EP2726808B1 - Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2726808B1
EP2726808B1 EP12731421.9A EP12731421A EP2726808B1 EP 2726808 B1 EP2726808 B1 EP 2726808B1 EP 12731421 A EP12731421 A EP 12731421A EP 2726808 B1 EP2726808 B1 EP 2726808B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
tubes
row
bottom plate
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12731421.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2726808A1 (fr
Inventor
Aurélie Bellenfant
Alain Pourmarin
Fabienne Bedon
Eric Goyet
Jean-Christophe Prevost
Virginie Vincent
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0214—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only longitudinal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
    • F28F9/0209—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions having only transversal partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F28F9/0256—Arrangements for coupling connectors with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0084—Condensers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1, for example used as a condenser in a ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
  • a heat exchanger is known from FR-A1-2 803 378 .
  • the invention also relates to a ventilation, heating and / or air conditioning installation box and an air conditioning circuit comprising such a heat exchanger.
  • a second longitudinal partition wall arranged in the second manifold, longitudinally separates the latter into two fluid reversal compartments.
  • the second partition is multi-perforated, so as to put in fluid communication the two turning compartments.
  • the reduced section of the perforations of the second partition is at the origin of significant pressure losses, which degrade the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the plurality of perforations weakens the structure of the second header, thereby affecting the overall strength of the heat exchanger. Consequently, any increase in the number or dimensions of the perforations would further weaken the structure of the exchanger.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and, in particular, to provide a front or inner face heat exchanger with minimal pressure drop and satisfactory thermal performance, and in particular a uniformity of the flow temperature of air at the outlet of the exchanger in the case of an indoor exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger comprises the features defined in claim 1.
  • the partitions are transverse in that they extend in a direction perpendicular to a front face of the exchanger, said face receiving the air flow with which the coolant exchange.
  • the refrigerant fluid for circulation in the heat exchanger is uniformly distributed in the tubes of the first row through the fluid inlet compartment.
  • the coolant is guided in the tubes of the second row, facing, using the corresponding reversing compartments.
  • the refrigerant is discharged outside the heat exchanger.
  • the use of a plurality of reversing compartments makes it possible to improve the distribution of the fluid in the tubes - and thus to improve the efficiency of the exchanger by making the temperature of the air at the outlet of the exchanger uniform, in particular while reducing the pressure losses that could adversely affect the performance of the exchanger, the turning compartments being advantageously dimensioned to reduce as much as possible load losses.
  • the size of such an exchanger is substantially reduced and the rigidity thereof improved by the presence of a plurality of transverse partitions.
  • the invention makes it possible to optimize the thermal performance of the heat exchanger relative to an imposed space requirement, in particular when the heat exchanger must be integrated in a heating, ventilation and / or heating casing. in the latter case, the heat exchanger being an indoor heat exchanger.
  • the inverting compartments have identical dimensions with respect to each other, so that they all accommodate the same number of tubes of the first and second rows.
  • each turning compartment can accommodate one or a plurality of tubes of each of the two rows.
  • a portion of said metal plate is in sealing contact with the corresponding bottom plate, to form the longitudinal partition wall.
  • the longitudinal separation partition may be separate and independent of the cover and be interposed between the latter and the bottom plate.
  • each of the orifices of the bottom plate is surmounted by an external collar, that is to say which extends outwardly of an internal volume defined by the manifold, for fixing corresponding tube.
  • the lid of the second manifold is in the form of a stamped metal plate defining the flipping compartments.
  • portions of said metal plate are in sealing contact with the corresponding bottom plate, to form the transverse partition walls.
  • the transverse partition walls can be separate and independent of the cover and be interposed between the latter and the bottom plate.
  • the heat exchanger preferably comprises a refrigerant inlet tubing and a refrigerant outlet tubing in fluid communication with the inlet compartment and the outlet compartment, respectively.
  • the inlet and outlet pipes may each comprise a lateral skirt attached to an outer face of the first manifold, which facilitates the pre-assembly before brazing of the heat exchanger, in particular by holding together the bottom plate and the cover of the first collector box.
  • the heat exchanger advantageously comprises corrugated spacers arranged such that each spacer is disposed between two adjacent tubes of the first row and extends between the two facing adjacent tubes belonging to the second row.
  • the first and second rows of tubes extend in the vertical direction, so as to minimize the temperature differences of the air output of the heat exchanger.
  • such an orientation facilitates the evacuation of the water which condenses on an outer face of the tubes.
