EP2691578B1 - Ouvrages en sol renforcé - Google Patents

Ouvrages en sol renforcé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2691578B1
EP2691578B1 EP12718285.5A EP12718285A EP2691578B1 EP 2691578 B1 EP2691578 B1 EP 2691578B1 EP 12718285 A EP12718285 A EP 12718285A EP 2691578 B1 EP2691578 B1 EP 2691578B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchoring
stabilization
stabilization element
attachment
elbow portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12718285.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2691578A2 (fr
Inventor
Nicolas Freitag
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Terre Armee Internationale
Original Assignee
Terre Armee Internationale
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Terre Armee Internationale filed Critical Terre Armee Internationale
Priority to PL12718285T priority Critical patent/PL2691578T3/pl
Publication of EP2691578A2 publication Critical patent/EP2691578A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2691578B1 publication Critical patent/EP2691578B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reinforced soil structures and methods of building structures in reinforced soil.
  • These structures traditionally comprise a facing, a fill that fills a rear side of the facing, stabilizing elements distributed in the embankment to mechanically stabilize and a connection system between the stabilizing elements and the facing.
  • the facing is for example made from prefabricated concrete elements in the form of slabs or blocks, said prefabricated elements being juxtaposed to cover the front face of the structure.
  • a work thus produced is known in particular under the commercial reference TerraClass ® of the company TERRE ARMEE INTERNATIONAL.
  • the facing may also be made from a grid, in particular consisting of metal rods welded together.
  • a siding may comprise a geotextile and may be vegetated.
  • a work thus produced is known in particular under the trade name TerraTrel ® of the company TERRE ARMEE INTERNATIONAL.
  • stabilizing elements can be used in such structures in reinforced soil.
  • Some structures include metallic stabilizing elements including galvanized steel bars. It is also possible to use stabilizing elements such as stabilizing strips made of synthetic material, for example based on polymer fibers.
  • the stabilizing elements are placed in the soil with a density depending on the constraints practice on the structure, the thrust forces of the ground being taken up by the friction soil / stabilizing element.
  • the stabilizing elements are attached to the facing and / or to a wall located at a distance from the facing.
  • Metal stabilizing elements are often considered advantageous in terms of mechanical efficiency and may consist of metal bars welded together to form, for example, a ladder or a lattice.
  • a ladder-shaped stabilizing element generally consists of two substantially parallel metal rods each constituting a longitudinal portion and transverse rods which connect the longitudinal rods together to provide rigidity to the assembly.
  • a stabilization element resembling a ladder is thus formed.
  • one end of the stabilizing element comprises a fastening means to the facing.
  • the two ends of the longitudinal rods are connected by a flat and pierced piece.
  • the pierced portion of said piece is intended to receive means of connection with the facing.
  • This solution has many advantages including a single connection point for imposing a deviation of the stabilizing element relative to the perpendicular to the facing and a balance of the tensions ensured between the two longitudinal rods.
  • hairpin scales have the advantage of being constituted only by a longitudinal rod arched hairpin thus reducing the mechanical weaknesses in the bond with the facing.
  • this type of ladder when connected to the facing with a bolt or a pin, it remains a longitudinal play. This longitudinal clearance can lead to different voltages in the different scales connected to the same facing element and have an impact on the safety and / or the cost of these elements.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and in particular to provide a stabilizing element that does not have the disadvantages of the stabilizing elements of the prior art.
  • the longitudinal displacements of the stabilizing element are limited, thus increasing the reliability of the reinforced soil structure according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a stabilizing element able to stabilize a structure in reinforced soil according to the invention, comprising at least two longitudinal parts interconnected in continuity of material by a bent portion, said bent portion being limited by a constriction of said longitudinal portions, said constriction forming with said bent portion an anchor space can receive a fixing element so as to limit the movements of the stabilizing element in any direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing element, in which transverse parts connect the longitudinal parts together.
