EP2739799A1 - Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs - Google Patents

Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs

Info

Publication number
EP2739799A1
EP2739799A1 EP11813460.0A EP11813460A EP2739799A1 EP 2739799 A1 EP2739799 A1 EP 2739799A1 EP 11813460 A EP11813460 A EP 11813460A EP 2739799 A1 EP2739799 A1 EP 2739799A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
concrete
transversal
longitudinal
reinforcement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11813460.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2739799B1 (en
Inventor
Milan Kekanovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to RS20211370A priority Critical patent/RS62561B1/en
Priority to HRP20211747TT priority patent/HRP20211747T1/en
Publication of EP2739799A1 publication Critical patent/EP2739799A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2739799B1 publication Critical patent/EP2739799B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/19—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members the filling members acting as self-supporting permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8623—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
    • E04B2/8629—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/21—Cross-ribbed floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • Subject of the invention in general belongs to the filed of civil engineering and it is classified according to the IPC symbols E04B 5/18; E04B 5/21 ; E04B 2/23; E04C 1/41 ; E04B 2/18.
  • Bearing systems of walls and interfloor constructions can at the same time conform to the bearing capacity to all the demands under exploitation, termoinsulating and a high-level sound insulation, steam diffusion, fire protection, quick building.
  • Bearing wall panels and interfloor constructions are required to be lightweight so as enable building with reinforced concrete even the highest worldwide buildings. Building technology has to be completely mobile and completely applicable at the construction site in all the phases.
  • WO 95/09953 describes prefabricated elements that have to stand on a formwork as these elements cannot exist without the formwork in the phase of covering with concrete. Moreover, this solution has no transversal ribs, the structure of which is described in this new patent application, which along with longitudinal ribs and the slab above the ribs form the grillage of girders cassette system.
  • EP 0987 377 A2 shows concrete elements with mesh reinforcements covered with concrete. These elements are difficult for transportation and mounting and have no transversal ribs and grillage of girders cassette supporting system as described in this patent application.
  • US 681 7 150 represents elements of solid and expenssive polystyrene wherein insultC"- profiled tin elements are embedded. These elements are not reinforced as described in this patent application and have no transversal ribs and grillage of girders cassette bearing system.
  • WO/2007/059538 represents another solution of the same inventor as described in herewith presented application. Namely, during the application of the soultion mentioned above in this document, the inventor came to an improved solution, and particularly with regard to increase the width of the girders with more channels and that the final transversal channels are closed laterally so as to prevent the concrete to pour out from the transversal channel, in the first phase of setting in concrete.
  • the author offers a new type of distancer and a reinforcement holder that turned out to be even more practical for mounting and transportation of semi-fabricated joists filled with newly poured concrete. The grillage of girder reinforcement is attached to the distancers and herewith enabled is transportation from one site to the other, and this was not possible in the earlier application WO/2007/059538.
  • CNC machines for cutting expanded polystyrene blocks are used in shaping the elements for interfloor slabs that represent a closed formwork that prevents the concrete to fill in the whole space but only the determined, designed.
  • the second embodiment to use the solution of interfloor slabs in this patent application is like a pre-cast monolithic slab the length of which is between the supporting walls and the total width between the supporting walls in transversal direction.
  • the interfloor slab does not have to be worked out in full width but in the width of 2 m suitable for transportation and at the very structure two interfloor slabs become monolithic by tying.
  • Transversal reinforcement of one interfloor slab overlaps with transversal reinforcement from the second interfloor slab and at the construction site longitudinal reinforcement is set and it is all covered with concrete.
  • the interfloor slabs Upon becoming quickly solid within 24 hours, the interfloor slabs are taken up onto the structure and are set exclusively onto the supports with capping beams next to the walls. There is no supporting through the central part of these pre-cast semi-fabricated interfloor slabs. Additional reinforcement in the form of a reinforcement mesh over the mounted assembled fabricated interfloor slabs is carried out.
  • Armoured concrete beams are also set onto in the walls and at the points where two slabs are connected in longitudinal direction. Upon setting the additional reinforcement at the construction site, covering with concrete on the construction site in order to make monolithic all the connections is the best proved solution against sudden loadings due to the activity of shocks.
  • these blocks are made of composite concrete on the runway, or on the pallettes and shelves.
  • Blocks for building are so designed that these have vertical cavities and horisontal channels so that during the construction these enable setting horizontal reinforcement, and upon the completion of the walls, there can be set a vertical reinforcement as well.
  • Building or masonry works can be carried out on the building under construction, on the runway next to the building under construction or in a factory where wall panels can be made. With the wall panels every second vertical cavity would be a functional reinforcement and an anchor for the facing wall on the floor above. Filling the concrete into vertical cavities with reinforcement, provided that the concrete does not fill even the vertical cavities without the reinforcement, is possible only if every second vertical cavity where the concrete is not allowed to set, is filled.
  • the author of this patent application offers a solution to accomplish it in the way that onto the cavities not covered with concrete there is lowered a flexible waterproof cloth hose in the full height of the wall the cross section of which is by 5 % higher than the cross section of the vertical channel. Flexible waterproof cloth hose is lowered to the bottom and then it is filled with air.
