EP2722466A1 - Composite system for reinforcing building elements - Google Patents

Composite system for reinforcing building elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2722466A1
EP2722466A1 EP13189403.2A EP13189403A EP2722466A1 EP 2722466 A1 EP2722466 A1 EP 2722466A1 EP 13189403 A EP13189403 A EP 13189403A EP 2722466 A1 EP2722466 A1 EP 2722466A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite system
elements
tensile
reinforcement
tensile elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13189403.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2722466B1 (en
Inventor
Atilla Ötes
Axel Wertenbroch
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Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH
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Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP2722466A1 publication Critical patent/EP2722466A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E04C2/14—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/027—Preventive constructional measures against earthquake damage in existing buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite system for reinforcing walls and columns, in particular masonry walls.
  • the DE 10 2011 118 854 A1 relates to a method for retrofitting a containment for nuclear power plants.
  • the shell constructed in reinforced concrete construction is to be provided for this purpose with internal and external steel sheet constructs.
  • the measure is the subsequent increase in the bending capacity of a concrete wall against aircraft crash. It is not comparable with the reinforcement of a masonry wall to increase the disk carrying capacity in wall plane.
  • the object of the present invention is accordingly to provide a system for reinforcing walls, which has the disadvantages of the prior art Technology does not have.
  • the system is designed to allow quick and easy installation.
  • an installation in the dry construction method should be made possible, so that the disadvantages of using the treated buildings during the construction work on the walls are as small as possible.
  • the expansion of the invention leads in a composite system with reinforcing elements to a significant improvement in the support properties.
  • the composite system has a higher carrying capacity with the extended cross-section and provides with the tensile elements - an increase in system integrity and ductility.
  • the composite system according to the invention is particularly suitable for the subsequent reinforcement of walls, e.g. of masonry buildings in seismic areas.
  • the composite system according to the invention is used in particular for the reinforcement of load-bearing and stiffening masonry walls, which are claimed in the wall plane by vertical and horizontal forces.
  • the typical boundary bearing behavior of stiffening masonry walls is characterized by diagonal cracks, which can lead to the loss of carrying capacity with the splitting in the wall into individual sections.
  • the composite system according to the invention holds together with the tensile elements the masonry wall together and allows the recording and transmission of Horizontal forces in the wall while limiting deformation.
  • the composite system according to the invention can in principle also be applied to infilling masonry walls in skeletal constructions.
  • the aim of the reinforcement in this case is to improve the involvement of the masonry in absorbing the horizontal forces in the building while increasing safety against falling out.
  • the system according to the invention with a simple and quick installation allows the realization of the gain in a short time. So the system is also suitable for emergency measures after an earthquake.
  • the attachment can be done in dry construction, so that the impairment of the use of the structures is low. Prefabrication of the elements ex works also ensures high product quality. With the matching masonry and prefabricated fasteners, z. As dowels, a secure and durable connection technology is realized. The adaptability to local conditions can also be guaranteed.
  • the tensile elements in a particular case are also exchangeable interchangeable. Likewise, the tensile elements can be clad, e.g. through plaster.
  • the tension-resistant elements used according to the invention allow a modular construction and a modular arrangement. That is, the tensile elements may have the size of the wall or be divided into a plurality of individual elements. Due to the modular design, a quick installation on buildings without the use of heavy equipment is possible. Basically, the tensile elements are designed so that they can be carried by two people and also have manageable dimensions.
  • the tensile strength of the elements is determined by the inserted reinforcement.
  • the tensile strength is in a range of 0.6 to 1.2 kN / cm 2 cross-sectional area of the reinforcing member.
  • the tensile elements have a thickness from 10 mm to 40 mm, preferably 15 mm to 25 mm. Basically, the thickness should be about 20 mm.
  • the weight of the tensile element results from the density of the material used. For concrete, it is in a range of 2.0 - 2.5 kg / dm 3 . In a particularly preferred embodiment, the weight per element is about 50 kg.
  • the weight of the reinforcing elements is preferably 20-100 kg / m 2 .
  • the tensile elements can be applied on one side or on both sides of walls. This may vary depending on local conditions.
  • the individual tensile elements are based on the octametric measure of masonry in their dimensions. This results in sizes for the tensile elements, which are a multiple of 12.5 cm. Preference is given to rectangular elements with heights of 12, 5 cm to 250 cm, preferably from 25 cm to 75 cm. The lengths of the rectangular elements are preferably 75 cm to 250 cm, more preferably 100 cm to 200 cm.
  • the tensile elements are provided with through holes. These allow attachment by means of mechanical fasteners.
  • the arrangement of the holes is also based on the octametric measurement system. Thus, for example, at a height of the tensile element of 50 cm, through holes are provided in a grid of 25 cm. That is, the edge distance of the holes is 12.5 cm while a distance of 25 cm is provided between the holes.
  • the tensile elements may have a reinforcement in the area of the holes. This can be achieved with one or more additional built-in plate (s).
  • the reinforcing elements in masonry summarize several rows of stones.
  • an offset arrangement is preferred. That is, the tensile elements on each side of the wall are arranged opposite heights. This ensures that the abutting edges of the tensile elements are at different heights.
  • the effectiveness of the measure can be increased by the fact that the edges of the tensile elements are intermeshed liquid form. This enables transmission of the thrust forces between the individual tensile elements.
  • the toothing on the edge of the tensile element can be done on the one hand by appropriate profiling of the edge and on the other hand by using local or peripheral elements, e.g. by a prefabricated edge element made of steel, which also allows in the production of the finished part, the edge formwork and the attitude of the probation.
  • the toothing can be improved by introducing a grout.
  • the tensile elements can be supplemented by interlocking the horizontal joints to form a bandage structure.
  • the tensile elements according to the invention have textile reinforcements.
  • the elements can in principle be made of any suitable materials. However, concrete is particularly suitable, i. the elements are made in this case of textile-reinforced concrete. Such elements allow good carrying properties with low component thickness and thus a low weight of the tensile elements.
  • the thicknesses of the tensile elements are depending on the stress between 10 mm to 40 mm, preferably 15 mm to 25 mm.
  • technical textiles are suitable as reinforcement inserts.
  • Particularly suitable as reinforcement are carbon fibers.
  • other materials may be used, for.
  • the carbon fibers are preferably incorporated in the form of mats (fabric, scrim).
  • the reinforcement situation is related to built the cross section in the middle of the component so that there is an equal concrete cover on both sides.
  • the reinforcement insert is determined depending on the expected load. Depending on the load, several reinforcement inserts may be necessary, preferably two reinforcement layers.
  • Concrete is preferably used as the shaping material.
  • a particularly preferred material is fine-grained concrete. This is a concrete with a maximum grain diameter of 8 mm.
  • the concrete recipe is chosen in a vote on the reinforcement used
  • the concrete has self-compacting properties, so that the conversion elements can be produced with the use of little jarring energy.
  • the concrete used preferably has a centric tensile strength in the range of 5 to 10 N / mm 2 , particularly preferably 6 to 8 N / mm 2 .
  • various additives are added to the concrete, preferably pozzolanic aluminosilicates.
  • the concrete is produced in different colors, so that the composite elements can also assume architectural function.
  • the surface of the tensile elements can be made smooth or rough. This applies to both the formwork and the Eingußseite. If a bonding layer is provided on the inside or a plaster layer is provided on the outside, the respective side of the tensile elements is made rough in accordance with the product specification used in order to enable a better bond. In addition, it is not possible to refine the outside of the tensile elements by further measures (structures, photo concrete, etc.).
  • the mechanical connecting means used according to the invention must ensure the transverse force transmission between reinforcing element and wall, in particular masonry wall.
  • an adaptation to the special requirements of the composite arrangement is made.
  • an adhesive layer between tensile element and wall the to improve local load introduction.
  • connection between the tensile element and the wall can be ensured by mechanical connection means.
  • a good anchoring ground allows the local anchoring of the composite forces (for example in concrete or sand-lime brick).
  • the connection with mechanical connection means provides sufficient rigidity for the composite system according to the invention.
  • the mechanical connection means If the required power transmission is not possible by the mechanical connection means alone, local bonding can additionally be provided. Due to the additional material bond, the composite forces can be transmitted not only via the mechanical connection means but also via the bond. In addition, the bond strength increases the rigidity of the connection.
  • the mechanical connection means are further used according to the invention and ensure the permanent bond and prevent any detachment of the reinforcing elements from the wall.
  • Fixing holes are provided in the tensile elements. These are prefabricated from the factory during the manufacturing process. In the given grid, a through hole with a specific diameter is arranged in each case. The through hole receives an extended recess on the shell side (i.e., later outside). This recess provides during installation space for the anchor head, z. B. when screw connections are to be made.
  • the anchor head can according to the invention consist of steel or a comparable material. It preferably contains on the outside at least two recesses, which allow the approach of a suitable tool.
  • the anchor head preferably a device which makes a non-positive connection with the mechanical connection means (eg an internal thread, so that the anchor head can be screwed onto a corresponding threaded rod).
  • the anchor head can be closed with a special cover cap. This is anchored in the recesses that allow the tool to be set up. In the area of the anchor head, the thickness of the tensile element is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for special matching to the requirements.
  • the screw can also be made on the surface of the tensile element to secure the mechanical connection part.
  • the screw can also be made on the surface of the tensile element to secure the mechanical connection part.
  • this embodiment has aesthetic disadvantages.
  • the masonry is exposed to the raw masonry. Subsequently, an identification of stone geometry, material, integrity is made. If necessary. local repairs to the masonry are made. This may u.U. also the surface compensation with suitable mortar. Then the drill holes for attaching the tensile elements are created.
  • the respective tensile element can serve as a drilling template. Subsequently, the tensile elements are attached to the wall.
  • FIG. 1 shows in the front view of a schematic diagram of module-shaped arranged on a wall tensile elements 2. To recognize the mounting holes 3, through which the connecting means are introduced into the wall 1.
  • FIG. 2 the system according to the invention can be seen in the wall cross section.
  • the tensile elements 2 are arranged on the wall 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the elements according to Figures 1 and 2 in horizontal section.
  • FIG. 4 shows various possibilities of the arrangement of the invention according tensile elements 2.
  • a wall-sized tensile element is provided.
  • FIG. 4b the division into two tensile elements 2a and 2b is provided.
  • Several tensile elements are the Figure 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e are in the Figure 4c intended.
  • FIG. 5 is the modular system recognizable, which builds on the octametric measurement system.
  • square tensile elements 2 are shown in various formats, each representing rectangles.
  • the gradations of the individual tensile elements begin with a length of 100 cm according to section 9. With 8 is marked a length of 200 cm.
  • the height 10 of the elements is 50 cm in all variants.
  • the distance 6 of the holes is 25 cm, while the distance 11 of the holes to the edge of the element 12 is 12.5 cm in each case.
  • FIG. 6 the possibility of a staggered arrangement of the tensile elements of mutual assembly on a wall 1 is provided.
  • the tensile element 2f is one and a half times as high as the tensile element 2g. This creates a staggered arrangement.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 a mounting option is shown with a mechanical connection means.
  • FIG. 7 shows in the view an anchor head 13 in the surface of the tensile element 2.
  • FIG. 8 shows the attachment in section.
  • the anchor head 13 is recessed, that is, in the area 3, the thickness of the tensile element is lower than in the other areas.
  • the anchoring is then embedded in the hole 4 of the masonry 1.
  • FIG. 9 shows a supplementary variant too FIG. 8 , In contrast to this, however, an additional local bond 5 is provided in the region 3.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 a mounting option is shown, in which the anchor head designed as a hexagon gland and according to FIG. 11 not sunk. That is, there is no area of the tensile element 2 of reduced thickness.
  • FIG. 12 In addition, another possible embodiment with a continuous anchor is shown.
  • the injection anchor can be executed on one side or as a through anchor 4 b

