EP2694795B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2694795B1
EP2694795B1 EP12714655.3A EP12714655A EP2694795B1 EP 2694795 B1 EP2694795 B1 EP 2694795B1 EP 12714655 A EP12714655 A EP 12714655A EP 2694795 B1 EP2694795 B1 EP 2694795B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
force
fuel injector
pressure sensor
control valve
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12714655.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2694795A1 (fr
Inventor
Nestor Rodriguez-Amaya
Siegfried Ruthardt
Holger Rapp
Wolfgang Stoecklein
Bernd Berghaenel
Marco Beier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2694795A1 publication Critical patent/EP2694795A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2694795B1 publication Critical patent/EP2694795B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/244—Force sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for a fuel injection system, in particular a common rail injection system, for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic fuel injector includes a nozzle in a high-pressure bore hubbeweglich guided, on the lifting movement at least one injection port is releasable and closable, and a control valve for controlling the lifting movement of the nozzle needle by a function of the respective switching position of the control valve, the nozzle needle in the closing direction acted upon hydraulic pressure is changed in a control room.
  • the injected fuel quantity depends on the injection pressure and the opening duration of the nozzle needle. Due to wear, however, the operating behavior of the fuel injector can change over the service life, so that it is necessary to adapt the control parameters.
  • the fuel injector therefore further comprises a force or pressure sensor with at least one sensor element of a piezoelectric material.
  • a device for determining a performance of an injection valve of an injection system of an internal combustion engine which comprises a piezo film sensor which can be used to determine the closing time of the injection valve in the injection valve.
  • the impact of the valve needle on the valve seat is advantageously determined. In this way can be detected be whether a predicted time corresponds to the actual time of the stop of the valve needle on the valve seat. If a deviation is detected, the control parameters of a control device of the injection system can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the striking of the valve needle on the valve seat is preferably detected by an external force acting on the piezo film sensor.
  • the external force causes a deformation and concomitantly a change in the charge density of the piezoelectric material, so that a voltage generated between two electrodes arranged on the piezoelectric material can be tapped off as a signal. Since the piezo film sensor for signal generation requires no supply voltage and the signals can therefore be tapped directly without charge amplifier, it requires only a ground and a signal line for tapping the signal. The signal is then preferably forwarded to an evaluation unit connected to the piezo film sensor.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a simply constructed and inexpensive to produce fuel injector with a force or pressure sensor for detecting characteristic pressure changes during opening and closing of the nozzle needle and thus to determine the needle closing time, which also has a long Life has.
  • the force or pressure sensor is arranged in a low-pressure region of the fuel injector and at least when closing the nozzle needle directly or indirectly acted upon by an axial force which is proportional to the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber. Further, according to the invention, the force or pressure sensor is axially or indirectly biased by a biasing member relative to a support plate or a housing part.
  • the arrangement of the force or pressure sensor in the low pressure region the load on the sensor is reduced because he is not the high pressure Fuel is exposed. With the lower load, the requirements for sealing the sensor arrangement with respect to the fuel-carrying area also decrease.
  • the proposed electrical connection simplifies the production of a ground connection.
  • the ground connection is preferably produced automatically by placing the sensor element on the ground potential, preferably a housing part or a component of the fuel injector connected to a housing part. A targeted contacting and / or the connection to a line is not required. Thus, a wiring through the injector is largely unnecessary.
  • the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor does not bear directly on the housing part of the injector serving as the ground potential, but on a further component connected to the housing part, this consists of an electrically conductive material.
  • the connection can be made via a contact surface of the sensor element or an electrode formed thereon, the electrode preferably completely covering the contact surface.
  • the electrode may be formed for example in the form of a coating.
  • the electrode then forms the actual contact surface with the ground potential.
  • the contact surface or the electrode serving as a contact surface is formed on an end face of the sensor element facing the nozzle needle in order to avoid cable guides deep into the injector.
  • the additionally proposed axial preload of the force or pressure sensor serves to fix the position of the sensor.
  • the occurrence of mechanical tensile stresses in the sensor is avoided by the axial preload.
  • This is particularly advantageous when the control valve is designed as a solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve For when energizing the solenoid valve during operation of the fuel injector can be applied to the force or pressure sensor, a voltage that would lead at least briefly to the formation of mechanical tensile stresses in the sensor and thus possibly to a destruction of the sensor without axial bias.
  • control valve is designed as a solenoid valve. In this way, a cost-producible fuel injector can be realized.
  • the biasing element is part of the control valve.
  • the control valve comprises a magnetic core, which is axially biased by means of a biasing element.
  • the purpose provided for this biasing element also serves the axial bias of the force or pressure sensor.
  • the biasing element is supported on the one hand on the magnetic core and on the other hand directly or indirectly on the force or pressure sensor.
