, the latter motifs consisting essentially of lines and curves modulated in dimensions, depending on the action exerted by the engraver, to produce tonal variations reproducing the half-tones of the image to be engraved, for example a portrait.
  • the intaglio printing technique is particularly used in the field of the printing of securities, in particular for the printing of bank notes, intaglio printing remaining one of the printing techniques more difficult to counterfeit.
  • the present Applicant has proposed an innovative approach for the production of intaglio printing plates, an approach which is described in the international application published under No. WO 03/103962 A1 (which application is incorporated by reference as a whole in the context of this application).
  • This method consists in generating a set of three-dimensional digital data consisting of pixels each representative of an elementary point to be etched in the surface of the plate, the etching being performed pixel by pixel on the basis of said three-dimensional digital data.
  • a printing plate can be directly etched.
  • a printing plate precursor preferably a metal plate carrying a polymer layer
  • the Figure 1 shows for illustration a black and white reproduction of a specimen of bank note produced by the Claimant and distributed to the public on the occasion of the XIX th International Conference of Security Printers ( XIX th International Security Printers Conference ”) Organized by Intergraf ( www.intergraf.eu ) and held during May 2003 in Montreux (Switzerland).
  • This specimen representing Lord Byron, was produced according to the aforementioned CTiP® process, all the elements visible on the Figure 1 consisting of multicolored elements printed intaglio.
  • the printer must in particular carry out an adjustment of the printing pressure (that is to say the pressure exerted between the intaglio printing plate and the substrate to be printed), the ink charge (i.e., the amount of ink applied to the intaglio printing plate), as well as the wiping.
  • the printing pressure that is to say the pressure exerted between the intaglio printing plate and the substrate to be printed
  • the ink charge i.e., the amount of ink applied to the intaglio printing plate
  • the present invention aims to meet these needs.
  • a general object of the present invention is therefore to improve the techniques and solutions of the prior art.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose a solution enabling a printer to evaluate and measure in an objective (and quantifiable) way the capacity of a security design that can be printed intaglio.
  • an object of the present invention is to propose a solution enabling a printer to objectively perform the basic adjustment of an intaglio printing press for the printing of a safety drawing, by example a bank note, based on objective and measurable control elements.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a solution enabling a printer to evaluate and measure in an objective (and quantifiable) manner the effects of intaglio print parameters on the printed result, in particular the equilibrium. between the printing pressure and the ink charge as reflected on the printed result.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to propose a solution enabling a printer to quantify the variations in quality, density, positive and negative fattening of the printed lines (or "line gain") with respect to an expected result. and thus to limit or mitigate the effects of these variations on the print quality, thus ensuring a good repeatability of the print.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a solution enabling a printer to identify and objectively and quantifiably diagnose the probable source of a possible printing problem, by relying on objective control means and measurable to allow it to include or exclude potential causes of the potential printing problem.
  • the present invention serves these purposes by providing a method for controlling an intaglio printing whose characteristics are set forth in independent claim 1.
  • printing pressure, ink charge, and wiping are print parameters that can affect intaglio printing.
  • the printing pressure and the ink charge are adjusted until the measurements made in the printed control areas reflect an optimal balance between the printing pressure and the ink charge.
  • Such optimal equilibrium is in particular preferably determined on the basis of measurements made in the printed control areas, which measures include a measurement of optical density (or “optical density "), of line cleanliness (or “raggedness "). and the fill rate of line (or " fill ").
  • control ranges include at least one control range for each ink used, and measurements made in the printed control areas are made for each ink individually.
  • the measurements made in the printed control areas include the measurement of a line cleanliness (" raggedness "), the measurement of a fill rate (" fill”), and the measurement of an optical density according to a given measurement standard, in particular according to ISO / IEC 13660: 2001 or ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012 (which cancels and replaces ISO / IEC 13660: 2001).
  • the measurement of the line cleanliness (" raggedness "), the measurement of the fill rate of the line (“ fill ”) as well as the measurement of the optical density (“ optical density”) are performed on printed lines oriented substantially at ⁇ 45 ° with respect to a printing direction and preferably having a line width of between 30 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m.
  • the measurements made in the printed control areas further include the measurement of a contrast, which measurement allows an objective evaluation of the printability of multi-tone elements.
  • the measurements made in the printed control areas should preferably make it possible to constitute a sampling of measurements representative of the printing of engravings of various depths, in particular engravings whose depth varies within a range of values less than or equal to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the method further comprises a step of verifying the printability of a security design to be printed intaglio by means of the intaglio printing plate, provided that the measurements made in the printed control areas show that the print parameters are adequate.
  • the printing parameters of an intaglio printing press are checked and, if necessary, adjusted, according to the measurements made in the printed control areas.
  • the present invention also fulfills the above-mentioned purposes by providing a control range whose characteristics are set forth in independent claim 11. Advantageous variants of this control range are presented in the following description and are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • control range according to the present invention finds a particularly advantageous application for the purpose of allowing a verification of the printability of a security design to be printed in intaglio by means of an intaglio printing plate provided with the control range.
