EP2672213B1 - Vergaser für bei niedriger temperatur verflüssigtes gas - Google Patents

Vergaser für bei niedriger temperatur verflüssigtes gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2672213B1
EP2672213B1 EP11860385.1A EP11860385A EP2672213B1 EP 2672213 B1 EP2672213 B1 EP 2672213B1 EP 11860385 A EP11860385 A EP 11860385A EP 2672213 B1 EP2672213 B1 EP 2672213B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vaporizing
region
heat
inlet
inter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11860385.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2672213A4 (de
EP2672213A1 (de
Inventor
Makoto Nishimura
Kohichi Shinkai
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Publication of EP2672213A4 publication Critical patent/EP2672213A4/de
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/04Distributing arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • F28D5/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/14Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by endowing the walls of conduits with zones of different degrees of conduction of heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014Nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F17C2227/0316Water heating
    • F17C2227/0318Water heating using seawater
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05Regasification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2270/00Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaporizer for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ), by means of heat exchange with a heat medium such as seawater.
  • a cryogenic liquid such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquid nitrogen (LN 2 )
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • LN 2 liquid nitrogen
  • this vaporizer comprises a vaporizing tube panel 102 extending along a specific vertical plane, and a seawater supply section 104 for supplying seawater to the vaporizing tube panel 102.
  • the vaporizing tube panel 102 comprises a plurality of vaporizing tubes (heat transfer tubes) 106, and an inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe (inlet-side header) 108.
  • the seawater supply section 104 is designed to supply seawater from an upper end of the vaporizing tube panel 102 to allow the seawater to flow down along a surface of the vaporizing tube panel 102.
  • Each of the vaporizing tubes 106 is disposed to extend in a vertical direction to allow a liquefied natural gas (cryogenic liquid) to flow therethrough so as to cause a heat exchange with an external medium, thereby vaporizing the liquefied natural gas.
  • the plurality of vaporizing tubes 106 comprised in the vaporizing tube panel 102 are arranged on the specific vertical plane and side-by-side in a horizontal direction to have mutually parallel postures.
  • the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 is designed to distribute liquefied natural gas to the respective vaporizing tubes 106 comprised in the vaporizing tube panel 102.
  • the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 is disposed to extend in the horizontal direction and connected to respective lower ends of the vaporizing tubes 106 comprised in the vaporizing tube panel 102.
  • the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 distributes liquefied natural gas to the respective vaporizing tubes 106, and the distributed liquefied natural gas flows through each of the vaporizing tubes 106 upwardly.
  • seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 104 flows down along and outside the vaporizing tubes 106.
  • heat exchange is performed between the liquefied natural gas and the seawater, through a tube wall of the vaporizing tube 106 separating an inside and an outside thereof. This allows the liquefied natural gas to be vaporized into natural gas (NG).
  • NG natural gas
  • a water protection cover 110 is disposed to cover an upper side of a first region a1 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108.
  • the water protection cover 110 is designed to prevent seawater from directly hitting against the first region a1 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108. This makes it possible to suppress a fluctuation in heat amount of liquefied natural gas (vaporized liquefied natural gas) when the vaporizer is operated at a low load under a condition that a temperature of seawater is relatively high.
  • the vaporizer disclosed in the Patent Document 1 when a cryogenic liquid (liquefied natural gas) is vaporized, a difference in temperature occurs between an end (region a2 in FIG. 11 ) and a central portion (region a2 in FIG. 11 ) of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 in a longitudinal direction of the distribution pipe 108. If such a temperature difference occurs, the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 is likely to undergo bending deformation, due to a difference in amount of thermal expansion/shrinkage in each of the vaporizing tubes 106 caused by the temperature difference. This results in the occurrence of warpage in the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108, and the occurrence of stress in a joining area between the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 and each of the vaporizing tubes 106.
  • a cryogenic liquid liquefied natural gas
  • a temperature in a region located longitudinally outside a region a1 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108 where the plurality of vaporizing tubes 106 are arranged becomes greater than a temperature in the region a1. That is, in the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108, a temperature of a longitudinal end a2 becomes greater than a temperature of the region a1. This is based on the following reason.
  • the water protection cover 110 can prevent the heat-exchanging liquid from directly hitting against the first region a1 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108.
