EP2694794B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2694794B1
EP2694794B1 EP12706532.4A EP12706532A EP2694794B1 EP 2694794 B1 EP2694794 B1 EP 2694794B1 EP 12706532 A EP12706532 A EP 12706532A EP 2694794 B1 EP2694794 B1 EP 2694794B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
force
fuel injector
pressure
sensor
pressure sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12706532.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2694794A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Stoecklein
Bernd Berghaenel
Marco Beier
Changyi Wang
Holger Rapp
Helmut Clauss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2694794A1 publication Critical patent/EP2694794A1/fr
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Publication of EP2694794B1 publication Critical patent/EP2694794B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/244—Force sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for a fuel injection system, in particular a common rail injection system, for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fuel injectors of the abovementioned type have a nozzle needle which can be moved in a high-pressure bore, via the lifting movement of which at least one injection opening can be opened and closed.
  • the opening stroke of the nozzle needle is effected via a discharge of a control chamber, in which a control pressure is applied, which acts on the nozzle needle with a force acting in the closing direction.
  • the injected fuel quantity depends on the injection pressure and the opening duration of the nozzle needle. Due to wear, however, the operating behavior of the fuel injector can change over the service life, so that it is necessary to adapt the control parameters.
  • a device for determining a performance of an injection valve of an injection system of an internal combustion engine which comprises a piezo film sensor which can be used to determine the closing time of the injection valve in the injection valve.
  • the piezo film sensor By means of the piezo film sensor, the impact of the valve needle on the valve seat is advantageously determined. In this way it can be detected whether a predicted time corresponds to the actual time of the stop of the valve needle on the valve seat. If a deviation is detected, the control parameters of a control device of the injection system can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the striking of the valve needle on the valve seat is preferably detected by an external force on the piezo film sensor.
  • the external force causes a deformation and concomitantly a change in the charge density of the piezoelectric material, so that a voltage generated between two electrodes arranged on the piezoelectric material can be tapped off as a signal. Since the piezo film sensor for signal generation requires no supply voltage and the signals can therefore be tapped directly without charge amplifier, it requires only a ground and a signal line for tapping the signal. The signal is then preferably forwarded to an evaluation unit connected to the piezo film sensor.
  • the DE102009002895 A1 discloses a fuel injector having a force or pressure sensor which is beauchlagbar by a liftable anchor bolt with an axial force which is proportional to a control chamber pressure.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a fuel injector with a force or pressure sensor for determining the Nadelsch spazeitifs, which is simple and inexpensive to produce.
  • the fuel injector should have a low-cost electrical connection of the force or pressure sensor.
  • the proposed fuel injector includes a nozzle needle, which is liftably guided in a high-pressure bore of the fuel injector, at least one injection opening can be opened and closed via its lifting movement, and a force or pressure sensor with at least one sensor element made of a piezoelectric material for detecting characteristic pressure changes during opening and closing of the nozzle needle.
  • the force or pressure sensor is arranged in a low pressure region of the fuel injector and when opening and closing the nozzle needle directly or indirectly acted upon by an axial force F A , which is proportional to the control chamber pressure in a control room.
  • the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor is also electrically connected via at least one contact surface or an electrode formed thereon for producing a ground connection directly or indirectly with a housing part of the fuel injector.
  • the arrangement of the force or pressure sensor in the low pressure region the load of the sensor is reduced because it is not exposed to the high pressure fuel. With the lower load, the requirements for sealing the sensor arrangement with respect to the fuel-carrying area also decrease.
  • the moreover proposed electrical connection simplifies the production of a ground connection.
  • the ground connection is produced automatically by placing the sensor element on the ground potential, preferably a housing part or a component of the fuel injector connected to a housing part. A targeted contacting and / or the connection to a line is not required. Thus, a wiring through the injector is largely unnecessary.
  • the sensor element of the force or pressure sensor does not bear directly on the housing part of the injector serving as the ground potential, but on a further component connected to the housing part, this consists of an electrically conductive material.
  • the connection can be made via a contact surface of the sensor element or an electrode formed thereon, wherein the electrode preferably completely covers the contact surface.
  • the electrode may be formed for example in the form of a coating.
  • the electrode then forms the actual contact surface with the ground potential.
  • the contact surface or the electrode serving as a contact surface is formed on an end face of the sensor element facing the nozzle needle in order to avoid cable guides deep into the injector.
  • the sensor element is connected via a targeted contacting to a signal line.
  • the targeted contacting is preferably carried out in the region of electrical insulation, which electrically isolates the sensor element from the environment.
