EP2721231B1 - Article du type tente ou abri - Google Patents

Article du type tente ou abri Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2721231B1
EP2721231B1 EP12731571.1A EP12731571A EP2721231B1 EP 2721231 B1 EP2721231 B1 EP 2721231B1 EP 12731571 A EP12731571 A EP 12731571A EP 2721231 B1 EP2721231 B1 EP 2721231B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
component
film
emissivity
outer face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12731571.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2721231A2 (fr
Inventor
Sophie HERPIN
Bruno MICHALAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Decathlon SE
Original Assignee
Decathlon SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Decathlon SE filed Critical Decathlon SE
Priority to SI201230185T priority Critical patent/SI2721231T1/sl
Priority to PL12731571T priority patent/PL2721231T3/pl
Publication of EP2721231A2 publication Critical patent/EP2721231A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2721231B1 publication Critical patent/EP2721231B1/fr
Priority to HRP20150397TT priority patent/HRP20150397T1/hr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/54—Covers of tents or canopies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
    • E04H15/36—Supporting means, e.g. frames arch-shaped type
    • E04H15/40—Supporting means, e.g. frames arch-shaped type flexible
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/207—Tents specially designed for insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of the tent or shelter type articles comprising a roof element at least partially covering a shelter zone, more particularly those adapted to thermally isolate the user (s) arranged in the shelter zone in order to improve their comfort, especially in summer under hot weather.
  • the tents also include an interior chamber covered by said roof element and acting as a shelter area.
  • This difference in temperature between the shelter zone, especially the inner chamber, and the atmosphere is due, on the one hand, to a heat input by solar radiation and, on the other hand, to an insufficient ventilation of the zone shelter, especially the inner chamber.
  • roof elements pass part of the incident solar radiation, which is composed of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible, and infra-red near the range of short wavelengths (ranging from 0.2 microns to 2 microns ).
  • UV ultraviolet
  • said roof elements do not allow far infrared radiation with long wavelengths (greater than 5 ⁇ m) emitted and reflected by the shelter zone, in particular by the walls of the inner chamber, the ground and possibly the users in said area , to escape to the outside of said shelter zone.
  • US 3244186 a tent having a summer portion and a winter portion adapted to be interchanged by rotating 180 ° about its vertical axis without the need to return, from the inside to the outside, the latter.
  • US 3244186 describes a variant in which the tent is provided on its outer face with a reflective coating, for example, a reflective aluminum paint and, on its inner side, with a heat-absorbing coating, for example, a black paint non-reflective.
  • a reflective coating for example, a reflective aluminum paint
  • a heat-absorbing coating for example, a black paint non-reflective.
  • the inner face absorbs and stores more heat than the outer surface and re-emits more far infrared rays than the outer face thus causing the warming of the shelter zone that the tent covers.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose an article of the tent or shelter type making it possible to improve the thermal comfort in the shelter zone, in particular in the interior chamber, while retaining a light article that is easy to manufacture, foldable and having the basic characteristics of such type of article: waterproof and breathable, resistant to abrasion and tearing.
  • the present invention overcomes the aforementioned problems in that it relates to an article of the tent or shelter type comprising a roof element at least partially covering a shelter area, said roof element comprising a main flexible panel having outer faces and internal opposite, the inner face being intended in operation to be oriented with respect to said shelter zone, the outer face being for its intended purpose in operation to be oriented with respect to the sun rays.
  • the inner face has a far infra-red emissivity (%) ratio lower than the far infrared emissivity (%) of the outer face, and the outer face is arranged so that to reflect the sun's rays.
  • the fraction of the solar radiation absorbed by the roof element is re-emitted more in the atmosphere than in the shelter zone.
  • This technical effect can greatly mitigate the greenhouse effect observed in the state of the art since less far infrared rays will be re-emitted in the shelter zone and will be likely to accumulate.
  • the thermal radiation in the shelter zone ground, users, possibly walls of the inner chamber
  • correlatively the radiant temperature perceived by the user which improves its thermal comfort.
  • the combination of reflective properties of the outer face with the difference in emissivity between the inner and outer faces of the main panel further mitigates the greenhouse effect that could occur in the shelter area. Indeed, a smaller portion of the incident solar rays will be transmitted and then re-transmitted in said shelter zone, in particular less radiation in the far infra-red will be likely to accumulate in said area. The thermal comfort of the user in the shelter area is thus further improved.
  • Emissivity ( ⁇ ) is the property of the surface of a body to emit heat by radiation, expressed by the ratio between the energy radiated by this surface and that radiated by a black body at the same temperature.
  • a Blackbody is theoretical object that absorbs all the electromagnetic radiation that it receives, at all wavelengths. No electromagnetic radiation passes through it and none are reflected.