  • control range according to the present invention finds another particularly advantageous application for the purpose of allowing the control and, where appropriate, the adjustment of the printing parameters of an intaglio printing press, in particular of the pressure printing and ink charge.
  • control range according to the present invention also finds an advantageous application for the purpose of enabling quality control of the intaglio printing plate itself.
  • the present invention also relates to an etched plate for intaglio printing, in particular an intaglio printing plate or an intaglio printing plate precursor, comprising the abovementioned control range made in a portion of the plate. etched, the control pads being etched in the portion of the engraved plate, preferably in a portion forming a margin on an end portion of the intaglio printing plate.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to any digital origination file intended for the production of an intaglio printing plate, comprising a set of digital data representative of a safety drawing to be engraved, as well as a set of numerical data representative of the aforementioned control range.
  • the Figure 2 schematically illustrates an intaglio printing press generally designated by reference numeral 1. More specifically, the Figure 2 shows an intaglio printing press 1 to the sheet comprising a sheet feed unit 2 for feeding sheets to be printed, an intaglio printing unit 3 for printing the sheets, and a sheet delivery unit 4 to collect the freshly printed sheets.
  • the intaglio printing unit 3 comprises a printing cylinder 7 (three-segment), a plate cylinder 8 (in this example, it is a three-segment cylinder carrying three plates).
  • an inking system comprising an ink collecting cylinder, or Orlof cylinder, 9 (here it is a three-segment blanket cylinder carrying a corresponding number of blankets) for the inking of the surface of the intaglio printing plates carried by the plate cylinder 8, and an ink wiping system 10 for wiping the inked surface of the intaglio printing plates carried by the plate cylinder 8 , before printing leaves.
  • an inking system comprising an ink collecting cylinder, or Orlof cylinder, 9 (here it is a three-segment blanket cylinder carrying a corresponding number of blankets) for the inking of the surface of the intaglio printing plates carried by the plate cylinder 8
  • an ink wiping system 10 for wiping the inked surface of the intaglio printing plates carried by the plate cylinder 8 , before printing leaves.
  • the sheets are fed from the sheet feed unit 2 to a feed table, or feeder, and then transferred one by one to the printing cylinder 7.
  • the sheets are then conveyed by the printing cylinder 7 to the point where between the printing cylinder 7 and the plate cylinder 8, where the intaglio printing itself takes place.
  • the sheets are transferred from the printing cylinder 7 to a sheet conveyor system 15 for transport and delivery to the sheet delivery unit 4.
  • the sheet conveyor system 15 conventionally includes a system sheet conveyor comprising a pair of chains without end resulting in a plurality of spaced apart gripper bars holding the sheets by their front portion (the freshly printed face of the sheets being downwardly oriented during the path of the sheets from the printing unit 3 to the sheet issuing unit 4 ), the sheets being transferred successively to a corresponding clamp bar of the conveyor system.
  • the optical inspection system 5 is advantageously a compliant inspection system. to that disclosed in the international application published under No. WO 2011/161656 A1 , which inspection system 5 includes a transfer mechanism and an inspection drum located at a transfer section between the impression cylinder 7 and the chain drive wheels of the sheet conveyor system 15.
  • the system inspection 5 may alternatively be arranged on the path of the sheet conveyor system 15, for example in the image of inspection systems described in international applications published under nos. WO 97/36813 A1 , WO 97/37329 A1 , and WO 03/070465 A1 .
  • Such inspection systems are in particular marketed by the Applicant under the designation of NotaSave® product.
  • the printed sheets Prior to delivery, the printed sheets are preferably transported in front of a drying or curing unit 6 disposed after the inspection system 5 along the transport path of the sheet conveyor system 15. Drying or curing could if necessary, be carried out before the optical inspection of the sheets.
  • the Figure 3 is a schematic view of the intaglio printing unit 3 of the intaglio printing press 1 of the Figure 2 .
  • the printing unit 3 essentially comprises the printing cylinder 7, the plate cylinder 8 with its printing plates intaglio system with its ink collecting cylinder 9, and the ink wiping system 10. As can be seen from
  • the printing cylinder 7 and the plate cylinder 8 are three-segment cylinders 7b, resp. 8b, each presenting three pits 7a, resp. 8a, where are typically the retaining means necessary for mounting the blankets (in the case of the printing cylinder 7 or the ink collecting cylinder 9) or intaglio printing plates (with respect to the cylinder door -plate 8).
  • the inking system comprises in this example five inking devices 20, all of which cooperate with the ink collecting cylinder 9 which is in contact with the plate cylinder 8. It will thus be understood that the inking system illustrated is adapted for the indirect inking of the plate cylinder 8, namely intaglio printing plates, via the ink collecting cylinder 9.
  • the inking devices 20 each comprise an inkwell comprising an inkwell roller 21 cooperating in this example with a pair of ink application rollers 22.