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The system has tight-connection elements (2) fastened to the system in a force-fit manner and made of concrete i.e. fine grain concrete, textile-reinforced by carbon fibers, alkali-resistant glass fibers, plastic fibers or basalt fibers. The connection elements are arranged on sides of a masonry wall (1) such that the connection elements are vertically offset to each other. Fastening holes (3) are provided for retaining a connection unit e.g. spreading anchor or injection anchor, and for connecting the connection unit to the wall, where distance between the holes amounts to 25 cm.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verbundsystem zur Verstärkung von Wänden und Stützen, insbesondere von Mauerwerkswänden.The present invention relates to a composite system for reinforcing walls and columns, in particular masonry walls.

Aus den verschiedensten Gesichtspunkten heraus kann es sich in der Praxis ergeben, dass Wände z. B. aus Mauerwerk nachträglich verstärkt werden müssen. Dies kann insbesondere bei Umbau-/Erweiterungsmaßnahmen erforderlich sein, um höhere Horizontalkräfte aufzunehmen. Auch eine nachträgliche Sicherung von in Erdbebengebieten gebauten Gebäuden kann solche Verstärkungsmaßnahmen erforderlich machen.From various points of view, it may be found in practice that walls z. B. masonry must be subsequently reinforced. This may be necessary in particular for conversion / expansion measures to accommodate higher horizontal forces. Subsequent securing of buildings built in seismic areas may also require such reinforcement measures.