  • the emissivity thus depends on numerous parameters which are the temperature of the body in question, the direction of the radiation, the wavelength and especially the surface state of the inner and outer faces of the main panel.
  • Radiation transmission is understood to mean the passage of radiation through a medium, without wavelength change, in particular through the main flexible panel.
  • the solar rays according to the invention cover the solar spectrum, which includes in particular visible, near infra-red and ultra-violet rays.
  • the far infra-red is a part of the thermal rays emitted by the different bodies, such as the floor, the main flexible panel, a possible interior chamber, objects arranged in the shelter area and finally, and most importantly , one or more users arranged in the shelter area.
  • Deep infra-red waves penetrate the skin without damaging and heat the user's body tissues in a similar way to the sun but without the harmful ultraviolet radiation.
  • Reflection, transmission, and absorption rates are defined as the fraction of incident radiation, in particular solar radiation, which is respectively reflected, transmitted or absorbed.
  • Emissivity, reflection, transmission, and absorption form the radiative properties of the main flexible panel.
  • the color of the outer face and / or the inner face does not affect the emissivity properties in the far infra-red of the main flexible panel.
  • the emissivity of the white outer face of a textile panel has been evaluated to be of the same order as that of the colored outer surface (for example orange or green) of another textile panel, namely of the order of 83-85%.
  • the article of the invention may be a tent, preferably in this case, the tent comprises an inner chamber.
  • the article of the invention may also be a shelter comprising a roof element, such as an umbrella, an umbrella, an awning, a blind.
  • the inner face of the main flexible panel is in contact at least locally with an air layer, ie a layer of air of minimum thickness when the shelter zone comprises an inner chamber, or directly in the air volume of the shelter area.
  • the emissivity rate in the far infra-red of the inner and outer faces may be measured according to the method described below or according to standard NF EN 15976.
  • the emissivity values are given in the present text within +/- 3 percentage points.
  • the emissivity difference ⁇ (%) between the inner face and the outer face is preferably at least 3 percentage points, more preferably at least 6 percentage points.
  • the main flexible panel is coated on its inner and / or outer face of a base polymer film, in particular not including any component having particular properties of emissivity or reflection.
  • This basic polymer film has the function of blocking the pores of the inner face and / or the outer face of the main panel, to smooth it and improve its drape.
  • This thread The base polymer also helps to provide the main flexible board with abrasion resistance and water impermeability properties.
  • the weight / m 2 of a base polymer film is less than or equal to 100 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 50 g / m 2 , and even more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 .
  • the sum of the weights / m 2 of the two films is less than or equal to 200 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 100 g / m 2 , and still preferably less than or equal to 20 g / m 2 .
  • weight / m 2 of the films are given in the present text on the finished article when the films are dry (in particular the solvent or aqueous phase of the coating binder composition has been evaporated).
  • the emissivity (%) of the far infra-red rays of the internal face is less than at least 10 percentage points, preferably less than 20 percentage points, at the emissivity rate (% ) far infra-red rays of the outer face.
  • the shelter zone comprises an interior chamber at least partially covered by said roof element, said roof element and the interior chamber being arranged so as to be spaced at least locally by a distance (d) by a layer of air, preferably of a distance (d) greater than or equal to 7 mm.
  • This layer of air disposed between the inner face of the main panel and the inner chamber is necessary in order not to alter the emissivity properties of said inner face and to maintain the attenuation of the greenhouse effect observed in the zone of shelter.
  • the inner chamber is preferably obtained by assembling one or more pre-cut flexible panels, in particular textile panels.
  • the main panel used in the composition of the roof element is suspended above the shelter area, the inner face of said main panel is thus in contact with a layer of air.
  • the outer face of the main panel being intended to be oriented directly in view of the sun's rays, the outer face is in contact with the ambient air which thus also forms a kind of air layer on its surface.
  • the external face of the main flexible panel has a reflection ratio of greater than or equal to 40%, measured according to standard NF EN 410.
  • This arrangement also makes it possible to improve the effect sought in the context of the invention, namely to reduce the proportion of incident solar rays transmitted and then re-emitted into the shelter zone so as to limit the accumulation of far infra-red rays of light. this zone.
  • the outer face of the main flexible panel is at least partially coated with a first reflecting component
  • the inner face is at least partially coated with a second component
  • said first and second components being selected so that said first component component has a far infra-red emissivity (%) greater than the emissivity of the far infra-red rays (%) of the second component.
  • the first component and the second component are metal particles, optionally oxidized.
  • the first component is titanium dioxide and the second component is an aluminum or silver powder.
  • the external face is at least partially coated with a first film in at least one polymer and said first component, said film possibly being colored.