  • control valve comprises a liftable anchor element, which is axially biased by means of a biasing element.
  • the biasing element serves to restore the anchor element after completion of the energization of the solenoid valve.
  • this biasing element can be used for the axial bias of the force or pressure sensor. Then this biasing element is supported on the one hand on the anchor element and on the other hand directly or indirectly on the force or pressure sensor.
  • the biasing element is designed as a helical compression spring or plate spring.
  • a helical compression spring is used for returning the anchor element, so that this already existing component can be used for axial prestressing of the force or pressure sensor.
  • the biasing element designed as a helical compression spring can also replace a helical compression spring serving to restore the anchor element. It therefore only requires a helical compression spring.
  • the space requirements of the biasing element are minimal, so that such a trained biasing element is particularly suitable for the axial bias of the force or pressure sensor and the magnetic core.
  • the diaphragm spring can be arranged to save space in a room which serves to receive the magnetic core, and be supported on the one hand on the magnetic core, on the other hand directly or indirectly on the force or pressure sensor. If a diaphragm spring is already provided for axially biasing the magnetic core, this can be used to form the biasing element or by a matched to the new requirements plate spring for the axial bias of the force or pressure sensor be replaced.
  • a trained as a helical compression spring or plate spring biasing element can therefore fulfill several functions simultaneously.
  • the force or pressure sensor is acted upon directly or indirectly via an axially displaceable force transmission member of an axial force which is proportional to the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber.
  • the force transmission member may be, for example, an anchor bolt passing through the anchor member.
  • the control chamber or a further pressure chamber communicating with the control chamber in hydraulic connection is delimited by a first end face of the axially displaceable force transmission member, preferably the anchor bolt, while the other end face bears directly or indirectly against the force or pressure sensor.
  • the further pressure chamber which is in hydraulic communication with the control chamber, can be, for example, a valve chamber of the control valve, in which, with the control valve closed, a hydraulic pressure corresponding to the control chamber pressure prevails.
  • the force transmission member or the anchor bolt and the nozzle needle are thus hydraulically coupled via the pressure chambers, so that the lifting movement of the nozzle needle causes a stroke movement of the force transmission member or the anchor bolt. Due to the direct or indirect support of the force transmission member or the anchor bolt on the force or pressure sensor, this is acted upon by an axial force, which in the closed control valve, i. during the entire closing process of the nozzle needle, is proportional to the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber. Since the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber has a significant minimum at the time of needle closure, the signal output by the force or pressure sensor will also have a significant feature, thus indicating the needle closing time.
  • a force distribution plate is arranged between the force or pressure sensor and the force transmission member or the anchor bolt ,
  • the biasing member for axially biasing the force or pressure sensor is preferably indirectly across the force distribution plate supported on the force or pressure sensor.
  • the biasing element can then also be used for fixing the position of the force distribution plate.
  • the force distribution plate may be connected via a membrane with the housing of the injector, which serves to seal the sensor against the fuel-filled low-pressure space.
  • the in the Fig. 1a and 1 b shown known Kraftstoffinjektor has a in a high-pressure bore 14 of a nozzle body 15 hubbeweglich guided nozzle needle 1, which is acted upon via a valve piston 19 with a closing force.
  • the valve piston 19 is received with its end facing away from the nozzle needle 1 in a valve member 24 and guided there liftable.
  • the valve piece 24 is in turn received in an injector body 16.
  • a control chamber 3 is limited by the valve piston 19, in which a hydraulic pressure prevails, which the valve piston 19 and the nozzle needle 1 is acted upon by a force acting in the closing direction.
  • the control chamber 3 is connected via an inlet throttle 20 with a fuel feed line 17 and connected via a discharge throttle 21 and a valve chamber 22 of the control valve 2 with a low pressure region 6, so that the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber 3 in response to the respective switching position of the control valve 2 is variable ,
  • the supplied via the supply line 17 under high pressure fuel is removed from a high-pressure accumulator 18.
  • the fuel is then supplied to at least one injection opening 5 when the nozzle needle 1 is open.
  • Fig. 1 b shown in detail and designed as a solenoid valve control valve 2 of the injector Fig. 1a comprises a coil 25 and a magnetic core 9 comprising electromagnet, cooperating with the coil 25 hubbeweglichem anchor element 10 and an anchor bolt 12 at least partially received therein.
  • the anchor bolt 12 is acted upon at its lower end face with the pressure prevailing in the valve chamber 22 hydraulic pressure. This hydraulic pressure corresponds in the closed state of the control valve 2 to the hydraulic pressure in the control chamber 3, since the valve chamber 22 is connected via the outlet throttle 21 to the control chamber 3 in hydraulic communication.
  • With its upper end face of the anchor bolt 12 is supported on a housing part 26 of the injector.
  • the liftable anchor element 10 In the idle state, that is, when the coil 25 is de-energized, the liftable anchor element 10 is pressed by a biasing element 7 in the form of a helical compression spring against a valve seat 23 of the valve member 24.
  • a further biasing element 7 On the housing part 26, a further biasing element 7 is supported in the form of a plate spring. This serves to fix the position of a magnetic core 9, which surrounds the coil 25.
  • the magnetic core 9 is for this purpose further supported on an annular shoulder 27 of a receiving housing part 28.