  • the leading into the injector lines are then preferably limited to this one signal line.
  • the force or pressure sensor comprises at least two sensor elements which are preferably placed against one another in such a way that contact surfaces of the same polarization face one another.
  • the contact surfaces may in turn comprise electrodes which then have to be electrically insulated from one another.
  • the electrical insulation can However, omitted if the contact surfaces of the same polarization lie directly on each other and merge in this way to form an electrode.
  • the second sensor element is preferably designed in accordance with the first sensor element and has a contact surface facing the housing part or an electrode formed thereon for producing a ground connection. This allows a two-sided ground connection of the two sensor elements comprehensive force or pressure sensor, which makes a complicated electrical insulation of the sensor elements to the environment unnecessary.
  • the interconnection of two sensor elements also has the advantage that the sensitivity of the sensor is increased.
  • the sensor element has a multilayer structure and comprises at least one first and one second layer, which are preferably oppositely polarized. This means that contact areas of the same polarization face each other in the contact area of both layers.
  • the multi-layered training simplifies the production of the force or pressure sensor, since it no longer requires connection of the individual sensor elements. In addition, eliminates electrical insulation between the sensor elements completely.
  • the targeted contacting for the connection to the signal line in the contact region of two sensor elements or in the contact region of two layers takes place.
  • the conduction paths for the signal line can be shortened.
  • the force or pressure sensor via a liftable anchor bolt of a solenoid valve, which serves to control the nozzle needle, indirectly acted upon by a force distribution plate with the axial force F A , which is proportional to the control chamber pressure in the control room.
  • the anchor bolt is acted upon at its lower end face with the valve chamber pressure, which corresponds to the control chamber pressure when the solenoid valve is closed.
  • the nozzle needle is coupled, so that the lifting movement of the nozzle needle causes a lifting movement of the anchor bolt.
  • the force or pressure sensor is biased in the period of interest with the force p st * ⁇ * d 2/4 , where p st is the control pressure in the control chamber and d is the diameter of the anchor bolt. Since the control pressure at the time of needle closure has a significant minimum, the signal output by the force or pressure sensor will also have a significant characteristic.
  • the force distribution plate for introducing the axial force F A is axially biased into the force or pressure sensor by means of a biasing element against the force or pressure sensor. Thereby, an unwanted change in position of the force distribution plate can be prevented.
  • the in the Fig. 1a and 1b shown known Kraftstoffinjektor has a in a high-pressure bore 1 of a nozzle body 21 hubbeweglich guided nozzle needle 2, which is acted upon via a valve piston 27 with a closing force.
  • the valve piston 27 is received with its end facing away from the nozzle needle 2 in a valve piece 26 and guided there liftable.
  • the valve piece 26 is in turn received in an injector body 22.
  • a control chamber 7 is limited by the valve piston 27, in which a hydraulic pressure prevails, which acts on the valve piston 27 and the nozzle needle 2 with a force acting in the closing direction.
  • the control chamber 7 is connected via an inlet throttle 28 with a fuel supply line 23 and via a discharge throttle 29 with a low pressure region 6, so that the hydraulic pressure and the valve piston movement in response to the switching position of the solenoid valve 16 are variable.
  • the supplied via the supply line 23 under high pressure fuel is removed from a high-pressure accumulator 24.
  • the fuel is then supplied to at least one injection opening 3 when the nozzle needle 2 is open.
  • solenoid valve 16 of the injector Fig. 1a has a cooperable with a coil 20 liftable armature 19 and an anchor bolt 15 at least partially received therein.
  • the anchor bolt 15 is acted upon at its lower end face with a pressure prevailing in a valve chamber 32 pressure. This pressure corresponds in the closed state of the solenoid valve 16 to the pressure in the control chamber 7.
  • With its upper end face of the anchor bolt 15 is supported on a housing part 12 of the injector. In the idle state (de-energized), the armature 19 is pressed by a compression spring 30 against its valve seat 34.
  • the section of the fuel injector shown in the region of the solenoid valve 16 according to the invention Fig. 2 Unlike the injector Fig. 1a and 1b a arranged in the low pressure region 6 force or pressure sensor 4 for Nadelsch thoroughlyzeitticianerkennung on.
  • the anchor bolt 15 is also supported indirectly via a force distribution plate 17 on the force or pressure sensor 4.
  • a change in the pressure in the control chamber 7 causes when the solenoid valve 16 is closed, a change in the force acting on the anchor bolt 15 and thus on the force or pressure sensor 4 axial force F A.
  • a biasing member 25 for fixing the position of a magnetic core 31 of the solenoid valve 16 is provided.