Nach dem Stand der Technik gibt es einige Verstärkungsmethoden für Mauerwerk. Hierzu zählen in erster Linie die Verstärkung mit aufgeklebten Lamellen bzw. vollflächig aufgetragenen Faserverbundstoffen. Diese Systeme weisen jedoch einige Nachteile auf. Zum einen werden hohe Anforderungen an die Klebefestigkeit des Verbundes gestellt. Für das Auftragen insbesondere im Fall von Ephoxidharzen ist darüber hinaus zum anderen ein besonderer Arbeitsschutz einzuhalten. Auch können in der Praxis in Rissbereichen und Endverankerungen Ablösungserscheinungen zu beobachten sein. Bisher ist außerdem das Langzeitverhalten solcher geklebter Konstruktionen unbekannt. Nachteile sind auch hinsichtlich des Brandverhaltens und der Diffusionsdichtigkeit zu verzeichnen.According to the state of the art, there are some reinforcement methods for masonry. These include primarily the reinforcement with glued-on lamellae or fiber composite materials applied over the entire surface. However, these systems have some disadvantages. On the one hand, high demands are placed on the adhesive strength of the composite. For application, in particular in the case of Ephoxidharzen on the other hand, a special occupational safety must be observed. Also, in practice in crack areas and end anchors separation phenomena can be observed. So far, the long-term behavior of such glued constructions is also unknown. Disadvantages are also noted with regard to the fire behavior and the diffusion-tightness.

Beim Aufbringen von Ortbeton ist der Gesamtaufwand erheblich. Abgesehen davon sind durch den Eingriff die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten während der Durchführung der Arbeiten deutlich eingeschränkt. Zudem weist das betreffende Mauerwerk einen deutlich verdickten Querschnitt auf.When applying in-situ concrete, the total cost is considerable. Apart from that, the intervention significantly limits the possibilities of use during the execution of the work. In addition, the masonry in question has a significantly thickened cross-section.

Eine Alternative zur Verstärkung stellen auch Stahlapplikationen dar. Auch hier sind hohe Anforderungen an die lokale Beanspruchung des Untergrundes gestellt. Zudem sind weitere Arbeiten, z.B. die Verkleidung mit Gipsbeton erforderlich, da die Oberflächen nicht voll verkleidet sind. Auch diese Maßnahmen führen zu einer Verdickung des Querschnitts der Wandkonstruktion.Steel applications are also an alternative to reinforcement. Here, too, high demands are placed on the local stress on the substrate. In addition, further work, such as the cladding with plaster concrete required because the surfaces are not are fully clad. These measures also lead to a thickening of the cross section of the wall construction.

Die DE 10 2011 118 854 A1 betrifft ein Verfahren zur nachträglichen Bewehrung eines Containments für Kernkraftwerke. Die in Stahlbetonbauweise erstellte Hülle soll hierzu mit innen- und aussenliegenden Stahlblechkonstrukten versehen werden. Bei der Maßnahme handelt es sich um die nachträgliche Erhöhung der Biegetragfähigkeit einer Betonwand gegen Flugzeugabsturz. Sie ist mit der Verstärkung einer Mauerwerkswand zur Erhöhung der Scheibentragfähigkeit in Wandebene nicht vergleichbar.The DE 10 2011 118 854 A1 relates to a method for retrofitting a containment for nuclear power plants. The shell constructed in reinforced concrete construction is to be provided for this purpose with internal and external steel sheet constructs. The measure is the subsequent increase in the bending capacity of a concrete wall against aircraft crash. It is not comparable with the reinforcement of a masonry wall to increase the disk carrying capacity in wall plane.

Zum Stand der Technik wird noch auf folgende Dokumente hingewiesen:

  • DE 201 05 761 U1 , DE 43 19 993 C2 , DE 270 00 22 A1 , AT 351 719 B
The prior art refers to the following documents:
  • DE 201 05 761 U1 . DE 43 19 993 C2 . DE 270 00 22 A1 . AT 351 719 B

Bei den aufgeführten Patenten handelt es sich um Konstruktionen für Abfangungen, Abdichtungen und der Herstellung von großflächigen Mauerwerkskörpern sowie deren Transport und nicht um Konstruktionen für die Verstärkung von Mauerwerkswänden.The patents cited are constructions for interceptions, seals and the production of large-scale masonry bodies and their transport, and not constructions for the reinforcement of masonry walls.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind im Weiteren zahlreiche Konstruktionen bekannt, bei denen fertige Fassadenelemente aufgesetzt werden. Hierbei handelt es sich vielfach um solche Elemente, welche durch Faserbewährung verstärkt sind. Beispiele hierfür sind:

  • DE 3926537 A1 DE 2713090 A1 , US 2001/0011443 A1 , DE 3442183 , DE 467099 A , DE 1916590 A , DE 29906465 U1 , US 5398473 A , DE 29916530 U1 , DE 40 35281 A1 , DE 19848154 A1 , DE 29619514 U1 , DE 2124227 A , DE 30044664 A1 und DE 10260684 A1 .
Numerous constructions are known from the prior art, in which finished facade elements are placed. These are often those elements that are reinforced by fiber-rich. Examples for this are:
  • DE 3926537 A1 DE 2713090 A1 . US 2001/0011443 A1 . DE 3442183 . DE 467099 A . DE 1916590 A . DE 29906465 U1 . US 5398473 A . DE 29916530 U1 . DE 40 35281 A1 . DE 19848154 A1 . DE 29619514 U1 . DE 2124227 A . DE 30044664 A1 and DE 10260684 A1 ,

Bei all diesen Konstruktionen handelt es sich jedoch nur um Verkleidungen, aber nicht zur Verstärkung des Mauerwerks geeignete Verbundsysteme.However, all these constructions are only panels but not composite systems suitable for reinforcing masonry.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es demgemäß ein System zur Verstärkung von Wänden zur Verfügung zu stellen, das die aufgezeigten Nachteile des Standes der Technik nicht aufweist. Das System soll eine schnelle und einfache Montage ermöglichen. Zudem soll ein Einbau am Trockenbauverfahren ermöglicht werden, so dass die Nachteile bei der Nutzung der behandelten Gebäude während der Baumaßnahmen an den Wänden möglichst gering ausfallen.The object of the present invention is accordingly to provide a system for reinforcing walls, which has the disadvantages of the prior art Technology does not have. The system is designed to allow quick and easy installation. In addition, an installation in the dry construction method should be made possible, so that the disadvantages of using the treated buildings during the construction work on the walls are as small as possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verbundsystem zur Verstärkung von Wänden mit an diesen kraftschlüssig befestigten zugfesten Elementen gelöst, die eine Textilbewehrung aufweisenThis object is achieved by a composite system for reinforcing walls with non-positively attached thereto tensile elements having a textile reinforcement

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen zugfesten Fertigelementen und ihrer kraftschlüssigen Verankerung an der Wand, insbesondere an Mauerwerkswänden, mittels mechanischer Verbindungsmittel wird ein Verbundsystem gebildet, die aus der druckfesten Wand und den externen zugfesten Elementen besteht. Neben den mechanischen punktuellen Verbindungsmitteln besteht auch die Möglichkeit, einen flächendeckenden Verbund zwischen der Wand und den Fertigelementen herzustellen.With the tension-resistant prefabricated elements according to the invention and their non-positive anchoring to the wall, in particular masonry walls, by means of mechanical connection means a composite system is formed, which consists of the pressure-resistant wall and the external tensile elements. In addition to the mechanical selective connection means, it is also possible to produce a comprehensive bond between the wall and the finished elements.