  • Figure 1 - describes the shaped styrofoam element with longitudinal and transversal channels functioning as a closed formwork in working out interfloor slabs
  • Figure 2 - represents a specially shaped sheet metal as a distancer for setting the reinforcement in order to obtain a portable slab segment as a protection for a required protective concrete coating on the reinforcement
  • Figure 3 represents the shaped styrofoam element inside which are set metal shaped distancers for the reinforcement, with the reinforcing in the form of truss and an additional reinforcing in the form of bars,
  • Figure 4 - represents a complete mobile and portable segment of an interfloor slab being 1 m wide and of required length and a reinforcement set for one supporting direction with the concrete poured in the thickness of 6 cm,
  • Figure 5. shows a complete mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette slab which as such is raised onto the building and along its edges it rests onto the props with the capping beam,
  • Figure 6. represents an insulating formwork block for building with vertical cavities and horizontal channels and thick walls being properly built with "bricklayer tying" with strict corresponding of vertical cavities and horizontal channels thus enabling positioning horizontal and vertical armature and covering with concrete, therewith the built-up wall becomes a reinforced concrete facing wall
  • Figure 7 - represents a reinforced concrete facing wall produced by masoning the insulating form work blocks with simultaneous setting the horizontal reinforcement. Vertical reinforcement is set when putting up the wall is completed. Covering with concrete is carried out in every second vertical cavity so as to make the wall light for raising and how the facing wall could be anchored at the very building,
  • Figure 8. represents mounting of ready-made facing walls on the building/structure where the facing walls are lowered onto the anchores (poles) protruding from from the floor below.
  • evey second vertical cavity after the vertical reinforcement is positioned, is covered with concrete, and that one exactly represents the very anchors (pull-off poles) for the above floor,
  • Figure 9. - represents a completely mobile and portable segment of the interfloor 1 m wide slab and the length of which corresponds to the distance of supporting walls. Segments of interfloor slabs are set onto the props with capping beams next to the walls and at the distance of maximally 2 m away from the walls,
  • Figure 10 - represents a completely mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette slab resting its ends along longitudinal and transversal sides on the props with capping beams located next to the supporting walls or in the transversal sense at the point of bonding two slabs.
  • making it monolithic by covering concrete over the slab with the previously set the reinforcing mesh over the slab, and
  • Figure 1 1 - represents bond of two mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassete slab with the overlap of the reinforcement that goes outside of transversal channels inside which there is introduced the longitudinal reinforcing in the form of bars, There can be seen even the styrofoam set onto the formwork so as to obtrain the ceiling from the bottom side uniformely coated with styrofoam.
  • Invention consists in, that an expanded polystyrene block is being cut by means of CNC machine with a red wire and therefrom obtained is the shaped styrofoam element (1 ) which has three longitudinal channels (2) and three transversal channels (3), and at the ends there is the very same channel only here it is split in two parts.
  • Longitudinal channels are conical at its lower part next to the bottom of the channel with two opposite sides (4) positioned to form an acute angle of 65" in relation to the bottom (5) of the channel.
  • the central part of the longitudinal channel (2) has two vertical opposite sides (6) whereto continued are two opposite sides (7) that the longitudinal channel (2) connically extends to the top elevation and larger surface (8) and the smaller surfaces (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3).
  • the transversal channels (3) cross the longitudinal channels (2) and have a bottom (10) at the same height as the bottom (5) of the longitudinal channel (2).
  • the transversal channels (3) between longitudinal channels (2) are also connical at its lower part next to the bottom (10) with the opposite sides (1 1 ) positioned to form the acute angle of 65 ° in relation to the bottom (10) of the channel.
  • the central part of the transversal channel (3) has two vertical opposite sides (12) whereto continued are two opposite sides (13) that extend the transversal channel up to the top elevation and larger surface (8) and the smaller surface (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3).
  • the transversal channels (3) at its endings have thin and 5 cm high vertical walls (14) and (15) that prevent the concrete to leak out at the first phase of pouring the concrete.
  • the shaped styrofoam element (1 ) at its endings has transversal channels being cut in half and from the bottom there is a completely flat surface (16) of minimal thickness of 5 cm at the thinnest part where the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) are. Alike, in the direction of longitudinal channels (2) at the external sides of shaped styrofoam element (1 ) there are vertical surfaces ( 17) between the transversal channels (3).
  • a metal distancer and reinforcement holder ( 1 8) which is shaped of 1 ,5 mm thick steel sheet metal that at both ends of its bottom surface (19) rest onto the bottom (5) of the longitudinal channel (3).
  • the bottom surfaces (19) of the distancer and the reinforcement holder (18) are flexed under the blunt angle of 1 15° in relation to the bottom surface (19) and hence there are obtained two opposite surfaces (20) which are connected by a flat part of the sheet metal (21 ) which, at its central part and between opposite sloped surafaces (20), has a panel hollow and indent (22) made intended to increase the rigidity of sheet metal (21 ).
  • the bottom surfaces (19) of the distancer sheet metal and reinforcement holder (18) are turned under the acute angle of 65° to form two opposite sides (23) that follow the slope (4) of the longitudinal channel (2) inside which this distancer and the reinforcement holder (18) is set.
  • the flexed opposite sides (23) continue into horizontal surfaces (24) and end so that it is split into one flat surface (25), while the other part (26) is sloped downward.
  • Distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) is used that therein is forced the reinforcing truss (27) which is strengthened and exerts pressure to the opposite parts (26) of the distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) which due to its opposite flat surfaces (25) prevent the reinforcing truss (27) against the slipping out.
  • the distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) is used that onto the flat part (21) is set the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars.
