EP2716588B1 - Control device for elevator - Google Patents

Control device for elevator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2716588B1
EP2716588B1 EP11866585.0A EP11866585A EP2716588B1 EP 2716588 B1 EP2716588 B1 EP 2716588B1 EP 11866585 A EP11866585 A EP 11866585A EP 2716588 B1 EP2716588 B1 EP 2716588B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power
voltage
control
switching elements
source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11866585.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2716588A4 (en
EP2716588A1 (en
Inventor
Kazuhiro OOTU
Hiroyuki Takagi
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2716588A4 publication Critical patent/EP2716588A4/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/30—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/30—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor
    • B66B1/308—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on driving gear, e.g. acting on power electronics, on inverter or rectifier controlled motor with AC powered elevator drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator control system.
  • the main circuit of an elevator is provided with a converter converting an AC power to a DC power, a capacitor smoothing the converter output having voltage ripples into a smooth DC voltage, and an inverter converting the DC voltage to an arbitrary AC voltage using power semiconductor elements.
  • the power semiconductor elements are generally composed of voltage-driven semiconductors such as IGBTs. Hence, a gate power source is necessary for driving the elements by switching their gate voltage between positive and negative.
  • a conventional elevator control system is known, as described in JP H06-9164 A, that includes an inverter for converting a DC voltage smoothed by a capacitor to an arbitrary AC voltage to control a motor for driving the elevator, a regeneration power dissipation resistor for dissipating a regeneration power generated in a motor regeneration operation through a regeneration current conduction element, and a charging circuit for charging the capacitor in advance, and further includes a voltage comparison circuit for sending an output when the capacitor voltage is larger than the output voltage of the charging circuit, and a charge storage capacitor for supplying, when the power supply is interrupted, stored electric charges as power to the voltage comparison circuit whose output makes conductive the regeneration current conduction element.
  • the capacitor is forcibly discharged through the regeneration power dissipation circuit when the power supply is interrupted, which realizes the forced discharge of the capacitor in a simple manner.
  • JP 2005 162442 A discloses an elevator control system comprising a converter that converts an electric power from an AC power supply to a DC power using semiconductor elements; a capacitor that smoothes the DC power; an inverter that converts the DC power to an arbitrary AC power using switching elements and drives a motor moving an elevator car; a control means that performs on-off control of the switching elements; a control power-source means that generates a DC power on the basis of the AC power supply and supplies the DC power to the control means; a rechargeable battery that supplies a DC power to the control power-source means when the AC power supply is lost; a first voltage detection means that detects a value of a first voltage being the output of the control power-source means; a first determination means that determines whether or not the first voltage value is a first threshold value or smaller; and a supply means that supplies the DC power from the rechargeable battery to the control means when the first voltage value becomes the first threshold value or smaller.
  • the conventional elevator control system has a problem that when the main power supply is lost, it is not reliably guaranteed that before the output of a control power source for controlling the semiconductor elements included in the inverter is lost, electric charges stored in the capacitor smoothing the converter output voltage is discharged.
  • the present invention is made to solve the problem and aims to obtain an elevator control system that can appropriately control, when the main power supply is lost, the semiconductor elements by supplying a power to a control means controlling the semiconductor elements.
  • An elevator control system according to the present invention comprises the features mentioned in claim 1.
  • the first determination means determines whether or not the first voltage value of the control power-source means is the first threshold value or smaller; and the supply means supplies an electric power from the rechargeable battery to the control means when the first voltage value becomes the first threshold value or smaller. Therefore, even when the output voltage of the control power-source means drops due to a power interruption or the like, the electric power can be continuously supplied to the control means from the rechargeable battery so that the switching elements can be appropriately controlled by the control means.
  • the supply means supplies the dc power from the rechargeable battery to the control means also when the second voltage value is larger than the second threshold value. Therefore, only in a case where a large current could flow due to power lines short-circuited by the switching elements of the inverter, the supply means is allowed to supply the electric power from the rechargeable battery to the control means, which thereby can reduce the battery capacity.
  • control power-source means includes, at least, a first and a second control power-source means whose outputs are connected in parallel to each other, wherein the first control power-source means supplies a dc voltage to the control means, and the supply means supplies a dc voltage from the second control power-source means to the control means when the first voltage value becomes the first threshold value or smaller.