  • the water protection cover 110 covers only a region adjacent to the vaporizing tube 106 at the endmost position, in the horizontal direction.
  • a (relatively high-temperature) heat-exchanging liquid subjected to no heat exchange with the cryogenic liquid also hits against the second region a2 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a cryogenic liquid vaporizer having the features defined in the preambles of claims 1 and 6.
  • Patent Documents 4 to 8 Other conventional vaporizers are known from Patent Documents 4 to 8.
  • Patent Documents 4 to 7 suggest suppressing heat transfer from the heat-exchanging liquid to a region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution tube where the vaporizing tubes are arranged.
  • a cryogenic liquid vaporizer for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid, which comprises the features defined in claim 1.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section functions to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area, from the heat-exchanging liquid to the second region.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section may be a heat insulating member surrounding the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, wherein the heat insulating member has a heat conductivity less than a heat conductivity of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe.
  • This configuration makes it possible to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat-exchanging liquid to the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, as compared to a heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat-exchanging liquid to the first region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, in an easy and reliable manner.
  • the heat insulating member has given stretchability.
  • This configuration makes it possible to prevent damage of the heat insulating member due to thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe.
  • the heat insulating member surrounding the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe has given stretchability.
  • the heat insulating member can stretch or contract according to thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe. This makes it possible to effectively prevent damage of the heat insulating member due to thermal expansion/shrinkage (particularly, thermal expansion/shrinkage in a radial direction) of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section may be a cover member which is disposed on an upper side of the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, and formed in a shape capable of covering over the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, in top plan view.
  • This configuration can prevent the heat-exchanging liquid flowing down outside the vaporizing tube at the endmost position in a longitudinal direction of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe (horizontal direction) and undergoing almost no heat exchange with the cryogenic liquid flowing through the vaporizing tube, from hitting against the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe. This makes it possible to prevent the occurrence of a temperature difference between the first region and the second region in the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe.
  • the second region is a region between the partition wall and the vaporizing tube located on the side of the one end.
  • a cryogenic liquid vaporizer for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid, which comprises the features defined in claim 6.
  • the heat conductivity of the pipe wall in the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe is less than that of the pipe wall in the first region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, so that, even when a heat-exchanging liquid having a temperature greater than that of the first region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe hits against the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, it becomes possible to prevent the occurrence of a temperature difference between the cryogenic liquid flowing through the first region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe, and the cryogenic liquid flowing through the second region of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe. This makes it possible to prevent bending deformation of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe due to the above temperature difference.
  • a cryogenic liquid vaporizer (hereinafter also referred to simply as “vaporizer”) according to this embodiment is a so-called open rack vaporize (ORV) for subjecting a supplied cryogenic liquid to heat exchange with an external heat-exchanging liquid to thereby vaporize the cryogenic liquid.
  • the vaporizer according to this embodiment is designed to vaporize a liquefied natural gas (LNG).
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the heat-exchanging liquid for use in this embodiment is seawater.
  • the vaporizer comprises a plurality of (in this embodiment, two) vaporizing tube blocks 11, a distributing pipe 12, a collecting pipe 14, and a seawater supply section (liquid supply section) 30.
  • the distributing pipe 12 is designed to distribute LNG to the respective vaporizing tube blocks 11.
  • the collecting pipe 14 is designed to collect vaporized LNG (natural gas (NG)) from the vaporizing tube blocks 11.
  • the seawater supply section 30 is designed to supply seawater to an upper portion of each of a plurality of aftermentioned vaporizing tube panels 16 to allow the seawater to flow down along a surface of the vaporizing tube panel 16.
  • the number of the vaporizing tube blocks 11 to be provided in the vaporizer 10 is not limited to two or more, but may be one.
  • Each of the vaporizing tube blocks 11 comprises a plurality of (in this embodiment, five) vaporizing tube panels 16, an inlet-side manifold 17, and an outlet-side manifold 19.
  • the number of the vaporizing tube panels 16 to be comprised in one of the vaporizing tube blocks 11 is not limited to five, but may be any other suitable number.