  • a force or pressure sensor 4 recorded for needle closing timing detection.
  • the force or pressure sensor 4 has at least one sensor element made of a piezoelectric material (not shown).
  • the lifting movement of the nozzle needle 1 influences the pressure in the control chamber 3 and thus acting on the anchor bolt 12 and the force or pressure sensor 4 Force.
  • the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor 4 then outputs a signal to a control unit (not shown), which then evaluates it.
  • the sensor When using a working according to a piezoelectric operating principle sensor element, the sensor is compressed and generates a charge which is substantially proportional to the force acting on the force or pressure sensor 4 force.
  • a voltage is applied to the sensor element and degraded again. This can at least temporarily lead to the formation of mechanical tensile stresses in the sensor element.
  • the sensor element can be destroyed here. To prevent this, the sensor element according to the invention is acted upon by a biasing element 7 with a biasing force generating compressive stresses.
  • the biasing element 7 is designed as a helical compression spring, which rests directly on the force or pressure sensor 4.
  • the biasing element 7 designed as a helical compression spring can furthermore be supported on the anchor element 10 of the control valve 2 in such a way that it effects a return of the anchor element 10 when the current to the coil 25 is stopped.
  • the biasing member 7 for the axial bias of the force or pressure sensor 4 may therefore replace an armature spring or such an armature spring may optionally be used as a biasing element 7 after slight modification.
  • FIG. 2b A modification of the embodiment of Fig. 2a is in the Fig. 2b shown.
  • the biasing member 7 is formed as a plate spring, which in turn is supported directly on the force or pressure sensor 4. With its other end, the plate spring can be supported on the magnetic core 9 of the control valve 2 and therefore at the same time serve for the axial bias of the magnetic core 9.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b Further preferred embodiments of the invention are in the Fig. 3a and 3b shown.
  • a force distribution plate 13 is disposed between the power transmission member 11 and the anchor bolt 12 and the force or pressure sensor 4. The power transmission member 11 and the anchor bolt 12 is therefore not directly on the force or pressure sensor 4 on.
  • the biasing member 7 is not directly but indirectly supported via the force distribution plate 13 on the force or pressure sensor 4.
  • the biasing element 7 can turn as a helical compression spring ( Fig. 3a ) or as a disc spring ( Fig. 3b ) be formed. Regardless of the specific embodiment, the biasing element 7 also serves to fix the position of the force distribution plate 13, so that the biasing element 7 performs several functions.
  • the biasing element 7, in turn, depending on the design as a helical compression spring or as a plate spring can be used as an anchor spring or for axial prestressing of the magnetic core 9. In that regard, even existing components - possibly after minor modification - can be used as a biasing element 7. This has a particularly favorable effect on the production costs of a fuel injector according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour l'injection de carburant dans la chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un pointeau de buse (1) à mouvement de course, dont le mouvement de course permet de libérer ou de fermer au moins une ouverture d'injection (5), et une soupape de commande (2) pour la commande du mouvement de course du pointeau de buse (1) en ce qu'une pression hydraulique sollicitant le pointeau de buse (1) dans la direction de fermeture dans un espace de commande (3) est modifiée en fonction de la position de commutation respective de la soupape de commande (2), et un capteur de force ou de pression (4) avec au moins un élément de capteur en un matériau piézoélectrique pour détecter des variations de pression caractéristiques lors de l'ouverture et de la fermeture du pointeau de buse, le capteur de force ou de pression (4) étant disposé dans une région basse pression (6) de l'injecteur de carburant et, au moins lors de la fermeture du pointeau de buse (2), pouvant être sollicité directement ou indirectement avec une force axiale qui est proportionnelle à la pression hydraulique dans l'espace de commande (3), le capteur de force .ou de pression (4) étant en outre précontraint axialement directement ou indirectement par un élément de précontrainte (7) contre une plaque d'appui (8) ou une partie du boîtier (26), caractérisé en ce que la soupape de commande (2) est réalisée sous forme d'électrovanne et l'élément de précontrainte (7) fait partie de la soupape de commande (2), la soupape de commande (2) comprenant un noyau magnétique (9) qui est précontraint axialement au moyen de l'élément de précontrainte (7).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la soupape de commande (2) comprend un élément d'induit (10) mobile axialement qui est précontraint axialement au moyen d'un élément de précontrainte (7).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de précontrainte (7) est réalisé sous forme de ressort de compression hélicoïdal ou de ressort Belleville.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le capteur de force ou de pression (4) peut être sollicité directement ou indirectement, par le biais d'un organe de transfert de force déplaçable axialement (11), par une force axiale qui est proportionnelle à la pression hydraulique dans l'espace de commande (3) .
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que l'organe de transfert de force (11) est un goujon d'induit (12) traversant l'élément d'induit (10).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé en ce qu'entre l'organe de transfert de force (11) et le capteur de force ou de pression (4) est disposée une plaque de répartition de force (13).
EP12714655.3A 2011-04-07 2012-04-05 Injecteur de carburant Active EP2694795B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011006975 2011-04-07
DE102011078953A DE102011078953A1 (de) 2011-04-07 2011-07-11 Kraftstoffinjektor
PCT/EP2012/056286 WO2012136767A1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-04-05 Injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2694795A1 EP2694795A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
EP2694795B1 true EP2694795B1 (fr) 2015-07-01

