Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
  • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
  • H01M10/625—Vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/63—Control systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
  • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
  • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
  • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
  • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
  • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
  • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
  • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
  • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

• the invention relates to an energy storage device, a
• Electric vehicles a plurality of electrically connected in series and / or parallel cells, such as lithium-ion cells having.
• Coolant circuit or direct cooling using pre-cooled air, which is passed between the cells to use.
• a metal cooling plate through which coolant flows can be arranged on the cell block of the battery, often below the cells. From the cells to the cooling plate, the heat loss, for example, either via separate heat conducting elements, eg. As thermal conductors or sheets, or passed over appropriately thickened cell housing walls of the cells. Frequently, the cell housings of the cells are made metallic, and they are subject to an electrical voltage. To prevent short circuits, the Cooling plate of the cell housings then separated by an electrical insulation, such as a heat conducting film, a shaped body, a potting compound or a coating or foil applied to the cooling plate.
• the coolant circuit can also be used to heat the battery z. B. used during cold start.
• batteries are known whose cells are formed as so-called pouch cells whose substantially cuboid
• a formed active part in a cladding film (or a pair of envelopes) is sandwiched and tightly welded, wherein the cladding film forms a circumferential sealing seam and wherein the cell poles are formed by Abieiter, which pass through the seal at the top of the cells and project upwards ,
• cooling plates are arranged, which bear against the flat sides of the cells, below the cells are each angled and rest there on a cooling plate.
• the heat generated in the cell can be transferred to the cooling plate via the cooling plates.
• the cooling plate is flowed through by a heat transfer medium and transports the heat to an external heat exchanger.
• Batteries are known from the same document whose cells are formed as so-called flat cells, which are substantially cuboid and stack-like
• a battery is known in which several cells are braced in Coffeebag construction between frame elements with the help of two pressure frame and some tie rods. From the same document is it is known to provide compliant elements between successive cells in a battery pack. This can also mechanical
• an energy storage device which has a plurality of memory cells and a tempering device for tempering the memory cells or a memory cell formed by the memory cells
• Cellular composite preferably provided between a memory cell and another device elastic means for shock-absorbing storage or spacing, wherein the other component is another memory cell or a holding element or other housing part or a heat conducting element, and wherein these elastic means are designed such that they exert a defined pressure on one or more memory cells.
• Understood device that is also capable, in particular electrical
• a memory cell in the context of the invention is a self-contained functional unit of
• Energy storage device understood, which in itself is also able to absorb in particular electrical energy to store and release again, preferably by utilizing electrochemical
• a memory cell may include a galvanic primary or secondary cell (as part of this
• Registration will be primary or secondary cells indiscriminate than
• Battery cells and an energy storage device constructed thereof as a battery a fuel cell, a high-power capacitor such as Supercap or the like, or an energy storage cell of a different kind.
• a memory cell constructed as a battery cell has, for example, an active region or active part in which
• the active part has, for example, an electrode arrangement, preferably as a stack or winding with current collecting foils, active layers and
• the active and Separator Anlagen can at least partially as independent foil blanks or as
• Coatings of current collecting foils can be provided.
• the current conductors are electrically connected to or formed by the current collecting foils.
• tempering is understood as meaning a removal or supply, in particular removal, of heat. It can be considered a passive one
• Cooling such as by heat radiation at heat radiating surfaces, as an active cooling, such as by forced convection at heat exchange surfaces or by heat exchange with a particular circulating
• Heat transfer such as water, oil or the like can be realized in a heat exchanger.
• a control or regulation may be provided to maintain a predetermined allowable temperature range.
• a tempering device in the sense of the invention can be understood as a device for the mere exchange of temperature within the energy storage device or for the exchange of heat with an environment.
• Component understood which also relative movements between Memory cells, possibly between memory cells and other components, intercept. It can therefore in particular be a damping element, for example, but not only, of the shape of a pad, a strip, a layer layer or the like.
• an elastic means in the context of the present invention is configured and arranged such that it exerts a pressure on its surroundings, in particular also indirectly or directly on one or more memory cells.
• a defined pressure is to be understood as meaning a pressure whose values lie within a certain range whose upper or lower limit value during normal operation of the
• an energy saving device according to the invention is to be expected. They may also be dependent on other operating parameters, such as the temperature inside, on the surface or in the environment of the energy-saving device constituting
• the elastic means are as a functional part of
• Sponge rubber, corrugated cardboard or the like can stand in an efficient heat dissipation in the way.
• At least one elastic means contrary to the shape of the cells, is convex or concave in a manner adapted to that exerted by that elastic means Pressure changes or behaves so that this elastic means exerts pressure on one or more memory cells whose values in a
• the elastic means against the formation of the cells are convex or concave adapted so that - preferably in response to the currently prevailing pressure conditions - pressure is given or pressure taken.
• the elastic means are designed in a manner which has the result that the outer shape and thus in particular the size of the contact surface or contact surfaces of at least one elastic means with its surroundings at least one
• Memory cell changes so that the pressure exerted by the so executed elastic means on this contact surface or contact surfaces on their environment is within a certain range whose upper or lower limit in the normal operation of the invention
• the elastic means are designed in a manner which results in a constant or approximately constant pressure in their interior.
• This can be achieved, for example, by a mass being coupled, under the influence of its weight force, to a gas volume which satisfies the interior of the elastic means such that the gas volume in the interior of the elastic means is under a constant pressure.
• a variable force presses on the outer shell of this elastic means from outside then this outer shell will deform so that, at each value of this variable force, the quotient of this force and the size dependent on the shape of the outer shell the contact surface corresponds to the constant pressure in the interior of the gas volume.
• One approximately constant pressure is a pressure whose value is in a certain range whose upper or lower limit in
• the elastic means are partially filled by a liquid which is in equilibrium with its vapor at the prevailing temperature so that the vapor of that liquid fills the portion of the internal volume of the elastic medium which is not filled by the liquid.
• the pressure inside the elastic means is in this case by the
• the elastic means may comprise a thermally conductive sheath and an inner space, wherein the interior space is filled with an elastically yielding material.
• the elastic means may be formed of a thermally conductive and elastically yielding material.