  • Each of the vaporizing tube panels 16 comprises: a plurality of (in this embodiment, ninety) vaporizing tubes (heat transfer tubes) 21 arranged on a vertical plane and side-by-side to have mutually parallel postures; an inlet-side header (inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe) 22; a heat-transfer suppressing section 23; and an outlet-side header 24.
  • the number of the vaporizing tubes 21 to be comprised in one of the vaporizing tube panels 16 is not limited to ninety, but may be any other suitable number.
  • Each of the vaporizing tubes 21 is a tube made of a metal material having high heat conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and formed to extend in an up-down direction.
  • the inlet-side header 22 is designed to distribute LNG from the inlet-side manifold 17 to the respective vaporizing tubes 21.
  • the inlet-side header 22 is a pipe extending in a horizontal direction along the vertical plane on which the vaporizing tubes 21 are arranged side-by-side.
  • the inlet-side header 22 is made of a metal material having high heat conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, as with the vaporizing tubes 21.
  • the inlet-side header 22 is connected to respective lower ends of the vaporizing tubes 21 comprised in one of the vaporizing tube panels 16.
  • the inlet-side header 22 is internally provided with a header inner pipe 50.
  • the inlet-side header 22 has one end connected to the inlet-side manifold 17 to allow LNG to be supplied from the inlet-side manifold 17 via the header inner pipe 50 disposed thereinside.
  • the header inner pipe 50 is a tubular-shaped member extending along the inlet-side header 22, and is disposed inside the inlet-side header 22 in a coaxial relation to the inlet-side header 22 (see FIG. 3 ).
  • the header inner pipe 50 has an outer diameter less than an inner diameter of the inlet-side header 22. Therefore, when the header inner pipe 50 is disposed inside the inlet-side header 22, a given space is defined between an outer peripheral surface of the header inner pipe 50 and an inner peripheral surface of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the header inner pipe 50 is connected to the inlet-side manifold 17 to allow LNG to be supplied thereinside.
  • the header inner pipe 50 has a plurality of holes 51 formed in a pipe wall (peripheral wall) thereof at positions corresponding to respective ones of the vaporizing tubes 21 along an axial direction of the header inner pipe 50. At each of the positions corresponding to the respective ones of the vaporizing tubes 21 along the axial direction, the hole 51 is provided in a number of two or more (in this embodiment, four).
  • the two or more holes 51 at the position corresponding to a respective one of the vaporizing tubes 21 along the axial direction are arranged in a circumferential direction of the header inner pipe 50 in such a manner that a center of each of the holes 51 is located in a lower half of the header inner pipe 50.
  • the header inner pipe 50 is provided inside the inlet-side header 22 to form a double-pipe structure, and the plurality of holes 51 are provided in the header inner pipe 50 at positions corresponding to the respective vaporizing tubes 21, so that LNG is distributed to the respective vaporizing tubes 21 at an even flow rate.
  • the two or more holes 51 are provided in the header inner pipe 50 at the position corresponding to the respective one of the vaporizing tubes 21, so that a flow of LNG flowing into the vaporizing tube 21 becomes uniform. Specifically, when LNG flows out of the two or more holes 51 at the position corresponding to the respective one of the vaporizing tubes 21, and then flows between the inlet-side header 22 and the header inner pipe 50 toward the vaporizing tube 21, it flows upwardly in the circumferential direction of the inlet-side header 22 and then flows into the vaporizing tube 21.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section 23 is provided on each of opposite ends of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section 23 is designed to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area, from seawater to the inlet-side header 22.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section 23 is configured to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area, when heat of seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 30 is transferred to an overall (entire) second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 means a region of the inlet-side header 22 which is located outside a region (first region) A1 where the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 are arranged, in a longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the inlet-side header 22 (see FIGS. 3 and 4 ).
  • the first region A1 is a region of the inlet-side header 22 where the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlet-side header 22. That is, it is a region of the inlet-side header 22 between opposite endmost ones of the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 arranged along the inlet-side header 22, in the longitudinal direction.
  • the second region A2 is a region located outside the first region A1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the second region A2 is a region of the inlet-side header 22 located inside the chamber, except the first region A1.
  • each of the vaporizing tube blocks 11 is disposed to allow an end of the inlet-side header 22 on a side opposite to the inlet-side manifold 17 is located inside the chamber H.