  • the gravity and the vertical character of the tubes when the indoor heat exchanger is installed in the ventilation system facilitates the flow of this water.
  • the invention also relates to a housing of a ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning, including a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchanger of the type described above.
  • the present invention also relates to an air conditioning circuit inside which circulates a refrigerant fluid, comprising at least one compressor, an external heat exchanger, an evaporator and an indoor heat exchanger as detailed above.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is an internal condenser integrated in a motor vehicle air conditioning circuit (not shown in the figures) operating at least in a heat pump mode, the internal condenser being arranged in a housing of the ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning of the vehicle (not shown).
  • such a heat exchanger could also be used as a front-end heat exchanger for a vehicle, subject to modifications relating, in particular, to the dimensions of the structure of the exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 1 which extends over a width l in a longitudinal direction x, a depth p in a transverse direction y perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x, and a height h according to a vertical direction z perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x and to the transverse direction y, comprises a bundle of tubes formed of a plurality of longitudinal tubes 2 - extending in the vertical direction z - within which a cooling fluid can pass which comes from the air conditioning circuit.
  • the tubes 2 could still be arranged horizontally or at any inclination, the vertical direction being the preferred direction for the indoor exchanger mounted in the housing of the ventilation system of the vehicle.
  • Vertical or horizontal direction of an element, in particular the tubes, is determined with regard to the position that the exchanger can take once installed on the vehicle, such a position that can be evaluated without necessarily arranged the exchanger in the vehicle.
  • each row of tubes 3A, 3B comprises a plurality of tubes 2 regularly distributed in the longitudinal direction x.
  • the heat exchanger 1 also comprises a first and a second collector boxes 4 and 5 - of elongate shape in the longitudinal direction x - within which open the tubes 2 of each of said rows 3A and 3B. The two longitudinal ends of the tubes 2 are thus received respectively in the first manifold 4 and in the second manifold 5.
  • the first and second manifolds 4 and 5 each have a bottom plate 6, 7 and a cover 8, 9 attached thereto.
  • the bottom plate 6, 7 and the cover 8, 9 of each of the manifolds 4, 5 have a rectangular shape and extend, in length, in the longitudinal direction x and, in width, in the transverse direction y.
  • Each bottom plate 6, 7, formed of metallic material, comprises a plane contact face 6A, 7A - against which is mounted the cover 8, 9 corresponding - which is pierced with a plurality of through holes 10 distributed in a first and a second parallel array extending in the longitudinal direction x.
  • the section of the orifices 10 corresponds to the external cross section of the tubes 2, so that the longitudinal end of each of the tubes 2 can pass, at least in part, the corresponding orifice 10 of the bottom plate 6, 7.
  • each of the orifices 10 of the bottom plates 6 and 7 is surmounted by an outer collar 11 - whose internal section is substantially identical to that of the orifice 10 that it extends - to ensure a quality fixation of the corresponding tube 2.
  • Each collar 11 extends, in the vertical direction z, outside the corresponding header 4, 5.
  • each bottom plate 6, 7 comprises a plurality of attachment tabs 12 - evenly distributed along its side edges - which are folded over the side edges of the lid 8, 9 corresponding.
  • the cover 8 of the first manifold 4 has first and second longitudinal recesses 13 and 14, otherwise known as longitudinal deformations - parallel to each other - which extend in the longitudinal direction x.
  • the two adjacent recesses 13 and 14 have a cross section of semicircular shape.
  • the longitudinal recesses 13 and 14 can be made by stamping a metal plate 15 which, when pressed, forms the cover 8 of the first manifold 4.
  • the first longitudinal recess 13 is separated from the second longitudinal recess 14 by a longitudinal partition 16, extending in the x direction.
  • this longitudinal partition 16 is formed by a portion of the metal plate 15 kept in sealing contact with the corresponding bottom plate, for example by brazing.
  • the longitudinal partition wall 16 corresponds to a longitudinal unsworn portion of the metal plate 15, forming the cover 8.
  • the first and second longitudinal recesses 13 and 14 define respectively a coolant inlet compartment 17, into which the tubes 2 of the first row 3A, and a coolant outlet compartment 18, adjacent to the inlet compartment 17, into which the tubes 2 of the second row 3B open.
  • the orifices 10 of the first row of the bottom plate 6 open into the inlet compartment 17, while those of the second row open into the outlet compartment 18.
