CN104141358A - Mortar-free self-embedded masonry structure system and building comprising system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a mortar-free self-embedded masonry structure system and a building comprising the system. The mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system of the present invention includes several standard blocks, several corner blocks, several formwork blocks, several corner formwork blocks and several half blocks, and the recesses can be passed between each block. The groove and the flange are connected in a matching manner. The middle of the block can be preset with steel bars and filled with concrete to improve the integrity and seismic performance of the wall. Compared with the prior art, the present invention changes the geometric structure of the blocks so that the blocks can be interlocked horizontally, vertically or bidirectionally, and the use of mortar can be avoided during the masonry process. The blocks are embedded with each other, which can increase the speed of wall construction; the formwork blocks can be poured into ring beams and lintels to avoid the need for additional formwork. Combining the above factors, compared with traditional buildings, this building system has faster construction speed, lower construction cost, and lower professional technical requirements for workers, which is especially suitable for construction in economically underdeveloped villages and towns.

Description

Mortar-free self-fixed masonry structure system and buildings including the system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of masonry structures, in particular to a mortar-free self-embedded masonry structure system and buildings including the system. the

Background technique

In recent years, the survey results of earthquake disasters in my country have shown that the anti-seismic performance of houses in villages and towns is poor, and a moderate-intensity earthquake or even a small earthquake may cause serious casualties and economic losses, and these losses are largely due to house damage and Therefore, improving the seismic performance of houses in villages and towns in my country has become an urgent problem to be solved. the

In villages and towns in western my country, houses are mostly masonry structures, and materials generally use adobe, clay bricks, concrete hollow blocks and various mortars. The houses are basically built by themselves, lacking reasonable anti-seismic construction measures, and the quality of the building materials used is poor, resulting in low overall anti-seismic performance of the houses. The main reasons for the poor seismic performance of village and town houses in western my country are: (1) The development of urban and rural areas is unbalanced, and the existing seismic design codes have not been popularized in these areas; (2) The lack of professional construction workers; (3) Economic The development is relatively backward, lack of sufficient funds, weakening the anti-seismic structural measures of houses; (4) During the construction process, due to the quality of mortar, material quality and construction, the bearing capacity of the wall often decreases. the

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-embedded masonry structure system without mortar to solve the technical problem of poor seismic performance of existing village houses. the

Another object of the present invention is to provide a building comprising the above-mentioned self-embedded masonry structure system without mortar, so as to solve the technical problem of poor seismic performance of existing village houses. the

The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system, including several standard blocks, several corner blocks, several formwork blocks, several corner formwork blocks and several half blocks, the standard blocks can be aligned with the left and right The adjacent standard blocks and/or the half blocks are connected through grooves and flanges, and the standard blocks can be connected with the upper and lower adjacent standard blocks and/or the half blocks. The blocks are connected through grooves and flanges, and the corner blocks can be connected with adjacent standard blocks and/or half blocks through grooves and flanges. The corner blocks can be connected with the upper and lower adjacent corner blocks and/or the standard blocks and/or the half blocks through grooves and flanges, and the formwork blocks The bottom of the formwork block can be connected with the standard block and/or the half block and/or the corner block through the through hole and the flange, and the bottom of the corner formwork block can be connected through the through hole Holes and flanges are coupled to said standard blocks and/or said half blocks and/or said corner blocks. the

Preferably, the standard block comprises a cuboid containing two cavities, the cavities extending from the top to the bottom of the cuboid, grooves are provided on the front side of the cuboid, and grooves are provided on the rear side of the cuboid. A flange is provided on the top edge of the cavity and a groove is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity. the

Preferably, said half-block comprises a cube comprising a cavity extending from the top to the bottom of the cube, the front side of the cube is provided with grooves, and the rear side of the cube is provided with protrusions. A flange is provided on the top edge of the cavity and a groove is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity. the

Preferably, said corner block comprises a cuboid comprising two cavities extending from the top to the bottom of said cuboid, said cuboid having a flange on its rear side adjacent said rear side A groove is provided on one side of the cavity, a flange is provided on the top edge of the cavity, and a groove is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity. the

Preferably, the formwork block includes a square bottom plate and two side plates vertically connected to the opposite sides of the square bottom plate, and the square bottom plate is provided with the corner block and/or the standard The flanges on the top of the blocks and/or the half-blocks fit through holes. the