Für Wände, insbesondere Mauerwerkswände, die aufgrund des spröden Materialverhaltens ihre Tragfähigkeit verlieren, führt die erfindungsgemäße Erweiterung in ein Verbundsystem mit verstärkenden Elementen zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Trageigenschaften. Das Verbundsystem verfügt mit dem erweiterten Querschnitt über eine höhere Tragkapazität und bietet mit den zugfesten Elementen - eine Steigerung der Systemintegrität- und Duktilität. Mit diesen Eigenschaften eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verbundsystem in besonderem Maße für die nachträgliche Verstärkung von Wänden, z.B. von Mauerwerksgebäuden in Erdbebengebieten.For walls, especially masonry walls, which lose their load capacity due to the brittle material behavior, the expansion of the invention leads in a composite system with reinforcing elements to a significant improvement in the support properties. The composite system has a higher carrying capacity with the extended cross-section and provides with the tensile elements - an increase in system integrity and ductility. With these properties, the composite system according to the invention is particularly suitable for the subsequent reinforcement of walls, e.g. of masonry buildings in seismic areas.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundsystem wird vor allem angewandt zur Verstärkung von tragenden und aussteifenden Mauerwerkswänden, die in der Wandebene durch Vertikal- und Horizontalkräfte beansprucht werden. Das typische Grenztragverhalten von aussteifenden Mauerwerkswänden ist durch Diagonalrisse gekennzeichnet, die mit der Spaltung in der Wand in einzelne Abschnitte zum Verlust der Tragfähigkeit führen können. Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundsystem hält dagegen mit den zugfesten Elementen die Mauerwerkswand zusammen und ermöglicht die Aufnahme und Übertragung der Horizontalkräfte in der Wand bei gleichzeitiger Begrenzung der Verformungen.The composite system according to the invention is used in particular for the reinforcement of load-bearing and stiffening masonry walls, which are claimed in the wall plane by vertical and horizontal forces. The typical boundary bearing behavior of stiffening masonry walls is characterized by diagonal cracks, which can lead to the loss of carrying capacity with the splitting in the wall into individual sections. In contrast, the composite system according to the invention holds together with the tensile elements the masonry wall together and allows the recording and transmission of Horizontal forces in the wall while limiting deformation.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundsystem kann grundsätzlich auch auf ausfachende Mauerwerkswände in Skelettkonstruktionen angewandt werden. Das Ziel der Verstärkung ist in diesem Fall die Verbesserung der Mitwirkung des Mauerwerks bei der Aufnahme der Horizontalkräfte im Bauwerk bei gleichzeitiger Erhöhung der Sicherheit gegen Herausfallen.The composite system according to the invention can in principle also be applied to infilling masonry walls in skeletal constructions. The aim of the reinforcement in this case is to improve the involvement of the masonry in absorbing the horizontal forces in the building while increasing safety against falling out.

Im Ergebnis erlaubt das erfindungsgemäße System mit einer einfachen und schnellen Montage die Realisierung der Verstärkung in kurzer Zeit. So ist das System auch für Sofortmaßnahmen nach einem Erdbeben geeignet. Die Anbringung kann im Trockenbauverfahren erfolgen, so dass die Beeinträchtigung der Nutzung der Bauwerke gering ist. Durch die Vorfertigung der Elemente ab Werk wird außerdem eine hohe Produktqualität sichergestellt. Mit den auf Mauerwerk und Fertigelement abgestimmten Befestigungselementen, z. B. Dübeln, wird eine sichere und dauerhafte Verbindungstechnik realisiert. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit an örtliche Verhältnisse kann ebenfalls gewährleistet werden. Darüber hinaus sind die zugfesten Elemente im Einzelfall auch ausbauend austauschbar. Ebenso lassen sich die zugfesten Elemente verkleiden, z.B. durch Putz.As a result, the system according to the invention with a simple and quick installation allows the realization of the gain in a short time. So the system is also suitable for emergency measures after an earthquake. The attachment can be done in dry construction, so that the impairment of the use of the structures is low. Prefabrication of the elements ex works also ensures high product quality. With the matching masonry and prefabricated fasteners, z. As dowels, a secure and durable connection technology is realized. The adaptability to local conditions can also be guaranteed. In addition, the tensile elements in a particular case are also exchangeable interchangeable. Likewise, the tensile elements can be clad, e.g. through plaster.

Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten zugfesten Elemente erlauben einen modularen Aufbau und eine modulare Anordnung. D.h., die zugfesten Elemente können die Größe der Wand aufweisen oder in mehrere Einzelelemente unterteilt sein. Durch den modularen Aufbau ist eine schnelle Montage an Gebäuden ohne den Einsatz von schweren Geräten möglich. Grundsätzlich sind die zugfesten Elemente so konzipiert, dass sie von zwei Personen getragen werden können und auch handhabbare Abmessungen aufweisen.The tension-resistant elements used according to the invention allow a modular construction and a modular arrangement. That is, the tensile elements may have the size of the wall or be divided into a plurality of individual elements. Due to the modular design, a quick installation on buildings without the use of heavy equipment is possible. Basically, the tensile elements are designed so that they can be carried by two people and also have manageable dimensions.

Die Zugfestigkeit der Elemente wird durch die eingelegte Bewehrung bestimmt. Die Zugfestigkeit liegt in einem Bereich von 0,6 bis 1,2 kN/cm2 Querschnittsfläche des Verstärkungselements.The tensile strength of the elements is determined by the inserted reinforcement. The tensile strength is in a range of 0.6 to 1.2 kN / cm 2 cross-sectional area of the reinforcing member.

In einer erfindungsgemäß bevorzugten Form weisen die zugfesten Elemente eine Dicke von 10 mm bis 40 mm, vorzugsweise 15 mm bis 25 mm auf. Grundsätzlich soll die Dicke bei ca. 20 mm liegen.In a preferred form according to the invention, the tensile elements have a thickness from 10 mm to 40 mm, preferably 15 mm to 25 mm. Basically, the thickness should be about 20 mm.

Das Gewicht des zugfesten Elementes ergibt sich aus der Dichte des verwendeten Materials. Für Beton liegt sie in einem Bereich von 2,0 - 2,5 kg/dm3. In einer besonders bevorzugten eingesetzten Ausführungsform liegt das Gewicht je Element bei ca. 50 kg. Das Gewicht der Verstärkungselemente liegt vorzugsweise bei 20 - 100 kg/m2.The weight of the tensile element results from the density of the material used. For concrete, it is in a range of 2.0 - 2.5 kg / dm 3 . In a particularly preferred embodiment, the weight per element is about 50 kg. The weight of the reinforcing elements is preferably 20-100 kg / m 2 .