  • Each pair of ink application rollers 22 in turn ink a corresponding pinch cylinder 23 which is in contact with the ink collecting cylinder 9.
  • the surface of the stencil cylinders 23 is structured so as to have portions in relief corresponding to the areas of the intaglio printing plates to receive the corresponding color inks provided by r inking devices 20.
  • both the printing cylinder 7 and the plate cylinder 8 are supported by a stationary (main) frame 50 of the printing press 1.
  • the inking devices 20 (including the ink fountain roller 21 and ink application rollers 22) are in turn supported in a mobile inking carriage 52, while the ink collecting cylinder 9 and the stencil cylinders 23 are supported in an intermediate carriage 51 located between the inking carriage 52 and the stationary frame 50.
  • the inking carriage 52 and the intermediate carriage 51 are advantageously suspended under support rails.
  • numeral 52 designates the inking carriage in a recessed position indicated in broken lines. It is understood that the intermediate carriage 51 is also mobile.
  • the double carriage configuration of the intaglio printing press 1 as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 2 and 3 corresponds essentially to the configuration described in the international applications published under Nos. WO 03/047862 A1 , WO 2011/077348 A1 , WO 2011/077350 A1 and WO 2011/077351 A1 .
  • the ink wiper system 10 typically includes a wiper, wiper (or roller) 11 supported on and partially located in the wiper tub to engage the platen roller 8, cleaning means (not shown) for removing ink residues wiped from the surface of the wiper roll 11, and a drying blade (not shown) placed in contact with the surface of the wiper roll 11 to remove the solution residues for wiping the surface of the wiping cylinder 11.
  • a wiper, wiper (or roller) 11 supported on and partially located in the wiper tub to engage the platen roller 8, cleaning means (not shown) for removing ink residues wiped from the surface of the wiper roll 11, and a drying blade (not shown) placed in contact with the surface of the wiper roll 11 to remove the solution residues for wiping the surface of the wiping cylinder 11.
  • FIG. Figure 4 A schematic example of an intaglio printing plate, generally designated by the reference numeral 80, is illustrated in FIG. Figure 4 .
  • This printing plate 80 is typically made of a suitable metal (for example nickel) whose surface is provided with a wear resistant coating (for example a chromium coating).
  • a wear resistant coating for example a chromium coating.
  • the front and end ends of the intaglio printing plate 80 (relative to the direction of printing indicated by the arrow I in the Figure 4 ) are provided with a set of orifices for fixing the intaglio printing plate 80 on the circumference of a plate cylinder of an intaglio printing press (like the plate cylinder 8 of the Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • Suitable means are conventionally used to carry out engravings in the surface of the printing plate 80. These engravings can advantageously be made according to the principles set forth in the international applications published under Nos. WO 03/103962 A1 and WO 2009/138901 A1 , already mentioned above, both of which relate to the CTiP® technique developed by the Applicant. Other techniques may, however, be used to perform these etchings, and the present invention is not specifically limited to a particular etching technique.
  • Reference numeral 100 in the Figure 4 designates an individual security design, very schematically represented by a simple rectangular shape, corresponding to a security impression to be made, for example a bank note, like the image shown in FIG. Figure 1 .
  • Reference numeral 100A denotes the set of safety drawings 100, repeated, as is conventionally the case, in the form of a matrix arrangement (here comprising five columns and eight rows), which is intended to be printed on the sheets .
  • Reference numeral 150 designates a control range according to the invention illustrated very schematically, an essential function of which is to enable a printer to perform, on the sheets printed by means of the plate Intaglio print 80, various measures relating to intaglio printing.
  • control range 150 (170) is made in this example on the end portion of the printing plate 80, so that the corresponding print appears on the end portion of the sheets.
  • FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a control range, generally designated by the reference 150, according to a first embodiment of the invention, variants being however possible (in the image of the other example shown in FIG. Figure 7 ) without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
  • the control range 150 illustrated in the Figure 5 comprises a set of control ranges distributed in a direction perpendicular to the printing direction I. More specifically, these control ranges consist of a predetermined set of control elements (here five in number) designated by the references A at E in the Figure 5 , which are repeated several times transversely to the printing direction I, as illustrated on the upper part of the Figure 5 .
  • control ranges of the control range are each intended to be inked by means of a specific ink.
  • the inks are five in number (which corresponds to the number of inking devices 20 in the intaglio printing press 1 of the Figures 2 and 3 ).
  • References 1 to 5 in the Figure 5 designate the ink by means of which each control range is inked.
  • the lower part of the Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the first five control ranges, designated by numerals 151 to 155, at the left end of the control range 150.
  • the first control range 151 incorporates the characteristics of the first control element A.
  • the second to fifth control ranges 152 to 155 respectively take the characteristics of the second to fifth control elements B to E.
  • the other control ranges of the control range 150, to the right of the control range 151, such as represented on the upper part of the Figure 5 are not detailed on the lower part of the Figure 5 because they take the same structures as those of beaches 151 to 155.