• the elastic means may comprise a heat-conducting or heat-permeable casing and an inner space, wherein the interior space is filled with a thermally conductive and elastically yielding material.
• thermal conductivity in this context, there is talk of a technically usable and structurally intended thermal conductivity, not of a minimal and physically unavoidable residual heat conduction, which is also present in materials that are inherently heat-insulating.
• a lower limit for a technically usable thermal conductivity can be assumed in the range of about 10 to 20 W m "1 K “1 ; this corresponds to the thermal conductivity of high-alloy steel and some provided with good heat-conducting fillers plastics. It is preferred if the thermal conductivity in the range of at least 40 to 50 W m "1 K " , which corresponds to that of spring steel (eg 55Cr3). Particularly preferred is a thermal conductivity of at least 100 or a few 100 W m "1 K " 1 given.
• silicon may have 148 W m “1 K “ 1 or aluminum 221 to 237 W m “1 K “ 1 or copper 240 to 400 W m “1 K “ or silver about 430 W m “1 K “ 1 are considered suitable.
• Carbon nanotubes whose thermal conductivity is given as about 6000 W m “1 K “ 1 should, in view of this point of view, represent the optimum that can currently be achieved; their commitment or the other
• thermoly conductive material any material that can be weighed in terms of cost, processability and other technical suitability.
• training with a thermally conductive material according to the invention is to be understood that the elastic means or a component thereof either substantially consist of this material or, for reasons of strength, electrical insulation, temperature resistance or otherwise Properties or uses, only a core, a coating or layer, a jacket or the like of such a material.
• suitable combination of materials so the desired properties between heat conduction and damping can be adjusted. The same materials as the above, or other good ones
• Heat conductors such as ceramics or diamond, also come as
• Thermally insulating foams for example, can be given a technically usable thermal conductivity in the range from about 10 to 20 W m.sup.- 1 K.sup.- 1 by doping with such materials. (All information on thermal conductivity at 20 ° C by hut, Die
• Inner volume of the elastic agent fills, which is not filled by the liquid.
• the pressure inside the elastic means in this case is given by the vapor pressure of the liquid, which depends on the prevailing temperature. Unless this temperature is constant or
• the elastic means are electrically conductive or electrically insulating, for example, technical
• the elastic means to an at least partially electrically conductive or electrically insulating sheath, which is particularly preferably also good thermal conductivity.
• the elastic means are at respective
• Memory cells attached or formed as an integral part of respective memory cells.
• the elastic means are attached to respective heat-conducting elements, which are arranged at least in sections between respective memory cells, or as an integral
• the tempering device has a
• Heat exchange device and have heat conducting elements, which are arranged at least in sections between respective memory cells, thermally conductive contact with the heat exchanger device.
• a clamping device for clamping the memory cells is provided, wherein preferably the
• Clamping device is designed and set up as a functional part of the tempering device. Under a bracing is in the sense of
• the tensioning device can also fulfill functions which are related to the temperature control of the memory cells or of the cell network. These functions may include, but are not limited to, the heat transfer from and to the memory cells
• the clamping device may be formed with a thermally conductive material.
• the clamping device has at least one clamping band, which is formed with the heat-conducting material and which is preferably resilient at least in sections, such as wave spring-shaped, and / or has a clamping portion such as a turnbuckle or the like, preferably a plurality of clamping bands are provided of which at least one tension band covers at least one other tension band.
• a strap is in the context of the invention, an elongated, in particular flat, band-like component understood, which is also useful to brace an arrangement of memory cells against each other, in particular to brace schlies.
• a shutter mechanism, a clamping mechanism or the like may be provided to allow mounting under tension.
• Tensioning strap can be designed such that the tensioning strap has excess pressure with respect to the cell block when mounted under bias and can be striped over it, wherein when the bias voltage is released, the tensioning strap lays tightly around the cell block. This can be the
• Tension band in sections for example, wave spring-shaped.
• the wave-spring-shaped sections have planar sections which are flat under tension
• the clamping device may comprise a plurality of tie rods, which are formed with the heat-conducting material.
• a tie rod is understood to be an elongated rod, in particular an overall length of the cell stack, which braces the cell block in particular via pressure elements, such as plates or flanges, which press in a stacking direction of the memory cells on the respective outer memory cells.
• a plurality of tie rods are provided, such as four, six, eight or more.
• Such tie rods include, for example, a head at one end and a thread at the other end, or threads at both ends, to allow for reliable tensioning by tightening, screwing, or bolting with the aid of nuts.
• the use of tie rods has at
• Tie rods can extend, for example, through corresponding recesses of frame elements of compassionflachzellen and absorb heat from them.
• the clamping device further holding elements and
• clamping elements wherein the holding elements are arranged in alternation with the memory cells to hold the memory cells between them, and wherein the clamping elements brace the holding elements with the memory cells, wherein the holding elements at least partially with
• Heat exchange surfaces of the memory cells are thermally coupled, and wherein the clamping elements at least in sections
• Heat exchange surfaces of the holding elements abut. It is advantageous if the holding elements are formed at least between the contact surfaces with the memory cells and the contact surfaces with the clamping elements with a thermally conductive material. In this way, a reliable clamping of the holding elements and the memory cells may be provided to a battery pack.
• Heat exchange surfaces of the holding elements may be outer surfaces, in particular edge surfaces, of the holding elements, for example, but not only if clamping bands are provided as clamping elements.
• Clamping elements such as, but not limited to, tie rods can also be passed through passages, such as holes, in the retaining elements; In this case, heat exchange surfaces of the holding elements may be formed by inner surfaces of the passages. Heat exchange surfaces of
• Memory cells can be provided by flat or edge sides of the memory cells, by current conductors or at passage areas of current conductors by an enclosure of the memory cells.
• the clamping device at least in sections, in particular by surface contact, with sections of a
• Heat exchanger device is thermally coupled, wherein the
• Heat exchanger device is preferably connected to a heat carrier circuit and wherein the heat carrier circuit is preferably controlled or regulated. In this way, the clamping device of the
• Storage cells received heat to the heat exchanger device transport and deliver it to a heat transfer medium such as, but not limited to, water or oil.
• the heated heat transfer medium can circulate through the heat transfer circuit and return the heat absorbed elsewhere, for example to an air cooler or the like.