Die zugfesten Elemente können einseitig oder auch beidseitig auf Wände aufgebracht werden. Dies kann je nach örtlichen Gegebenheiten verschieden sein.The tensile elements can be applied on one side or on both sides of walls. This may vary depending on local conditions.

Die einzelnen zugfesten Elemente bauen in ihren Abmessungen auf den oktametrischen Maß von Mauerwerken auf. Somit ergeben sich Größen für die zugfesten Elemente, welche ein Vielfaches von 12,5 cm betragen. Bevorzugt ergeben sich rechteckige Elemente mit Höhen von 12, 5 cm bis 250 cm, vorzugsweise von 25 cm bis 75 cm. Die Längen der rechteckigen Elemente betragen vorzugsweise 75 cm bis 250 cm, besonders bevorzugt 100 cm bis 200 cm.The individual tensile elements are based on the octametric measure of masonry in their dimensions. This results in sizes for the tensile elements, which are a multiple of 12.5 cm. Preference is given to rectangular elements with heights of 12, 5 cm to 250 cm, preferably from 25 cm to 75 cm. The lengths of the rectangular elements are preferably 75 cm to 250 cm, more preferably 100 cm to 200 cm.

Darüber hinaus sind auch individuelle, abweichende Größen der Elemente und Lochanordnungen, zur Anpassung an die örtlichen Gegebenheiten möglich.In addition, individual, different sizes of the elements and hole arrangements, to adapt to local conditions are possible.

Die zugfesten Elemente sind mit Durchgangslöchern versehen. Diese ermöglichen das Anbringen mit Hilfe von mechanischen Verbindungsmitteln. Die Anordnung der Löcher baut ebenfalls auf dem oktametrischen Maßsystem auf. So sind beispielsweise bei einer Höhe des zugfesten Elementes von 50 cm Durchgangslöcher in einem Raster von 25 cm vorgesehen. D.h., der Randabstand der Löcher beträgt 12,5 cm während zwischen den Löchern ein Abstand von 25 cm vorgesehen ist. Die zugfesten Elemente können im Bereich der Löcher eine Verstärkung aufweisen. Das kann mit einer oder mehreren zusätzlich eingebauten Platte(n) erreicht werden.The tensile elements are provided with through holes. These allow attachment by means of mechanical fasteners. The arrangement of the holes is also based on the octametric measurement system. Thus, for example, at a height of the tensile element of 50 cm, through holes are provided in a grid of 25 cm. That is, the edge distance of the holes is 12.5 cm while a distance of 25 cm is provided between the holes. The tensile elements may have a reinforcement in the area of the holes. This can be achieved with one or more additional built-in plate (s).

Vorteilhaft ist es erfindungsgemäß, dass die Verstärkungselemente bei Mauerwerk mehrere Steinreihen zusammenfassen. Bei beidseitiger Montage wird beispielsweise auch eine versetzte Anordnung bevorzugt. D.h., die zugfesten Elemente auf jeder Seite der Wand sind entgegen einander versetzten Höhen angeordnet. Damit wird erreicht, dass die Stoßkanten der zugfesten Elemente sich in verschiedenen Höhen befinden.It is advantageous according to the invention that the reinforcing elements in masonry summarize several rows of stones. For two-sided mounting, for example, too an offset arrangement is preferred. That is, the tensile elements on each side of the wall are arranged opposite heights. This ensures that the abutting edges of the tensile elements are at different heights.

Die Wirksamkeit der Maßnahme lässt sich dadurch steigern, dass die Ränder der zugfesten Elemente formflüssig verzahnt werden. Damit wird eine Übertragung der Schubkräfte zwischen den einzelnen zugfesten Elementen ermöglicht. Die Verzahnung am Rand des zugfesten Elements kann einerseits durch entsprechende Profilierung des Randes und andererseits durch Verwendung von lokalen oder umlaufenden Elementen erfolgen, z.B. durch ein vorgefertigtes Randelement aus Stahl, das darüber hinaus in der Herstellung des Fertigteils die Randschalung und die Haltung der Bewährung ermöglicht. Die Verzahnung kann durch Einbringen eines Vergussmörtelss verbessert werden.The effectiveness of the measure can be increased by the fact that the edges of the tensile elements are intermeshed liquid form. This enables transmission of the thrust forces between the individual tensile elements. The toothing on the edge of the tensile element can be done on the one hand by appropriate profiling of the edge and on the other hand by using local or peripheral elements, e.g. by a prefabricated edge element made of steel, which also allows in the production of the finished part, the edge formwork and the attitude of the probation. The toothing can be improved by introducing a grout.

Je nach Untergrund des Mauerwerks und notwendigen Verstärkungsgrad kann es notwendig sein, spezielle Maßnahmen in den Eckbereichen der Wand vorzunehmen. Diese reichen von einer Flächenverklebung bis zur speziellen Formelementen, die die Ecken einfassen. Bei langen Wänden können die zugfesten Elemente durch Verzahnung der horizontalen Fugen zu einer Verbandstruktur ergänzt werden.Depending on the subsurface of the masonry and the necessary degree of reinforcement, it may be necessary to take special measures in the corners of the wall. These range from a surface bonding to the special form elements that surround the corners. For long walls, the tensile elements can be supplemented by interlocking the horizontal joints to form a bandage structure.

Die zugfesten Elemente weisen erfindungsgemäß Textilbewehrungen auf. Die Elemente können grundsätzlich jeweils aus beliebig geeigneten Materialien hergestellt werden. Besonders geeignet ist jedoch Beton, d.h. die Elemente werden ein diesem Fall aus textilbewehrtem Beton hergestellt. Solche Elemente ermöglichen gute Trageigenschaften bei geringer Bauteildicke und somit ein geringes Eigengewicht der zugfesten Elemente. Die Dicken der zugfesten Elemente liegen je nach Beanspruchung zwischen 10 mm bis 40 mm, vorzugsweise 15 mm bis 25 mm.The tensile elements according to the invention have textile reinforcements. The elements can in principle be made of any suitable materials. However, concrete is particularly suitable, i. the elements are made in this case of textile-reinforced concrete. Such elements allow good carrying properties with low component thickness and thus a low weight of the tensile elements. The thicknesses of the tensile elements are depending on the stress between 10 mm to 40 mm, preferably 15 mm to 25 mm.