  • the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) are set one behind the other so that the longitudinal channels (2) correspond to each other and form the longitudinal channel (2) being even longer when required wherein placed are the distancers and reinforcement holders (18) inside which placed is the compulsory reinforcing truss (27) and, if required, the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars.
  • the secondary thin reinforcing steel bar (29) Prior to this in the transversal channels is set the secondary thin reinforcing steel bar (29). Thereupon the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) are filled with concrete up to the height that the transversal steel bar (29) is covered with concrete of up to 5 mm thick layer.
  • the concrete becomes solid in the transversal channels (3) and the longitudinal channels (2) wherein previously set are the distancers and reinforcement holder (18) with therewith compulsory reinforcing steel trusses (27) and additional reinforcing steel bars (28) and the transversal steel bars (29), a completely mobile and portable segment of semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joist (30) being 1 m wide and of variable length, depending on the requirements for the building, is obtained.
  • Semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joists (30) being 1 m wide have three longitudianal channels (2) and transversal channels (3) at the axial distance of up to 50 cm.
  • Semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joists are taken up onto the building and mounted one next to the other on the props with capping beams (31 ) and thereupon set is the transversal reinforcement in the transversal channels (3) along the entire width of the slab.
  • the reinforcing mesh (32) over the whole surface of the slab on the interfloor three-channel joists. Thereupon all that is covered with concrete and a supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette reinforced concrete slab (37) is obtained when seeing it as the supporting structure of concrete and reinforcement.
  • the other embodiment and possible application of the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) is to set them longitudinally, one after the other but also even the transversally one next to the other, at least two or more, by forming a pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33).
  • the pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33) has the compulsory longitudinal supporting reinforcing steel truss (27), the additional reinforcing steel bars (28) on the distancers ( 1 8) while inside the transversal channels (3) is placed the bottom steel bar (34) under the reinforcing steel trusses (27), and the top steel bar (35) which are placed vertically onto the reinforcing steel trusses (27).
  • the ends of the steel bar (34) and (35) are flexed and overlap in the space outside the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ).
  • the pre-cast monolithic grillage of girds cassette slab (33) is covered in concrete up to the three quarters of the height of longitudinal channels (2) and transversal channels (3).
  • the concrete solidifies we obtain a completely mobile, portable and supporting pre-cast monolithic slab (33) which rests along its edges onto the props with the capping beam (31 ) next to the walls.
  • Blocks (38) for building are insulating formwork ones, these blocks are designed to have two thick longitudinal vertical prismatic opposite longitudinal walls (39) and three transversal lower walls, the first transversal wall (40) of which has a recess where the tooth of the following block for building comes into.
  • the third transversal vertical wall (41 ) which is the ending one, has the tooth that enters into the recess (40) of the adjacent block.
  • the central transversal vertical wall (42) is twice thicker than the ending ones, due to the fact that the vertical cavities (43) always correspond vertically when building up the walls.
  • the transversal walls (40, 41 , 42) are by 25 % shorter in height than the longitudinal ones (39) so as to accomplish even the longitudinal connection by means of the horizontal channel (44) that can be reinforced by horizontal steel bars (45) while building up the wall panel (46).
  • the vertical reinforcing steel anchor (47) in the form of intuitionU"-shaped steel bars and that reinforcement is used as the anchor for taking up the facing walls onto the building.
  • the hose is at its top end glued onto the rectangular metal plate with a screw valve whereto connected is the air hose.
  • the flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) has a steel ball the weight of which is 0,5 kg so as to ease the entry into the vertical cavity (43) for the blocks (38) for building up the masoned wall panel (46).
  • the flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) is filled with air and thereupon the cavities (43) are filled with concrete but only those cavities wherein is set the vertical reinforcing steel anchor (47).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a building structure comprising composite floor slabs and pre-cast wall panels. The floor slabs comprise a styrofoam block (1) having longitudinal (2) and transverse channels (3) cut into an upper surface, the channels are provided with reinforcement and spacers therefor and are filled to first depth with concrete. Such a pre-cast slab may be transported to a building site and the floor structure finished by applying a reinforcing mesh and additional concrete. The pre-cast wall panels comprising a plurality of insulating formwork building blocks made of light concrete provided with cavities and channels, some of which are cast with vertical and horizontal reinforced concrete.

Description

BUILDING STRUCTURE OF PRE CAST MONOLITHIC WALLS AND
INTERFLOOR SLABS
Technical field of the invention
Subject of the invention, in general belongs to the filed of civil engineering and it is classified according to the IPC symbols E04B 5/18; E04B 5/21 ; E04B 2/23; E04C 1/41 ; E04B 2/18.
Technical Problem
Technical problem solved by invention in the subject consists in the following: how to design supporting wall panels and interfloor slabs that could be practically used as monolithic, pre-cast and semi-fabricated systems.
It is particularly interesting to enable an opportunity to accomplish a pre-cast and prefabricated quick building in at the very construction site which would, with some minor and efficient works along with reinforcing and covering with concrete, result in a monolithic system. Bearing systems of walls and interfloor constructions can at the same time conform to the bearing capacity to all the demands under exploitation, termoinsulating and a high-level sound insulation, steam diffusion, fire protection, quick building. Bearing wall panels and interfloor constructions are required to be lightweight so as enable building with reinforced concrete even the highest worldwide buildings. Building technology has to be completely mobile and completely applicable at the construction site in all the phases.