• an energy storage cell having an active part and an enclosure surrounding the active part as well as elastic means fixed to or integral with the memory cell and designed and arranged for shock-absorbing storage or spacing of the memory cell from other components are provided; a whilleitelement for arrangement between
• the thin-walled structure circumscribing a shape of a preferably flat cuboid, and wherein the thin-walled structure at least one flat side and at least has two narrow sides adjacent to the flat side, and proposed with elastic means which are attached to the heat conducting member or formed as an integral part thereof, and which are designed and arranged to conduct heat.
• the elastic means are each formed as described above.
• FIG. 1 shows a frame flat cell in a schematic spatial view
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the cell according to FIG. 1
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic exploded view of the cell according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 shows a battery with a plurality of frame flat cells in a schematic spatial exploded view
• Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the battery of Figure 4 in an assembled condition.
• FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a damping element
• Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another
• Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another
• FIG. 9 shows another frame flat cell in a schematic spatial exploded view
• 10 shows a similar frame flat cell in a schematic exploded space view
• 1 1 shows a further battery with compassionflachzellen in a schematic spatial view.
• FIG. 13 shows a battery with a plurality of pouch cells, which are clamped by tie rods between frame elements, in a schematic spatial view
• Fig. 15 is a single cell and a heat conducting element in a schematic
• Fig. 18 is a single cell and a heat conducting element in a schematic
• FIG. 19 shows a battery in a schematic, exploded, spatial view
• FIG. 20 shows a mounted battery in a schematic spatial view
• FIG. 21 shows a heat-conducting element in a schematic cross-sectional view
• FIG. 22 shows a heat conduction element with frame flat cell in a schematic spatial view
• Fig. 23 shows a similar heat conducting element in a schematic spatial
• FIG. 24 shows a battery with a cell block braced in three spatial directions from a plurality of frame flat cells in a schematic spatial view.
• 25 shows a battery with a plurality of rows of cylindrical battery cells, which are braced by means of a fastening strip with a battery housing wall, in a schematic plan view
• 26 shows a battery with a plurality of rows of cylindrical battery cells, which are braced by means of fastening bands between two battery housing walls, in a schematic plan view;
• FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a galvanic cell 2 (also referred to as single cell 2 or cell 2) designed as a flat cell.
• a cell housing of the single cell 2 consists of two cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 and one arranged between them, edge-surrounding cell housing frame 2.3 formed.
• the cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 of the single cell 2 are designed to be electrically conductive and form poles P +, P- of the single cell 2.
• Damping elements 2.4 arranged.
• the damping elements 2.4 are formed with elastically yielding properties.
• the damping elements 2.4 are formed with elastically yielding properties.
• the damping elements 2.4 are with the
• the single cell 2 has at least three voltage connection contacts K1 to K3.
• the cell housing side wall 2.1 forming the pole P- has at least two voltage connection contacts K1, K2, which in particular are electrically connected to one another inside the cell, in particular connected in parallel.
• the first voltage connection contact K1 is formed by the damping elements 2.4, which are electrically conductively attached to the pole P- of the individual cell 2 and thus to the cell housing side wall 2.1.
• the second voltage connection contact K2 is designed as a measuring connection 2.1 1, the radial over the cell housing side wall 2.1 at an arbitrary position, here at the top of the cell 2, via the single cell 2 as a flag-like extension
• the third voltage connection contact K3 is formed by the cell housing side wall 2.2 forming the pole P +.
• the cell housing frame 2.3 is made electrically insulating, so that the cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 of different polarity are electrically isolated from each other.
• the cell housing frame 2.3 also has a Top on a partial increase in material 2.31, whose function is explained in more detail in the description of FIG. 4 and FIG.
• FIG. 2 shows the single cell 2 according to FIG. 1 in a cross-sectional view, an electrode stack 2.5 being arranged in the cell housing 2.
• electrode foils 2.51 of different polarity in particular aluminum and / or copper foils and / or foils of a metal alloy, are stacked on top of one another and electrically isolated from one another by means of a separator (not shown in detail), in particular a separator foil.
• electrode foils 2.51 of the same polarity are electrically connected to one another.
• the interconnected ends of the electrode films 2.51 of the same polarity thus form a pole contact 2.52.
• the pole contacts 2.52 different polarity of the single cell 2.2 are referred to below as Stromabieiterfahnen 2.52.
• the ends of the electrode films 2.51 are electrically conductively pressed together and / or welded together and form the Stromabieiterfahen 2.52 of
• the electrode stack 2.5 is arranged in the cell housing frame 2.3 which surrounds the edge of the electrode stack 2.5.
• the cell housing frame 2.3 has for this purpose two spaced-apart material returns 2.33, 2.34, which are designed so that the Stromabieiterfahen 2.52 different polarity in the material returns 2.33, 2.34 are arranged.
• the clear height h1 of the material returns 2.33, 2.34 is designed so that they
• Extension of the undefended stacked Stromabieiterfahen 2.52 is equal to or less than this.
• the depth t of the material returns 2.33, 2.34 corresponds to the extension of the Stromabieiterfahen 2.52 or is designed to be larger than this.
• the cell housing frame 2.3 is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, the Stromabieiterfahen 7 different polarity are electrically isolated from each other, so that additional arrangements for electrical insulation are not necessary.
• the Stromabieiterfahnen 2.52 which z. B. made of copper
• the housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 which z. B. made of aluminum
• a film not shown, which z. B. made of nickel may be arranged to achieve an improved electrical connection between the Stromabieiterfahnen 2.52 and the cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2.
• the damping elements 2.4 are arranged at approximately the same height as the current discharge lugs 2.52 on the housing side wall 2.1 and have a height h2 measured from the housing side wall 2.1. That part of the flat side 2.8 of the cell 2 or the
• Housing side wall 2.1 which limits the electrode stack 2.5, is free of damping elements 2.4. If a pressure force D is exerted on the individual cell 2 when stringing and clamping a plurality of individual cells 2 in the direction of a cell stack (stacking direction s), the initiation of the pressure force D is restricted to the current discharge lugs 2.52 and the adjacent regions of the cell housing frame 2.3, while the electrode stack 2.5 is free of compressive forces remains. This remains the same even if the
• Electrode stack 2.5 should extend during operation of the single cell 2 in the stacking direction s. 3 shows an exploded view of the single cell 2 explained in greater detail in FIGS. 1 and 2 and also shows the arrangement of the electrode stack 2.5 in the cell housing frame 2. 3 and the cell housing side walls 2. 1, 2. 2.