  • the force or pressure sensor 4 comprises at least one sensor element 5 made of a piezoelectric material with a contact surface 9 or an electrode 10 formed thereon Forming a first ground connection 11 rests against the force distribution plate 17.
  • the force distribution plate 17 is in turn electrically connected to the surrounding housing part 12 (see Fig. 3a . 4a and 5a ).
  • the biasing member 25 for fixing the position of the magnetic core 31 or the coil 20 and the compression spring 30 is also used in these examples for the axial bias of the force distribution plate 17.
  • a bias may be effected via the compression spring 30, the biasing member 25 for the magnetic core 31, an unillustrated additional biasing member, or any combinations thereof.
  • the contact surface 9 or the electrode 10 formed thereon bears directly against the force distribution plate 17 for producing a ground connection 11.
  • the contact surface 9 opposite contact surface or formed thereon electrode 10 may, however, have no connection to the housing part 12, otherwise the sensor element 5 is electrically short-circuited.
  • an electrical insulation 8 is provided between the electrode 10 and the housing part 12.
  • the electrical connection of the force or pressure sensor 4 to the injector requires no lines.
  • the electrical connection is considerably simplified.
  • the electrical contact 13 can also serve the connection with one of the two coil pins of the solenoid valve 16, so that no separate connections between the force or pressure sensor 4 and a control device (not shown) are required. All connections are therefore injector-internal.
  • the Fig. 4a and 4 b shows an embodiment with a force or pressure sensor 4, which includes two sensor elements 5.
  • the sensor elements 5 abut one another in such a way that the contact surfaces 9 of the same polarity or the electrodes 10 formed thereon lie opposite one another.
  • the targeted contacting 13 takes place in the region of a center electrode 33, which is arranged between the two mutually facing electrodes 10.
  • the polarization 18 of the two sensor elements 5 is shown by means of an arrow (see Fig. 4b ).
  • the sensor element 5 may also have a multilayer structure, wherein the first layer 5.1 the first sensor element 5 and the second layer 5.2 the second sensor element 5 according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG Fig. 4b replaced.
  • the two mutually facing electrodes 10 then merge into an electrode 10 which is integral with the sensor element 5 and is connected to a signal line 14 via a targeted contacting 13.
  • the force or pressure sensor of the embodiment of Fig. 5a and 5b comprises a sensor element 5, which consists of two oppositely polarized piezoelectric layers 5. 1, 5.2. In the contact region of both layers 5.1, 5.2, a first internal electrode is formed. Two more outboard Electrodes are formed over the voltage applied to the contact surfaces 9 surfaces of the force distribution plate 17 and the housing part 12, so that a separate formation of electrodes 10 on the Stirnflcähen the sensor element 5 is dispensable.
  • the outwardly facing contact surface 9 of the first layer 5.1 is for this purpose directly on the housing part 12 and the corresponding contact surface 9 of the second layer 5.2 directly to the force distribution plate 17 at. Lines for electrical connection of the sensor element 5 are thus unnecessary.
  • only the targeted contacting 13 is required in order to connect the sensor element 5 to the signal line 14. The contacting and isolation effort can thus be reduced to a minimum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour un système d'injection de carburant, en particulier un système d'injection à rampe commune, comprenant une aiguille d'injecteur (2) guidée suivant une course de déplacement dans un alésage haute pression (1) de l'injecteur de carburant, dont la course de déplacement permet d'ouvrir et de fermer au moins une ouverture d'injection (3), ainsi qu'un capteur de force ou de pression (4) avec au moins un élément de capteur (5) en matériau piézoélectrique pour détecter des variations de pression caractéristiques lors de l'ouverture et de la fermeture de l'aiguille d'injecteur (2), le capteur de force ou de pression (4) étant disposé dans une région basse pression (6) de l'injecteur de carburant et, lors de l'ouverture et de la fermeture de l'aiguille d'injecteur (2), pouvant être sollicité indirectement par le biais d'un boulon d'induit (15) à course de déplacement d'une électrovanne (16), qui sert à piloter l'aiguille d'injecteur (2), et d'une plaque de distribution de force (17), avec une force axiale (FA) qui est proportionnelle à la pression d'espace de commande dans un espace de commande (7), la pression d'espace de commande sollicitant l'aiguille d'injecteur (2) avec une force agissant dans la direction de fermeture, et que l'élément de capteur (5) du capteur de force ou de pression (4) est connecté électriquement directement ou indirectement à une partie de boîtier (12) de l'injecteur de carburant par le biais d'au moins une surface de contact (9) ou d'une électrode (10) réalisée sur celle-ci, pour établir une connexion à la masse (11), et l'électrovanne (16) comprenant un induit (19) à course de déplacement coopérant avec une bobine (20), qui est pressé par le ressort de compression (30) contre un siège de soupape (34) et qui reçoit au moins en partie le boulon d'induit (15), le ressort de compression (30) sollicitant axialement la plaque de distribution de force (17) contre le capteur de force ou de pression (4).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de capteur (5) est connecté par le biais d'un contact dédié (13), de préférence dans la région d'une isolation électrique (8), à une conduite de signal (14).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le capteur de force ou de pression (4) comprend au moins deux éléments de capteurs (5) qui sont appliqués l'un contre l'autre de préférence de telle sorte que des surfaces de contact de même polarisation (18) soient en regard l'une de l'autre.
