Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
  • H02J7/0025—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
  • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
  • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
  • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
  • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
  • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
  • H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
  • H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
  • H02P25/024—Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
  • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
  • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
  • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
  • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
  • H02P2209/01—Motors with neutral point connected to the power supply
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
  • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a system with an electrically excited machine, which is controlled by means of a controllable first energy storage and supplied with electrical energy, and a method for operating the system according to the invention.
• Wind turbines as well as in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, increasingly electronic systems are used that combine new energy storage technologies with electric drive technology.
• an electric machine 101 e.g. when
• Rotary field machine is running, controlled by a converter in the form of a pulse inverter 102.
• Characteristic of such systems is a so-called
• an energy storage 104 usually a traction battery
• an energy storage 104 usually a traction battery
• several battery cells 105 are connected in series. Since the power provided by such an energy storage 104 must flow through all the battery cells 105 and a battery cell 105 can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current.
• the series connection of several battery cells in addition to a high total voltage involves the problem that the entire energy storage fails if a single battery cell fails, because then no battery power can flow. Such a failure of the energy storage can lead to a failure of the entire system. In a vehicle, failure of the traction battery can result in the vehicle "stalling". For other applications, such as the rotor blade adjustment of
• Wind turbines it may in unfavorable conditions, such as strong Wnd, even come to safety-threatening situations. Therefore, it is always high Reliability of the energy storage, where "reliability" is the ability of a system to work for a given time error-free.
• the battery module strands in this case have a plurality of battery modules connected in series, each battery module having at least one battery cell and an associated controllable coupling unit, which allows depending on control signals to interrupt the respective battery module strand or to bridge the respectively associated at least one battery cell or each assigned to switch at least one battery cell in the respective battery module string.
• suitable activation of the coupling units e.g. with the help of pulse width modulation, suitable phase signals for controlling the electrical machine can be provided, so that on a separate
• Pulse inverter can be dispensed with.
• the required for controlling the electrical machine pulse inverter is so to speak integrated into the battery.
• the present invention provides a system having an n-phase, externally excited electrical machine, with n> 1, a controllable first energy store, which has n parallel power supply branches, wherein each of the power supply branches has a first connection, which in each case has one
• Phase connection of the electrical machine is connected, and a second terminal, which is respectively connected to a common reference rail, has, wherein the reference rail is connected via a field winding of the electric machine with the neutral point of the electric machine.
• the present invention provides a method of operating a system having an n-phase, externally excited electrical machine, with n> 1, and a controllable first energy store, which is n parallel
• Has energy supply branches The method comprises the steps of Providing a DC voltage portion to each of the power supply branches, feeding the DC voltage portion into the phase terminals of the N-phase electric machine, and feeding a field winding of the electric power
• An idea of the present invention is to feed a field winding of a foreign-excited electric machine via the star point of the electric machine.
• a further idea of the present invention is to change the potential at the star point of an electrical machine by simply controlling energy storage modules in the energy supply branches in order to vary the current through the excitation winding of the electrical machine and thus be able to change the excitation of the machine.
• the drive methods can be integrated in a simple manner into existing drive concepts for driving the stator windings of the electric machine.
• a system in each of the n parallel power supply branches may have at least two energy storage modules connected in series, which each comprise at least one electrical energy storage cell with an associated controllable coupling unit.
• the coupling units can be configured in full-bridge circuit or half-bridge circuit, depending on whether a reversal of the current direction in the power supply branches is desired or not.
• a part of the series-connected energy storage modules can be controlled via the coupling units so that in each of the power supply branches to the output power supply voltage, a DC component is applied.
• This DC component can then be fed via the phase terminals and the star point of the electric machine in the excitation winding. This allows the potential in the star point to be varied in several stages. By appropriate clocking of at least one energy storage module, the potential at the star point can also be adjusted continuously.
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a system with an electric
• Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a system with an electrical
• Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a system with an electrical
• Fig. 2 shows a system with an electric machine 1 and a controllable
• the electric machine 1 is exemplified as a three-phase electric machine 1, which is powered by a controllable first energy storage 2 with energy.
• the controllable first energy storage 2 comprises three
• Power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c which on the one hand with a reference potential 9 (reference rail), which leads in the illustrated embodiments with respect to phases U, V, W of the electric machine 1 a mean potential, via terminals 4a, 4b, 4c, and on the other are each connected to the individual phases U, V, W of the electric machine 1.