• the cell housing side wall 2.1 is bent with the flag-like measuring connection 2.1 1 in a lower region by 90 ° in the direction of the cell housing frame 2.3 to form a fold 2.12, so that when using a shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 heat conducting 4 an enlargement an effective heat transfer surface A1 and thus improved cooling of the battery 1 can be achieved.
• the damping elements are 2.4 on the other side wall 2.2 or both
• Housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 arranged.
• Damping element 2.4 are arranged in the lower region of the housing side wall 2.2 or vice versa. Such an arrangement can, especially if the measuring connection 2.1 1 is missing, to prevent unwanted reverse polarity of the cells, since the position of the damping elements 2.4 encodes the pole position.
• the battery 1 which is used for example in a vehicle, in particular a hybrid and / or electric vehicle, is shown in an exploded view and in a perspective view.
• FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of a battery 1 with a cell network Z formed from a plurality of individual cells 2.
• the poles P +, P- of several individual cells 2 are serially and / or in dependence on a desired electrical voltage and power of the battery 1 connected electrically in parallel with each other.
• the cell assembly Z may be formed in developments of the invention of any number of single cells 2.
• the battery 1 is formed in the illustrated embodiment of the invention of thirty individual cells 2, which are electrically connected together in series.
• an electrical connection element 10 is arranged.
• This connection element 10 is designed as an electrical terminal lug and forms the positive pole terminal P pos of the battery first
• connection element 11 is arranged. This connection element 11 is also designed as an electrical terminal lug and forms the negative pole terminal P neg of the battery 1. It should be noted that at least the upper damping element 2.4 of the last single cell E2 is removed at this point.
• the cell composite Z is thermally with the
• Heat conducting 3 coupled.
• the heat conducting plate has heat transfer connections
• Heat conducting 4 thermally coupled to the heat conducting plate 3, so that an effective cooling of the battery 1 is achieved.
• the heat-conductive material may additionally or alternatively be formed from a potting compound and / or a lacquer.
• This housing frame is in particular one or more the cell composite Z completely enclosing clamping elements 8, z. B.
• Tensioning straps formed, which connect the individual cells 2 and the cell composite Z, the heat conducting 3 and the heat-conducting film 4 in both the horizontal and vertical direction non-positively.
• 8 corresponding material recesses 3.2 are preferably formed on an underside of the heat conducting plate 3 to the dimensions of the clamping elements.
• the damping elements 2.4 are elastically yielding, electrically conductive and thermally conductive. Therefore, the housing side walls 2.1 and 2.2, which form the poles P and P + of the cells 2, between adjacent cells reliably over the
• Damping elements 2.4 electrically contacted. Further, a compressive force, which is introduced via the clamping bands 8 in the cell block Z, on the
• Damping elements 2.4 introduced into the frame region of the cells 2, wherein the region of the electrode stack 2.5 remains free of clamping forces.
• the cell 2, in particular the electrode stack 2.5 can expand comparatively freely in the stacking direction during operation. Even shakes can be in the
• Damping elements 2.4 are absorbed, the individual cells 2 are mechanically largely decoupled from each other. Finally, the damping elements 2.4 have good thermal conduction properties. This allows a heat exchange between adjacent individual cells 2 take place.
• Cell housing side wall 2.1 of this single cell 2, but additionally via the cell housing side wall 2.1 of an adjacent single cell 2 are derived.
• the battery 1 for example, a lithium-ion high-voltage battery
• Malfunction of the battery 1 perform a safe separation of the battery 1 from an electrical network.
• an electronic component 13 is provided which at least not shown devices for cell voltage monitoring and / or to a
• the electronic component 13 may be formed in a continuation of the invention as encapsulated electronic assembly.
• the electronic component 13 is arranged at the head end on the cell assembly on the clamping elements 12 and the cell housing frame 2.3 of the individual cells 2. To the largest possible contact surface of the electronic
• the tab-like measuring terminals 2.11 arranged on the cell housing side walls 2.1 are guided by contact elements 13.3 arranged in the electronic component 13, which have a shape corresponding to the flag-like measuring terminals 2.1 1.
• other electronic components not shown, are provided which include, for example, the battery management system, the battery control, the fuse elements and / or other devices for operating and controlling the battery 1.
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a construction of a damping element 2.4 shown in FIG. 1, 2 or 3 in a first preferred embodiment variant.
• the damping element 2.4 has a first shell 2.41 and a second shell 2.42.
• the shells 2.41, 2.42 are connected to one another at a seam 2.43, for example by welding, gluing or the like.
• the shells 2.41, 2.42 are made of an electrically conductive and thermally conductive material such as aluminum, or the like.
• the shells 2.41, 2.42 include an interior space 2.44, which is filled in the illustrated embodiment with an insulating material such as a PU foam, sponge rubber, felt or the like. It is also conceivable in another embodiment to fill the interior space 2.44 only with air.
• FIG. 7 shows, in a schematic cross-sectional view, a structure of a damping element 2.4 shown in FIG. 1, 2 or 3 in another preferred embodiment variant.
• the damping element 2.4 has a first shell 2.41 and a second shell 2.42. Between the shells 2.41, 2.42 extends at the edge of a bellows structure 2.45, which is connected at seams 2.43 to the shells 2.41, 2.42.
• the shells 2.41, 2.42 are made of an electrically conductive and thermally conductive material such as aluminum, or the like.
• the shells 2.41, 2.42 include an interior 2.44, which in the illustrated embodiment with an insulating material such as a PU foam, sponge rubber, felt or the like is filled. With appropriate rigidity of the bellows structure 2.45 is in another
• FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a construction of a damping element 2.4 shown in FIG. 1, 2 or 3 in a further preferred embodiment variant.
• the damping element 2.4 has a foam block 2.45.
• the foam block 2.45 has a thermally conductive and electrically conductive plastic.
