EP2732455B1 - Elektromagnetischer antrieb - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer antrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2732455B1
EP2732455B1 EP20120753691 EP12753691A EP2732455B1 EP 2732455 B1 EP2732455 B1 EP 2732455B1 EP 20120753691 EP20120753691 EP 20120753691 EP 12753691 A EP12753691 A EP 12753691A EP 2732455 B1 EP2732455 B1 EP 2732455B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
yoke
drive
yoke parts
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20120753691
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2732455A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Böttcher
Marcus Kampf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2732455A1 publication Critical patent/EP2732455A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2732455B1 publication Critical patent/EP2732455B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1623—Armatures having T-form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/127—Assembling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic drive for an electrical switch, in particular an electrical circuit breaker, with at least one movable armature which can perform a lifting movement along a predetermined sliding direction, directly or indirectly connected to a movable switching contact of the switch and in a closed position at a first armature-side abutment surface with a first magnetically conductive yoke part of the drive and at a second armature-side abutment surface with a second magnetically conductive yoke part of the drive includes a magnetic circuit of the drive, at least one permanent magnet, a magnetic field for the magnetic circuit and a holding force to Holding the armature generated in the closed position, and at least one coil which is arranged such that a current flow through the coil, a magnetic flux can be caused, the magneti the magnetic flux is equal or opposite in the magnetic circuit, the electromagnetic drive after assembly allows a NachjustageDirect bysjustage the position of the first and second yoke member relative to each other by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is possible,
  • a drive is for example from the published patent application EP 0 321 664 known.
  • This drive has a movable armature, which can perform a lifting movement along a predetermined sliding direction and can be connected to a movable switching contact of a switch.
  • the drive comprises a permanent magnet which generates a magnetic field and a holding force for holding the armature in a predetermined position.
  • a coil is arranged such that the drive can be actuated by a current flow and the armature can be moved.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a drive that allows a subsequent adjustment of the components and a subsequent correction of manufacturing tolerances.
  • a major advantage of the drive according to the invention is that this due to the subsequent Disjustage Wegkeit also with relatively large manufacturing tolerances manufactured components can be mounted very little effort; because the electromagnetic drive can be readjusted after installation by the invention provided for magnetic self-adjustment with respect to the arrangement of the first and the second yoke part with very little effort. The readjustment takes place by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet automatically such that the first and the second yoke part are aligned with an optimal distance from each other.
  • the at least one permanent magnet is preferably arranged such that it adjoins at least one of the yoke parts of the drive.
  • the diameter of the hole along the sliding direction of the anchor is preferably at least 10% larger than the diameter of the screw.
  • the hole may, for example, be a slot whose longitudinal direction is aligned along the sliding direction of the anchor.
  • the yoke parts and the permanent magnet (s) preferably form a magnetically conductive hollow body with an opening slot through which the armature can dive into the interior region of the hollow body.
  • the first armature-side abutment surface preferably lies on the outside of the outside of the hollow body and the second armature-side abutment surface on the inside of the hollow body.
  • the hollow body is tubular or channel-shaped and extends along a longitudinal axis which is aligned perpendicular to the predetermined sliding direction of the armature and the opening slot extends parallel to the longitudinal axis and the armature closes the opening slot.
  • the hollow body is at least partially closed at its front and rear tube or gutter end each with a metal sheet, preferably of magnetically non-conductive material.
  • the anchor is preferably a plunger anchor with a T-shaped cross-section.
  • the armature is preferably connected to a spring device which exerts a spring force in the direction of the open position of the armature in which the magnetic circuit is open.
  • the invention further relates to a method for mounting an electromagnetic drive for an electrical switch, in particular an electrical circuit breaker.
  • the drive is pre-assembled and the magnetic circuit is then closed by the armature by the armature is brought into its closed position, the drive is brought into the Nachjustage gleich and self-adjustment of the position of the yoke parts to each other the magnetic force of the permanent magnet takes place and after the Edjustage the yoke parts are brought into a fixed state, in which the orientation of the yoke parts remains fixed regardless of the further positioning of the armature.
  • the drive is brought into the Nachjustage gleich by a screw connection between at least two relative to each other along the sliding direction of the armature in a predetermined range displaceable yoke parts is released, and after Denjustage the yoke parts are firmly screwed again.
  • an electromagnetic drive 10 for an electrical switch 20 which may be, for example, a circuit breaker.
  • the electrical switch 20 comprises a movable switching contact 21 and a stationary switching contact 22.