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de capteur (5) est construit sous forme multicouche et comprend au moins une première et une deuxième couche (5.1, 5.2) qui sont de préférence polarisées en sens inverse.
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le contact dédié (13) pour la connexion à la conduite de signal (14) se produit dans la région de contact de deux éléments de capteurs (5) ou dans la région de contact de deux couches (5.1, 5.2).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de distribution de force (17) est en outre précontrainte axialement au moyen d'un élément de précontrainte (25) contre le capteur de force ou de pression (4).
EP12706532.4A 2011-04-07 2012-02-22 Injecteur de carburant Active EP2694794B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011006975 2011-04-07
DE102011078947A DE102011078947A1 (de) 2011-04-07 2011-07-11 Kraftstoffinjektor
PCT/EP2012/052990 WO2012136406A1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-02-22 Injecteur de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2694794A1 EP2694794A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
EP2694794B1 true EP2694794B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

Family

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12706532.4A Active EP2694794B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-02-22 Injecteur de carburant
EP12714655.3A Active EP2694795B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-04-05 Injecteur de carburant

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12714655.3A Active EP2694795B1 (fr) 2011-04-07 2012-04-05 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20140027534A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP2694794B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6265884B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN103477063B (fr)
DE (2) DE102011078953A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2012136406A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012223244A1 (de) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102013220032A1 (de) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kraftstoffinjektors
DE102014219973B4 (de) * 2013-10-04 2021-04-29 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Kraftstoffhochdruckanordnung
DE102014204098A1 (de) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung eines Common-Rail-Injektors
GB2530738A (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-04-06 Gm Global Tech Operations Inc Method of controlling an injection dwell time between two injections of a fuel injector
DE102015217645A1 (de) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Einspritzanlage
DE102015222246A1 (de) 2015-11-11 2017-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Prüfvorrichtung für die Dauerprüfung von Kraftsensoren
CN107387283B (zh) * 2017-08-28 2023-08-11 机科发展科技股份有限公司 共轨喷油器衬环选配及衔铁升程测量装置
IT201900006428A1 (it) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Omt Digital S R L Procedimento per il monitoraggio di un iniettore common-rail per grandi motori diesel e dual-fuel e iniettore configurato per implementare tale procedimento
IT201900006429A1 (it) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Omt Digital S R L Sensore per la diagnostica non invasiva di sistemi idraulici ad alta pressione, in particolare di sistemi di iniezione di combustibile, e sistema idraulico comprendente tale sensore
RU2731155C1 (ru) * 2019-07-05 2020-08-31 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский политехнический университет" (Московский Политех) Форсунка с электрогидравлическим управлением
DE102021108839A1 (de) 2021-04-09 2022-10-13 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Drucksensoranordnung für einen hydraulischer Aktor mit einem über eine Federeinrichtung fixierten Drucksensor

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US20070277618A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Dietmar Kroeger Piezoelectric sensor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4662564A (en) * 1984-05-15 1987-05-05 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Fuel injection nozzle with timing sensor
US20070277618A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Dietmar Kroeger Piezoelectric sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012136406A1 (fr) 2012-10-11
DE102011078947A1 (de) 2012-10-11
JP6265884B2 (ja) 2018-01-24
CN103459820A (zh) 2013-12-18
EP2694795A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
US20140027534A1 (en) 2014-01-30
CN103477063B (zh) 2018-03-13
CN103477063A (zh) 2013-12-25
JP2014510233A (ja) 2014-04-24
DE102011078953A1 (de) 2012-10-11
EP2694795B1 (fr) 2015-07-01
EP2694794A1 (fr) 2014-02-12
CN103459820B (zh) 2017-02-15
WO2012136767A1 (fr) 2012-10-11

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