  • the second region A2 consists of a second sub-region A2 located on the side of the inlet-side manifold 17 (in FIG. 3 , on a left side) with respect to the first region A1, and a second sub-region A2 located on a side opposite to the inlet-side manifold 17 (in FIG. 3 , on a right side) with respect to the first region A1.
  • the second sub-region A1 on the opposite side is a region ranging from an outer edge of one of the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 disposed at a right end thereof, to a right end of the inlet-side header 22, in FIG. 4 .
  • the second sub-region A2 on the side of the inlet-side manifold is a region ranging from an outer edge of one of the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 disposed at a left end thereof in FIG. 4 , to a partition wall H1 of the chamber H in which the vaporizing tube blocks 11 are disposed (see FIGS. 1 , 3 and 6 ).
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section 23 is a heat insulating member covering the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the heat insulating member 23 has a heat conductivity less than that of the inlet-side header 22 (specifically, the pipe wall of the inlet-side header 22).
  • the heat insulating member 23 is formed by a tape made of foamed plastic, such as urethane foam, and wound around the inlet-side header 22 to cover a surface of the second region A2. Specifically, the tape has given stretchability. The tape is overlappingly wound around the entire second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 until a thickness thereof from the surface (outer peripheral surface) of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 becomes 1.5 mm, for example.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating member 23 is appropriately set, based on a temperature difference between seawater flowing down toward the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22 and seawater flowing down toward the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, the heat conductivity of the heat insulating member 23 and so on.
  • the heat insulating member 23 is provided on only the second region A2, but it is not provided on the first region A1. That is, the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22 is in an externally exposed state, and the second region A2 is in a state in which it is entirely covered by the heat insulating member 23.
  • the heat insulating member 23 is provided on the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, so that a heat transfer rate from seawater (specifically, seawater supplied from the seawater supply section 30) to the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 is suppressed as compared with a heat transfer rate from the seawater to the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the heat insulating member 23 has given stretchability because it is formed by the tape having stretchability.
  • the heat insulating member 23 itself expands or shrinks according to the thermal expansion/shrinkage. This makes it possible to effectively prevent damage, such as breakage of the heat insulating member 23 due to thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inlet-side header 22 (particularly, thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inlet-side header 22 in a radial direction thereof).
  • the outlet-side header 24 is designed to collect vaporized LNG from the vaporizing tubes 21 and send it to the outlet-side manifold 19.
  • the outlet-side header 24 is a pipe extending parallel to the inlet-side header 22.
  • the outlet-side header 24 is connected to the vaporizing tubes 21 comprised in one of the vaporizing tube panels 16, and connected to the outlet-side manifold 19.
  • the plurality of vaporizing tube panels 16 each configured in the above manner are arranged in a direction (in FIG. 2 , a right-left direction) orthogonal to a panel plane (the vertical plane on which the vaporizing tubes 21 are arranged) to have mutually parallel postures.
  • the inlet-side manifold 17 is designed to distribute LNG from the distributing pipe 12, to the respective vaporizing tube panels 16.
  • the inlet-side manifold 17 is a pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the inlet-side header 22 (in this embodiment, a direction approximately orthogonal to the inlet-side header 22: a direction perpendicular to a drawing sheet in FIG. 3 ).
  • the inlet-side manifold 17 is connected to the respective inlet-side headers 22 comprised in one of the vaporizing tube blocks 11, and is connected to the distributing pipe 12.
  • the outlet-side manifold 19 is designed to collect vaporized LNG (i.e., NG) from the vaporizing tube panels 16 and send it to the collecting pipe 14.
  • the outlet-side manifold 19 is a pipe extending in a direction intersecting with the outlet-side header 24 (in this embodiment, a direction approximately orthogonal to the outlet-side header 24: a direction perpendicular to a drawing sheet in FIG. 3 ).
  • the outlet-side manifold 19 is connected to the respective outlet-side headers 24 comprised in one of the vaporizing tube blocks 11, and is connected to the collecting pipe 14.
  • the distributing pipe 12 is a pipe extending approximately parallel to the inlet-side manifold 17.
  • the distributing pipe 12 is connected to the respective inlet-side manifolds 17.
  • the distributing pipe 12 has an inlet-side connection portion 12a to which a pipe P1 is connected to supply LNG to the vaporizer 10 from the outside.