  • the dimensions of each control range are of the order of 4 mm in height and 5 mm in width.
  • control areas 154, 155, 153 (which respectively correspond to the control elements D, E, C) at the left end of the control range 150 form a set which is inked with the same first intaglio ink 1. This is further represented by an index to 1 on the right side of the control range 153, a corresponding index being provided to identify the intaglio ink used for inking each range or set of control ranges.
  • control range 152 (corresponding to the control element B) is in turn inked by means of a second intaglio ink 2, while the control range 151 (corresponding to the control element A) is inked by means of a third intaglio ink 3, this being represented by an index corresponding to 2 , respectively to 3 , on the right side of the control range 152, respectively 153.
  • These permutations between control elements A to E and inks 1 to 5 are continued over the entire control range 150.
  • the two control ranges immediately to the right of the control range 151 (which are not represented on the lower part of the control range 150).
  • Figure 5 correspond to the control elements C and B (and have the same structures as those of the control areas 153 and 152, except the indicative index of the ink) respectively inked by means of a fourth intaglio ink 4 and of a fifth intaglio ink 5, as shown on the upper part of the Figure 5 .
  • control elements A to E are restored as control pads inked with all five inks taille to 5.
  • only the control elements A to C are restored in the form of control inked with the five inking intaglio 1 to 5.
  • the control elements D and E are only returned in the form of control areas inked with the first intaglio ink 1 (like the control areas 154 and 155).
  • This is an example of a non-limiting embodiment, and it is perfectly possible that all the control elements A to E are rendered in the form of control ranges inked by means of five inks intaglio 1 to 5.
  • control ranges of the control range 150 comprise a set of lines and / or curves having orientations and dimensions (width and / or depth) varied, to perform the desired measurements.
  • the lines and / or curves are selected with particular regard to the following considerations.
  • the intaglio printing depends on a vital factor, namely the printing pressure.
  • the printing pressure has the effect of pushing the substrate more or less deeply inside the engravings to come into contact with the ink therein.
  • Excessive printing pressure typically has the effect of potentially causing ink to spill out of the engravings (commonly referred to as "spitting"), which affects the sharpness and cleanliness of the printed lines.
  • This overflow, or spitting is also influenced by the amount of ink actually present in the engravings.
  • a balance must therefore be found between the printing pressure and the ink charge so as to ensure that both the thin (and shallow) lines and the wide (and deeper) lines can be properly printed.
  • the spitting phenomenon may indeed occur due to excessive ink loading and / or excessive printing pressure, as these two print parameters may individually or jointly lead to overflow. ink outside engravings.
  • BL broadband paper
  • paper that when cut into sheets, has fibers whose orientation is typically perpendicular to the longer side of the sheets (which largest side is itself conventionally oriented perpendicular to the direction of printing).
  • the fiduciary paper fibers are typically oriented substantially parallel to the printing direction I (i.e., substantially 0 ° to the printing direction I).
  • Paper fi ber fibers have been found to provide some resistance to paper penetration in intaglio print plate etchings.
  • the resistance of the paper to penetrate the engravings is less for essentially vertically oriented engravings (ie engravings). substantially parallel to the printing direction I). Conversely, the resistance of the paper to penetrate the engravings is greater for etchings orientated essentially horizontally (that is to say engravings substantially perpendicular to the printing direction I).
  • the printing direction I also coincides with the wiping direction, with the consequence that the vertically oriented engravings typically contain less ink than the substantially horizontally oriented engravings, which are perpendicular to the wiping direction. and therefore retain the ink better.
  • control element A rendered in particular in the form of the control range 151 in the Figure 5 here it is a question of making a set of horizontal lines (that is to say perpendicular to the wiping direction I).
  • this is a set of twenty lines having a line thickness (lw) of the order of 100 ⁇ m and a line spacing (ls) of the order of 100 ⁇ m. a line density of the order of 50 lines / cm.
  • the element of A control is subdivided into four quarters and the line depth (ld) is different for each quarter, in a range of values preferably less than or equal to 40 microns.
  • four quarters of the control element A have depths of 12 ⁇ m, 18 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m and 35 ⁇ m.
  • the control element A is mainly used to perform contrast measurements between the different quarters composing the control element, and thereby to evaluate the print quality of multi-tone elements.
  • a multi-tone element is generally printed using a single intaglio ink and has tonal variations typically resulting from a variation in engraving depth in a range of values of the order of some microns to about 40 ⁇ m.
  • the control element A replicates the typical variations of depths of engraving used for the creation of multi-tone elements.
  • the control element D restored in particular in the form of the control range 154 in the Figure 5 is, so to speak, similar to the control element A, with however horizontal lines having a line thickness (lw) less (for example of the order of 60 microns) and a higher line density.
  • the control element D replicates, not in its form but in the values of line width, line spacing and depths, typical values for the printing of micro-texts.
  • This control element D is subdivided into four quarters, with a level of printability decreasing, that is to say that the decreasing printability makes the quarter concerned more difficult to print than the previous quarter, and therefore requires a increased printing pressure.