  • an electric power can be supplied to the control means from the second control power-source means even when the first control power-source means fails, thereby enhancing the control power-source means' reliability against failure.
  • the output voltage of the second control power-source means is lower than that of the first control power-source means.
  • the elevator control system when the first control power-source means operates normally, an electric power is supplied to the control means only from the first control power-source means but is not supplied from the second control power-source means.
  • the second control power-source means supplies the electric power to the control means, which thereby allows the second control power-source means to have a reduced capacity.
  • the first control power-source means generates a first positive bias voltage for turning on the switching elements and a first negative bias voltage for turning off the switching elements
  • the second control power-source means generates only a second negative bias voltage for turning off the switching elements
  • the first and second control power-source means generate the negative bias voltages. Therefore, even when the first control power-source means fails, the switching elements can be reliably turned off by the negative bias voltage generated from the second control power-source means. Furthermore, the second control power-source means can be simplified.
  • the switching elements constitute an upper arm and a lower arm, and the switching elements of the lower arm are turned off by the second negative bias voltage.
  • the whole inverter can be reliably turned off even when the first control power-source means fails.
  • the second control power-source means can be further simplified.
  • the second control power-source means generates a single output of a second negative bias voltage which is always connected to one of the first control power-source means outputs supplied to the plurality of switching elements of the lower arm, and application means are provided that apply the single output of the second negative bias voltage to the rest of the lower arm switching elements when the first determination means determines that the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller.
  • This provides a duplex system. Therefore, even when the first control power-source means fails, the whole inverter can be reliably turned off by turning off the switching element of the lower arm.
  • the second control power-source means generates the single output of the negative bias voltage, thereby allowing the second control power-source means to be further simplified.
  • an elevator control system When losing the main power supply, an elevator control system according to the present invention can supply an electric power to the control means controlling switching elements such as an inverter, so that the control means can appropriately control the switching elements.
  • Fig. 1 is an overall diagram of an elevator of the embodiment according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is an inner configuration view of a gate power source shown in Fig. 1
  • the elevator is configured so that an end of a counter weight 3 is connected to one end of a rope 5, the other end of the rope 5 is connected to a car 9, the rope 5 is in contact with a groove of a traction machine sheave 7, so that the car 9 is moved upward and downward by a motor 11 rotating the traction machine sheave 7.
  • An elevator control system includes a main power supply switch S1 being normally open for a three-phase AC power supply 22, a converter 24 converting to DC voltage with ripples through a normally open contact 22 of an electromagnetic switch, a capacitor 26 smoothing the ripples of the DC voltage, an inverter 30 including semiconductor elements 31 converting the DC voltage to an arbitrary AC voltage to drive the motor 11, and a gate drive circuit 60 performing on-off control of semiconductor switching elements 31 in the inverter 30.
  • the capacitor 26 is charged through the main power supply switch S1, and is discharged through a charge-discharge circuit 35 connected to both ends of the capacitor 26.
  • a gate power source 50 is provided that serves, similarly through the main power supply switch S1, as a dc power source for the gate drive circuit 60, and the gate power-source circuit 50 is connected to a backup rechargeable battery 52 through a supply switch Se.
  • An elevator controller 70 is also provided that generates control command signals for controlling the gate drive circuit 60 and the charge-discharge circuit 35.
  • a first voltage detector 61 that detects a first voltage value, i.e. the output voltage of the gate power-source circuit 50, and a first determination unit 83 that determines whether or not the detected first voltage value is a first threshold value or smaller, and closes the supply switch Se having been opened if the detected value is the first threshold value or smaller, to supply an electric power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60.
  • a diode 54 connected to an end of the supply switch Se is connected to an input end of a DC-DC converter 58, and the main power supply switch S1 is connected to an input of an AC-DC converter 52.
  • the output of the AC-DC converter 52 is connected to the input end of the DC-DC converter 58 through a diode 56 and to the other input end of the DC-DC converter 58.
  • the gate power source 50 is configured in a manner that in a condition that the supply switch Se is closed, an electric power is supplied to the DC-DC converter 58 from a power source having a higher voltage, out of the AC-DC converter 52 and the rechargeable battery 52.