State of Art
So far, the state of art knows about several types of pre-cast (modular) fabricated and semi-fabricated interfloor constructions with a filling of ceramic and concrete, and even with an expanded polystyrene filling. At the same time there are many solutions complied to only some of the requirements.
Among these solutions we picked out some of a certain similarity and a great difference that we point out along with every of these examples. There is a solution given in a document FR 1602 029 where slab elements for interfloor constructions are made of burned clay. Building with those elements requires that formwork has to be applied under the whole construction. Interfloor construction in this patent application does not require formwork and in a completely different way it is reinforced and designed with ribs in two directions as a grillage of girders cassette system.
WO 95/09953 describes prefabricated elements that have to stand on a formwork as these elements cannot exist without the formwork in the phase of covering with concrete. Moreover, this solution has no transversal ribs, the structure of which is described in this new patent application, which along with longitudinal ribs and the slab above the ribs form the grillage of girders cassette system.
EP 0987 377 A2 shows concrete elements with mesh reinforcements covered with concrete. These elements are difficult for transportation and mounting and have no transversal ribs and grillage of girders cassette supporting system as described in this patent application.
US 681 7 150 represents elements of solid and expenssive polystyrene wherein„C"- profiled tin elements are embedded. These elements are not reinforced as described in this patent application and have no transversal ribs and grillage of girders cassette bearing system.
WO/2007/059538 represents another solution of the same inventor as described in herewith presented application. Namely, during the application of the soultion mentioned above in this document, the inventor came to an improved solution, and particularly with regard to increase the width of the girders with more channels and that the final transversal channels are closed laterally so as to prevent the concrete to pour out from the transversal channel, in the first phase of setting in concrete. Similarly in this new patent application, the author offers a new type of distancer and a reinforcement holder that turned out to be even more practical for mounting and transportation of semi-fabricated joists filled with newly poured concrete. The grillage of girder reinforcement is attached to the distancers and herewith enabled is transportation from one site to the other, and this was not possible in the earlier application WO/2007/059538.
As a solution of the elements for masoning (building up) and elements for forming wall panels the inventor of this patent application filed the patent application no. PCT/99YU/00007, i.e. EP No. 99946999.2, wherein patent of a new construction of thin-wall blocks for building is described and wherein explained is the solution of how to match the vertical cavities vertically, and to build the blocks properly and the blocks are„bricklayer- tied" in the wall, in the corners, and at the crossings.
Solution in this new application the author deals with the facing and insulating concrete masoned blocks with thich walls while maintaining the structural solution from the mentioned document. Namely, during the stage of practical realization the author noticed a disadvantage of the blocks with thin walls due to the problem of setting mortar at the stage of building. Therefore, the inventor is explaining here a structure of blocks with thick walls of material that is the light concrete so as to obtain blocks not only light but also practical for use. Moreover, in this new patent application, the author gives a solution for building wall pre-cast semi-fabricated panels by means of new construction of a block for building.
Search of patent documentation and references in this field, there is no similar technical solution of the set-out technical problem.
Summary of the Invention
CNC machines for cutting expanded polystyrene blocks are used in shaping the elements for interfloor slabs that represent a closed formwork that prevents the concrete to fill in the whole space but only the determined, designed.
Hence at the width of 1 m of a slabpolystyrene element the thickness of which depends on the span of the slab, using CNC machines with red wire up to three longitudinal channels are cut. Every 50 cm, we also cut transversal channels in the same polystyrene panel element. Thus formed elements being 1 m wide and 2 m long are arranged one behind the other, and make a longitudinal segment of the slabing. Thereupon inside the formed channels we put the reinforcing distancers and reinforcement holders formed by means of flexing the sheet metal and into those reinforcing distancers we introduce the grillage of girders previously shaped steel reinforcement and additionally we set, when required, a longitudinal reinforcement in the form of a steel bar. Right inside the grillage of grid steel reinforcement some 95 cm long bars are placed into the transversal channels. All that is covered with concrete in the thickness of several centimeters (up to 6 cm), so as to obtain semi-fabricated portable longitudinal segments of the slabs - joists that are taken up and built onto the props with the capping beams next to the walls of the building and onto the props with the capping beams between the walls. Upon mounting the segments of the slab - joists onto the props with the capping beams, additional reinforcement is set inside the transversal channels, along the whole width of the structure. Moreover, the reinforcing mesh is set over the formed longitudinal slab segments and thereafter all that is filled with concrete to make the grillage of girders cassete slab with bearing capacity in one or in two directions.
The second embodiment to use the solution of interfloor slabs in this patent application is like a pre-cast monolithic slab the length of which is between the supporting walls and the total width between the supporting walls in transversal direction. Here, there is a possibility that the interfloor slab does not have to be worked out in full width but in the width of 2 m suitable for transportation and at the very structure two interfloor slabs become monolithic by tying. Transversal reinforcement of one interfloor slab overlaps with transversal reinforcement from the second interfloor slab and at the construction site longitudinal reinforcement is set and it is all covered with concrete. With that solution in the factory or at the construction site, at a runway are set previously shaped polystyrene elements with distancers and reinforcement holders, lower transversal reinforcement that extends outside the styrofoam width. Longitudinal reinforcement mesh and additional reinforcement in the form of bars inside the grillage of girders reinforcement are set. Moreover, there is also set an upper transversal reinforcement that again extends outside the styrofoam width. Concrete is filled up to the three quarters of the height of longitudinal and transversal channels.