  • the control element D thus allows a control of the printing pressure on four levels.
  • control element D is only printed by means of the first intaglio ink 1.
  • the printability of the control element D can be evaluated with the naked eye or, preferably, by a measurement of the line filling (" fill ") as explained below.
  • the correct printing, that is to say without broken or broken lines, of at least one of the four fourths composing the control element D lays the foundation for a pressure adjustment adapted to the printing of 'fine elements, such as micro-texts.
  • control elements B and C restored in particular in the form of the control ranges 152 and 153 in the Figure 5 , for their part consist of a set of lines oriented at ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the printing direction I (is in the wiping direction).
  • This orientation at ⁇ 45 ° of the lines is particularly advantageous in the context of the present invention, insofar as these lines have a median position which is neutral with respect to the orientation of the fibers of the paper and with respect to the wiping direction. .
  • Measurements made by means of the control elements B and C must thus make it possible to overcome to a certain extent the effects of the fibers of the paper and the direction of wiping.
  • These control elements B and C serve mainly to measure the balance between the printing pressure and the ink charge.
  • the measurements preferably include measuring a line cleanliness (or "raggedness "), a line fill rate (or "fill "), and an optical density (or " Optical density ”) lines.
  • control element C With regard more particularly to the control element C, reference is made here, by way of illustration, of a set of lines at ⁇ 45 ° having a line thickness (lw) of the order of 200 ⁇ m and a spacing line (ls) of the order 160 ⁇ m.
  • control element B it is a question, again for illustrative purposes, of a set of lines at ⁇ 45 ° with a line thickness (lw) of the order of 100 ⁇ m and a spacing of line (ls) of the order 160 ⁇ m.
  • control elements B and C are also subdivided into four quarters and the line depth (ld) is different for each quarter, within a range of values less than or equal to 70 ⁇ m (it being specified that engraving depths up to 100 ⁇ m or more are also possible).
  • This is advantageously a representative range of two types of lines that are characterized by a radically different behavior in terms of printability. Indeed, wide lines (such as those that characterize the control element C) have a natural tendency to allow the substrate to penetrate deeper into the engravings. Consequently, a disturbance of the balance between print pressure and ink charge will be more rapidly apparent on the wide lines of the control element C than on the thinner lines of the control element B.
  • the 200 ⁇ m lines constituting the control element C are more sensitive to variations in the equilibrium between the printing pressure and the ink charge than the 100 ⁇ m lines constituting the control element B.
  • the various quarters constituting the control elements B and C advantageously make it possible to constitute a sampling of measurements (in particular line cleanness, line filling rate, and optical density measurements). lines) representative of the printing of engravings of various depths, in particular engravings whose depth varies within a range of values less than or equal to 70 ⁇ m.
  • each control element B and C makes it possible to form a sampling of four measurements (one for each quarter).
  • the fifth control element E restored in particular in the form of the control range 155 in the Figure 5 , is for illustrative purposes a set of horizontal lines (with a line density comparable to the lines of the control element D) combined with a pictorial pattern (here a portion of a pattern representing a pegasus). This element makes it possible in particular to check the printability of two-tone patterns by a visual appreciation.
  • the Figure 6 schematically illustrates an example of an impression of the control range 150 of the Figure 5 , the printing of the control range 150 being generally designated by the reference numeral 160.
  • the various control ranges presented above are thus restored, after intaglio printing of the substrate, in the form of a set of printed control areas corresponding to the various control elements A to E printed in the various colors corresponding to the intaglio inks 1 to 5 used.
  • each control range corresponds to a corresponding printed control zone, the reference numerals 161 to 165 thus denoting the printed control areas corresponding respectively to the control ranges 151 to 155 of the Figure 5 .
  • the sets of lines and / or curves constituting the control ranges are thus restored in the form of corresponding sets of lines and / or printed curves, on which it is possible to perform measurements, as discussed below.
  • FIG. 7 schematically illustrates another embodiment of a control range according to a second embodiment of the invention, which control range is designated generally by the reference numeral 170.
  • control range 170 illustrated in the Figure 7 comprises a set of control ranges distributed in a direction perpendicular to the printing direction I. More specifically, these control ranges consist of a predetermined set of control elements (here nine in number) designated by the references K at S in the Figure 7 , which are repeated several times transversely to the printing direction I, as illustrated on the upper part of the Figure 7 .
  • control ranges of the control range are each intended to be inked by means of a specific ink.
  • the inks are again five in number and the references 1 to 5 again designate the ink by means of which each control range is inked.
  • the lower part of the Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the first nine control ranges, denoted by the reference numerals 171 to 179, at the left end of the control range 170.
  • the first control range 171 has the characteristics of the first control element K.
  • the second to ninth control areas 172 to 179 have the characteristics of the second to ninth control elements L to S.