Erfindungsgemäß sind als Bewehrungseinlagen technische Textile geeignet. Als Bewehrung besonders geeignet sind Karbonfasern. Alternativ können auch andere Materialien zum Einsatz kommen, z. B. technische Textile aus alkaliresistenten Glasfasern, Kunststofffasern oder Basaltfasern. Die Karbonfasern werden vorzugsweise in Form von Matten (Gewebe, Gelege) eingebaut. Die Bewehrungslage wird bezogen auf den Querschnitt in der Mitte des Bauteils eingebaut, so dass beidseitig eine gleichgroße Betonüberdeckungbesteht. Die Bewehrungseinlage wird in Abhängigkeit von der zu erwartenden Beanspruchung festgelegt. In Abhängigkeit von der Beanspruchung können auch mehrere Bewehrungseinlagen notwendig werden, bevorzugt 2 Bewehrungslagen.According to the invention, technical textiles are suitable as reinforcement inserts. Particularly suitable as reinforcement are carbon fibers. Alternatively, other materials may be used, for. As technical textiles of alkali-resistant glass fibers, plastic fibers or basalt fibers. The carbon fibers are preferably incorporated in the form of mats (fabric, scrim). The reinforcement situation is related to built the cross section in the middle of the component so that there is an equal concrete cover on both sides. The reinforcement insert is determined depending on the expected load. Depending on the load, several reinforcement inserts may be necessary, preferably two reinforcement layers.

Als formgebendes Material wird vorzugsweise Beton eingesetzt. Ein besonders bevorzugtes Material ist Feinkornbeton. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen Beton mit einem Größkorndurchmesser von maximal 8 mm. Die Betonrezeptur wird in einer Abstimmung auf die verwendete Bewehrung gewählt Der Beton weist selbstverdichtende Eigenschaften auf, so dass die Wandelelemente mit Einsatz von wenig Rüttelenergie hergestellt werden können. Der verwendete Beton weist vorzugsweise eine zentrische Zugfestigkeit im Bereich von 5 bis 10 N/mm2 auf, besonders bevorzugt 6 bis 8 N/mm2. Zum Erreichen dieser hohen Zugfestigkeit werden dem Beton verschiedene Zusatzstoffe beigesetzt, vorzugsweise puzzolanische Alumosilikate. Weiterhin wird der Beton in unterschiedlichen Farben hergestellt, so dass die Verbundelemente auch architektonische Funktion übernehmen können.Concrete is preferably used as the shaping material. A particularly preferred material is fine-grained concrete. This is a concrete with a maximum grain diameter of 8 mm. The concrete recipe is chosen in a vote on the reinforcement used The concrete has self-compacting properties, so that the conversion elements can be produced with the use of little jarring energy. The concrete used preferably has a centric tensile strength in the range of 5 to 10 N / mm 2 , particularly preferably 6 to 8 N / mm 2 . To achieve this high tensile strength, various additives are added to the concrete, preferably pozzolanic aluminosilicates. Furthermore, the concrete is produced in different colors, so that the composite elements can also assume architectural function.

In Abhängigkeit von den gewünschten Ausführungsvarianten kann die Oberfläche der zugfesten Elemente glatt oder rau ausgeführt werden. Dies gilt sowohl für die Schalungsals auch für die Eingußseite. Ist auf der Innenseite eine Verklebung oder auf der Außenseite eine Putzschicht vorgesehen, wird die jeweilige Seite der zugfesten Elemente entsprechend der verwendeten Produktspezifikation rau ausgeführt, um einen besseren Verbund zu ermöglichen. Unbenommen ist darüber hinaus die Möglichkeit, die Außenseite der zugfesten Elemente durch weitere Maßnahmen (Strukturen, Fotobeton u.s.w.) zu veredeln.Depending on the desired embodiments, the surface of the tensile elements can be made smooth or rough. This applies to both the formwork and the Eingußseite. If a bonding layer is provided on the inside or a plaster layer is provided on the outside, the respective side of the tensile elements is made rough in accordance with the product specification used in order to enable a better bond. In addition, it is not possible to refine the outside of the tensile elements by further measures (structures, photo concrete, etc.).

Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten mechanischen Verbindungsmittel müssen die Querkraftübertragung zwischen Verstärkungselement und Wand, insbesondere Mauerwerkswand, sicherstellen. Hier wird aufbauend auf den bestehenden Verankerungselementen eine Anpassung an die besonderen Anforderungen der Verbundanordnung vorgenommen. In diesem Zusammenhang besteht auch die Möglichkeit, mit einer adhäsiven Schicht zwischen zugfestem Element und Wand die lokale Lasteinleitung zu verbessern. Als Verbundmittel können vorzugsweise Spreiz-, Hinterschnitt- oder Injektionsanker aus Metall verwendet werden.The mechanical connecting means used according to the invention must ensure the transverse force transmission between reinforcing element and wall, in particular masonry wall. Here, based on the existing anchoring elements, an adaptation to the special requirements of the composite arrangement is made. In this context, it is also possible, with an adhesive layer between tensile element and wall the to improve local load introduction. As a composite means, it is preferable to use metal spreading, undercut or injection anchors.

In einer Variante der Erfindung kann die Verbindung zwischen dem zugfesten Element und der Wand durch mechanische Verbindungsmittel sichergestellt werden. Ein guter Verankerungsgrund ermöglicht die lokale Verankerung der Verbundkräfte (z.B. in Beton oder Kalksandstein). Die Verbindung mit mechanischen Verbindungsmitteln stellt für das erfindungsgemäße Verbundsystem eine ausreichende Steifigkeit zur Verfügung.In a variant of the invention, the connection between the tensile element and the wall can be ensured by mechanical connection means. A good anchoring ground allows the local anchoring of the composite forces (for example in concrete or sand-lime brick). The connection with mechanical connection means provides sufficient rigidity for the composite system according to the invention.

Ist die benötigte Kraftübertragung nicht allein durch das mechanische Verbindungsmittel möglich, kann lokal zusätzlich eine Verklebung vorgesehen werden. Durch den zusätzlichen Stoffschluss können die Verbundkräfte nicht nur über das mechanische Verbindungsmittel sondern auch über die Verklebung übertragen werden. Darüber hinaus kann durch die Verklebung die Steifigkeit der Verbindung erhöht werden.If the required power transmission is not possible by the mechanical connection means alone, local bonding can additionally be provided. Due to the additional material bond, the composite forces can be transmitted not only via the mechanical connection means but also via the bond. In addition, the bond strength increases the rigidity of the connection.

Stellt der Untergrund keine Kapazitäten für eine gezielte lokale Lasteinleitung zur Verfügung, ist flächig eine Verklebung vorgesehen. Der erreichte flächige Stoffschluss ermöglicht somit an jeder Stelle die Übertragung der Verbundkräfte und eine lokale konzentrierte Einleitung wird vermieden. Die mechanischen Verbindungsmittel werden erfindungsgemäß weiter eingesetzt und stellen den dauerhaften Verbund sicher und unterbinden ein etwaiges Ablösen der Verstärkungselemente von der Wand.If the subsoil does not provide any capacities for a targeted local load transfer, gluing is planned on a surface. The achieved surface material connection thus makes it possible at any point to transfer the composite forces and a local concentrated introduction is avoided. The mechanical connection means are further used according to the invention and ensure the permanent bond and prevent any detachment of the reinforcing elements from the wall.