• the foam block 2.45 is foamed from a per se electrically and thermally insulating material which is doped with fillers, which are good electrical and thermal conductors.
• Realizations if necessary, may differ.
• Fig. 9 illustrates in a schematic spatial
• Embodiment is a modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5; Unless otherwise indicated in the following explanations, the explanations given with regard to FIGS. 1 to 5 apply correspondingly.
• a cell case (housing) of the cell 2 is composed of two cell case sidewalls 2.1, 2.2 and one in between
• the Cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 of the cell 2 are designed to be electrically conductive and form poles P +, P- of the cell 2.
• the cell housing frame 2.3 is made electrically insulating, so that the cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2
• Cell housing frame 2.3 additionally has a partial material increase 2.31 on an upper side.
• the cell housing side wall 2.1 with the flag-like measuring connection 2.1 1 has, in a lower region, a bevel 2.12 bent by 90 ° in the direction of the cell housing frame 2.3. Furthermore, this cell housing side wall 2.1 has in an upper region two lugs 2.13 bent by 90 ° in the direction of the cell housing frame 2.3. In assembly, the tabs 2.13 grip next to the material increase 2.31 on the upper narrow side 2.32 of the
• the cell housing side wall 2.2 serving as a positive pole P + has a damping element 2.4 which rises from the cell housing side wall 2.2.
• the damping element 2.4 here forms the third voltage connection contact K3 of the cell 2, while the other cell housing side wall 2.1 forms the first voltage connection contact K1.
• the damping element 2.4 is on the
• Damping element 2.4 except for a small edge region over the entire surface of the cell housing side wall 2.2, which allows a distribution of compressive forces on the entire surface of the cell housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 of the cell 2.
• the damping element 2.4 may be formed only partially on the cell housing side wall 2.2.
• Fig. 10 illustrates in a schematic spatial
• the cell housing side wall 2.1 with the flag-like measuring connection 2.1 1 has in a lower region a 90 ° in the direction of
• Cell housing frame 2.3 Curved lower edge (fold) 2.12.
• the other cell housing side wall 2.2 has in an upper region two lugs 2.22 bent by 90 ° in the direction of the cell housing frame 2.3.
• the tabs 2.22 of the second housing side wall 2.2 engage next to the material increase 2.31 on the upper
• Damping element 2.4 and in addition, the first cell housing wall 2.1 a damping element 2.4. Both damping elements 2.4 are like the damping element 2.4 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 8
• a structure of the cell 2 according to FIG. 9 or FIG. 10 is advantageous in a battery which, as a modification of the battery 1 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
• the clamping bands 8 are made of a thermally conductive material such as metal and are on the upper narrow sides of the cells 2.32 2.32 and thus on the flaps 2.13 of the cell housing side wall 2.1 flat. As a result, a heat transfer between the tabs 2.13 of the cell housing side wall 2.1 take place in the tension bands 8, and the
• the width of the clamping bands 8 can be increased in comparison to the battery 1 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the width of the material increase 2.31 of the cell housing frame 2.3 can be correspondingly reduced.
• Fig. 1 1 illustrates in a schematic spatial view the structure of such a battery 1 as a further embodiment of the invention.
• the battery 1 of this embodiment can be understood as a modification of the battery shown in Figs. 4 and 5, so that reference is made to the explanations herein regarding the basic structure.
• the battery 1 is composed of thirty-five single cells 2.
• the individual cells 2 are secondary cells (accumulator cells) with active regions containing lithium, and are constructed as frame flat cells according to FIG. 9 or FIG. 10.
• a cooling plate 3 for tempering the cells 2
• the cooling plate 3 has in its interior a cooling channel (not shown in detail), which can be traversed by a coolant, and two
• Coolant connections 3.1 for supplying and discharging the coolant.
• the cooling plate 3 to a not shown Coolant circuit can be connected, can be discharged via the absorbed by the coolant waste heat from the battery 1.
• a heat-conducting film 4 of electrically insulating material is arranged, which electrically isolates the cooling plate 3 from the cells 2.
• a pressure plate 5 is made of a metal such as steel, aluminum or the like, wherein on the underside an electrically insulating coating (not shown in detail) is provided. arranged. Further alternatively, the pressure plate 5 may be made of an electrically insulating material having good thermal conduction properties such as a reinforced plastic with thermally conductive dopants.
• a front end of the cell network is a front end of the cell network.
• a rear pole plate 7 is arranged at a rear end of the cell composite.
• the pole plates 6 and 7 each form a pole of the battery 1 and each have a projecting beyond the pressure plate 5 beyond flag-like extension 6.1, 7.1, which each form a pole contact of the battery 1. Furthermore, the pole plates 6 and 7 each have two
• Fixing tabs (see 6.2, 7.2 in Fig. 3), which are angled parallel to the pressure plate 5 of the respective pole plate 6, 7 and rest on the pressure plate 5 and are electrically isolated from the pressure plate 5.
• the pressure plate 5, the cells 2, the pole plates 6, 7 and the cooling plate 3 are pressed together by two clamping bands 8, each to the
• the tension bands 8 span vertically extending planes with respect to the battery 1 and are therefore also referred to as vertical tension bands 8.
• the clamping bands 8 are formed from a good heat conductor such as spring steel and have an electrically insulating, but heat-conducting or heat-permeable coating on. Alternatively, between the
• Pressure plate 5 and the cells 2 may be arranged an electrically insulating intermediate layer similar to the heat-conducting film 4.
• Tensioning bands 8 have heat-conducting, surface contact with the pressure plate 5 and the cooling plate 3.
• the pressure plate 5 is in one embodiment, at least partially formed as a printed circuit board of an electrically insulating substrate, preferably made of plastic with an optional glass fiber reinforcement, and carries electrical components for monitoring and / or control of
• Such electrical components are for example
• Charge levels of cells which are present for example on the circuit board in the form of microchips, and / or temperature sensors for monitoring a temperature of the cells 2. At least in areas where soft
• Heat conduction properties Such zones can also be referred to as heat-conducting zones.
• the pressure plate 5 is preferably also designed so that heat-generating and / or heat-sensitive
• thermally conductive contact with the shallleitzone can be arranged.