  • the film can be colored by adding one or more color pigments.
  • the base polymer film is disposed between the first film and the outer face of the main flexible panel.
  • the inner face is at least partially coated with a second film in at least one polymer capable of rendering said inner surface impervious to water, said second film optionally comprising said second component.
  • the base polymer film is disposed between the inner face and the second film.
  • the weight / m 2 of the first film and / or the second film is less than or equal to 100 g / m 2 , preferably less than or equal to 50 g / m 2 , more preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 .
  • the polymer is chosen alone or in combination from the following polymers: polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA).
  • Said polymer corresponds to that used in the composition of the base film and / or the first film and / or the second film.
  • Said polymer corresponds to the binder of the solvent or aqueous binder composition implemented by coating with the aid of, for example, a roller (s) and a sander (s) to form said films.
  • the proportion by weight of the first component in said first film is less than or equal to 75%, preferably less than or equal to 50%.
  • the proportion by weight of the first component relative to the total weight of the solvent or aqueous binder composition intended to form said first film is less than or equal to 25%, more preferably less than or equal to 20%.
  • the proportion by weight of the second component in the second film is less than or equal to 75%, preferably less than or equal to 50%.
  • the proportion by weight of the second component relative to the total weight of the solvent or aqueous binder composition intended to form said second film is less than or equal to 25%, more preferably less than or equal to 15%, and even more preferably less than or equal to 10%.
  • the first and second films may be obtained by coating a polymeric composition comprising a polymer and respectively the first or the second component.
  • the coating can be carried out in a known manner by a nap roller or a rake.
  • the first and / or second films may also be hot rolled on the outer and / or inner side, respectively, of the main panel.
  • the inner face is totally or partially coated with a metallized film, in particular an aluminized film.
  • the aluminized film may be hot rolled on all or part of the inner face of the main flexible panel.
  • the main flexible panel is a textile panel.
  • the textile panels described herein may be formed of one or more pre-cut panels (s) formed from one or more fabrics and / or nonwovens and / or knits.
  • the article of type tent 1, represented at figure 1 comprises a roof element 2 covering a shelter zone 3.
  • the roof element 2 comprises a main flexible panel 4 having opposite outer faces 4a and 4b internal, the inner face 4b being intended in operation to be oriented to the eye of said said shelter zone 3.
  • the internal face 4b has an emissivity (%) of the radii infra-red lower than the emissivity of the infra-red rays of the outer face 4a.
  • the shelter zone 3 comprises an inner chamber 5, covered by the roof element 2, said roof element 2 and the inner chamber 5 being arranged so as to be spaced at least locally by a distance (d) by an air layer 6. In this specific example, the distance d is greater than or equal to 7 mm.
  • the emissivity rate of the inner face 4b is less than at least 20 percentage points at the emissivity rate of the outer face 4a.
  • the outer face 4a of the main flexible panel 4 is arranged so as to reflect the sun's rays, preferably the outer face 4a has a reflection ratio greater than or equal to 40% (measured according to NF EN 410).
  • the outer face 4a is coated with a first polymer film 7 comprising oxidized metal particles, preferably titanium dioxide.
  • the second inner face 4b is coated with a second polymer film 8 comprising unoxidized metal particles, preferably an aluminum powder.
  • the first and second 7.8 polymer films are preferably in one or more polymers selected from the following polymers: polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylvinyl acetate.
  • the figure 4 thus illustrates the transmission and reflection properties of various samples of flexible panels measured according to standard NF EN 410.
  • the sample No. 1 of the state of the art is a textile panel whose outer face is coated with no film and whose inner face is coated with a polyurethane film comprising no component having a particular reflection or emissivity function, in particular not comprising oxidized or non-oxidized metal particles.
  • Sample No. 2 corresponds to a textile panel of which only the outer face has been coated with a polymer film comprising an aluminum powder.
  • Sample No. 3 corresponds to a textile panel of which only the outer face has been coated with a polymer film comprising titanium dioxide.
  • Sample No. 4 corresponds to the main flexible panel 4 according to the invention.
  • the flexible textile panels from which samples 1 to 4 were prepared are the same, especially they are woven with polyester yarns.
  • the proportion of titanium dioxide and aluminum powder is substantially the even in each of the polymer films.
  • the polymer film is based on polyurethane.
  • the outer faces 4a and inner 4b are also coated with a base polymer film, whose weight / m 2 is preferably less than or equal to 10 g / m 2 .
  • the base polymer films are interposed respectively between the inner and outer faces and the first and second polymeric films comprising the first and second components.
  • the proportion by weight of the first and second components respectively in the first and second films differ.
  • the solvent or aqueous binder composition intended to form the first film comprises, relative to its total weight, between 15% and 20% by weight of TiO 2
  • the solvent or aqueous binder composition intended to form the second film comprises, relative to its total weight between 4% and 12% by weight of silver powder.