Preferably, the corner formwork block includes a square bottom plate and three side plates vertically connected to three sides of the square bottom plate, and an opening is provided on the side plate adjacent to the side without a side plate, The square bottom plate is provided with a through hole that can be matched with the flange on the top of the corner block and/or the standard block and/or the half block. the

A building comprises the above-mentioned self-embedded masonry structure system without mortar. the

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. By changing the geometric structure of the blocks, the present invention enables the blocks to be embedded in each other in the horizontal, vertical or bidirectional directions. During the masonry process, the blocks are embedded in each other and filled with steel bars and concrete in the cavity. Can guarantee the integrity and seismic performance of the building;

2. The blocks of the present invention can be fitted with each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, and mortar can be used in construction without or as little as possible, and the shear force transmission of the wall no longer depends on the mortar but on the mutual fitting and friction between the blocks In this way, the influence of mortar quality and uneven application on the overall quality of the wall during construction is reduced, which not only improves the construction speed and reduces the cost, but also automatically forms horizontal and vertical straight lines due to the interlocking of blocks, which can reduce the impact on workers' skills. Dependence, especially suitable for the construction of houses in villages and towns in our country;

3. The formwork block and corner formwork block of the present invention can be used as formwork for pouring ring beams, which not only improves the building construction speed, but also saves the cost of ring beam formwork;

4. The formwork block of the present invention can be used as a lintel to make a formwork. During the masonry process, formwork blocks are arranged above door openings and window openings, and then steel bars are arranged according to specific conditions, and concrete is poured. Compared with traditional prefabricated lintels, There is no need for special prefabricated lintels, and the damage to local walls caused by stress concentration at the ends of lintels during earthquakes is also reduced;

5. Adding steel bars and concrete to the cavity of the block at the junction of the corner and the vertical and horizontal walls can greatly improve the overall earthquake resistance of the house;

6. The block of the present invention is a hollow block, which not only saves materials, but also reduces the weight;

7. There is no mortar connection between the blocks of the present invention, which facilitates the subsequent repair and removal of houses. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standard block;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of standard block;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of corner block;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of template block;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of corner formwork block;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of half block;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the body of wall that utilizes the mortar-free self-embedding masonry structure system of the present invention to build;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the body of wall that utilizes the mortar-free self-embedded masonry structure system of the present invention to build;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wall built using the mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system of the present invention. the

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. the

Please refer to Fig. 1-6, the self-embedded masonry structure system without mortar of the present invention, comprises several standard blocks 1, several corner blocks 2, several formwork blocks 3, several corner formwork blocks 4 and several half Block 5, standard block 1 can be connected with left and right adjacent standard block 1 and/or half block 5 through grooves and flanges, and standard block 1 can be connected with upper and lower adjacent standard blocks 1 and/or half block 5 are connected through grooves and flanges, and corner blocks 2 can be matched with adjacent standard blocks 1 and/or half blocks 5 through grooves and flanges. The corner block 2 can be connected with the upper and lower adjacent corner blocks 2 and/or standard blocks 1 and/or half blocks 5 through grooves and flanges, and the template block 3 The bottom can be connected with the standard block 1 and/or the half block 5 and/or the corner block 2 through the through hole and the flange, and the bottom of the corner formwork block 4 can be connected with the flange through the through hole. The mode of matching is connected with standard block 1 and/or half block 5 and/or corner block 2. the

Please refer to Fig. 1, 2, in this example, standard block 1 comprises the cuboid that contains two cavities 15, and cavity 15 extends from the top of cuboid to the bottom, and the front side of cuboid is provided with groove 11, and the rear of cuboid A flange 12 is provided on the side, a flange 13 is provided on the top edge of the cavity 15 , and a groove 14 is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity 15 . The standard block 1 can be connected with the flange 12 of the adjacent standard block 1 through the groove 11 . The standard block 1 can be connected with the flange 13 of the adjacent standard block 1 through the groove 14 . the