  • One of the longitudinal ends of the first and second recesses 13 and 14 is open and opens into one of the longitudinal ends of the cover 8, the opposite longitudinal end being closed by a transverse partition 19 formed by a non-stamped portion of the metal plate 15. sealed contact with the bottom plate 6.
  • the bottom plate 6 of the first manifold 4 comprises two gutters, otherwise called semicircular deformation 20, respectively arranged facing the longitudinal ends of the inlet and outlet compartments 17 and 18.
  • Each of the semi-circular deformations 20, for example made by stamping the bottom plate 6, extends longitudinally over a reduced portion of the latter and has a cross section of semi-circular shape whose internal diameter is identical to that of the longitudinal recesses 13 and 14.
  • the longitudinal recesses 13 and 14 are respectively facing semi-circular deformations 20, so as to delimit an inlet channel 21 or outlet 22 of refrigerant with circular internal and external transverse sections.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises a coolant inlet pipe 23 and a coolant outlet pipe 24 in fluid communication respectively with the inlet compartment 17 and the outlet compartment 18, in order to allow a free flow of water. connecting the heat exchanger 1 to the refrigerant circuit.
  • the inlet pipes 23 and outlet 24 each comprise a side skirt 23A, 24A attached to an outer face of the inlet channels 21 and outlet 22 of the first manifold 4, at one of its longitudinal ends. It is thus understood that the lateral skirt 23A, 23B has an internal diameter equal to the external diameter of the assembly formed by the longitudinal recess 13, 14 joined or close to the semicircular deformation 20 concerned.
  • the bottom 20A of the semicircular deformations 20 is connected to the face of the bottom plate 6, turned towards the cover 8, by an intermediate connecting zone 20B which has, in axial section, a predetermined curvature comprising a point of inflection O.
  • the cover 9 of the second manifold 5 has a plurality of identical transversal recesses - parallel to each other - which extend in the transverse direction y.
  • the transverse recesses 25 have a cross section of substantially semicircular shape. They can be made by stamping a metal plate 26 which, when pressed, forms the lid 9 of the second header 5.
  • each transverse partition 27 is formed by a portion of the metal plate 26 held in sealing contact with the corresponding bottom plate 7.
  • the transverse partition walls 27 each correspond to a longitudinal unsworn portion of the metal plate 26 which forms the cover 9.
  • the transverse recesses 25 define refrigerant flipping compartments 28 into which two tubes 2 of the first row 3A and two tubes 2 open. of the second row 3B. It goes without saying that the number of tubes 2 of the first row 3A and the second row 3B opening in each turnaround compartment 28 may be less than or greater than two.
  • Each turnaround compartment 28 is devoid of fluid communication with the adjacent turnaround compartment (s) 28.
  • each turning compartment 28 puts in fluid communication two tubes 2 of the first row 3A with the two tubes 2 opposite the second row 3B.
  • the section of the turning compartments 28 is advantageously determined so that the pressure drops of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 1 are minimized.
  • the heat exchanger 1 also comprises corrugated spacers 29 formed of a plurality of heat exchange fins.
  • Each corrugated spacer 29 is disposed between two adjacent tubes 2 of the first row 3A and extends between the two adjacent tubes 2 opposite belonging to the second row 3B. A solder contact is maintained between the corrugated insert 29 and the corresponding tubes 2 which frame it to facilitate heat exchange.
  • the spacers 29 disposed at the ends of the bundle of tubes 2 are in contact with a single tube 2 of the first row 3A and the second row 3B and with an end plate 30 providing a stiffening of the structure of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the heat exchanger 1 is uniformly distributed in the tubes 2 of the first row 3A through the inlet compartment 17, after being introduced into it by the inlet manifold 23, as represented symbolically arrow F1.
  • the coolant is guided in the tubes 2 of the second row 3B through the corresponding turning compartments 28.
  • the refrigerant then passes through the tubes 2 of the second row 3B to end in the outlet compartment 18 through which it is finally discharged outside the heat exchanger 1, after passing through the outlet pipe 24, as the illustrates the arrow F2.
  • the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the heat exchanger 1 is a two-pass circulation, the first pass corresponding to the crossing of the first row of tube 3A, the second pass corresponding to the passing through the second row 3B, the air symbolically represented by the arrow G traversing in order the second row of tubes 3B and the first row of tubes 3A.
  • it limits the internal pressure losses, particularly in comparison with a four-pass heat exchanger, while maintaining a uniformity of temperature on the front side of the exchanger which makes it compatible and usable for mounting in a housing of a vehicle ventilation system.