  • the other control ranges of the control range 170, to the right of the control range 171, as shown on the upper part of the Figure 7 are not detailed on the lower part of the Figure 7 since they take up the same structures as those of the ranges 171 to 179.
  • control ranges 171 to 177 are of the order of 4 mm in height and 4 mm in width
  • dimensions of the two ranges 178 and 179, present only at both ends of the control range 170 are of the order of 4 mm in height and 5 mm in width.
  • control elements K to S are restored as control pads inked with all five inks taille to 5.
  • the control elements K and M to Q are reproduced in the form of control areas inked by means of the five intaglio inks 1 to 5.
  • the control elements L, R and S are in turn restored in the form of control areas inked with a single or only part of the intaglio inks 1 to 5.
  • This is another example of a non-limiting embodiment.
  • control ranges of the control range 170 make it possible once again to evaluate in particular the effects of the printing pressure applied during the printing of the substrate, and to evaluate the effects of the ink charge applied during the inking of the intaglio printing plate 80.
  • control elements K to S have been designed as follows.
  • control elements in particular in the form of the control ranges 178 and 179 in the Figure 7 , they have the same characteristics as the control elements E and D of the Figure 5 .
  • control element K restored in particular in the form of the control range 171 in the Figure 7 , in this example, it is a question of making a set of horizontal lines (that is to say perpendicular to the wiping direction I) similar to the set of lines forming the control element R.
  • it is a set of lines having a line thickness (lw) of the order of 60 microns and a line spacing (ls) of the order of 60 microns.
  • control element K (as well as the control element R) is subdivided into four quarters and the line depth (ld) is different for each quarter, in a range of values less than 40 ⁇ m.
  • four quarters of the control element K (and R) have line depths (ld) of 12 ⁇ m, 18 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m and 35 ⁇ m.
  • the control elements K and R are mainly used to measure the effects of the printing pressure.
  • the control elements M to Q restored in particular in the form of the control ranges 173 and 177 in the Figure 7 , are constituted of a set of lines oriented at ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the printing direction I (in the image of the control elements B and C of the Figure 5 ), subdivided into four quarters.
  • This is again illustrative of lines having a line thickness (lw) of the order of 100 ⁇ m (element M) or 200 ⁇ m (elements N to Q) and a line spacing (ls) of the order of 160 ⁇ m, the line depth (ld ) being varied in a range of values from 8 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, in the illustrated example.
  • the control element O shown in the Figure 7 differs significantly from the control elements M, N, P and Q in that right lower quarter is not constituted by lines, but forms a solid area, identified by the reference numeral 180, namely a substantially continuous region consisting of a relatively large surface etching (of the order of 4 mm 2 surface in this example) and a depth of the order of 40 microns with a structuring, or grain, etching background of the order of 55 microns at 70 ⁇ m.
  • the aim here is to produce a substantially uniform impression in which optical density measurement can be performed.
  • An optical density measurement can also be performed on lines, but the solid 180 has the advantage of a larger area in which it is easier to perform an optical density measurement.
  • control element M to Q advantageously make it possible to constitute a sampling of measurements representative of the printing of engravings of various depths, in particular engravings whose depth varies within a range of lower values or equal to 70 ⁇ m.
  • the control element M makes it possible to constitute a sampling of four measurements (one for each quarter) over four different depth values (for example 20 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m and 70 ⁇ m). acting as printed lines having a line thickness (lw) of 100 ⁇ m.
  • the control elements N to Q make it possible to constitute a sampling of fifteen measurements (one for each quarter, except the solid 180) on fifteen values of different depths (for example 8 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 12 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m , 20 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 35 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 55 ⁇ m, 60 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m and 70 ⁇ m) in the case of printed lines having a line thickness (lw) of 200 ⁇ m.
  • sampling is more important for lines with a line thickness (lw) of 200 ⁇ m insofar as these lines are, as already mentioned, more sensitive to changes in the balance between the pressure of print and ink charge than 100 ⁇ m wide lines.
  • the control element L restored in particular in the form of the control range 172 in the Figure 7 , consists of a set of thin, shallow lines, oriented at ⁇ 45 ° to the direction of printing, which is subdivided into four quarters. In this example, it is a question of lines having a line thickness (lw) and a line spacing (ls) of the order of 30 ⁇ m whose line depth (ld) is equivalent to 12 ⁇ m, 16 ⁇ m, 22 ⁇ m or 30 ⁇ m, depending on the quarter considered.
  • This control element L may in particular serve as an additional control element for measuring the effects of the printing pressure.
  • control range 170 of the Figure 7 produces a corresponding set of printed control areas reflecting the various control elements K to S printed in the various colors corresponding to the intaglio inks 1 to 5 used.
  • the sets of lines and / or curves constituting the control ranges of the control range 170 are thus restored in the form of corresponding sets of lines and / or printed curves, on which it is possible to perform measurements, as discussed below. This also applies to the solid 180.
  • the Figure 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the main steps of a process for adjusting the print parameters of an intaglio printing press (for example a press printing according to the Figures 2 and 3 ) according to an exemplary implementation of the invention.