  • the collection pipe 14 is a pipe extending approximately parallel to the outlet-side manifold 19.
  • the collection pipe 14 is connected to the respective outlet-side manifolds 19.
  • the collecting pipe 14 has an outlet-side connection portion 14a to which a pipe P2 is connected to send NG to the outside, such as a destination for consumption.
  • the seawater supply section 30 comprises a trough 31, a seawater header 32 and a seawater manifold 33 (see FIGs. 5A and 5B ).
  • the trough 31 is disposed adjacent to an upper end of each of the vaporizing tube panels 16.
  • the trough 31 is configured to supplying seawater to the upper end of each of the vaporizing tube panels 16 to allow the seawater to flow down along the surface of the vaporizing tube panel 16 (specifically, the vaporizing tubes 21 constituting the corresponding vaporizing tube panel 16).
  • the seawater header 32 is configured to supply seawater to each of a plurality of the troughs 31.
  • the seawater manifold 33 is configured to distribute seawater to a plurality of the seawater headers 32.
  • the vaporizing tube blocks 11 of the vaporizer 10 configured as above are disposed inside the chamber H surrounded by a wall such as a concrete wall, as illustrated in FIG. 6 .
  • each of the vaporizing tube blocks 11 is disposed inside the chamber H in such a manner that the inlet-side manifold 17 and the outlet-side manifold 19 of the vaporizing tube block 11 are located outside the chamber H.
  • the chamber H has a partition H1 separating between an inside and outside of the chamber at a position between the set of vaporizing tubes 21 and the inlet-side manifold 17 in the longitudinal direction of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the inlet-side header 22 penetrates through the partition wall H1 at a position between an end thereof (on the side of the inlet-side manifold 17) and one of the vaporizing tubes 21 located on the side of the end of the inlet-side header 22, and the outlet-side header 24 penetrates through the partition wall H1 at a position between an end thereof (on the side of the outlet-side manifold 19) and one of the vaporizing tubes 21 located on the side of the end of the outlet-side header 24.
  • a heat insulating member is provided to entirely cover a surface of each of the pipes 12, 14, 17, 19 disposed outside the chamber H.
  • the vaporizer 10 configured as above is operable to vaporize LNG in the following manner.
  • Seawater is supplied from the troughs 31 to respective surfaces of the vaporizing tube panels 16.
  • LNG is supplied from a supply pump or the like to the distributing pipe 12 via the pipe P1 connected to the inlet-side connection portion 12a.
  • the distributing pipe 12 distributes LNG supplied from the supply pump or the like, to each of the inlet-side manifolds 17 connected to the distributing pipe 12.
  • Each of the inlet-side manifolds 17 distributes LNG from the distributing pipe 12, to the respective inlet-side headers 22 connected to the inlet-side manifold 17.
  • Each of the inlet-side headers 22 distributes the supplied LNG to the respective vaporizing tubes 21 connected to the inlet-side header 22.
  • the LNG supplied from the inlet-side header 22 flows inside of each of the vaporizing tubes 21 in a direction from the lower end to upper end of the vaporizing tube 21.
  • the LNG flowing through the vaporizing tube 21 undergoes heat exchange with seawater flowing down along a surface of the vaporizing tube 21, through the tube wall of the vaporizing tube 21. Based on this heat exchange, the LNG is vaporized into NG.
  • the seawater supply section 30 supplies seawater to not only a primary region where the vaporizing tubes 21 of the vaporizing tube panel 16 are provided, but also a region outside the primary region in a width direction (an arrangement direction of the vaporizing tubes 21 in the vaporizing tube panels 16). This is intended to allow each of the vaporizing tubes 21 located at opposite endmost positions in the width direction to sufficiently contact seawater in the entire circumference of the vaporizing tubes 21.
  • seawater flows down along the vaporizing tube panel 16 toward the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22, and reaches the inlet-side header 22, it is cooled to a sufficiently low temperature by heat exchange with LNG in the vaporizing tubes 21.
  • seawater flowing down outside the vaporizing tubes 21 i.e., flowing down toward the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22
  • the pipe wall in the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 has a temperature greater than that of the pipe wall in the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22 subjected to the heat exchange with water.