Upon becoming quickly solid within 24 hours, the interfloor slabs are taken up onto the structure and are set exclusively onto the supports with capping beams next to the walls. There is no supporting through the central part of these pre-cast semi-fabricated interfloor slabs. Additional reinforcement in the form of a reinforcement mesh over the mounted assembled fabricated interfloor slabs is carried out.
Armoured concrete beams are also set onto in the walls and at the points where two slabs are connected in longitudinal direction. Upon setting the additional reinforcement at the construction site, covering with concrete on the construction site in order to make monolithic all the connections is the best proved solution against sudden loadings due to the activity of shocks.
By means of presses with particularly designed tools for making concrete masonry units with thick walls, according to this patent application, these blocks are made of composite concrete on the runway, or on the pallettes and shelves. Blocks for building are so designed that these have vertical cavities and horisontal channels so that during the construction these enable setting horizontal reinforcement, and upon the completion of the walls, there can be set a vertical reinforcement as well.
Building or masonry works can be carried out on the building under construction, on the runway next to the building under construction or in a factory where wall panels can be made. With the wall panels every second vertical cavity would be a functional reinforcement and an anchor for the facing wall on the floor above. Filling the concrete into vertical cavities with reinforcement, provided that the concrete does not fill even the vertical cavities without the reinforcement, is possible only if every second vertical cavity where the concrete is not allowed to set, is filled. The author of this patent application offers a solution to accomplish it in the way that onto the cavities not covered with concrete there is lowered a flexible waterproof cloth hose in the full height of the wall the cross section of which is by 5 % higher than the cross section of the vertical channel. Flexible waterproof cloth hose is lowered to the bottom and then it is filled with air. Thereupon covering with concrete of every second vertical reinforced cavity is carried out. Immediately upon the beginning of tying (solidification) the concrete, air is exttracted out of the flexible waterproof cloth hose partially or to an extent that it can be extracted from the vertical cavity of blocks for building that the facing wall consists of.
Short Description of the Drawings
Invention is described in details in the examples of embodiment shown in in the figures of the drawing wherein:
Figure 1 - describes the shaped styrofoam element with longitudinal and transversal channels functioning as a closed formwork in working out interfloor slabs,
Figure 2 - represents a specially shaped sheet metal as a distancer for setting the reinforcement in order to obtain a portable slab segment as a protection for a required protective concrete coating on the reinforcement,
Figure 3 -represents the shaped styrofoam element inside which are set metal shaped distancers for the reinforcement, with the reinforcing in the form of truss and an additional reinforcing in the form of bars,
Figure 4 - represents a complete mobile and portable segment of an interfloor slab being 1 m wide and of required length and a reinforcement set for one supporting direction with the concrete poured in the thickness of 6 cm,
Figure 5. - shows a complete mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette slab which as such is raised onto the building and along its edges it rests onto the props with the capping beam,
Figure 6. - represents an insulating formwork block for building with vertical cavities and horizontal channels and thick walls being properly built with "bricklayer tying" with strict corresponding of vertical cavities and horizontal channels thus enabling positioning horizontal and vertical armature and covering with concrete, therewith the built-up wall becomes a reinforced concrete facing wall, Figure 7 - represents a reinforced concrete facing wall produced by masoning the insulating form work blocks with simultaneous setting the horizontal reinforcement. Vertical reinforcement is set when putting up the wall is completed. Covering with concrete is carried out in every second vertical cavity so as to make the wall light for raising and how the facing wall could be anchored at the very building,
Figure 8. - represents mounting of ready-made facing walls on the building/structure where the facing walls are lowered onto the anchores (poles) protruding from from the floor below. At the very structure, evey second vertical cavity, after the vertical reinforcement is positioned, is covered with concrete, and that one exactly represents the very anchors (pull-off poles) for the above floor,
Figure 9. - represents a completely mobile and portable segment of the interfloor 1 m wide slab and the length of which corresponds to the distance of supporting walls. Segments of interfloor slabs are set onto the props with capping beams next to the walls and at the distance of maximally 2 m away from the walls,
Figure 10 - represents a completely mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette slab resting its ends along longitudinal and transversal sides on the props with capping beams located next to the supporting walls or in the transversal sense at the point of bonding two slabs. Here, it can also be seen that making it monolithic by covering concrete over the slab with the previously set the reinforcing mesh over the slab, and
Figure 1 1 - represents bond of two mobile, portable and supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassete slab with the overlap of the reinforcement that goes outside of transversal channels inside which there is introduced the longitudinal reinforcing in the form of bars, There can be seen even the styrofoam set onto the formwork so as to obtrain the ceiling from the bottom side uniformely coated with styrofoam.
Detailed Description of the Invention
Invention consists in, that an expanded polystyrene block is being cut by means of CNC machine with a red wire and therefrom obtained is the shaped styrofoam element (1 ) which has three longitudinal channels (2) and three transversal channels (3), and at the ends there is the very same channel only here it is split in two parts. Longitudinal channels are conical at its lower part next to the bottom of the channel with two opposite sides (4) positioned to form an acute angle of 65" in relation to the bottom (5) of the channel. The central part of the longitudinal channel (2) has two vertical opposite sides (6) whereto continued are two opposite sides (7) that the longitudinal channel (2) connically extends to the top elevation and larger surface (8) and the smaller surfaces (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3). The transversal channels (3) cross the longitudinal channels (2) and have a bottom (10) at the same height as the bottom (5) of the longitudinal channel (2).