  • the heat exchanger 1 comprises fastening means (not shown in the figures) which, once the heat exchanger installed in a housing of a ventilation system, heating and / or air conditioning, a vertical holding of his tubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
EP12731421.9A 2011-06-28 2012-06-28 Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur Active EP2726808B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1101980A FR2977304B1 (fr) 2011-06-28 2011-06-28 Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur
PCT/EP2012/062597 WO2013001019A1 (fr) 2011-06-28 2012-06-28 Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2726808A1 EP2726808A1 (fr) 2014-05-07
EP2726808B1 true EP2726808B1 (fr) 2016-07-06

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ID=46456567

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12731421.9A Active EP2726808B1 (fr) 2011-06-28 2012-06-28 Echangeur de chaleur, boitier et circuit de climatisation comprenant un tel echangeur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9958218B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2726808B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6310386B2 (es)
ES (1) ES2588762T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2977304B1 (es)
MX (1) MX345509B (es)
WO (1) WO2013001019A1 (es)

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GB0900494D0 (en) 2009-01-14 2009-02-11 Airbus Uk Ltd Aerofoil Structure
JP6483409B2 (ja) * 2013-12-26 2019-03-13 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 熱交換器
JP6352401B2 (ja) * 2014-04-22 2018-07-04 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和装置
FR3023365B1 (fr) * 2014-07-03 2020-10-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Collecteur pour un faisceau d'echange d'un echangeur de chaleur
FR3025304B1 (fr) * 2014-08-26 2016-12-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Boite collectrice compacte pour un echangeur de chaleur
JP6336100B2 (ja) 2014-10-07 2018-06-06 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器、及び、空気調和装置
JP6333401B2 (ja) * 2014-10-07 2018-05-30 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器、及び、空気調和装置
FR3030710B1 (fr) * 2014-12-18 2017-01-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Boite collectrice pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur equipe de ladite boite collectrice
US20160231067A1 (en) * 2015-02-09 2016-08-11 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Heat exchanger with clam-shell header
JP6746234B2 (ja) * 2017-01-25 2020-08-26 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 熱交換器、及び、空気調和機
WO2019115885A1 (fr) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Échangeur thermique, notamment évaporateur, muni d'un dispositif de raccordement pour l'introduction et l'extraction d'un fluide caloporteur
WO2019244408A1 (ja) * 2018-06-19 2019-12-26 シャープ株式会社 熱交換器および空気調和機
EP3690377B1 (en) * 2019-01-29 2024-08-07 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heat exchanger, housing and air conditioning circuit comprising such an exchanger
EP4317884A1 (en) * 2022-08-02 2024-02-07 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heat exchanger
EP4317895A1 (en) * 2022-08-02 2024-02-07 Valeo Systemes Thermiques A tank assembly
WO2024190835A1 (ja) * 2023-03-16 2024-09-19 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器

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EP0676593A1 (en) 1994-04-10 1995-10-11 Plastic Magen A heat exchanger
DE19746371A1 (de) 1996-10-30 1998-05-07 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Wärmetauscher mit einem Sammelkasten mit zwei aneinander angrenzenden Kammern
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FR2803378A1 (fr) * 1999-12-29 2001-07-06 Valeo Climatisation Echangeur de chaleur a tubes a plusieurs canaux, en particulier pour vehicule automobile
DE60011616T2 (de) 1999-12-29 2005-07-14 Valeo Climatisation Wärmetauscher mit mehrkanalrohren
EP1298401A2 (en) 2001-09-29 2003-04-02 Halla Climate Control Corporation Heat exchanger
JP2003207294A (ja) 2002-01-15 2003-07-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 熱交換器
EP1460364A2 (en) 2003-03-19 2004-09-22 Calsonic Kansei UK Limited Automotive heat exchangers
FR2866419A1 (fr) 2004-02-17 2005-08-19 Valeo Climatisation Boite collectrice munie d'une tubulure de raccordement pour un echangeur de chaleur brase.

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MX2014000109A (es) 2014-02-17
US20140224461A1 (en) 2014-08-14
MX345509B (es) 2017-02-01
ES2588762T3 (es) 2016-11-04
JP2014518370A (ja) 2014-07-28
US9958218B2 (en) 2018-05-01
FR2977304B1 (fr) 2013-07-19
FR2977304A1 (fr) 2013-01-04
WO2013001019A1 (fr) 2013-01-03
EP2726808A1 (fr) 2014-05-07
JP6310386B2 (ja) 2018-04-11

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