  • the main power supply switch S1 When the main power supply switch S1 is closed and then the normally open contact 22 having been opened are closed, the AC power-supply voltage is inputted to the gate power source 50, so that a DC voltage is supplied to the gate drive circuit 60. Meanwhile, from the three-phase AC power supply, the converter 24 produces a DC power to be inputted to the inverter 30.
  • the gate drive circuit 60 controls the inverter 30 in accordance with command signals from the elevator controller 70 to halt or drive the motor 11.
  • the main power supply switch S1 and the normally open contact 22 having been closed are opened so that charges in the capacitor 26 are discharged through the charge-discharge circuit 35. Meanwhile, the output voltage of the gate power-source circuit 50 drops.
  • the output voltage i.e. a first voltage value
  • the determination unit 83 determines whether or not the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller, and if the first threshold value or smaller, the determination unit closes the supply switch Se having been open to supply an electric power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60.
  • the elevator control system includes the converter 24 that converts an electric power from the three-phase AC power supply 20 to a DC power using semiconductor elements, the capacitor 26 that smoothes the DC power, the inverter 30 that converts, using the semiconductor elements 31, the DC power to an arbitrary AC power to drive the motor 11 moving the elevator the car 9, the gate drive circuit 60 that serves as a control means to control the switching elements 31, the gate power-source circuit 50 that serves as a control power-source means to produce a dc power on the basis of the AC power supply 22, and to supply the dc power to the gate drive circuit 60, the rechargeable battery 52 that supplies a dc power to the gate power-source circuit 50 when the AC power supply is lost, the first voltage detection unit 80 that detects the first voltage value, i.e.
  • the first determination unit 83 that determines whether or not the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller
  • the supply switch Se that serves as a supply means to supply the dc power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60 when the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller.
  • the determination unit 83 determines whether or not the first voltage value of the gate power-source circuit 50 is the first threshold value or smaller, and if the first threshold value or smaller, the determination unit closes the supply switch Se having been open, to supply an electric power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60.
  • the switching elements 31 can be appropriately controlled by the gate drive circuit 60.
  • FIG. 3 is an overall diagram of an elevator of another embodiment according to the present invention.
  • the same numerals as those in Fig. 1 designate the same components, whose explanations will be omitted.
  • an elevator control system is configured such that a second voltage detector 180 detects a second voltage value across the capacitor 26, and a second determination unit 183 closes the supply switch Se having been open, to supply an electric power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60 in a condition that the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller and the second voltage value is larger than a second threshold value.
  • the elevator control system configured as described above operates in the same manner as that of Embodiment 1.
  • the main power supply switch S1 and the normally open contact 22 having been closed are opened so that charges in the capacitor 26 are discharged through the charge-discharge circuit 35. Meanwhile, the output voltage of the gate power-source circuit 50 drops.
  • the output voltage, i.e. the first voltage value, and the voltage across the capacitor 26 are detected and inputted to the second determination unit 183 by the first voltage detection unit 80 and the second voltage detector 180, respectively.
  • the second determination unit 183 determines whether or not the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller and determines whether or not the second voltage value is larger than the second threshold value.
  • the second determination unit closes the switch S2 having been opened, to supply an electric power from the rechargeable battery 52 to the gate drive circuit 60.
  • This enables the gate drive circuit 60 to be normally controlled even when a power outage occurs and to be supplied with an electric power, taking the magnitude of a short circuit current into account, when the voltage across the capacitor 26 is larger than the second threshold value.
  • An elevator control system preferably includes the charge-discharge circuit 35 discharging electric charges in the capacitor 26 in response to loss of the three-phase AC power supply 20, the second voltage detection unit 180 detecting the second voltage value of the capacitor 26, the second determination unit 183 determining whether or not the second voltage value is larger than the second threshold value, and the supply switch Se supplying an electric power to the gate drive circuit 60 from the rechargeable battery 52 when the first voltage value is the first threshold value or smaller and the second voltage value is larger than the second threshold value. That is, because the electric power is supplied to the gate drive circuit 60 from the rechargeable battery 52 only when the voltage value of the capacitor 26 is larger than the second threshold value, the capacity of the battery 52 can be reduced.
  • FIG. 4 is an overall diagram of an elevator of another embodiment according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is an inner connection diagram of a first and second gate power-source circuits in Fig. 4 .
  • the same numerals as those in Fig. 1 donate the same components.
