EP2718488B1 - Combing machine having a shielding element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a combing machine with a reciprocally pivotable nipper unit with a lower nipper plate and an upper, movably mounted pliers plate and a fixed comb, and one, below the nipper unit rotatably mounted within a housing combing cylinder, wherein the housing with a vacuum source in combination is and has at least one opening which communicates with the space between the nipper unit and a subsequent, first pair of rollers, which is followed by a second pair of rollers and above the upper pressure rollers of the first and second roller pair, a rotatable cleaning element is mounted,

In the known combers with a reciprocally pivotable nipper unit ("tongs" for short), the tuft protruding from the closed tongs is grasped and combed out by a combing segment of a circular comb. The pliers are in a rear position. Subsequently, the pliers are pivoted into a front dead center position, in which they have the smallest distance to a subsequent Abreisswalzenpaar. On the way of the pliers from a rear position to a front position, the pliers are opened and then brought out of the pliers protruding end of the combed tuft with one end of an already formed fiber fleece in coverage and soldered. In this soldering process, it is necessary that the end of the tuft comes exactly and in the correct position on the end of the fibrous web to rest.

After the combing segment of the circular comb has finished the combing process, this passes through the rotary motion of the circular comb down into the sphere of action of a rotating brush roller, over which the set and combed out in the set of Kämmsegmentes components are removed. The circular comb, as well as the brush roller are mounted in a housing to which a vacuum source is connected. Thus, the combed out components (short fibers, nits, dust, other impurities) are sucked off via a channel connected below the housing and fed to a disposal facility.

The volume of air drawn off by means of the vacuum source is returned to the housing through openings in the housing, which are inter alia also in the area of the pliers and the tear-off rollers, from the surroundings of the comber. The extraction of the air volume by the vacuum source is continuous, i. even during the previously described soldering process.

It has been shown that mastering an optimum soldering process is becoming increasingly difficult with ever increasing numbers of combs and requires further measures. Also, the exhaust for the combed components has been adjusted to the high combing numbers to keep the housing clean. On the one hand ensures a high extraction of air volume, the cleanliness of the housing, or, the circular comb, on the other hand, these high air circulation and air currents to impairments during the soldering process. D. h., Are in the range between the nipper unit and the following Abreisswalzen too large, downwardly directed towards the tuft air flows present, it may lead to an unclean coverage (soldering) with the end of the fiber web, resulting in part holes may result in the formed nonwoven fabric. This leads to quality losses in the subsequently formed combing machine belt. In addition, the air flow in the above-described soldering area can also be adversely affected by the cleaning elements (brush roller, plush stripping roller, etc.) rotating faster and faster due to the high comb performance.

It is therefore the object of the invention to eliminate the disadvantages of the known embodiments and to propose a device which ensures an optimal soldering process even at high comb rates.

This object is achieved by proposing that in the area between the nipper unit (or the fixed to the nipper unit comb) and the cleaning element, a shielding is attached, which extends over the length of the cleaning element, wherein the lower longitudinal edge of the after above extending shielding element is arranged at a distance between 0.1 mm and 7 mm to the peripheral surface of the pressure roller of the first pair of rollers.

With this device, the air flow generated by the vacuum source can be better controlled. By the partitioning of the cleaning element, which rotates above the respective pressure roller of the first and second roller pair, via the proposed shielding element, also air flows with respect to the opening between the first pair of rollers and the pliers can be retained, which are generated by the cleaning element. At the same time, a smaller passage opening is formed between the shielding element and the fixed comb. That the volume of air supplied is reduced in this area. Thus, it can be achieved that the soldering process is not adversely affected by the air supplied from above reduced. If the air velocity, or the air volume in the soldering area (where the end of the tuft is placed on the end of the fibrous web to each other), so there is a risk that the end of the tuft is pressed down in the direction of the circular comb, causing it a faulty and dirty cover (soldering) of the two ends comes.

Preferably, it is further proposed that the distance between the peripheral surface of the pressure roller and the lower longitudinal edge of the shielding element is preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm. The smaller this distance is selected, the better the sealing off of the cleaning element with respect to the passage opening between the pliers and the subsequent first pair of rollers (also called tear-off rollers). On the other hand, this distance must not be too small, so that it does not come to the formation of fiber on the pressure roller winding and damage is thus excluded.