The transversal channels (3) between longitudinal channels (2) are also connical at its lower part next to the bottom (10) with the opposite sides (1 1 ) positioned to form the acute angle of 65° in relation to the bottom (10) of the channel. The central part of the transversal channel (3) has two vertical opposite sides (12) whereto continued are two opposite sides (13) that extend the transversal channel up to the top elevation and larger surface (8) and the smaller surface (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3). The transversal channels (3) at its endings have thin and 5 cm high vertical walls (14) and (15) that prevent the concrete to leak out at the first phase of pouring the concrete. The shaped styrofoam element (1 ) at its endings has transversal channels being cut in half and from the bottom there is a completely flat surface (16) of minimal thickness of 5 cm at the thinnest part where the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) are. Alike, in the direction of longitudinal channels (2) at the external sides of shaped styrofoam element (1 ) there are vertical surfaces ( 17) between the transversal channels (3).
Inside the longitudinal channels (2) next to the bottom (5) between the sloped opposite sides (4) where placed is a metal distancer and reinforcement holder ( 1 8), which is shaped of 1 ,5 mm thick steel sheet metal that at both ends of its bottom surface (19) rest onto the bottom (5) of the longitudinal channel (3). The bottom surfaces (19) of the distancer and the reinforcement holder (18) are flexed under the blunt angle of 1 15° in relation to the bottom surface (19) and hence there are obtained two opposite surfaces (20) which are connected by a flat part of the sheet metal (21 ) which, at its central part and between opposite sloped surafaces (20), has a panel hollow and indent (22) made intended to increase the rigidity of sheet metal (21 ).
The bottom surfaces (19) of the distancer sheet metal and reinforcement holder (18) are turned under the acute angle of 65° to form two opposite sides (23) that follow the slope (4) of the longitudinal channel (2) inside which this distancer and the reinforcement holder (18) is set. The flexed opposite sides (23) continue into horizontal surfaces (24) and end so that it is split into one flat surface (25), while the other part (26) is sloped downward. Distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) is used that therein is forced the reinforcing truss (27) which is strengthened and exerts pressure to the opposite parts (26) of the distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) which due to its opposite flat surfaces (25) prevent the reinforcing truss (27) against the slipping out.
Moreover the distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) is used that onto the flat part (21) is set the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars.
The shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) are set one behind the other so that the longitudinal channels (2) correspond to each other and form the longitudinal channel (2) being even longer when required wherein placed are the distancers and reinforcement holders (18) inside which placed is the compulsory reinforcing truss (27) and, if required, the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars.
Prior to this in the transversal channels is set the secondary thin reinforcing steel bar (29). Thereupon the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) are filled with concrete up to the height that the transversal steel bar (29) is covered with concrete of up to 5 mm thick layer. When the concrete becomes solid in the transversal channels (3) and the longitudinal channels (2) wherein previously set are the distancers and reinforcement holder (18) with therewith compulsory reinforcing steel trusses (27) and additional reinforcing steel bars (28) and the transversal steel bars (29), a completely mobile and portable segment of semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joist (30) being 1 m wide and of variable length, depending on the requirements for the building, is obtained.
Semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joists (30) being 1 m wide have three longitudianal channels (2) and transversal channels (3) at the axial distance of up to 50 cm. Semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joists are taken up onto the building and mounted one next to the other on the props with capping beams (31 ) and thereupon set is the transversal reinforcement in the transversal channels (3) along the entire width of the slab. Moreover, there is set even the reinforcing mesh (32) over the whole surface of the slab on the interfloor three-channel joists. Thereupon all that is covered with concrete and a supporting interfloor grillage of girders cassette reinforced concrete slab (37) is obtained when seeing it as the supporting structure of concrete and reinforcement.
The other embodiment and possible application of the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) is to set them longitudinally, one after the other but also even the transversally one next to the other, at least two or more, by forming a pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33). The pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33) has the compulsory longitudinal supporting reinforcing steel truss (27), the additional reinforcing steel bars (28) on the distancers ( 1 8) while inside the transversal channels (3) is placed the bottom steel bar (34) under the reinforcing steel trusses (27), and the top steel bar (35) which are placed vertically onto the reinforcing steel trusses (27). The ends of the steel bar (34) and (35) are flexed and overlap in the space outside the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ). The pre-cast monolithic grillage of girds cassette slab (33) is covered in concrete up to the three quarters of the height of longitudinal channels (2) and transversal channels (3). When the concrete solidifies we obtain a completely mobile, portable and supporting pre-cast monolithic slab (33) which rests along its edges onto the props with the capping beam (31 ) next to the walls. Upon the mounting, there is set the additional reinforcing mesh (32) over the entire slab, the additional armoured concrete beams onto the walls and the additional reinforcement (36) inside the connecting rib between the two slabs. Hereupon, carried out is covering with concrete of the remaining part of longitudinal channels (2) and transversal channels (3) and the concrete slab thick 5 to 6 cm over the pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33) by turning it into the monolithic grillage of girders cassette reinforced concrete slab (37) with shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) in the function of a closed formwork in the phase of covering with concrete and a powerful thermoinsulation built-in structurally inside the ceiling in the exploitation phase.