Please refer to Fig. 6, in this example, half building block 5 comprises the cube that contains a cavity 54, and cavity 54 extends from the top of cube to the bottom, and the front side of cube is provided with groove 52, and the rear side of cube is provided with. The flange 53 is provided with the flange 51 at the top edge of the cavity 54 and the groove is provided at the bottom edge of the cavity 54 . The half block 5 can be connected with the flange 53 of the adjacent half block 5 or the flange 12 of the standard block 1 through the groove 52, and can also be connected with the adjacent half block by the flange 53. The groove 52 of 5 or the groove 11 of phase standard block 1 are connected in a matching manner. The half-block 5 can be connected in a manner that the groove matches the flange 51 of the adjacent half-block 5 or the flange 13 of the standard block 1, and can also be connected with the adjacent half-block 5 by the flange 51. The groove or the groove 14 of the standard building block 1 are connected in a matched manner. the

Referring to Fig. 3, in this example, the corner block 2 comprises a cuboid containing two cavities 24, the cavity 24 extends from the top to the bottom of the cuboid, and the rear side of the cuboid is provided with a flange 22, which is opposite to the rear side. A groove 21 is provided on the adjacent side, a flange 23 is provided on the top edge of the cavity 24 , and a groove is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity 24 . The corner block 2 can be connected with the flange 53 of the adjacent half block 5 or the flange 12 of the standard block 1 through the groove 21, and can also be connected with the adjacent half block through the flange 22. The groove 52 of the block 5 or the groove 11 of the phase standard block 1 are connected in a matching manner. The corner block 2 can be connected with the flange 51 of the adjacent half block 5 or the flange 13 of the standard block 1 through the groove, or through the flange 23 and the adjacent half block 5 The groove or the groove 14 of the standard building block 1 are connected in a matched manner. the

Please refer to Fig. 4, in this example, formwork block 3 comprises square bottom plate 32 and the two side plates 31 that are vertically connected with the opposite two sides of square bottom plate 32, and square bottom plate 32 is provided with and can be connected with corner block 2 and /or the through hole 321 matched with the flange on the top of the standard block 1 and/or the half block 5 . The template block 3 can be connected with the flange 51 of the lower half block 5 or the flange 13 of the standard block 1 or the flange 23 of the corner block 2 through the through hole 321 . the

Referring to Fig. 5, in this example, the corner formwork block 4 comprises a square base plate 41 and three side plates 42, 43, 44 vertically connected with the three sides of the square base plate 41, and the side plate not provided with a side plate The adjacent side plate 42 is provided with an opening 421, and the square bottom plate 41 is provided with a through hole that can cooperate with the flange on the top of the corner block 2 and/or the standard block 1 and/or the half block 5 411. The corner formwork block 4 can be connected with the flange 51 of the lower half block 5 or the flange 13 of the standard block 1 or the flange 23 of the corner block 2 through the through hole 411 . the

The process of utilizing the self-embedding solid masonry structure system without mortar of the present invention to build a house is as follows:

First carry out foundation treatment, foundation construction, waterproof and moisture-proof treatment, and pre-embed steel bars 61 at the position where the core column needs to be poured; then pass the corner block 2 and the left and right adjacent standard blocks 1 and/or half blocks 5 through the concave The groove and the flange are fitted together, so that the steel bar 61 passes through the cavity of the corner block 2 and/or the standard block 1 and/or the half block 5, and the upper and lower adjacent corner blocks Block 2, standard block 1, and semi-block 5 are fitted together through grooves and flanges. When the building reaches half the height of the house, concrete 71 is poured in the cavity through which steel bars pass to form The stem, as shown in Figures 7 and 8. During the masonry process, the flatness of the blocks can be adjusted by grinding or a small amount of cement slurry. When building to the window opening and the door opening, the door frame and the window frame 8 are preset at the door opening and the window opening, and then the formwork block 3 is laid on the top, and the adjacent formwork blocks 3 are set close to each other, and the formwork blocks are set horizontally Rebar, then poured concrete. After the wall masonry is complete, concrete is poured in the cavity through which the steel bars pass to form the core column. At the position where the ring beam needs to be set, formwork blocks and corner formwork blocks are built by masonry, steel bars 63 are arranged in the transverse direction of the formwork blocks and corner formwork blocks, and then concrete 72 is poured to form the ring beam of the house, as shown in Figure 9 shown. The steel bar 62 in the middle of the core column is exposed to a certain height, and then the steel bar is pre-embedded at the place where the roof truss is connected, so that the pre-embedded steel bar is connected with the roof truss to ensure the integrity of the house. the