• the circuit board itself has good thermal conduction properties and as such forms the pressure plate 5.
• the pressure plate 5 can in a Another variant entirely made of a material with good
• the tensioning device is realized by two metallic straps 8, which are provided with an electrically insulating, but heat-conducting layer.
• an electrically insulating, but heat-conducting layer As an alternative to a coating can also electrically insulating, but heat-conducting or heat-permeable
• the tension bands 8 from a
• thermally conductive filling material In such a case is an additional
• Isolation may not be required.
• clamping bands 8 each one
• toggle closures screw caps or a similar type of turnbuckle may be provided.
• Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of a battery cell 2 as another embodiment of the present invention.
• the battery cell 2 of this embodiment is a so-called Coffeebag- or pouch cell whose flat, approximately cuboid electrode stack (active part) is wrapped in a foil which is sealed in the edge region and forms a so-called sealed seam 2.7.
• Current conductors 2.6 of the cell 2 extend through the sealing seam 2.7 at passage areas 2.71.
• Damping elements 2.4 serve the elastic support of the cell 2 against other cells or a battery housing frame or a frame member and are suitable to compensate for thermal expansions or shocks
• the damping elements 2.4 have good thermal conductivity, but they are electrically non-conductive. This is for example a
• the sheath is preferably itself stretchable or bellows-shaped to follow the movements of the resilient material can.
• the compliant material which may or may not be disposed in a separate envelope, is itself heat-conducting
• Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a battery 1 having a plurality of cells 2 in Fig. 12 as another embodiment of the present invention.
• a plurality of cells 2 are arranged between each two holding frames 16, 16 or 16, 17.
• the arrangement of cells 2 and holding frames 16, 17 is arranged between two end plates 18, 19.
• Four tie rods 20 with lock nuts 21 are provided for bracing the composite of cells, holding frame 16, 17 and end plates 18, 19.
• connection devices 23, 24 are provided.
• An attached to struts 25 controller 26 is for monitoring of
• the tie rods 20 and / or locknuts 21 are electrically insulated against at least one of the end plates 18, 19.
• the cells 2 are formed in this embodiment as so-called Coffeebag or Pouch cells according to FIG. 12.
• the cells 2 are of the Holding frame 16, 17 taken on the Abieitern itself or in the passage areas 2.71 and give at this point heat to the frame members 16, 17 from.
• Frame elements 16, 17 are delivered. Of the compact block forming frame members 16, 17, heat may be generated by convection or heat sinks, such as a cooling plate, such as shown in FIG. 5 et al.
• the tie rods 20 take heat from the
• End plates 18, 19 can then heat by means of a suitable thermoplastic material
• Cooling device (not shown in detail) are derived.
• the tie rods pass through the frame members 16, 17 and receive heat from the support frames 16, 17.
• separate contact elements can be provided which are gripped by the holding frames 16, 17 and exert the contact pressure on the edge sections of the cells 2 and absorb heat from them.
• a cooling device comes z.
• End plates 18, 19 is screwed.
• one or both of the end plates 18, 19 may have a cooling plate with or without circulating
• Heat transfer medium be attached to the front side, to which the tie rods 20 can give off heat.
• tie rods 20 can give off heat.
• more than four tie rods, z. B. six or eight tie rods be provided to clamp the cell block and dissipate heat.
• the tension can be achieved, for example, via heat-conducting tension bands (cf., FIG. 11).
• such tension bands can be guided, for example, but not only, over chamfers 16.1, 17.1, 18.1, 19.1 of the holding frames 16, 17 and the end plates 18, 19
• a galvanic cell or battery cell (single cell) designed as a flat cell is 2 and a corresponding one to it
• FIG. 14 shows a perspective view and FIG. 15 shows a cross-sectional view of the single cell 2 and the heat-conducting element 14.
• the individual cell 2 has an enclosure, which is not described in more detail, which encloses an electrode stack (not illustrated here).
• the housing has two film layers, which are welded in an edge region in order to form a so-called sealed seam 2.7 in order to enclose the electrode stack in a gas-tight and moisture-proof manner.
• the electrode stack is pronounced as a thickening of the single cell 2.
• the parts of the housing which adjoin the flat sides of the electrode stack in a stacking direction s can also be understood as housing side walls 2.1, 2.2 in the sense of the definition in FIG. 1 et seq.
• the electrode stack is constructed similarly to the electrode stack 2.5 illustrated in FIG. 2; However, Ableitfahen, depending on the polarity laterally offset, protrude from a single narrow side (here the top) of the electrode stack and are still connected within the enclosure with current conductors 2.6, which extend through the sealing seam 2.7 outwards and pole contacts P +, P- the Train cell 2. In one embodiment, according to polarity summarized Ableitfahnen the electrode stack itself as a current collector 2.6 through the seal seam 2.7 to be led to the outside.
• a damping element 2.4 is arranged on one of the housing side walls, here the housing side wall 2.2.
• the damping element 2.4 is formed integrally with the housing side wall 2.2 in this embodiment.
• the housing side wall has an inner shell 2.2a and an outer shell 2.2b, which are formed, for example, from a foil material and can be understood as an analogy to the shells 2.41, 2.42 of the damping element 2.4 according to FIG. Between the inner shell 2.2a and the
• Outer shell 2.2b extends a cavity 2.44, which is filled with an elastically resilient and thermally conductive material; to possible
• the outer shell 2.2b is not electrically conductive, and that the filling of the hollow space 2.44 is thermally conductive.
• the heat-conducting element 14 is in this embodiment as a
• Cooling contact surface A1 which in the manner described in more detail below can be cooled.
• the long leg 14.1 1 of the heat-conducting element 14 has a thickness b and has a cell contact surface A2, which rests against the first housing side wall 2.1 of the single cell 2. This allows a heat flow W of the
• FIG. 16 shows in a representation corresponding to FIG. 15 a single cell 2 and a heat-conducting element 14 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention in a cross-sectional view.
• the single cell 2 is similar to the single cell in Figs. 14 and 15 constructed.
• the single cell 2 of this embodiment lacks a damping element (2.4 in Fig. 14 or 2.2a, 2.2b, 2.44 in Fig. 15). Instead, that points
• the damping element 14.2 has good thermal conductivity.