  • This method involves first (step S10) the preparation and supplying of an intaglio printing plate (like the intaglio printing plate 80 illustrated in FIG. Figure 4 ) provided with a control range according to the invention, for example the control range 150 or 170 discussed above.
  • step S12 The printer then proceeds (in step S12) to a presetting of the printing parameters of the intaglio printing press, in particular the printing pressure, the ink charge, and the printing press. wiping.
  • These are nominal parameters generally recommended by the manufacturer of the intaglio printing press and which must make it possible to perform an intaglio printing of good quality, it being understood however that a subsequent adjustment of these parameters is necessary. typically required in practice.
  • the printer can proceed to print test sheets (in step S14) by means of the intaglio printing plate provided with the control range.
  • step S16 measurements can then be made (step S16) on the printed control areas corresponding to the control ranges of the control range, in particular for the purpose of checking the printing pressure and the load. ink (step S18), and if necessary to make corresponding adjustments (step S20) before starting a new print.
  • the printer will try in practice to find an optimal balance between the printing pressure and the ink charge, and the measurements made in the printed control areas must in particular make it possible to find this optimal balance.
  • the control element D must make it possible to check whether a minimum printing pressure value is reached, and the control elements B and C must make it possible to quantitatively measure the degree of spitting of the lines, that is to say whether the balance between printing pressure and ink charge is good or not, this on two types of characteristic lines as discussed above.
  • the control element A of the control range 150 completes the analysis by allowing a measurement of the resultant contrast values representative of the balance between printing pressure and ink charge.
  • the said quantitative measurements are carried out in the printed control zones rendering lines oriented at ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the printing direction I (in the image of the control zones printed 162, 163 restoring the control elements B and C of the control range 150 or the printed control areas restoring the control elements M to Q of the control range 170).
  • These quantitative measures preferably include the measurement of a line cleanliness, a degree of line filling and an optical density according to a given standard, in particular according to ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012 (accessible on the site). of the International Organization for Standardization, www.iso.org , which standard is incorporated by reference in this application), the first edition of which was published on August 15, 2012. This standard cancels and replaces the earlier ISO standard / IEC 13660: 2001 which has been technically revised, but remains where relevant for the practice of the present invention.
  • the cleanliness of the line is in particular measured by determining the "raggedness " within the meaning of clauses 3.28 and 5.3.6 of ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012.
  • the level of line filling is measured by determining the " fill " within the meaning of clauses 3.12 and 5.3.7 of the ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012.
  • optical density this is measured according to clauses 3.21 and 3.26 of ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012.
  • the Figures 9 and 10 to illustrate more concretely what it is about, the Figure 9 schematically illustrating a portion of a printed line designated by reference numeral 200.
  • the Figure 9 shows a printed line 200 whose optical density is measured, it is of course understood that the optical density could be measured on any suitable printed structure, in particular a printed area resulting from the printing of the solid color 180 of the Figure 7 .
  • Raggedness according to ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012 is a measure of the degree of sharpness of a line with respect to a standard line threshold (or "edge threshold”). The measurement of raggedness is carried out according to the guidelines mentioned in clause 5.3.6 of ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012, namely by first determining the edge threshold defined as the reflectance level, R 40 , in a line reflectance curve (cf. Figure 10 ) corresponding to 40% of the transition of a minimum reflectance value R min (typically corresponding to the measured reflectance of the printed line 200) to a maximum reflectance value R max (typically corresponding to the measured reflectance of a non-reflective portion). printed on the substrate), as schematically represented on the Figure 9 .
  • the two fictional lines 210 in the Figure 9 schematically illustrate the line threshold corresponding to the reflectance value R 40 thus determined. Then, a measurement of the standard deviation of the variations, or " residuals ", 250 with respect to the thresholds of line 210 is carried out, to arrive at a quantification of the " raggedness ".
  • the " fill " according to ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012 is a measure of the degree (or rate) of filling of a line, carried out according to the guidelines mentioned in clause 5.3.7 of ISO / IEC TS 24790: 2012.
  • the transposition in an intaglio printing plate of the control range and the control ranges according to the present invention can be carried out according to the principles already stated in the international applications.
  • WO 03/103962 A1 and WO 2009/138901 A1 together with the safety drawing to be printed intaglio.
  • the transposition can be carried out, preferably by laser etching, either directly in a printing plate or indirectly in a printing plate precursor, this precursor being then used to produce several printing plates by galvanic replication.
  • the transposition of the generated patterns advantageously comprises the generation of a set of three-dimensional digital data consisting of pixels each representative of an elementary point to be etched in the surface of the printing plate or the printing plate precursor, etching as such being operated pixel by pixel on the basis of these three-dimensional digital data.
  • the present invention also encompasses any engraved plate for intaglio printing (especially any intaglio printing plate or intaglio printing plate precursor) having a control range according to the present invention. .