Blocks (38) for building are insulating formwork ones, these blocks are designed to have two thick longitudinal vertical prismatic opposite longitudinal walls (39) and three transversal lower walls, the first transversal wall (40) of which has a recess where the tooth of the following block for building comes into. The third transversal vertical wall (41 ), which is the ending one, has the tooth that enters into the recess (40) of the adjacent block. The central transversal vertical wall (42) is twice thicker than the ending ones, due to the fact that the vertical cavities (43) always correspond vertically when building up the walls. The transversal walls (40, 41 , 42) are by 25 % shorter in height than the longitudinal ones (39) so as to accomplish even the longitudinal connection by means of the horizontal channel (44) that can be reinforced by horizontal steel bars (45) while building up the wall panel (46).
When building up the wall panel is completed, inside every second vertical cavity (43) is placed the vertical reinforcing steel anchor (47) in the form of„U"-shaped steel bars and that reinforcement is used as the anchor for taking up the facing walls onto the building.
Thereupon into the vertical cavities (43) which have no reinforcement inside, is set a flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) rubberized from inside to prevent even the leakage of air. The hose is at its top end glued onto the rectangular metal plate with a screw valve whereto connected is the air hose. At the bottom end, the flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) has a steel ball the weight of which is 0,5 kg so as to ease the entry into the vertical cavity (43) for the blocks (38) for building up the masoned wall panel (46). The flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) is filled with air and thereupon the cavities (43) are filled with concrete but only those cavities wherein is set the vertical reinforcing steel anchor (47).
Immediately upon solidification has been started, air is sucked out from the hose (48) and the hoses are relocated into the other masoned wall panel (46).
Upon building up the masoned wall panels (46) and mounting on the building under construction by leaving the steel anchor-bars (49) to protrude from the floor below in order to enter into the unfilled cavities (43). Thereupon the reinforcing steel (49) in the form of„U"- shaped steel bars placed inside the open unfilled cavities (43) and at the very building is carried out filling the concrete into the unfilled cavities (43) and, thus, it is made monolithic as the best quality monolithic connection of reinforced concrete. Hence, we obtain the supporting structure (50) of concrete and a reinforcement inside the blocks (38) for building and the masoned wall panels (46).
Certainly, applying the same principle of the invention, structural details, technological preparations and the embodiments of the invention can vary even broader than herewith described and represented, while the scope of the herewith explained invention remains unchanged.

Claims

C L A I M S
1 . Building structure achieved of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs, whereby an expanded polystyrene block is being cut by means of CNC machine with a red wire, is characterized in, that the shaped styrofoam element ( 1 ) has three longitudinal channels (2) and three transversal channels (3), and at the ends there is the very same transversal channel (3) only split in two parts, where longitudinal channels (2) are conical at its lower part next to the bottom of the channel with two opposite sides (4) positioned to form an acute angle of 65° in relation to the bottom (5) of the channel, that the central part of the longitudinal channel (2) has two vertical opposite sides (6) whereto continued are two opposite sides (7) being connically widened through the longitudinal channel (2) to the top elevation and the larger surface (8) and the smaller surface (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3), whereby the transversal channels (3) cross the longitudinal channels (2) and have the bottom (10) the height of which equals to the height of the bottom (5) of the longitudinal channel (2), that the transversal channels (3) between longitudinal channels (2) are also connical at its lower part next to the bottom (10) with the opposite sides (1 1 ) being under an acute angle of 65° in relation to the bottom (10) of the channel, while the central part of the transversal channel (3) has two vertical opposite sides (12) whereto continued are two opposite sides (13) being widened through the transversal channel up to the top elevation and the larger surface (8) and the smaller surface (9) between the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3), that the transversal channels (3) at its endings have thin and 5 cm high vertical walls (14) and (15) that prevent the concrete to leak out at the first stage of filling the concrete and that the shaped styrofoam element (1 ) at its endings has transversal channels which are cut in half and from the bottom a completely flat surface ( 16) of minimal thickness of 5 cm at the thinnest part where the longitudinal channels (2) and transversal channels (3) are, and in the direction of longitudinal channels (2) at the external sides of the shaped styrofoam element (1 ), the vertical areas (17) positioned between transversal channels (3).
2. Building structure, according to claim 1 , is characterized in, that inside the longitudinal channels (2) next to the bottom (5) between the sloped opposite sides (4) there is the metal distancer and reinforcement holder (18) shaped of 1 ,5 mm thick steel sheet metal and at both ends of the bottom surfaces (19) rest onto the floor (5) of the longitudinal channel (3), that the bottom surfaces ( 19) of the distancer and reinforcement holder ( 1 8) are flexed under a blunt angle of 1 15° in relation to the bottom surface (19) thus forming two opposite surfaces (20) which are connected by a flat part of the sheet metal (21 ) which at its central part, and between the opposite sloped surafaces (20), has a machined recess (22) in order to increase the rigidity of the sheet metal (21 ), that the bottom surfaces (19) for the distancer sheet metal and the reinforcement holder (18) slope under an acute angle of 65° to form two opposite sides (23) that follow the slope (4) of the longitudinal channel (2) inside which the distancer and reinforcement holder (18) is set, that the slant opposite sides (23) continue into horizontal surfaces (24) which by splitting give one flat surface (25), and the other part (26) sloped downward and that into the distancers and reinforcement holder (18) is forced the reinforcing truss (27) which is strengthened and exerts pressure onto the opposite parts (26) of the distancer and reinforcement holder (1 8) which by its surfaces (25) opposite to the parts prevent the reinforcing truss (27) against slipping out, whereby onto the flat part (21 ) of the reinforcement holder (18) is placed the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars.