• a resilient, not particularly thermally conductive designed material such as PU foam, sponge rubber or the like in a good heat conducting sheath (foil or the like) is arranged.
• the shell is preferably itself stretchable or bellows-shaped to the
• the compliant material which may or may not be disposed in a separate envelope, is itself heat-conducting
• heat-conductive damping layer be applied directly to the long leg 14.1 1. Due to the heat-conducting properties of the damping elements 14.2, a thermal balance between adjacent cells 2 can be facilitated and an effective heat dissipation from a cell assembly of cells 2 can be realized without having to provide active cooling in the interior of the cell network.
• FIG. 17 shows a single cell 2 and a heat conducting element 14 according to a further embodiment of the invention in a spatial
• the single cell 2 is constructed like the single cell in FIG. 16.
• Heat-conducting element 14 is also constructed substantially like the heat-conducting element 14 in FIG. 16; However, the heat-conducting element 14 in this embodiment, a damping element 14.2 on one of the single cell 2 facing side of the long leg 14.1 1 on. For details regarding the damping element 14.2, reference is made to the explanations to Fig. 21.
• FIG. 18 shows in a representation corresponding to FIG. 17 a single cell 2 and a heat-conducting element 14 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention in a three-dimensional exploded view.
• the single cell 2 is constructed like the single cell in FIG. 17.
• Heat-conducting element 14 is also constructed substantially like the heat-conducting element 14 in FIG. 16 or 17; However, in this embodiment, the heat-conducting element 14 has a damping element 14.2 on both flat sides of the long leg 14.1 1.
• FIGS. 19 and 20 show a battery 1 with a plurality of individual cells 2 described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 18 and heat conduction elements 14 arranged between them, wherein the battery 1 in FIG Exploded view and shown in Fig. 20 in an assembled state.
• the individual cells 2 are combined to form a cell network Z.
• a cooling plate 3 is arranged on the bottom side of the individual cells 2.
• the short legs 14.12 of the heat-conducting elements 14 are heat-conducting, namely connected by flat contact with the cooling plate 3.
• heat transferred from the individual cells 2 to the associated heat-conducting elements 14 is dissipated to the cooling plate 3 when their temperature is lower than the temperature of the heat-conducting elements 14.
• the heat-conducting elements 14 are pressed by means of clamping elements 8, in particular tension straps, with the individual cells 2 and fixed to the cooling plate 3.
• clamping elements 8 in particular tension straps
• the cooling plate 3 on a side facing away from the cell assembly Z side in the longitudinal direction notches 3.2, which correspond to the dimensions of the clamping element 8, in particular its width and height.
• Notches 3.2 corresponds in particular to the number of clamping elements 8, which are used for fastening the cell assembly Z.
• the cooling plate 3 further has a coolant connection unit 3.10 with at least one inlet opening 3.11 and at least one outlet opening 3.12, via which a cooling medium or heat transfer medium can be supplied to the cooling plate 3 or can be removed therefrom.
• a coolant circuit for example, a coolant circuit of an air conditioner, not shown
• the cooling medium flows, which dissipates heat absorbed via the coolant circuit.
• Fig. 21 illustrates in a cross-sectional view the structure of a
• the heat-conducting element 14 of this embodiment has a
• the 14.1 is made of a good heat conducting material such as aluminum or another metal, a thermally conductive plastic or the like. It has in cross-section the shape of a T-profile with a long leg 14.11 and two short legs 14.12.
• the long leg 14.1 1 is provided for arrangement between battery cells 2 (shown as dashed outlines 2) of a cell network in order to absorb heat generated in the battery cells 2.
• the short legs 14.12 are for attachment to one
• Heat conduction plate 3 (shown as a dotted outline 3) or the like provided to release the heat absorbed by the battery cells 2.
• damping elements 14.2 serve the elastic support of the cells 2 against each other and are suitable to compensate for thermal expansion of the cells 2 or absorb shocks.
• Damping elements 14.2 referenced to the explanation of the damping element 14.2 in the heat conducting element 14 of FIG. 16.
• the damping elements 14.22 may extend in a modification to the short legs 14.12, in order to achieve in particular in compassionflachzellen also a suspension down. Between the short legs 14.22 and the cooling plate 3, an electrically insulating heat conducting foil or the like may be provided.
• the heat-conducting element 14 of this embodiment can be used in a battery 1, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, between cells 2, which themselves have no spring elements.
• both the damping elements 14.2 and the support structure 14.1 are designed to be electrically conductive.
• FIG. 22 illustrates, as a further embodiment of the present invention, a heat conducting element 15 with a frame flat cell
• the cell 2 is formed similarly to the cells 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 or 9 or 10.
• the cell housing side parts 2.1, 2.2 have no bent sections (2.12, 2.13 or 2.22 in FIG. 6 or FIG. 8), and none of the cell housing side parts 2.1, 2.2 carries a damping element.
• the cell housing side parts 2.1, 2.2 are thus substantially formed as a flat plate whose height and width in
• the invention in the embodiment of this embodiment is also functional when the cell housing side parts 2.1, 2.2 of the cell 2 have bent portions and / or spring elements.
• the heat-conducting element 15 is formed as a flat box with a bottom 15.1 and a narrow peripheral edge 15.2.
• the bottom 15.1 forms a first flat side of the heat-conducting element 15 and the edge 15.2 forms four narrow sides of the heat-conducting element, while an exposed edge 15.20 of the edge 15.2 defines a second, open flat side of the heat-conducting element 15.
• the heat-conducting element 15 is in the present Embodiment as a deep-drawn part of a material with good
• the edge 15.2 has in an upper area in the middle of a
• the width of the material recess 15.3 corresponds to the width of the material increase 2.31 of the cell housing frame 2.3 of the cell 2 at play.
• Heat-conducting element 15 abut.
• the height of the edge 15.2 is dimensioned such that when the cell 2 rests with its cell housing side wall 2.2 on the bottom 15.1 of the heat-conducting element 15, the edge 15.2 does not reach the other cell housing side wall 2.1.