  • LNG supplied to the vaporizing tube 21 adjacent to the second region A2 (vaporizing tubes 21 at an endmost position in the width direction of the vaporizing tube panel) (specifically, LNG flowing upwardly along the circumferential direction of the inlet-side header 22 when it flowing out of the holes 51 of the header inner pipe 50 and then flowing between the header inner pipe 50 and the inlet-side header 22 toward the vaporizing tube 21) has a temperature greater than that of LNG supplied to he vaporizing tube 21 at a centermost position of the first region A1.
  • the heat insulating member 23 is provided on the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, so that a heat transfer amount per unit area, from the relatively high-temperature seawater to the pipe wall in the second region A2, is suppressed. This prevents the occurrence of a temperature difference between LNG supplied to the vaporizing tube 21 adjacent to the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, and LNG supplied to the vaporizing tube 21 at a centermost position of the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • Vaporized LNG, i.e., NG, from the vaporizing tubes 21, is collected by the outlet-side header 24, and sent to the outlet-side manifold 19.
  • the NG sent to the outlet-side manifold 19 is sent to a destination for consumption or the like, via the collecting pipe 14, and the pipe P2 connected to the outlet-side connection portion 14a.
  • the heat insulating member (heat-transfer suppressing section) 23 functions to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area, from seawater to the overall second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 (a region of the inlet-side header 22 inside the chamber H housing the vaporizing tube blocks 11, except the first region A1).
  • the heat insulating member (heat-transfer suppressing section) 23 functions to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area, from seawater to the overall second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 (a region of the inlet-side header 22 inside the chamber H housing the vaporizing tube blocks 11, except the first region A1).
  • the overall (entire) second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 is surrounded by the heat insulating member 23. This makes it possible to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area from seawater to the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, as compared to a heat transfer amount per unit area from seawater to the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22, in an easy and reliable manner.
  • the heat insulating member 23 has given stretchability, so that it becomes possible to prevent damage of the heat insulating member 23 due to thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the inlet-side header 22 thermally expands or shrinks due to a temperature difference between during operation of the vaporizer 10 and during stopping of the vaporizer 10.
  • the heat insulating member 23 surrounding the inlet-side header 22 has given stretchability, so that it can stretch or contract according to thermal expansion/shrinkage of the inlet-side header 22. This makes it possible to effectively prevent damage of the heat insulating member 23 due to thermal expansion/shrinkage (particularly, thermal expansion/shrinkage in the radial direction) of the inlet-side header 22.
  • An inlet-side header of this vaporizer is made of aluminum and formed to have an outer diameter of 165.2 mm.
  • the inlet-side header has a heat transfer rate of 5000 W/mK.
  • the heat insulating member has a heat conductivity of 1W/mK.
  • a temperature of LNG flowing the second region of the above inlet-side header was measured while supplying LNG having a temperature of - 145°C, to the inlet-side header, under the following three conditions: without any heat insulating member; with a heat insulating member having a thickness of 0.5 mm; and with a heat insulating member having a thickness of 1.5 mm.
  • a result of the measurement is illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the graph in FIG. 7 shows that a temperature rise of LNG flowing through the inlet-side header due to seawater can be suppressed by providing a heat insulating member on the second region of the inlet-side header even if the heat insulating member has a relatively small thickness, as compared to the case without any heat insulating member.
  • cryogenic liquid vaporizer of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope thereof as set forth in appended claims
  • a specific configuration of the heat insulating member 23 is not particularly limited.
  • the heat insulating member 23 in the above embodiment is formed by overlappingly winding (wrapping) a tape made of foamed plastic such as urethane foam, around the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, it is not limited thereto. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 8 , the heat insulating member may be tubular and bottomed tubular-shaped members 23A, 23B each made of a material having relatively small heat conductivity (e.g., resin such silicon resin or polyvinyl chloride resin; foamed rein; or resin incorporating glass fiber or rubber).
  • Each of the tubular-shaped heat insulating member 23A and the bottomed tubular-shaped heat insulating member 23B has an inner peripheral surface 123 with a diameter (inner diameter) corresponding to a diameter (outer diameter) of an outer peripheral surface of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, or with an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter.