3. Building structure, according to claims 1 ,2, when the semi-fabricated interfloor three-channel joists (30) being 1 m wide are taken up on the structure and are mounted one next to another onto the props with capping beams 31 , is characterized in, that the semi- fabricated interfloor three-channel joist (30) consists of shaped styrofoam elements (1 ) arranged one behind the other whereby the longitudinal channels (2) correspond thus forming the longitudinal channel (2) the length of which, when required, can be larger and therein placed are the distancers and reinforcement holder ( 1 8) wherein set is a compulsory reinforcing steel truss (27) and, when required, the additional reinforcing (28) in the form of flat steel bars, that the three-channel joist (30) has three longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) at the axial spacing of 50 cm, whereby inside transversal channels (3) is set the transversal reinforcement (29) along the whole width of three-channel joist (30) and thereupon the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) and filled with concrete up to the height that the transversal steel bar (29) is covered with concrete in the layer being 5 mm thick, thus giving, when the concrete becomes solid in the transversal channels (3) and the longitudinal channels (2), a completely mobile and portable semi- fabricated interfloor three-channel joists (30) being 1 m wide while the length varies depending on requirements for the building structure, that are arranged one next to the other and thereupon positioned is the additional reinforcing steel mesh (32) over the arranged semi- fabricated interfloor three-channel joists (30) and all that is covered in concrete to the full height of the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3) with additional covering with concrete onto the slab the thickness of which is 5 to 6 cm over the entire surface, thus forming when the concrete becomes solid a monolithic grillage of girders cassette reinforced concrete slab (37) with the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ).
4. Building structure according to claims 1 ,2,3 when the shaped styrofoam elements 1 are set longitudinally, one behind the other but also transversally one next to the other, at least two or more, thus forming a portable pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab 33 which, along its edges, rests onto the props with the capping beam 3 1 next to the walls, is characterized in, that pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33), has the compulsory longitudinal supporting reinforcing steel truss (27) and the additional reinforcing steel bars (28) on the distancers (1 8) while in the transversal channels (3) a bottom steel bar (34) is placed under the reinforcing steel trusses (27) and the top steel bar (35) placed onto the reinforcing steel trusses (27) vertically, that the ends of the steel bar (34) and (35) slope and overlap in the space outside the shaped styrofoam elements (1 ), that the fabricated monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33) is covered in concrete up to three quarters of the height of the longitudinal channels (2) and the transversal channels (3), where upon the mounting on the building under construction there is the additional reinforcing mesh (32) placed over the entire surface of the grillage of girders cassette slab (33), the additional armoured concrete beam onto the walls and the additional reinforcement (36) in the connecting rib between two slabs, and upon this covering with concrete of the remaining parts of the longitudinal channels (2) and the tranversal channels (3) and the concrete slab thick from 5 to 6 cm over the pre-cast monolithic grillage of girders cassette slab (33) is done, thus forming monolithic grillage of girders cassette reinforced concrete slabs (37) with shaped styrofoam elements (1 ).
5. Building structure, according to claims 1 , 2, 3, 4, and according to the second embodiment, is characterized in, that the insulating formwork building blocks (38) of light concrete have two thick longitudinal vertical prismatic opposite longitudinal walls (39) and three transversal lower walls the first of which is the transversal wall (40) with a recess wherein the tooth of the next insulating formwork masonry block enters, the third transversal vertical wall (41 ), which is the ending one, has a tooth that enters into the recess (40) of the adjacent block and the central transversal vertical wall (42) which is twice thicker than the ending ones, so as that the vertical cavities (43) always correspond vertically while building up the walls, that the transversal walls (40, 41 , 42) are by 25% less than the height of longitudinal walls (39) that there reached is even the longitudinal connection by means of the horizontal channel (44) which is reinforced by horizontal steel bars (45) and while building up the wall panel (46), that upon the completion of building up the wall panel inside every second vertical cavity (43) the vertical reinforcement (47) in the form of "U"-shaped bars is set as an anchor for taking up the facing wall on the building under construction, that inside the vertical cavities (43) with no reinforcement (47) is placed a flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) rubberized from inside and at its top ending is glued onto the metal rectangular screw valve plate whereto connected is the hose with air while, at the bottom end, the flexible waterproof cloth hose (48) has a steel ball, the weight of which is 0,5 kg, to ease the entry into the vertical cavity (43) for the insulating formwork building blocks (38) for building up the masoned wall panel (46) where covered with concrete are every second vertical cavity (43) wherein vertical reinforcement (47) is set, so that upon the reinforcement of concrete and building up and mounting the masoned wall panel (46) onto the building structure, into vertical cavities (43) unfilled with concrete is set the vertical reinforcement (49), and at the very building under construction, those cavities are covered in concrete, thus forming the masoned reinforced concrete wall panel (46) with the supporting structure of concrete and the reinforcement (50) inside the insulating formwork blocks (38) of light concrete.
EP11813460.0A 2011-08-03 2011-09-01 Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs Active EP2739799B1 (en)

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PCT/RS2011/000013 WO2013019134A1 (en) 2011-08-03 2011-09-01 Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2739799B1 (en) 2021-08-11
ES2898608T3 (en) 2022-03-08
RS20110350A1 (en) 2013-02-28
RS54106B1 (en) 2015-10-30
CN103797197A (en) 2014-05-14
HRP20211747T1 (en) 2022-02-18
WO2013019134A1 (en) 2013-02-07
RS62561B1 (en) 2021-12-31
CN103797197B (en) 2016-09-07
HUE056352T2 (en) 2022-02-28

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