  • the movable switching contact 21 is in communication with a drive rod 30 of the electromagnetic drive 10, which cooperates with a spring device 40 of the electromagnetic drive 10.
  • a further drive rod 50 is also coupled, which is connected to a plunger armature 60 of the electromagnetic drive 10.
  • the plunger armature 60 can perform a stroke movement along a predetermined sliding direction P and thereby immerse in a magnetic hollow body 70 of the drive 10.
  • FIG. 1 shows the plunger armature 60 with solid lines in an open position, in which it projects out of the hollow body 70. With dashed lines and with the reference numeral 61, the closed position of the plunger anchor is shown, in which it is completely inserted into the magnetic hollow body 70.
  • the function of the spring means 40 is the further drive rod 50 in the FIG. 1 to push upward, so that the plunger armature 60 is acted upon by a spring force, which should bring him to the open position.
  • the movable switching contact 21 is in an open position, which in the FIG. 1 is shown by solid lines.
  • a magnetic force can be generated with which the plunger armature 60 is brought against the spring force of the spring means 40 in its closed position.
  • the plunger armature is held by the magnetic hollow body 70 even when no current is passed through the coil 80.
  • the magnetic force required by the magnetic hollow body 70 to hold the plunger armature 60 in the closed position is generated by two permanent magnets 90 and 95 forming constituents of the magnetic hollow body 70.
  • the two permanent magnets 90 and 95 includes the magnetic hollow body 70 in the embodiment according to FIG.
  • the arrangement of the five yoke parts 100, 105, 110, 115 and 120 is selected such that the magnetic Hollow body 70 forms an opening slot 130 through which the cross-sectionally substantially T-shaped plunger armature 60 can dip into the hollow body.
  • the five yoke parts 100, 105, 110, 115 and 120 are made of a magnetizable material, such as a ferrous material.
  • the plunger armature 60 has a first armature-side abutment surface 62 and a second armature-side abutment surface 63.
  • the first armature-side abutment surface 62 rests on the outside 71 of the magnetic hollow body 70 or on the outside of the first yoke part 100 and the third yoke part 110.
  • the second armature-side abutment surface 63 is in the closed position of the plunger armature 60 on the inside 72 of the hollow body 70, on the inside of the second yoke part 105, on.
  • two magnetic circuits are closed whose magnetic flux is caused by the two permanent magnets 90 and 95.
  • the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit flows back from the permanent magnet 90 via the fourth yoke part 115, the first yoke part 100, the plunger armature 60 and the second yoke part 105 to the permanent magnet 90.
  • the magnetic flux of the second permanent magnet 95 flows through the fifth yoke part 120, the third yoke part 110, the diver anchor 60 and the second yoke part 105.
  • the plunger armature 60 By the magnetic force of the two magnetic circuits, the plunger armature 60 is held in its closed position, although the spring force of the spring means 40 wants to bring the plunger armature 60 in the open position.
  • the spring force of the spring device 40 is thus dimensioned smaller than the magnetic force of the magnetic circuits of the two permanent magnets 90 and 95th
  • the electrical switch 20 is to be opened with the electromagnetic drive 10, so is by the coil 80 a Current is fed, which is opposite to the two magnetic circuits of the two permanent magnets 90 and 95. Characterized the magnetic holding force of the two magnetic circuits of the two permanent magnets 90 and 95 is lowered, so that the spring force of the spring means 40 is sufficient to push the plunger 60 in its open position.
  • the distance between the first armature-side abutment surface 62 and the outer side 71 of the hollow body and the distance between the second armature-side abutment surface 63 and the inner side 72 of the hollow body is so large that the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 90 and 95 is no longer is sufficient to close the plunger armature 60 against the spring force of the spring device 40.
  • FIG. 2 shows for a better overview the plunger armature 60 again in its open position in a larger view. It can be seen that the distance A2 between the first armature-side abutment surface 62 and the second armature-side abutment surface 63 corresponds to the distance A1 between the outer side of the first yoke part 100 and the inside of the second yoke part 105. For this reason, the two magnetic circuits of the two permanent magnets 90 and 95 gap-free, at least approximately gap-free, closed when the plunger armature 60 is fully inserted into the hollow body 70. This shows the closer FIG. 3 ,
  • FIG. 4 shows a case where the distance A1 between the two armature-side abutment surfaces 62 and 63 is slightly larger than the distance A2.
  • a ⁇ 1 A ⁇ 2 + d ⁇ x ,
  • the length difference dx can be based on manufacturing tolerances in the production of the yoke parts, in particular the fourth yoke part 115 and the fifth yoke part 120, or on manufacturing tolerances in the manufacture of the plunger anchor 60.