  • the anchoring space and the fixing element being shaped so as to limit the movements of the stabilizing element in any direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing element.
  • the figure 1 represents a reinforced soil structure according to a first embodiment.
  • This reinforced soil structure may be a retaining wall on reinforced soil.
  • the reinforced soil structure represented at figure 1 comprises an embankment 1, siding 4 placed along the front face of the structure and stabilizing elements 2.
  • the stabilizing elements for use in structures reinforced soil according to the invention generally comprise longitudinal portions, elongated. Their length can be between about one meter and several meters.
  • the parts longitudinal stabilizing elements can be arranged one by one in the ground or be assembled together by different means.
  • the width and the thickness of these longitudinal parts are of the order of a centimeter and generally do not exceed ten centimeters.
  • the spacing between the longitudinal parts is of the order of ten centimeters, between a few centimeters and a few decimetres.
  • the longitudinal portions may be arranged substantially parallel or be arranged with an angle.
  • the longitudinal portions of the stabilizing elements are arranged in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the stabilizing elements 2 may comprise transverse portions 22 interconnecting the longitudinal portions.
  • the transverse portions 22 may be welded to the longitudinal portions or may be movably attached.
  • each of the ends of the transverse parts may be provided with hooks whose ends are directed towards the inside of the transverse parts.
  • transverse is meant a portion of a stabilizing element that connects two longitudinal portions to one another. Such transverse parts are for example made of bars.
  • the transverse portions are arranged to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal portions or at an angle to the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal portions.
  • transverse bars may be distributed over the entire length of the longitudinal rods, and in particular spaced regularly. For example, spacing between two transverse rods is of the order of a few tens of centimeters for a ladder-shaped stabilizing element. They can substantially cover the length between the longitudinal portions or be extended beyond the longitudinal portions for a distance.
  • the metal bars used for such stabilizing elements are generally steel bars. They are often cylindrical and their diameter is generally of the order of a centimeter. These rods are advantageously used because their cost is moderate.
  • the reinforced soil structure also comprises anchoring elements 6.
  • Each anchoring element comprising a projecting element 8 projecting from the internal face 7 of the structure and a fastening element 10.
  • the cladding 4 may be substantially vertical as illustrated on the figure 1 and comprises a front face 5 substantially coinciding with the front face of the structure and a rear face located opposite the front surface, said rear face being substantially merged with an inner face 7 of the structure.
  • the stabilizing element 2 comprises two longitudinal parts 14 and 16 interconnected in continuity of material by a bent portion 18.
  • Said bent portion 18 is limited by a constriction 20 of said longitudinal portions.
  • the constriction 20 forms with the angled portion 18 an anchoring space adapted to receive the fastening element 10 of the anchoring element 6.
  • the anchoring space can have a keyhole shape.
  • the stabilizing element 2 is anchored to the internal face 7 of the structure by arranging the fastening element 10 of the anchoring element 6 in the anchoring space of the stabilizing element 2.
  • the anchoring space and the fixing element are shaped so as to limit the movements of the stabilizing element substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing element.
  • the stabilizing and fixing elements are chosen so that the dimensions in the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing element of the anchoring space of the stabilizing element and the fixing element of the anchoring element are substantially identical.
  • the stabilizing element has no play or the possibility of displacement in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the stabilizing element.
  • the stabilizing element 2 is shaped so that at the throat 20, a space is maintained between the two longitudinal parts of the stabilizing element.
  • this absence of contact or the existence of this space between the two longitudinal parts of the stabilizing element makes it possible to prevent the deposition of zinc drops during the galvanization steps of the stabilizing elements.
  • the medium in which the duration of use of the reinforced soil structure can be long for example be between 10 and 120 years, it may be necessary to galvanize the stabilizing elements before disposing in the book .
  • the projecting element 8 of the anchoring element 6 has the shape of a plate extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the inner face 7 of the structure.