  • one gate power-source circuit 50 is provided; however, in this embodiment, a first gate power-source circuit 150 and a second gate power-source circuit 250 are provided, as shown in Fig.4 , which serve as a duplex system.
  • the inverter 30 has an upper arm 32 and a lower arm 34 which include the switching elements 31: the upper arm 32 includes switching elements 31uu, 32uv, and 31uw, and the lower arm 34 includes switching element s31du, 31dv, and 31dw.
  • a voltage monitoring unit 200 is configured to detect output voltages of the first and second gate power-source circuits 150 and 250 and to generate an isolation signal for isolating the gate drive circuit 60 when the two output voltage values drop below predetermined threshold values.
  • each of the first and second gate power-source circuits 150 and 250 operates in a flyback manner and has six power output components for driving the six switching elements 31 of the inverter 30.
  • a voltage is applied to a capacitor 154 from the three-phase AC power supply through a full-wave rectifying bridge 152. Both ends of the capacitor 154 are connected to the primary winding of a transformer 158 through a switching semiconductor element 156.
  • the first power output components are provided with twelve windings in pairs thereof, and each pair is for generating positive and negative bias voltages to turn on and off the switching elements 31 of the upper arm 32 and the lower arm 34.
  • one end of the secondary winding of the transformer 158 is connected to one end of a diode D11 (D12 through D16), the other end of the secondary winding is connected to one end of a diode D21 (D22 through D26), and a center point of the secondary winding is connected to one end of each of two smoothing capacitors C11 (C12 through C16) and C21 (C22 through C26).
  • the other end of the smoothing capacitor C11 (C12 through C16) is connected to the other end of the diode D11 (D12 through D16), and the other end of the capacitor C21 (C22 through C26) is connected to the diode D21 (D22 through D26).
  • a voltage is applied to a capacitor 254 from the battery 52. Both ends of the capacitor 254 are connected to the primary winding of the transformer 158 through a switching semiconductor element 256.
  • the second power output components are provided with twelve windings in pairs thereof, and each pair is for generating positive and negative bias voltages to turn on and off the switching elements 31 included in the inverter 30.
  • one end of the secondary winding of a transformer 258 is connected to one end of a diode D31 (D32 through D36), the other end of the secondary winding is connected to one end of a diode D41 (D42 through 426), and a center point of the secondary winding is connected to one end of each of two smoothing capacitors C31 (C32 through C36) and C41 (C42 through C46).
  • the other end of the smoothing capacitor C31 (C32 through C36) is connected to the other end of the diode D31 (D32 through D36), and the other end of the capacitor C41 (C42 through C46) is connected to the diode D41 (D42 through D46).
  • the outputs of the second power output components are always connected to the first power output components in parallel.
  • V1-1 and V2-1 denote the positive bias voltage and the negative bias voltage of the first gate power-source circuit 150, respectively
  • V1-2 and V2-2 denote the positive bias voltage and the negative bias voltage of the second gate power-source circuit 250, respectively
  • the absolute values of the respective output voltages have relations below.
  • V 2 ⁇ 1 > V 2 ⁇ 2 The above-described relations prevent the output current of the second gate power-source circuit 250 from flowing under a normal condition where the first gate power-source circuit 150 does not fail.
  • the converter 24 produces from the three-phase AC power supply, a DC power to be inputted to the inverter 30.
  • the first gate drive circuit 150 controls the inverter 30 in accordance with command signals from the elevator controller 70 to halt or drive the motor 11.
  • the outputs of the second gate power-source circuit 250 are inputted as gate signals to the switching elements 31 of the inverter 31. Therefore, even when the first gate power-source circuit 150 fails, the inverter 30 can be driven through the gate drive circuit 60 by the second gate power-source circuit 250. Furthermore, when a power outage occurs, the rechargeable battery 52 serves an input source, so that the inverter 30 can be driven through the gate drive circuit 60 fed by the second gate power-source circuit 250.
  • both of the first gate power-source circuit 150 and the second gate power-source circuit 250 generate the positive bias voltages and the negative bias voltages in order to configure, as shown in Fig. 5 , a duplex gate-power-source circuit system; however, in this embodiment, a second gate power-source circuit 1250 is configured, as shown in Fig. 6 , to generate only the negative bias voltage without generating the positive bias voltage, and the respective outputs of the negative bias voltage, i.e. the outputs of the second power output components, are always connected in parallel to those of the corresponding first power output components.