• a connection 3a of a first power supply branch 2a with a first phase connection 1a of the electric machine 1 a connection 3b of a second energy supply branch 2b with a second phase connection 1b of the electrical machine 1
• a connection 3c of a third energy supply branch 2c with a third phase connection 1 c of the electric machine 1 is coupled.
• Each of the power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c has in series
• Energy storage modules 5a, 6a and 5b, 6b and 5c, 6c Exemplary is the Number of energy storage modules per power supply branch 2a, 2b, 2c in Fig. 2 two, but any other number of energy storage modules is also possible.
• the energy storage modules 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c in turn each comprise a plurality of series-connected electrical energy storage cells in one
• Energy storage cell device 7 In this case, the number of energy storage cells in an energy storage cell device 7 in Fig. 2 by way of example two, but any other number of energy storage cells is also possible.
• the energy storage modules 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c furthermore each include a coupling unit 8, which is assigned to the energy storage cells 7 of the respective energy storage module 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c.
• the coupling units and the energy storage cell devices are only in the energy storage module 5c with
• the energy storage modules 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 6c may include similar coupling units and energy storage cell devices.
• the coupling units 8 are each formed by four controllable switching elements, which are connected in the form of a full bridge.
• the switching elements may be used as power semiconductor switches, e.g. in the form of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) or as MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors).
• IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
• MOSFETs Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors
• Coupling units 8 each as a half-bridge circuit with only two in each case
• Half-bridge circuits have the advantage of having lower power losses due to the lower number of switching elements, but have the disadvantage that the voltage at the output terminals 3a, 3c of the
• Power supply branches can not be reversed.
• Coupling units 8 the respective power supply branch 2a, 2b, 2c
• Power supply branch 2a, 2b, 2c are switched.
• Coupling units 8 determined and can be set in stages. The gradation results in dependence on the voltage of the individual
• the coupling units 8 thus allow the phases U, V, W of the electrical
• the power and operating mode of the electric machine 1 can be controlled by the controllable first energy store 2 with suitable control of the coupling units 8.
• the controllable first energy storage 2 thus fulfills a dual function insofar as it on the one hand the electrical power supply on the other hand but also the control of
• Electric machine 1 is used.
• the electric machine 1 has stator windings, which in a known manner in
• the electric machine 1 is in the illustrated embodiments as a three-phase three-phase machine
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a system with an electric machine 1 and a controllable energy store 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• the system shown in Fig. 3 differs from the system shown in Fig. 2 only in that at a neutral point 10 of the electric machine 1, a field winding 1 1 is connected, which in turn via the
• Energy storage 2 is connected. In conventional control of the controllable first energy storage 2 is located at the star point 10 to an average potential. However, this potential can be shifted by the fact that in each case the energy storage cells 7 of one or more energy storage modules 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c of each energy supply branch 2a, 2b, 2c by appropriate control of the associated coupling units 8 permanently or clocked with positive or negative Poling in the respective
• Power supply branch 2a, 2b, 2c are switched.
• the voltages at the power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c are thus each increased to a value or which is above or below a voltage value currently required for the power supply of the electric machine 1.
• Power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c can be a DC component over the
• Phase terminals 1a, 1 b, 1c are fed into the star point 10, so that the potential in the star point 10 is variable.
• a variable current can be conducted through the exciter winding 11, so that a variable exciter field in the electric machine 1 can be generated.
• This interconnection which can be done within the electrical machine, eliminating the need for a separate motor connection to power the excitation winding 11th
• Energy storage modules 5a, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c, a reversal of the current through the excitation winding 1 1 can be achieved.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a system with an electrical machine and a controllable energy store according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
• the system of Figure 4 differs from the system of Figure 3 essentially in that each of the power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c has only one energy storage module. Furthermore, in the
• Energy storage modules of the power supply branches 2a, 2b, 2c coupling units and energy storage cells 7 are provided which are associated with the respective energy storage modules.
• the power supply branch 2a the power supply branch 2a
• Energy storage module 5a with coupling units 8a and 8b and a

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=45446050

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2011
  • 2011-02-10 DE DE102011003940A patent/DE102011003940A1/de active Pending
  • 2011-12-29 CN CN201180067214.5A patent/CN103354975B/zh active Active
  • 2011-12-29 US US13/984,311 patent/US9425723B2/en active Active
  • 2011-12-29 WO PCT/EP2011/074244 patent/WO2012107150A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2011-12-29 EP EP11805062.4A patent/EP2673877A2/fr not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events