  • the fastening element 10 may be in continuity with the protruding element 8 or may be an insert which fits into a hole previously pierced in the projecting element 8.
  • the fastener 10 may be a bolt or pin.
  • the anchoring element 6 may comprise two projecting elements in the form of plates comprising matching holes.
  • the two plates extend in planes substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the internal face of the structure.
  • the stabilizing element 2 may comprise a flattening at the anchoring space.
  • the anchoring element comprises two salient elements in the form of plates comprising matching holes.
  • the stabilizing element is disposed between the two plates of the anchoring element so that the anchoring zone is in contact with said plates.
  • the stabilizing element may be arranged so that said planarization is at least partly in contact with said plate .
  • the contact between the planarization at the anchoring space of the stabilizing element and the projecting element makes it possible to reduce or cancel the penetration of corrosion into the stabilization element at the location of this contact.
  • the invention is not limited by the shape of the anchoring element, in particular the anchoring element may comprise two L-shaped plates projecting from the internal face of the structure or a plate pear shaped as illustrated on the figure 3 .
  • the facing may be made based on wire mesh on which the anchoring element 6 is fixed.
  • the reinforced soil structure according to the invention may be a reinforced soil structure in front of a pre-existing wall.
  • the wall may represent an internal face of the structure in reinforced soil and include anchoring elements 32 projecting from said wall.
  • the anchoring elements and the stabilizing elements may be in accordance with those described with respect to the previously described embodiments.
  • the stabilizing elements can be anchored to several internal faces of the structure.
  • the stabilizing elements can be anchored to the inner face defined by the facing and the inner face defined by the wall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
EP12718285.5A 2011-03-30 2012-03-30 Ouvrages en sol renforcé Not-in-force EP2691578B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12718285T PL2691578T3 (pl) 2011-03-30 2012-03-30 Budowle z gruntu zbrojonego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1152639A FR2973401B1 (fr) 2011-03-30 2011-03-30 Ouvrages en sol renforce
PCT/FR2012/050694 WO2012131273A2 (fr) 2011-03-30 2012-03-30 Ouvrages en sol renforcé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2691578A2 EP2691578A2 (fr) 2014-02-05
EP2691578B1 true EP2691578B1 (fr) 2015-03-04

Family

ID=46025773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12718285.5A Not-in-force EP2691578B1 (fr) 2011-03-30 2012-03-30 Ouvrages en sol renforcé

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US8979437B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2691578B1 (es)
JP (1) JP6018170B2 (es)
AU (1) AU2012236049B2 (es)
BR (1) BR112013024808A2 (es)
CA (1) CA2830331A1 (es)
ES (1) ES2534381T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2973401B1 (es)
MX (1) MX338398B (es)
MY (1) MY166672A (es)
PL (1) PL2691578T3 (es)
RU (1) RU2597894C2 (es)
WO (1) WO2012131273A2 (es)
ZA (1) ZA201307290B (es)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6476483B2 (ja) * 2014-02-20 2019-03-06 フリー工業株式会社 盛土用抵抗体と盛土構造物の構築方法
WO2019079421A1 (en) * 2017-10-18 2019-04-25 Tetra Tech, Inc. VERTICAL MANHOLE APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ACCESSING LIXIVIAT COLLECTION PIPES IN DISCHARGE