It is further proposed to carry out the shielding as a plate. This can be easily installed in this area despite the tight installation conditions. In addition, no deposits of fiber material can form on the flat plate.

Particularly advantageous is the attachment of the shielding on a pivotally mounted frame in the machine frame, which also carries the pressure rollers of the first and second roller pair simultaneously. This makes it possible, the frame, with the pressure rollers and the shielding as a structural unit pre-assemble. Likewise, the shielding can be swung out of its operating position for cleaning purposes.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the shielding element is provided with a cover extending in its longitudinal direction and protruding in the direction of the ridge of the nipper unit, the free end of the cover being spaced from the ridge when the nipper unit is in a forward dead center position. The term "front dead center" means the position of the forceps, in which it has the smallest distance to the first pair of rollers and at this point the reversal of the pivotal movement of the forceps in the direction of a rear dead center. Thus, the air velocity in the attachment area can be further reduced. The additional cover acts as a chicane for the intake air volume.

This baffle effect can be further increased by further proposing that the fixed on the pliers Fixkamm is provided with a, extending in its longitudinal direction cover whose free end points in the direction of the shielding and - seen in the vertical direction - above or below the cover the shielding element extends and the sum of the heights of the covers is greater than the distance between the shielding element and the fixed comb in the region of the covers, when the nipper unit is in its front dead center, ie the cover of the shielding element and the cover of the fixed comb act together as a labyrinth, whereby the air velocity of the supplied volume of air in this area can be further reduced.

Further advantages of the invention will be shown and described in more detail in subsequent embodiments.

Fig.1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Kämmkopfes einer bekannten Kämmmaschine im Bereich des Zangenaggregates mit einer erfindungsgemäss angebrachten Abschirmung.

Fig.2

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 in einer Teilansicht.

Fig.3

eine vergrösserte Ansicht nach Fig.2

Show it:

Fig.1

a schematic side view of a combing head of a known combing machine in the region of the nipper unit with a shield attached according to the invention.

Fig.2

a further embodiment according to Fig. 1 in a partial view.

Figure 3

an enlarged view Fig.2

FIG. 1 shows a known nipper unit 1 (called "pliers" for short), which is pivotally mounted on the crank arms 2, 3. In this case, two crank arms 2 are each mounted laterally of a circular comb 4 on the circular comb shaft 5 pivotally. The circular comb 4 has a comb segment 7 on a part of its circumference. The other end of the pivot arms 2 is rotatably mounted on axes 10 on a clamp frame 8. The rear pivot arm 3 (there may also be two) is rotatably mounted on a forceps shaft, not shown. The opposite free end of the pivot arm 3 is rotatably connected via a shaft 9 with the clamp frame 8.

In general, several combing heads are arranged side by side on a combing machine, each combing head having a pair of pliers 1. In the examples, however, the attachment of a shielding element according to the invention is shown and described only on a single combing head.

The forceps 1 consists essentially of a fixed to the forceps frame 8 lower pliers plate 12 and an upper pliers plate 14 (sometimes called also pliers knife), which is attached to two pivot arms 15, 15 '. These pivoting arms are pivotally mounted on the tong frame 8 via a pivot axis 16. The pivot arms 15, 15 'are each connected to a spring leg 18, which in turn are mounted on a driven eccentric 21 via an axis 20. Seen in the material flow direction F of the fiber material W to be processed, a first pair of rollers 24 is provided behind the forceps 1. This pair of rollers 24 is also referred to in practice as "Abreisswalzenpaar or Abreisszylinderpaar" and consists of a lower tear-off roller 24a, which cooperates with a tear-off pressure roller 24b to form a Abreissklemmlinie K. The first pair of rollers 24 is followed by a second pair of rollers 25, wherein the produced solder joint is still solidified.