In den zugfesten Elementen sind Befestigungslöcher vorgesehen. Diese werden bereits im Herstellungsprozess ab Fabrik vorgefertigt. Im vorgegebenen Raster wird jeweils ein Durchgangsloch mit einem speziellen Durchmesser angeordnet. Das Durchgangsloch erhält auf der Schalseite (d.h. spätere Außenseite) eine erweiterte Vertiefung. Diese Vertiefung bietet bei der Montage Raum für den Ankerkopf, z. B. wenn Schraubverbindungen hergestellt werden sollen.Fixing holes are provided in the tensile elements. These are prefabricated from the factory during the manufacturing process. In the given grid, a through hole with a specific diameter is arranged in each case. The through hole receives an extended recess on the shell side (i.e., later outside). This recess provides during installation space for the anchor head, z. B. when screw connections are to be made.

Der Ankerkopf kann erfindungsgemäß aus Stahl oder einem vergleichbaren Material bestehen. Er enthält auf der Außenseite vorzugsweise wenigstens zwei Vertiefungen, die den Ansatz eines geeigneten Werkzeugs ermöglichen. Im Zentrum enthält der Ankerkopf vorzugsweise eine Vorrichtung, die eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung mit dem mechanischen Verbindungsmittel (z. B. ein Innengewinde, so dass der Ankerkopf auf eine entsprechende Gewindestange geschraubt werden kann). Anschließend kann der Ankerkopf mit einer speziellen Deckkappe geschlossen werden. Diese wird in den Vertiefungen, die das Ansetzen des Werkszeugs ermöglichen verankert. In dem Bereich des Ankerkopfes ist die Dicke des zugfesten Elementes reduziert. Daher bedarf es dort einer besonderen Abstimmung auf die Erfordernisse. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine entsprechende Verstärkung der Bewehrungseinlage im Bereich des Ankerkopfes bzw. des Loches in der zugfesten Einrichtung erfolgen. Je nach Beanspruchungsgrad kann jedoch auch eine lokale Verdickung (zusätzliche 5 mm bis 10 mm) des Querschnitts vorgenommen werden. Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist der Einbau eines speziellen Verstärkungsmittels z. B. einer Einlage aus Stahl oder einem vergleichbaren Material, das in der Lage ist die Beanspruchungen aufzunehmen.The anchor head can according to the invention consist of steel or a comparable material. It preferably contains on the outside at least two recesses, which allow the approach of a suitable tool. In the center contains the anchor head preferably a device which makes a non-positive connection with the mechanical connection means (eg an internal thread, so that the anchor head can be screwed onto a corresponding threaded rod). Then the anchor head can be closed with a special cover cap. This is anchored in the recesses that allow the tool to be set up. In the area of the anchor head, the thickness of the tensile element is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for special matching to the requirements. This can be done for example by a corresponding reinforcement of the reinforcement insert in the region of the anchor head or the hole in the tension-resistant device. Depending on the degree of stress, however, a local thickening (additional 5 mm to 10 mm) of the cross section can also be undertaken. Another possibility is the installation of a special reinforcing agent z. As an insert made of steel or a similar material that is able to absorb the stresses.

Prinzipiell kann die Verschraubung zur Sicherung des mechanischen Verbindungsteils auch an der Oberfläche des zugfesten Elementes erfolgen. In diesem Falle ist im Bereich des Loches keine Verringerung der Dicke zu verzeichnen, so dass zusätzliche Verstärkungsmaßnahmen unterbleiben können. Jedoch hat diese Ausführungsform ästhetische Nachteile.In principle, the screw can also be made on the surface of the tensile element to secure the mechanical connection part. In this case, there is no reduction in the thickness in the region of the hole, so that additional reinforcing measures can be omitted. However, this embodiment has aesthetic disadvantages.

Im Grundsatz wird die Befestigung der Elemente wie folgt durchgeführt:In principle, the attachment of the elements is carried out as follows:

Das Mauerwerk wird bis auf das Rohmauerwerk freigelegt. Es wird anschließend eine Identifizierung von Steingeometrie, Material, Integrität vorgenommen. Ggfs. erfolgen örtliche Ausbesserungen des Mauerwerks. Hierzu gehört u.U. auch der Oberflächenausgleich mit geeignetem Mörtel. Sodann werden die Bohrlöcher für das Anbringen der zugfesten Elemente erstellt. Hierbei kann das jeweilige zugfeste Element als Bohrschablone dienen. Anschließend werden die zugfesten Elemente an der Wand befestigt.The masonry is exposed to the raw masonry. Subsequently, an identification of stone geometry, material, integrity is made. If necessary. local repairs to the masonry are made. This may u.U. also the surface compensation with suitable mortar. Then the drill holes for attaching the tensile elements are created. Here, the respective tensile element can serve as a drilling template. Subsequently, the tensile elements are attached to the wall.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert:The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings:

Figur 1 zeigt in der Vorderansicht eine Prinzipskizze von modulförmig auf einer Wand angeordneten zugfesten Elementen 2. Zu erkennen sind die Befestigungslöcher 3, durch welche die Verbindungsmittel in die Wand 1 eingebracht werden. FIG. 1 shows in the front view of a schematic diagram of module-shaped arranged on a wall tensile elements 2. To recognize the mounting holes 3, through which the connecting means are introduced into the wall 1.

In Figur 2 ist das erfindungsgemäße System im Wandquerschnitt zu erkennen. Auf der Wand 1 sind die zugfesten Elemente 2 angeordnet.In FIG. 2 the system according to the invention can be seen in the wall cross section. On the wall 1, the tensile elements 2 are arranged.

Figur 3 zeigt die Elemente gemäß Figuren 1 und 2 im Horizontalschnitt. FIG. 3 shows the elements according to Figures 1 and 2 in horizontal section.

Figur 4 zeigt verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Anordnung von den erfindungsgemäß zugfesten Elementen 2. Gemäß Figur 4a ist ein wandgroßes zugfestes Element vorgesehen. In Figur 4b ist die Unterteilung in zwei zugfeste Elemente 2a und 2b vorgesehen. Mehrere zugfeste Elemente sind der Figur 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e sind in der Figur 4c vorgesehen. FIG. 4 shows various possibilities of the arrangement of the invention according tensile elements 2. According to FIG. 4a a wall-sized tensile element is provided. In FIG. 4b the division into two tensile elements 2a and 2b is provided. Several tensile elements are the Figure 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e are in the Figure 4c intended.

Aus Figur 5 ist das modulare System erkennbar, das auf dem oktametrischen Maßsystem aufbaut. So sind viereckige zugfeste Elemente 2 in verschiedenen Formaten dargestellt, welche jeweils Rechtecke darstellen. Die Abstufungen der einzelnen zugfesten Elemente beginnen mit einer Länge von 100 cm entsprechend Ziffer 9. Mit 8 ist eine Länge von 200 cm gekennzeichnet. Die Höhe 10 der Elemente beträgt in allen Varianten 50 cm. Der Abstand 6 der Löcher beträgt 25 cm, während der Abstand 11 der Löcher zum Rand des Elementes 12 jeweils 12,5 cm beträgt.Out FIG. 5 is the modular system recognizable, which builds on the octametric measurement system. Thus, square tensile elements 2 are shown in various formats, each representing rectangles. The gradations of the individual tensile elements begin with a length of 100 cm according to section 9. With 8 is marked a length of 200 cm. The height 10 of the elements is 50 cm in all variants. The distance 6 of the holes is 25 cm, while the distance 11 of the holes to the edge of the element 12 is 12.5 cm in each case.