  • the two magnetic circuits M1 and M2 (see. FIG. 3 ), without having to bridge air gaps, is in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 in the fourth yoke part 115 as well as in the fifth yoke part 120 a Nachjustage Anlagenkeit provided with the manufacturing tolerances can be corrected later.
  • the fourth yoke part 115 and the fifth yoke part 120 each with holes 200 and 205 whose diameter d is slightly larger than the diameter of the associated fastening screws 210 and 215, which are screwed into the first yoke 100 and the third yoke 110 and hold the fourth yoke 115 and the fifth yoke 120 clamped. Due to the oversized size of the bores 200 and 205, it is now possible to subsequently correct the difference in length dx, namely by loosening the two fastening screws 210 and 215 in the closed position of the plunger armature 60.
  • the first yoke member 100 and the third yoke member 110 are pulled up so that they will abut with their outside on the first armature-side abutment surface 62.
  • the pulling up of the first yoke part 100 and the third yoke part 110 is based on the magnetic force of the two magnetic circuits M1 and M2, which always exert a magnetic force such that the magnetic circuit M1 or M2 is closed gap-free.
  • the Indian FIG. 4 illustrated air gap between the plunger armature 62 and the two yoke parts 105 and 110 is thus thus closed by the magnetic force of the two permanent magnets 90 and 95 by the two yoke parts are pulled by the difference in length dx upwards.
  • the diameter d of the holes 200 and 205 along the sliding direction of the armature is preferably at least 10% greater than the diameter of the fastening screws 210 and 215.
  • the bores 200 and 205 may be, for example, slots whose longitudinal direction aligned along the sliding direction of the armature is.
  • the two fastening screws 210 and 215 can be tightened again so that the position of the first yoke part 100 and that of the third yoke part 110 relative to the fourth yoke part 115 and the fifth yoke part 120 is fixed again by clamping.
  • the distance between the two armature-side abutment surfaces 62 and 63 the distance between the outside of the two yoke parts 100 and 110 and the inside of the second yoke part 105th
  • FIG. 6 By way of example, the mechanical structure of an electromagnetic drive is shown in a three-dimensional exploded view.
  • One recognizes the first yoke part 100, which is screwed to the fourth yoke part 115 by means of screws which are guided by oversized bores 200.
  • the permanent magnet 90 Between the fourth yoke part 115 and the second yoke part 105 is the permanent magnet 90, which is fixed by means of two fastening plates 300 and 305 to the yoke parts.
  • the two fixing plates 300 and 305 also fix the other permanent magnet 95, which is positioned between the second yoke part 105 and the fifth yoke part 120.
  • the third yoke part 110 is fixed by means of fastening screws, which are guided by oversized bores 205.
  • the holes 200 and 205 are slightly larger than the fastening screws used, so that it can come to an automatic readjustment when the plunger armature 60 is too large or too small dimensioned and occur in the closed position of the plunger armature unwanted air gaps.
  • the plunger armature 60 is in the embodiment according to FIG. 6 formed by an upper anchor plate 64 and a guide plate 65 which are screwed onto an anchor central portion 66.
  • the yoke parts 100, 105, 110, 115 and 120 and the two permanent magnets 90 and 95 form a hollow body which is tubular or channel-shaped and extends along a longitudinal axis L.
  • the longitudinal axis L is perpendicular to the predetermined sliding direction P, with the plunger armature 60 performs its lifting movement.
  • the front and rear Rohroder groove end of the tubular or channel-shaped hollow body is closed in each case with a sheet, of which one example in the FIG. 6 is shown and designated by the reference numeral 310.
  • FIG. 7 shows the electromagnetic drive according to Figure 6 in the assembled state. It can be seen two sheets 310 and 320, which complete the tubular or channel-shaped hollow body 70 at the two pipe or gutter ends. In addition, one recognizes the further drive rod 50, which is led out of the hollow body 70 and with the spring means 40 according to FIG. 1 can be connected.
  • the fourth yoke member 115 and the second yoke member 105, the two mounting plates 300 and 305 and the coil 80 can be seen, which can protrude through recesses in the two sheets 310 and 320 from the hollow body 70.