In order to free the pressure rollers 24b, 25b (which are provided with a rubber coating) of adhering components, a cleaning roller 34 (a brush roller in the example shown) is freely rotatably mounted above these rollers. In this case, the brush roller 34 lies with its own weight on the peripheral surfaces U1, U2 of the pressure rollers 24b, 25b and is driven by friction of pressure rollers. The brush roller 34 is mounted on its axis 35 in a slot 38 parallel to the axis 35 slidably and freely rotatably. The slots 38 (only one shown) are mounted at both ends of the brush roller 35 in a frame 40 which is pivotally mounted about the axis 41 in the machine frame MS of the combing machine. Likewise, the two pressure rollers 24b, 25b are freely rotatably mounted on the frame 40 via their axes A1, A2 and can be pivoted together with the shielding element 30 into an inoperative position via frames, like the dashed line in FIG Fig.1 is indicated. Before this pivoting operation, the brush roller is lifted out of the slots 38. The pressure rollers 24b, 25b are driven by friction from the lower rollers 24a, 25a connected to a drive (not shown). The drive generates, as is well known, a pilgrim movement.

Schematically indicated is a fixed comb 11, which is fastened to the forceps frame 8 by means not shown and in which the tuft FB of the fiber material W (eg a cotton or fiber ribbons) is drawn in, if its end E in the direction of the clamping point K of the following first pair of rollers 24 is transported over the movement of the end E1 of an already present non-woven fabric V. This is in the FIG. 1 indicated by dashed lines.

Within the pliers 1, a feed roller 27 is rotatably mounted, which is connected via a drive not shown in detail and performs a discontinuous rotational movement in order to transport the supplied cotton wool W in sections. The feed cylinder 27 has a shaft 28, via which it is rotatably mounted on both ends via bearings not shown in detail in bearing receptacles of the nipper frame. The drive of the feed roller 27 can be done via a known jack drive, which is controlled by the movement of the upper tong plate 14. However, it is also possible to make the drive of the feed roller 27 regardless of the movement of the upper tong plate, where he z. B. can be done via a cam, as for example in the GB-PS 933,946 is shown. It would also be conceivable to mount the cam disc used in this embodiment directly on the circular comb shaft, like this eg in the DE-PS 231 797 is shown. The drive of the feed roller 27 can be done in the forward or reverse of the pliers or pro rata in the forward and reverse. The feed roller 27 conveys the fibrous material W discontinuously in the direction of the tong lip 30 of the lower tong plate 12.

The combing takes place with the clamp 1 closed when it is in a rear position (not shown). In this case, the end of the fiber material projecting from the tongs (also called fiber tuft FB) reaches the area of the combing segment 7 of the circular comb 4 and is combed out. The clamping force for holding the fiber W during the combing process is generated by the schematically shown strut 18, which is pivotally mounted above the axis 20 and the eccentric 21 on the machine frame MS.

After the combing process, the pliers 1 is in a foremost position ( Fig.1 - Fig.3 ) pivoted while open at the same time. In this case, the combed end of the fiber tuft FB is placed on the end of a previously partially transported back fiber web V and then transferred by the transport movement of the fiber web to the nip K of the first pair of rollers 24. During the described sequence of movements of the tuft FB enters the area of the needles of a fixed comb 11 which is fixed to the forceps frame 8. By the rotational movement of the first pair of rollers 24, the fibers of the fiber tuft FB, which arrive at the terminal point K are pulled out of the tuft and soldered to the end of the web V. In this case, the fiber tuft is pulled through the fixed comb 11, the nonwoven fabric is removed via the second subsequent roller pair 25 on a nonwoven table VT and then combined via known devices into a sliver and further transported.

Below the circular comb 4, a brush roller 44 is rotatably mounted in a housing 50, in which the circular comb 4 is located. The brush roller 44 is connected to a drive, not shown, and has bristles 45, with which it engages the clothing of Kämmsegmentes 7 and removes the combed out components located therein. Under the action of a by a vacuum source P produced Saugluftströmung SA are fed through the opening 51 in the lower region of the housing 50, the combed components and the removed by the brush roller 44 from the combing segment 7 parts of a disposal point not shown in detail. The air volume removed by the suction air flow is fed back to the housing 50 through the openings above the housing from the ambient air of the comber. Such an opening is z. B. with R between the pliers 1, or, attached to the pliers Fixkamm 11 and the subsequent first pair of rollers 24 available. Another opening R1 is provided in the rear region of the pliers 1. Pointing upward to the pliers 1, an opening R2 is provided in the housing 50.

This is only an example because even more openings can be provided in the housing, via which air from the ambient air of the comber is tracked to compensate for the air volume.