In Figur 6 ist die Möglichkeit einer versetzten Anordnung der zugfesten Elemente beiderseitiger Montage an einer Wand 1 vorgesehen. Das zugfeste Element 2f ist halb bzw. anderthalb mal so hoch wie das zugfeste Element 2g. Dadurch entsteht eine versetzte Anordnung.In FIG. 6 the possibility of a staggered arrangement of the tensile elements of mutual assembly on a wall 1 is provided. The tensile element 2f is one and a half times as high as the tensile element 2g. This creates a staggered arrangement.

In Figur 7 und 8 ist eine Befestigungsmöglichkeit mit einem mechanischen Verbindungsmittel dargestellt. Figur 7 zeigt hierbei in der Ansicht einen Ankerkopf 13 in der Fläche des zugfesten Elementes 2.In FIGS. 7 and 8 a mounting option is shown with a mechanical connection means. FIG. 7 shows in the view an anchor head 13 in the surface of the tensile element 2.

Figur 8 zeigt die Befestigung im Schnitt. Zu erkennen ist das zugfeste Element 2. In dem Bereich 3 ist der Ankerkopf 13 versenkt, d.h., in dem Bereich 3 ist die Dicke des zugfesten Elementes geringer als in den übrigen Bereichen. Die Verankerung ist sodann in dem Loch 4 des Mauerwerkes 1 eingelassen. FIG. 8 shows the attachment in section. In the area 3, the anchor head 13 is recessed, that is, in the area 3, the thickness of the tensile element is lower than in the other areas. The anchoring is then embedded in the hole 4 of the masonry 1.

Figur 9 zeigt eine ergänzende Variante zu Figur 8. Im Unterschied zu dieser ist aber noch eine zusätzliche lokale Verklebung 5 in dem Bereich 3 vorgesehen. FIG. 9 shows a supplementary variant too FIG. 8 , In contrast to this, however, an additional local bond 5 is provided in the region 3.

In Figur 10 und 11 ist eine Befestigungsmöglichkeit dargestellt, bei der der Ankerkopf als Sechskantschraubung ausgelegt und gemäß Figur 11 nicht versenkt ist. D.h. es gibt keinen Bereich des zugfesten Elementes 2 mit verminderter Dicke.In FIGS. 10 and 11 a mounting option is shown, in which the anchor head designed as a hexagon gland and according to FIG. 11 not sunk. That is, there is no area of the tensile element 2 of reduced thickness.

In Figur 12 ist ergänzend eine weitere mögliche Ausführungsvariante mit einem durchgehenden Anker dargestellt. Der Injektionsanker kann einseitig oder als Durchgangsanker 4 b ausgeführt werdenIn FIG. 12 In addition, another possible embodiment with a continuous anchor is shown. The injection anchor can be executed on one side or as a through anchor 4 b

Claims (12)

Verbundsystem zur Verstärkung von Wänden und Stützen mit an diesen kraftschlüssig befestigten zugfesten Elementen (2), die einen textilbewehrten Beton aufweisenComposite system for reinforcing walls and columns with non-positively fastened tensile elements (2), which have a textile-reinforced concrete Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zugfeste Element (2) an einer oder beiden Seiten der Mauer (1) befestigt ist.Composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile element (2) is fixed to one or both sides of the wall (1). Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zugfesten Elemente (2) auf beiden Seiten des Mauerwerks (1) derart angeordnet sind, dass sie gegeneinander höhenversetzt sind.Composite system according to claim 2, characterized in that the tensile elements (2) on both sides of the masonry (1) are arranged such that they are offset in height from each other. Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Textilbewehrung Karbonfasern, alkaliresistente Glasfasern, Kunststofffasern und/oder Basaltfasern eingesetzt werden.Composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that the textile reinforcement used are carbon fibers, alkali-resistant glass fibers, synthetic fibers and / or basalt fibers. Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewehrung mittig oder mehrlagig angeordnet ist.Composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement is arranged centrally or in several layers. Verbundsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Abmessungen entsprechend dem oktametrischen Maßsystem aufweist.Composite system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has dimensions corresponding to the octa-metric measuring system. Verbundsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichte der zugfesten Elemente zwischen 2,0 und 2,5 kg/dm3 liegt.Composite system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the density of the tensile elements is between 2.0 and 2.5 kg / dm 3 . Verbundsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Verbindungsmittel Spreiz-, Hinterschnitt- oder Injektionsanker aufweist.Composite system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a connecting means spreading, undercut or injection anchor has. Verbundsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Löcher für die Aufnahme der Verbindungsmittel aufweist.Composite system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has holes for receiving the connecting means. Verbundsystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die einzelnen zugfesten Elemente Abmessungen aufweisen, die ein Vielfaches von 12,5 cm sind.Composite system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual tensile elements have dimensions which are a multiple of 12.5 cm. Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zugfesten Elemente im Bereich der Löcher (3) eine Verstärkung aufweisen.Composite system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tensile elements in the region of the holes (3) have a reinforcement. Verbundsystem nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstärkung im Lochbereich bzw. den Lochbereichen eine oder mehrere zusätzlich eingebaute Platte(n) aufweist.Composite system according to claim 11, characterized in that the reinforcement in the hole region or the hole regions has one or more additionally installed plate (s).
EP13189403.2A 2012-10-18 2013-10-18 Composite system for reinforcing building elements Not-in-force EP2722466B1 (en)

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CN108532981A (en) * 2018-05-07 2018-09-14 中国矿业大学 A kind of reinforcement means for the TRC improving leafy brick masonry wall anti-seismic performance
CN108979192A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-11 广东省建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司 A kind of ruggedized construction and its construction method of masonry structure load bearing wall

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CN107227860B (en) * 2016-02-17 2019-06-11 朱奎 Brick wall prestressed reinforcement structure
NL2028247B1 (en) * 2021-05-19 2022-12-06 J Van Klinken Holding B V Interlockable wall reinforcement panel, wall reinforcement assembly and method for wall reinforcement
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CN108532981A (en) * 2018-05-07 2018-09-14 中国矿业大学 A kind of reinforcement means for the TRC improving leafy brick masonry wall anti-seismic performance
CN108979192A (en) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-11 广东省建筑科学研究院集团股份有限公司 A kind of ruggedized construction and its construction method of masonry structure load bearing wall

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TR201802538T4 (en) 2018-03-21
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