  • a duplex system ensures the negative bias voltage.
  • the switching elements 31 can be reliably turned off, because the negative bias voltage can be applied to the switching elements 31 in the inverter 30 from the second gate power-source circuit 1250 even when the first gate power-source circuit 150 cannot generate the negative bias voltage.
  • the elevator control system of this embodiment can be simplified in comparison to that of Embodiment 3, because positive-bias-voltage generation parts can be eliminated in the second gate power-source circuit 1250.
  • the duplex system for gate power-source circuit is configured only for the negative bias voltage, as shown in Fig. 6 ; however, in this embodiment, a second gate power-source circuit 2250 is configured, as shown in Fig. 7 , to generate only three outputs of the negative bias voltage applied to the switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34 in the inverter.
  • the three outputs of the negative bias voltage, i.e. the outputs of the second power output components, are always connected in parallel to those of the corresponding first power output components.
  • a duplex system ensures the negative bias voltage for the switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34 in the inverter 30; thus, even when a failure occurs in a negative-bias-voltage-generation part of the first gate power-source circuit 150, the corresponding output of the negative bias voltage can be applied from the second gate power-source circuit 2250 to the switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34, thereby preventing the switching elements 31 from malfunctioning.
  • the second gate power-source circuit 2250 can be simply configured in comparison to that in Embodiment 4.
  • the second gate power-source circuit 2250 generates, as shown in Fig. 7 , only three outputs of the negative bias voltage for the switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34 in the inverter 30, and the three outputs of negative bias voltage, i.e. the outputs of the second power output components, are always connected in parallel to those of the corresponding first power output components; however, in this embodiment, a second gate power-source circuit 3250 is configured, as shown in Fig. 8 , to generate only one output of the negative bias voltage applied to the switching element 31 of the lower arm 34 in the inverter 30, and the one output of the negative bias voltage is always connected in parallel to the negative bias voltage output of the first gate power-source circuit 150. Then, the one output of the negative bias voltage is connected through switches S1-S4 to the rest of the negative bias voltage outputs to be inputted to two switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34 in the inverter 30.
  • the switches S1-S4 are turned on to apply the negative bias voltage from the second gate power-source circuit 3250 to the switching elements 31 of the lower arm 34, thereby preventing the switching elements 31 from malfunctioning.
  • the second gate power-source circuit can be simplified in comparison to that in Embodiment 5.
  • the switching elements 31 in the inverter 30 used in Embodiments 1 to 6 may be made up of a silicon semiconductor, however it is preferable that the switching elements are made up of a wide band gap semiconductor having a band gap wider than silicon.
  • a wide band gap semiconductor includes, for example, silicon carbide, gallium nitride material, and diamond.
  • the switching elements 31 made up of such a wide band gap semiconductor have a high performance in withstanding voltage and have a high tolerance for current density, therefore the switching elements 31 can be miniaturized; thus, by using the miniaturized switching elements 31, an inverter using the miniaturized switching elements can be made smaller.
  • the switching elements 31 in the inverters 30 of Embodiments 1 through 6 are made up of a wide band gap semiconductor, the switching elements 31 can be appropriately controlled even if the AC power supply is lost.
  • the present invention is applicable to elevator control systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
EP11866585.0A 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 Control device for elevator Not-in-force EP2716588B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2011/002964 WO2012164597A1 (ja) 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 エレベータの制御装置

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EP2716588A1 EP2716588A1 (en) 2014-04-09
EP2716588A4 EP2716588A4 (en) 2015-02-18
EP2716588B1 true EP2716588B1 (en) 2017-04-05

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EP (1) EP2716588B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5637307B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101521374B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN103562108B (zh)
WO (1) WO2012164597A1 (zh)

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Publication number Publication date
EP2716588A4 (en) 2015-02-18
KR20140018354A (ko) 2014-02-12
EP2716588A1 (en) 2014-04-09
JP5637307B2 (ja) 2014-12-10
CN103562108B (zh) 2015-12-16
JPWO2012164597A1 (ja) 2014-07-31
CN103562108A (zh) 2014-02-05
KR101521374B1 (ko) 2015-05-18
WO2012164597A1 (ja) 2012-12-06

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