In order to keep the influence of the sucked through the opening R air volume to a certain size at which the attachment or the soldering operation is not disturbed, a shielding element in the form of a plate 30 is attached to the pivotable frame 40. The plate 30 may also be adjustably fastened. In this case, the lower longitudinal side 31 of the plate 30 extends at a small distance a (between 0.1 and 7 mm) to the peripheral surface U1 of the pressure roller 24b of the first pair of rollers 24. Thus, on the one hand the area of the brush roller 34 (can also be a plush-covered roller be) largely sealed off from the opening R and on the other hand the feed opening for tracking air in the housing 50 is reduced. This will affect the flow of air generated in the soldering area.

In the embodiment of Fig.2 and Fig.3 (enlarged view of Fig.2 ) is mounted on the plate 30, an additional shield 55 which extends in the longitudinal direction of the plate 30 and projects in the direction of the fixed comb 11. The term "longitudinal direction" in this case means "transverse to the conveying direction F of the fiber material". The term "fixed comb" includes the fixed comb holder and the combing set attached thereto. In addition, a further shield 56 is attached to the fixed comb 11, which points in the direction of the plate 30. This shield 56 extends in the longitudinal direction of the fixed comb 11 and at a parallel distance from the shield 55. Also in this case the longitudinal direction of the fixed comb 11 runs transversely to the conveying direction of the fiber material W. In the in Figure 3 shown front dead center position, the shield 55 at a distance s to the top comb 11, while the shield 56 has a distance u to the plate 30. In the middle region, the shields 55, 56 overlap, so that a labyrinth forms, through which the sucked air is resisted, as shown by the arrows. Thus, in addition, the air velocity in the soldering area can be reduced, thereby preventing negative influences on the soldering process. The vertical coverage of the covers 55, 56 to form the labyrinth takes place during the forward movement of the forceps 1 of a in Figure 3 dashed line position in the forwardmost position shown by solid lines (dead center position). Ie. as soon as the soldering process begins, the air flow is already deflected between the covers 55, 56.

With the proposed attachment of a shielding is prevented in a simple manner that it comes despite higher Kammspielzahlen quality problems during the soldering process.

Claims (6)

1. A combing machine having a nipper unit (1) that can be pivoted back and forth and that has a lower nipper plate (12) and an upper, movably mounted nipper plate (14), and further having a top comb (11) and a combing cylinder (4) rotatably mounted within a housing (50) below the nipper unit (1), wherein the housing (50) is connected to a low-pressure source (P) and has at least one opening (R2) which is connected to the space (R) between the nipper unit (1) and a first subsequent first roller pair (24), downstream of which a second roller pair (25) is arranged, and a rotatable cleaning element (34) is attached above the upper pressure rollers (24b, 25b) and the first and second roller pairs (24, 25), characterized in that in the region between the nipper unit (1) and the cleaning element (34), a shielding element (30) is attached that extends over the length of the cleaning element, wherein the lower longitudinal edge (31) of the upwardly extending shielding element (30) is arranged at a distance (a) between 0.1 mm and 7 mm from the circumferential surface (U1) of the pressure roller (24b) of the first roller pair (24).
2. The combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (a) between the circumferential surface (U1) of the pressure roller (24b) and the lower longitudinal edge (31) is preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
3. The combing machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the shielding element consists of a plate (30).
4. The combing machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure rollers (24b, 25b) of the first and second roller pairs (24, 25) and the shielding element (30) are mounted and fastened, respectively, on a pivotable frame (40) in the machine frame (MS).
5. The combing machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in
   that the shielding element (30) is provided with a cover (55) that extends in the longitudinal direction of the shielding element and protrudes towards the top comb (11) of the nipper unit (1), wherein the free end of the cover has a distance (s) from the top comb (11) when the nipper unit (1) is in its front dead center position.
6. The combing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the top comb (11) is provided with a cover (56) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the top comb, and the free end of which faces towards the shielding element (30) and - viewed in the vertical direction - extends above or below the cover (55) of the shielding element (30), and the sum of the heights (h1, h2) of the covers (55, 56) is greater than the distance between the shielding element (30) and the top comb (11) in the region of the covers (55, 56) when the nipper unit (10) is in its front dead center position.

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