Family

ID=46875237

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12706532.4A Active EP2694794B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-02-22 Injecteur de carburant
EP12714655.3A Active EP2694795B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-04-05 Injecteur de carburant

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12706532.4A Active EP2694794B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-02-22 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20140027534A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2694794B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6265884B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN103477063B (fr)
DE (2) DE102011078947A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2012136406A1 (fr)

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DE102012223244A1 (de) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102013220032A1 (de) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kraftstoffinjektors
DE102014219973B4 (de) * 2013-10-04 2021-04-29 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Kraftstoffhochdruckanordnung
DE102014204098A1 (de) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung eines Common-Rail-Injektors
GB2530738A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-06 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Method of controlling an injection dwell time between two injections of a fuel injector
DE102015217645A1 (de) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Einspritzanlage
DE102015222246A1 (de) 2015-11-11 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Prüfvorrichtung für die Dauerprüfung von Kraftsensoren
CN107387283B (zh) * 2017-08-28 2023-08-11 机科发展科技股份有限公司 共轨喷油器衬环选配及衔铁升程测量装置
IT201900006428A1 (it) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Omt Digital S R L Procedimento per il monitoraggio di un iniettore common-rail per grandi motori diesel e dual-fuel e iniettore configurato per implementare tale procedimento
IT201900006429A1 (it) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Omt Digital S R L Sensore per la diagnostica non invasiva di sistemi idraulici ad alta pressione, in particolare di sistemi di iniezione di combustibile, e sistema idraulico comprendente tale sensore
RU2731155C1 (ru) * 2019-07-05 2020-08-31 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский политехнический университет" (Московский Политех) Форсунка с электрогидравлическим управлением
DE102021108839A1 (de) 2021-04-09 2022-10-13 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Drucksensoranordnung für einen hydraulischer Aktor mit einem über eine Federeinrichtung fixierten Drucksensor

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2014510233A (ja) 2014-04-24
WO2012136767A1 (fr) 2012-10-11
CN103459820A (zh) 2013-12-18
CN103477063A (zh) 2013-12-25
JP6265884B2 (ja) 2018-01-24
DE102011078947A1 (de) 2012-10-11
EP2694794A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
CN103477063B (zh) 2018-03-13
EP2694795A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
US20140027534A1 (en) 2014-01-30
DE102011078953A1 (de) 2012-10-11
CN103459820B (zh) 2017-02-15
WO2012136406A1 (fr) 2012-10-11
EP2694794B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

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