The present invention also provides a building, which includes the above-mentioned mortar-free self-embedded masonry structure system. the

In the present invention, by changing the geometric structure of the blocks, the blocks can be embedded in each other in the horizontal direction, vertical direction or in both directions. Prove the integrity and seismic performance of the building. the

The blocks of the present invention can be fitted with each other both horizontally and vertically, and mortar can be used in construction without or as little as possible, and the shear force transmission of the wall no longer depends on mortar but on mutual fitting and friction between blocks, thus It reduces the impact of mortar quality and uneven application on the overall quality of the wall during construction, which not only improves the construction speed and reduces the cost, but also automatically forms horizontal and vertical straight lines because the blocks are embedded with each other, which can reduce the dependence on workers' skills , especially suitable for the construction of houses in villages and towns in our country. the

The formwork block and the corner formwork block of the invention can be used as formwork for pouring ring beams, which not only improves the building construction speed, but also saves the cost of the ring beam formwork. the

The formwork block of the present invention can be used as a lintel to make a formwork. During the masonry process, formwork blocks are arranged above door openings and window openings, and then steel bars are arranged according to specific conditions, and concrete is poured. Compared with traditional prefabricated lintels, no The special prefabricated lintel also reduces the damage to the local wall caused by the stress concentration at the end of the lintel during the earthquake. the

Adding steel bars and concrete to the cavities of the blocks at the junction of corners and vertical and horizontal walls can greatly improve the overall earthquake resistance of the house. The block of the present invention is a hollow block, which not only saves materials, but also lightens the dead weight. There is no mortar connection between the building blocks of the present invention, which can facilitate the later repair and dismantling of houses. the

The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. the

Claims (7)

1. A mortarless self-embedded masonry structure system, characterized in that it comprises some standard blocks, some corner blocks, some formwork blocks, some corner formwork blocks and some half blocks, the standard Blocks can be connected with the left and right adjacent standard blocks and/or the half blocks through grooves and flanges, and the standard blocks can be connected with the upper and lower adjacent standard blocks and /or the half-blocks are connected through grooves and flanges, and the corner blocks can be connected with the adjacent standard blocks and/or the half-blocks through grooves and flanges The corner blocks can be connected with the upper and lower adjacent corner blocks and/or the standard blocks and/or the half blocks through grooves and flanges. , the bottom of the formwork block can be connected to the standard block and/or the half block and/or the corner block through the through hole and the flange, and the corner formwork block The bottom of the block can be connected with the standard block and/or the half block and/or the corner block through the cooperation of the through hole and the flange. 2. The mortarless self-fixing masonry structure system according to claim 1, wherein the standard block comprises a cuboid containing two cavities, and the cavities extend from the top of the cuboid to the bottom , the front side of the cuboid is provided with a groove, the rear side of the cuboid is provided with a flange, the top edge of the cavity is provided with a flange, and the bottom edge of the cavity is provided with a groove. 3. The mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system according to claim 1, wherein the half block comprises a cube containing a cavity, and the cavity extends from the top of the cube to the bottom, The front side of the cube is provided with a groove, the rear side of the cube is provided with a flange, the top edge of the cavity is provided with a flange, and the bottom edge of the cavity is provided with a groove. 4. The mortarless self-reinforcing masonry structural system of claim 1, wherein the corner block comprises a cuboid with two cavities extending from the top of the cuboid to the bottom A flange is provided on the rear side of the cuboid, a groove is provided on a side adjacent to the rear side, a flange is provided on the top edge of the cavity, and a flange is provided on the bottom edge of the cavity. There are grooves. 5. The mortarless self-embedded masonry structure system according to claim 1, wherein the formwork block comprises a square base plate and two side plates vertically connected to the opposite sides of the square base plate, the The square bottom plate is provided with a through hole that can match with the flange on the top of the corner block and/or the standard block and/or the half block. 6. The mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system according to claim 1, wherein the corner formwork block comprises a square bottom plate and three side plates vertically connected to three sides of the square bottom plate, The side plate adjacent to the side without side plate is provided with an opening, and the square bottom plate is provided with an opening that can be connected with the corner block and/or the standard block and/or the half block. The flange on the top of the block fits through the hole. 7. A building, characterized in that it comprises the mortar-free self-fixing masonry structure system according to any one of claims 1-6.