  • the present invention also encompasses any digital origination file intended for the manufacture of an intaglio printing plate comprising a set of digital data representative of a safety drawing to be engraved, as well as a set of numerical data representative of a control range according to the present invention.
  • control ranges and control ranges specifically illustrated in the Figures 5 and 7 are examples of control patterns, possibly more complex, and possible to measure the effects of the intaglio print parameters, in particular the printing pressure and the load. ink.
  • control ranges can be adapted according to the needs, in particular the number of inks applied to the intaglio printing plate. The invention is as such applicable regardless of the number of inks used.
  • control ranges directly in the security drawing to be printed, in place of or in addition to control ranges of a control range as discussed above arranged in the margin of the drawing of FIG. security.
  • the claimed control method is thus not limited to the use of a specific control range, it being noted however that a specific control range arranged in the margin of the safety drawing has the advantage of not affecting the design. as such and not to restrict designers' choices.
  • the above-mentioned measurements made in the printed control areas can be carried out by means of any suitable measuring tool. It may be a device of LabQMD type as already mentioned above or an inspection table of the type described in the international application published under No. WO 2012/131581 A1 and marketed by the Applicant under the name ColorCheck III. As such, an automated or semi-automated control of the intaglio print quality is perfectly conceivable in the context of the present invention. It could also be envisaged that these measurements are carried out online, during intaglio printing, for example by means of a suitable inspection device placed in the intaglio printing press, in the image inspection system 5 shown on the Figure 2 .
  • control ranges for evaluating and measuring the wiping of the printing plate another parameter characterizing intaglio printing. This being so, it is preferable to evaluate the quality of the wiping on the entire printed substrate and, if necessary, to make corresponding adjustments. Measurement of wiping by one or more control ranges may not necessarily be representative of the wiping quality of the entire printed substrate.
  • the present invention is not limited by the type of measurements described above, any other measurement making it possible to quantify the intaglio print quality being conceivable.
  • the techniques described in the international applications published under Nos. WO 2008/146262 A2 and WO 2011/018764 A2 as a means of evaluating the intaglio print quality prove to be very advantageous in the context of the present invention for quantifying the quality of a print size. soft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Rotary Presses (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
EP12198762.2A 2012-12-20 2012-12-20 Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin Withdrawn EP2746049A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (14)

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EP12198762.2A EP2746049A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2012-12-20 Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin
JP2015548859A JP6313782B2 (ja) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 凹版印刷のための制御プロセスおよびこの目的のための制御ストリップ
US14/653,622 US10150283B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Control process for intaglio printing and control strip for this purpose
BR112015014589A BR112015014589A2 (pt) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 processo de controle para impressão por entalhe, tira de controle, uso da tira de controle, placa gravada para impressão por entalhe, arquivo de origem digital destinado à produção de uma placa de impressão por entalhe, e substrato
AU2013365732A AU2013365732B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Control method for intaglio printing and control strip for that purpose
RU2015126330A RU2646727C2 (ru) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Способ управления глубокой печатью и контрольная полоса для этой цели
EP13830185.8A EP2934893B1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin
CA2895221A CA2895221A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Procede de controle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de controle a cette fin
KR1020157018090A KR20150096690A (ko) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 요판 인쇄에 관한 제어 방법 및 그러한 목적을 위한 제어 스트립
CN201380069673.6A CN104918787B (zh) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 用于凹版印刷的控制方法和用于此目的的控制条
PCT/IB2013/061170 WO2014097227A1 (fr) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Procédé de contrôle d'une impression taille-douce et gamme de contrôle à cette fin
MX2015008081A MX2015008081A (es) 2012-12-20 2013-12-20 Proceso de control para imprimir en calcografia y banda de control para este proposito.
PH12015501431A PH12015501431A1 (en) 2012-12-20 2015-06-19 Control method for intaglio printing and control strip for that purpose
ZA2015/05213A ZA201505213B (en) 2012-12-20 2015-07-20 Control method for intaglio printing and control strip for that purpose

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JP6855688B2 (ja) 2016-05-19 2021-04-07 株式会社村田製作所 グラビア印刷版、グラビア印刷方法および電子部品の製造方法
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AU2013365732B2 (en) 2017-12-14
EP2934893A1 (fr) 2015-10-28
BR112015014589A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
JP2016506320A (ja) 2016-03-03
PH12015501431A1 (en) 2015-09-07
RU2015126330A (ru) 2017-01-24
ZA201505213B (en) 2016-12-21
CN104918787B (zh) 2018-07-13
AU2013365732A1 (en) 2015-07-02
JP6313782B2 (ja) 2018-04-18
CN104918787A (zh) 2015-09-16
US10150283B2 (en) 2018-12-11
CA2895221A1 (fr) 2014-06-26
KR20150096690A (ko) 2015-08-25
MX2015008081A (es) 2016-03-07
RU2646727C2 (ru) 2018-03-06
WO2014097227A1 (fr) 2014-06-26
EP2934893B1 (fr) 2019-08-21
US20160185100A1 (en) 2016-06-30

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