  • the fastening screws 210 can be seen, with which the first yoke part is screwed to the fourth yoke part 115 such that an automatic readjustment, as has been described above, is possible.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
EP20120753691 2011-09-05 2012-08-23 Elektromagnetischer antrieb Active EP2732455B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011082114A DE102011082114B3 (de) 2011-09-05 2011-09-05 Elektromagnetischer Antrieb
PCT/EP2012/066398 WO2013034445A1 (de) 2011-09-05 2012-08-23 Elektromagnetischer antrieb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2732455A1 EP2732455A1 (de) 2014-05-21
EP2732455B1 true EP2732455B1 (de) 2015-05-20

Family

ID=46785387

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20120753691 Active EP2732455B1 (de) 2011-09-05 2012-08-23 Elektromagnetischer antrieb

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US8975992B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP2732455B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN103782358B (pt)
AU (1) AU2012306587C1 (pt)
BR (1) BR112014004810B8 (pt)
CA (1) CA2847457C (pt)
DE (1) DE102011082114B3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2538237T3 (pt)
HK (1) HK1193496A1 (pt)
MX (1) MX2014002610A (pt)
PT (1) PT2732455E (pt)
RU (1) RU2608563C2 (pt)
WO (1) WO2013034445A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013013585B4 (de) * 2013-06-20 2020-09-17 Rhefor Gbr Selbsthaltemagnet mit besonders kleiner elektrischer Auslöseleistung
CN107615890A (zh) * 2015-05-11 2018-01-19 株式会社荏原制作所 电磁铁装置、电磁铁控制装置、电磁铁控制方法及电磁铁系统
EP3182436A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-21 ABB Schweiz AG Medium voltage circuit breaker for subsea applications
EP3454456B1 (en) * 2017-09-08 2021-03-10 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Pole piece for a torque motor
CN108242348A (zh) * 2018-02-23 2018-07-03 首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司 一种电磁铁
US10818460B2 (en) * 2018-11-14 2020-10-27 S&C Electric Company Magnetic assembly for generating blow-on contact force
CN112614746B (zh) * 2020-12-08 2024-04-26 东莞市中汇瑞德电子股份有限公司 磁保持磁路装置及直流接触器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6053004A (ja) * 1983-09-02 1985-03-26 Tomohiko Akuta 高応答電磁ソレノイド
DE3563140D1 (en) 1984-08-20 1988-07-07 Telemecanique Electrique Polarised electromagnet presenting a symmetric disposition
EP0321664B1 (en) 1987-12-23 1994-12-28 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc A polarized electromagnet
JPH0653004A (ja) 1992-07-30 1994-02-25 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 角形チップ抵抗器およびその製造方法
RU2074438C1 (ru) * 1994-10-14 1997-02-27 Всероссийский электротехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Электромагнитный привод выключателей
DE19637077A1 (de) * 1996-09-12 1998-03-19 Maier & Cie C Permanentmagnet für den magnetischen Kreis eines vorzugsweise in einem Fehlerstromschutzschalter einsetzbaren Magnetauslösers
CN1234135C (zh) * 2001-01-18 2005-12-28 株式会社日立制作所 电磁铁和使用该电磁铁的开关装置的操作机构
DE102004034296B3 (de) * 2004-07-06 2005-06-23 Saia-Burgess Dresden Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktuator
FR2896615A1 (fr) 2006-01-20 2007-07-27 Areva T & D Sa Actionneur magnetique a aimant permanent a volume reduit
JP2007227766A (ja) 2006-02-24 2007-09-06 Toshiba Corp 電磁アクチュエータ
WO2008133972A1 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-11-06 Saia-Burgess Inc. Adjustable mid air gap magnetic latching solenoid
DE102007038165B4 (de) * 2007-08-13 2011-06-09 Siemens Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140210576A1 (en) 2014-07-31
CA2847457C (en) 2020-07-28
PT2732455E (pt) 2015-09-11
MX2014002610A (es) 2014-04-14
EP2732455A1 (de) 2014-05-21
WO2013034445A1 (de) 2013-03-14
HK1193496A1 (zh) 2014-09-19
CA2847457A1 (en) 2013-03-14
CN103782358A (zh) 2014-05-07
RU2014112932A (ru) 2015-10-20
RU2608563C2 (ru) 2017-01-23
BR112014004810B1 (pt) 2021-01-05
CN103782358B (zh) 2016-10-12
BR112014004810B8 (pt) 2021-04-13
US8975992B2 (en) 2015-03-10
BR112014004810A2 (pt) 2017-03-21
ES2538237T3 (es) 2015-06-18
AU2012306587A1 (en) 2014-03-06
AU2012306587B2 (en) 2016-07-28
AU2012306587C1 (en) 2017-02-02
DE102011082114B3 (de) 2013-01-31

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