  • the tubular-shaped heat insulating member 23A is fit on the second sub-region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 on the side of the inlet-side manifold 17.
  • the bottomed tubular-shaped heat insulating member 23B is fit on the second sub-region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 on a side opposite to the inlet-side manifold 17. In this manner, the overall second region A2 is surrounded by the insulating members 23A, 23B.
  • the heat insulating member may be formed by foamed plastic, such as urethane foam, sprayed onto the surface of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 to have a given thickness.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section is not limited to the configuration surrounding the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the heat-transfer suppressing section may be a cover member 60 (see FIG. 9 ) disposed on an upper side of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, and formed in a shape capable of covering over the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, in top plan view.
  • This cover member 60 has a width (in a horizontal direction) greater than the outer diameter of the inlet-side header 22 so as to cover over the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, in top plan view.
  • cover member 60 is disposed on the upper side of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22, in spaced-apart relation to (or in contact with) the second region A2.
  • the above configuration can prevent seawater flowing down outside the vaporizing tube at the endmost position in the longitudinal direction of the inlet-side header (horizontal direction) and undergoing almost no heat exchange with LNG flowing through the vaporizing tube, from hitting against the second region of the inlet-side header.
  • the pipe wall of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header may be made of a material having a heat conductivity less than that of the pipe wall of the first region A1 of the inlet-side header.
  • the pipe wall of the first region A1 may be made of a metal material having high heat conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, as with the first embodiment, and the pipe wall of the second region A2 may be made of iron or SUS.
  • only the pipe wall in the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 may be formed in a layered structure in a thickness direction of the pipe wall.
  • This configuration can suppress heat conductivity in a direction from s surface (outer peripheral surface) of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header to an inside of the second region A2 (inner peripheral surface of the inlet-side header), so that a heat conductivity (equivalent heat conductivity) of the pipe wall of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 becomes less than that of the pipe wall of the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • a heat conductivity equivalent heat conductivity
  • the pipe wall of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 is composed of a plurality of layers (in the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 10 , two layers), and a heat-transfer suppressing layer 62 filled with air or a heat insulating material is formed between the layers.
  • a heat conductivity (equivalent heat conductivity) in the pipe wall of the second region A2 of the inlet-side header 22 becomes less than that in the pipe wall of the first region A1 of the inlet-side header 22.
  • the number of layers constituting the pipe wall may be three or more.
  • the header inner pipe 50 is provided inside the inlet-side header 22.
  • the vaporizer is not limited to this configuration. That is, the vaporizer may be configured to allow LNG to be directly supplied from the inlet-side manifold 17 to the inlet-side header 22, without providing the header inner pipe 50.
  • cryogenic liquid vaporizer of the present invention is useful for vaporizing a cryogenic liquid, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquid nitrogen (LN 2 ), by means of heat exchange with a heat medium such as seawater, and suited to suppress bending deformation due to a difference in temperature of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe in a longitudinal direction thereof.
  • a cryogenic liquid such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or liquid nitrogen (LN 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer (10) zum Verdampfen einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit, mit:
    einem Verdampfungsröhrenpaneel (16), das eine Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21), die sich jeweils in einer vertikalen Richtung erstrecken und die kryogene Flüssigkeit hindurchströmen lassen sollen, um so einen Wärmetausch mit einem externen Medium herbeizuführen, wodurch die kryogene Flüssigkeit verdampft wird, und ein Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohr (22) aufweist, um die kryogene Flüssigkeit auf die jeweiligen Verdampfungsröhren (21) zu verteilen, wobei die Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) auf einer vertikalen Ebene und Seite an Seite in einer horizontalen Richtung angeordnet ist und das Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohr (22) so angeordnet ist, dass es sich in der horizontalen Richtung erstreckt und mit jeweiligen unteren Enden der Verdampfungsröhren (21) verbunden ist; und
    einem Flüssigkeitszufuhrabschnitt (30) zum Zuführen einer wärmetauschenden Flüssigkeit von einem oberen Ende des Verdampfungsröhrenpaneels (16) aus, um die wärmetauschende Flüssigkeit entlang der Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) herabfließen zu lassen,
    gekennzeichnet durch
    einen Wärmeübertragungsunterdrückungsabschnitt (23) zum Unterdrücken einer Wärmeübertragungsmenge pro Flächeneinheit von der wärmetauschenden Flüssigkeit auf einen zweiten Bereich (A2) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22), der in der horizontalen Richtung außerhalb eines ersten Bereichs (A1) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) liegt, wobei der erste Bereich (A1) dort ist, wo die Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) angeordnet ist, und der Wärmeübertragungsunterdrückungsabschnitt (23) nur auf dem zweiten Bereich (A2) vorgesehen ist.