• a plurality of cells 2 with heat-conducting element 15 can be combined to form a cell block or a battery, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
• the heat-conducting elements 15 act as a contact between contact sections K1, K3 of successive cells, on the other hand they transport heat generated in the interior of the cells 2 over the walls
• Analogous to the embodiments described above is for a electrical insulation between the heat-conducting elements 15 and the cooling plate or the clamping bands (see Fig. 8 in Fig. 5, etc.) to provide a
• FIG. 23 illustrates in a schematic spatial view a modification of the heat-conducting element 15 according to FIG. 22.
• the edge 15.2 of the heat-conducting element has interruptions (notches) 15.4 at its edges, so that the continuous edge 15.2 (FIG. 21) is divided into two lateral edge sections 15.21, a lower edge section 15.22 and two upper edge sections 15.23. If the edge is dimensioned undersized to the cell 2, a joining force can be reduced in this modification, since the edge portions 15.21, 15.22, 15.23 can yield resiliently.
• the heat-conducting element 15 may initially be punched or cut from a flat sheet metal part during production and then bent into shape. Alternatively, the heat-conducting element 15 can be deep-drawn and then cut out.
• Fig. 24 illustrates in a schematic spatial view the structure of a battery 1 as a further embodiment of the invention.
• the battery 1 is composed of thirty-five single cells 2, each in a
• the single cells 2 are secondary cells (accumulator cells) with active regions containing lithium, and are constructed as compassionflachzellen shown in FIG. Incidentally, the battery 1 of this embodiment may be used as a
• thermally conductive material are formed and can conduct heat from the top of the battery to the cooling plate 3, yet another clamping band 9 is provided, which extends over the lateral sides of the individual cells 2 and the heat-conducting elements 15 and the battery 1 encloses in a horizontal plane; It is therefore also referred to as a horizontal clamping band 9.
• the horizontal clamping band 9 is formed thermally conductive.
• the horizontal strap 9 covers in the region of the pole plates 6, 7, the tension bands 8.
• the horizontal clamping band 9 has in the region of the lateral narrow sides of the heat-conducting elements 15 flat, heat-conducting contact with these and further has in the region of the pole plates 6, 7 flat, thermally conductive contact with the vertical clamping bands 8.
• the tension band 9, like the tension bands 8, 9, may have an electrically insulating but heat-conducting or heat-permeable coating.
• Intermediate layer may be arranged similar to the heat-conducting film 4.
• thermally conductive or heat-permeable intermediate layers such as
• Heat-conducting elements 15 and between the horizontal clamping band 9 and the pole plates 6, 7 may be provided.
• An electrical insulation between the heat-conducting elements 15 on the one hand and the cooling plate 3, the pressure plate 5 and the clamping band 9 on the other hand is not required if the outer sides of the edges of the heat-conducting elements 15 carry as an alternative embodiment in turn an electrically insulating layer.
• the tensioning band 9 can run in recesses (not illustrated in more detail) in the lateral narrow sides of the heat-conducting elements 15 and the front and rear pole plates 6, 7. In a further variant can also between the clamping band 9 and the lateral
• Fig. 25 illustrates as a further embodiment of the present invention, the structure of a battery 1 in a schematic representation.
• the battery 1 is composed of a plurality of single cells (cells) 2 arranged in three rows R1 to R3.
• a first row R1 is disposed adjacent to a battery housing wall 27, while the subsequent rows are spaced one row further apart from the row Battery housing wall 27 are arranged away.
• a cell 2 is shown from each row R1 to R3, while the other cells of the rows are symbolized by dots.
• Battery cells adjacent to one another in the direction of extension of rows R1 to R3 define a column S of cells 2.
• the cells 2 of the battery 1 of this embodiment are cylindrically shaped cells 2.
• the cells 2 of a pillar Si are fixed to the battery case wall 27 by a looped fastening band 28.
• Fastening tape 28 extends from the battery housing wall 27 and wraps around the cells 2 of the column S, initially wavy to the cell 2 of the farthest row R3, wraps around this in a loop and then runs back to the battery housing wall 27, wherein the cells 2 of the column Sj in in reverse order as previously waved in turn wavy. In this way, the cells 2 of a column S, are held in position.
• the fastening band 28 is made of a heat conductive material. By wrapping the cells 2, it is in close contact with them, absorbs heat which is generated in the cells 2, and transports them to the battery housing wall 27.
• the battery housing wall 27 is actively or passively cooled or tempered.
• Fig. 26 illustrates as a further embodiment of the present invention the structure of a battery 1 in a schematic representation.
• This embodiment is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG.
• Two fastening straps 28.1, 28.2 extend between the housing side walls 27.1, 27.2, wherein they wrap around the battery cells 2 wave-shaped.
• the fastening straps 28 or 28.1, 28.1 of the batteries 1 shown in FIG. 25 or FIG. 26 are made of an elastically yielding, preferably good flexible material. Thus, an elastic support between individual cells 2 is achieved with each other and with a battery case.
• the invention is not limited to three rows R1 to R3 of battery cells 2; Rather, the invention according to the embodiments described above is also applicable to batteries having more or fewer rows Ri of battery cells 2.
• All Batteries 1 of the above description are energy storage devices according to the invention. All damping elements 2.4, 14.2, 15.5 and the fastening straps 28, 28.1, 28.2 of the above description are elastic means in the context of the invention. The latter fastening straps 28, 28.1, 28.2 are also a tensioning device according to the invention, as are the tensioning straps 8, 9 and the tie rods 20 with nuts 21, holding frames 16, 17 and pressure frames 18, 19 of the above description. All components related to heat dissipation, in particular cooling plates 3,
• Heat-conducting elements 14, 15 and all heat-conducting damping elements 2.4, 14.2, 15.5 of the above description are functional components of a tempering device in the context of the invention. Cooling plates 3 of the above description are heat exchanger devices in the sense of the invention.

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• Electrochemistry (AREA)
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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
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• 2011
  • 2011-03-25 DE DE201110015152 patent/DE102011015152A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-03-16 US US14/007,515 patent/US20140113171A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-03-16 EP EP12710143.4A patent/EP2689481A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-03-16 WO PCT/EP2012/001187 patent/WO2012130399A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2012-03-16 KR KR1020137027270A patent/KR20140027955A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-03-16 JP JP2014500276A patent/JP2014514691A/ja active Pending

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