US11519151B2 (en) * 2020-04-23 2022-12-06 The Taylor Ip Group Llc Connector for soil reinforcing and method of manufacturing
KR20220002750U (ko) * 2020-09-03 2022-11-21 더 테일러 아이피 그룹 엘엘씨 개선된 스트립 토양 보강재 및 제조 방법

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61134436A (ja) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-21 Okasan Kogyo Kk 擁壁構造
SU1303672A1 (ru) * 1985-12-24 1987-04-15 Проектный И Научно-Исследовательский Институт "Харьковский Промстройниипроект" Подпорна стенка
US4725170A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-02-16 Vsl Corporation Retained earth structure and method of making same
US5044833A (en) * 1990-04-11 1991-09-03 Wilfiker William K Reinforced soil retaining wall and connector therefor
US5624211A (en) * 1993-03-31 1997-04-29 Societe Civile Des Brevets Henri C. Vidal Modular block retaining wall construction and components
US5807030A (en) * 1993-03-31 1998-09-15 The Reinforced Earth Company Stabilizing elements for mechanically stabilized earthen structure
GB9313095D0 (en) * 1993-06-24 1993-08-11 Vidal Henri Brevets Earth structures
US5525014A (en) * 1994-07-05 1996-06-11 Brown; Richard L. Horizontally-yielding earth stabilizing structure
AU733015B2 (en) * 1996-08-09 2001-05-03 Christopher Martin Soil reinforcement
EP2210865A1 (en) 1997-06-25 2010-07-28 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Admixture and methods for optimizing addition of EO/PO superplasticizer to concrete containing smectite clay-containing aggregates
RU24692U1 (ru) * 2002-05-07 2002-08-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "ГЕОТЕРРА" Облицовочный блок и подпорная стенка из облицовочных блоков
RU2006137277A (ru) * 2004-04-01 2008-05-10 Модалко Пти Лтд (Au) Стеновая подпорная система с армированием грунта и способ ее строительства
PL1799624T3 (pl) 2004-09-21 2012-04-30 Lafarge Sa Sposób zobojętniania zanieczyszczeń
US8834626B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2014-09-16 Lafarge Impurity inerting composition
FR2878268B1 (fr) * 2004-11-25 2007-02-09 Freyssinet Internat Stup Soc P Ouvrage en sol renforce et elements de parement pour sa construction
FR2896520A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-27 Freyssinet Soc Par Actions Sim Ouvrage erige devant une paroi preexistante, comportant un parement et un remblai entre la paroi et le parement, et procede pour sa realisation
US8496411B2 (en) * 2008-06-04 2013-07-30 T & B Structural Systems Llc Two stage mechanically stabilized earth wall system
JP5713524B2 (ja) 2008-07-11 2015-05-07 ダブリュー・アール・グレイス・アンド・カンパニー−コネチカット コンクリートにおける粘土活性を改善するためのスランプ保持混和剤
FR2939157B1 (fr) * 2008-12-02 2013-02-15 Terre Armee Int Ouvrage en sol renforce et elements de parement pour sa construction
US8632277B2 (en) * 2009-01-14 2014-01-21 T & B Structural Systems Llc Retaining wall soil reinforcing connector and method
US9605402B2 (en) * 2009-01-14 2017-03-28 Thomas P. Taylor Retaining wall soil reinforcing connector and method
US8393829B2 (en) * 2010-01-08 2013-03-12 T&B Structural Systems Llc Wave anchor soil reinforcing connector and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2534381T3 (es) 2015-04-22
RU2013148142A (ru) 2015-05-10
PL2691578T3 (pl) 2015-07-31
FR2973401B1 (fr) 2014-05-16
JP6018170B2 (ja) 2016-11-02
CA2830331A1 (en) 2012-10-04
AU2012236049B2 (en) 2017-05-11
RU2597894C2 (ru) 2016-09-20
FR2973401A1 (fr) 2012-10-05
MX338398B (es) 2016-04-15
MX2013011159A (es) 2013-11-01
ZA201307290B (en) 2014-12-23
US8979437B2 (en) 2015-03-17
US20140003869A1 (en) 2014-01-02
EP2691578A2 (fr) 2014-02-05
WO2012131273A3 (fr) 2013-07-18
AU2012236049A1 (en) 2013-10-24
WO2012131273A2 (fr) 2012-10-04
JP2014509698A (ja) 2014-04-21
BR112013024808A2 (pt) 2016-12-20
MY166672A (en) 2018-07-18

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