  • the absorption rate was deduced from the transmission and reflection rates.
  • the transmission, reflection and absorption rates on the solar spectrum were measured by incident radiation emitted towards the outer face of the samples to be tested.
  • the emissivity rate in the far infra-red of the inner and / or outer faces was measured according to a measurement method described below using an emissometer of INGLAS brand and having for reference TIR 100- 2.
  • the transmission values and the reflection values are respectively given plus or minus 1 percentage point and 2 percentage points respectively.
  • the emissivity rate of the outer face of a panel of the state of the art is high since it is 80%.
  • the emissivity rate of the outer face of sample No. 2 is low since it is 55%, and the transmission of radiation on the solar spectrum is also low since it is 7%.
  • the emissivity rate of the external face of the sample No. 3 is high since it is 79% and close to that of the sample No. 1 of the state of the art but has a good reflection of the solar rays since that it's 44%.
  • the emissivity rates of the internal faces of samples Nos. 1, 2 and 3 are theoretically of the same order since none of these internal faces is coated with a film comprising a component having a reflection or emissivity function. special.
  • the emissivity of the internal faces of samples Nos. 1, 2 and 3 is thus of the same order as that measured for the external face of sample No. 1, namely 80% to plus or minus 3%.
  • the emissivity of the inner and outer faces of the samples No. 1 and No. 3 are of the same order, while the emissivity of the internal face of the sample No. 2, of the order of 80% to more or less than 3%, is significantly higher than that of the outer face coated with a film comprising aluminum particles, which is 55% to plus or minus 3%.
  • the emissivity rate of the inner face 4b of the main flexible panel 4 is 58%, which is less than at least 20 percentage points at the emittance rate of 83% of the outer face 4a.
  • the incident solar rays 9 arrive on the outer face 4a of the main panel 4, a portion 10 of these rays is reflected, another portion 11 is absorbed, and finally a last portion 12 is transmitted.
  • the proportion of solar rays transmitted 12 in tent 1 (of the order of 8%) is lower than in the state of the art (of the order of 34%) because the outer face 4a is arranged in sort of reflect the sun's rays.
  • the transmitted rays 12 in the shelter zone 3, as can be seen in figure 3 are reflected again or absorbed and then re-emitted in the far infra-red by the ground 13, the skin of a potential user 14 and the walls of the inner chamber 5 to form a radiation in the far infra-red represented by the arrows 15.
  • spokes 15 are re-emitted by the walls of the inner chamber 5 to the main flexible panel 4, they are again absorbed by the main panel 4.
  • the radiation thus absorbed by the panel 4 is further re-emitted by the face external 4a in the atmosphere that the inner face 4b to the shelter area 3.
  • the greenhouse effect is thus considerably less than what is observed in the state of the art for a known tent equipped with a roof element comprising a main panel such as the sample No. 1.
  • a wind tunnel study on the type 1 tent article described in Figures 1 to 3 has been performed compared to an article of the same structure comprising a roof element having a main panel of the state of the art (sample No. 1).
  • Article 1 is arranged in a room with a ceiling arranged to emit radiation on the solar spectrum.
  • the climatic parameters of the wind tunnel are determined in said room so as to reproduce a summer day in European latitudes with a very low wind.
  • the energy emitted by the ceiling of said room is of the order of 600 watts / m 2 on the ground.
  • Thermocouples, a black globe and radiative flow sensors are used to measure the temperature of the atmosphere (outside the said items), the radiant temperature in the shelter zone and the transmission rate of the room.
  • article in the shelter zone the radiative flow sensors are placed on the outer face 4a of the main panel 4 as well as on the floor in the inner chamber 5 and equivalently for the article of the state of the art ).
  • the radiant temperature is related to solar thermal radiation and / or infra-red far absorbed by the skin of a user, the sharp decrease in this criterion and allows a significant improvement in thermal comfort of the user since it feels less heat.
  • the emission capacity of the solar radiation of the climatic wind tunnel in which this test was carried out was limited to 600 watts / m 2 on the ground, whereas the conditions of use in full summer with an entirely clear sky would be to be compared to an emission of 800-1000 watts / m 2 on the ground.
  • the reduction of the thermal radiation as well as the radiant temperature compared to the state of the art should be even more important for these conditions of use.
  • the far infrared emissivity levels described in the context of the present invention can be measured according to the European standard EN 15976 or else according to the test method described hereinafter.
  • This method is an indirect measure of emissivity, and more particularly of hemispheric emissivity.
  • a hemispherical black body at a temperature of 100 ° C., radiates towards a given face of a sample whose emissivity it is desired to measure.
  • the reflected portion of the heat flux by said face of the sample is then measured using an emissometer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP12731571.1A 2011-06-16 2012-06-14 Article du type tente ou abri Active EP2721231B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201230185T SI2721231T1 (sl) 2011-06-16 2012-06-14 Artikel tipa šotor ali zavetje
PL12731571T PL2721231T3 (pl) 2011-06-16 2012-06-14 Wyrób typu namiotu lub osłony
HRP20150397TT HRP20150397T1 (hr) 2011-06-16 2015-04-10 Artikl tipa šatora ili zaklona