  2. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer (10) wie im Anspruch 1 definiert, wobei der Wärmeübertragungsunterdrückungsabschnitt (23) ein wärmeisolierendes Element (23) ist, das den zweiten Bereich (A2) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) umgibt, und das wärmeisolierende Element (23) eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit hat, die geringer als eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) ist.
  3. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer (10) wie im Anspruch 2 definiert, wobei das wärmeisolierende Element (23) eine vorgegebene Dehnbarkeit hat.
  4. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer wie im Anspruch 1 definiert, wobei der Wärmeübertragungsunterdrückungsabschnitt (23) ein Abdeckelement (60) ist, das auf einer Oberseite des zweiten Bereichs (A2) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) angeordnet ist und in einer Form ausgebildet ist, die dazu imstande ist, in Draufsicht den zweiten Bereich (A2) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) zu bedecken.
  5. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer (10) wie in einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 definiert, wobei ein Teilabschnitt des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22) zwischen einem Ende von ihm und einer der Verdampfungsröhren (21), die auf der Seite des einen Endes liegt, so angeordnet ist, dass er durch eine Trennwand (H1) geht, wobei der zweite Bereich (A2) ein Bereich zwischen der Trennwand (H1) und der Verdampfungsröhre (21) ist, die auf der Seite des einen Endes liegt.
  6. Kryoflüssigkeitsverdampfer zum Verdampfen einer kryogenen Flüssigkeit, mit:
    einem Verdampfungsröhrenpaneel (16), das eine Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21), die sich jeweils in einer vertikalen Richtung erstrecken und die kryogene Flüssigkeit hindurch fließen lassen sollen, um so einen Wärmetausch mit einem externen Medium herbeizuführen, wodurch die kryogene Flüssigkeit verdampft wird, und ein Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohr (22) aufweist, um die kryogene Flüssigkeit auf die jeweiligen Verdampfungsröhren (21) zu verteilen, wobei die Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) auf einer bestimmten vertikalen Ebene und Seite an Seite in einer horizontalen Richtung angeordnet ist und das Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohr (22) so angeordnet ist, dass es sich in der horizontalen Richtung erstreckt und mit jeweiligen unteren Enden der Verdampfungsröhren (21) verbunden ist; und
    einem Flüssigkeitszufuhrabschnitt (30) zum Zuführen einer wärmetauschenden Flüssigkeit von einem oberen Ende des Verdampfungsröhrenpaneels (16) aus, um die wärmetauschende Flüssigkeit entlang der Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) herabfließen zu lassen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    bezüglich einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit einer Rohrwand in einem ersten Bereich (A1) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22), in dem die Vielzahl von Verdampfungsröhren (21) angeordnet ist, eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit einer Rohrwand in einem zweiten Bereich (A2) des Zwischenverdampfungsröhrenverteilerrohrs (22), der in der horizontalen Richtung außerhalb des ersten Bereichs (A1) liegt, einen kleineren Wert hat.
EP11860385.1A 2011-03-10 2011-12-19 Vergaser für bei niedriger temperatur verflüssigtes gas Active EP2672213B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2011052378A JP5714944B2 (ja) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 低温液化ガスの気化装置
PCT/JP2011/007075 WO2012120580A1 (ja) 2011-03-10 2011-12-19 低温液化ガスの気化装置

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CN103403483B (zh) 2015-09-09
CN103403483A (zh) 2013-11-20
EP2672213A4 (de) 2015-03-04
KR20130132638A (ko) 2013-12-04
JP5714944B2 (ja) 2015-05-07
JP2012189125A (ja) 2012-10-04
KR101489114B1 (ko) 2015-02-02
EP2672213A1 (de) 2013-12-11
WO2012120580A1 (ja) 2012-09-13

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