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1155264A FR2976608B1 (fr) 2011-06-16 2011-06-16 Article du type tente ou abri
PCT/FR2012/051332 WO2012172256A2 (fr) 2011-06-16 2012-06-14 Article du type tente ou abri

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2721231A2 EP2721231A2 (fr) 2014-04-23
EP2721231B1 true EP2721231B1 (fr) 2015-01-14

Family

ID=46456890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12731571.1A Active EP2721231B1 (fr) 2011-06-16 2012-06-14 Article du type tente ou abri

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US9371665B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2721231B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101567996B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103597153B (zh)
BR (1) BR112013030539B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2534792T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2976608B1 (zh)
HR (1) HRP20150397T1 (zh)
PL (1) PL2721231T3 (zh)
PT (1) PT2721231E (zh)
RS (1) RS53955B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2559972C2 (zh)
SI (1) SI2721231T1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2012172256A2 (zh)

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DE102007027271B4 (de) * 2007-06-11 2010-06-10 Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Mangold Verwendung eines Flächenmaterials für architektonische Zwecke
US20090188539A1 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 Hollinger Steven J Tent
US8851198B2 (en) * 2011-03-07 2014-10-07 Herbert R. Burnham Tractable, fire-resistant, thermo-insulated covers and enclosures

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ES2534792T3 (es) 2015-04-28
WO2012172256A2 (fr) 2012-12-20
CN103597153A (zh) 2014-02-19
FR2976608B1 (fr) 2015-05-15
KR20140033134A (ko) 2014-03-17
PL2721231T3 (pl) 2015-06-30
SI2721231T1 (sl) 2015-05-29
WO2012172256A3 (fr) 2013-02-28
FR2976608A1 (fr) 2012-12-21
RU2559972C2 (ru) 2015-08-20
KR101567996B1 (ko) 2015-11-10
RS53955B1 (en) 2015-08-31
BR112013030539A2 (pt) 2017-03-01
US9371665B2 (en) 2016-06-21
US20140190540A1 (en) 2014-07-10
HRP20150397T1 (hr) 2015-05-08
PT2721231E (pt) 2015-05-18
EP2721231A2 (fr) 2014-04-23
RU2013154087A (ru) 2015-06-10
CN103597153B (zh) 2016-01-13
BR112013030539B1 (pt) 2020-12-22

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