Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
  • H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
  • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
  • B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
  • B05D3/142—Pretreatment
  • B05D3/144—Pretreatment of polymeric substrates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/04—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
  • C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
  • C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
  • C23C18/1212—Zeolites, glasses
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
  • C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
  • C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/1225—Deposition of multilayers of inorganic material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
  • C23C18/1233—Organic substrates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
  • C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
  • C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
  • C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
  • C23C18/1254—Sol or sol-gel processing
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
  • H01B3/427—Polyethers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
  • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
  • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
  • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
  • H05B3/18—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being embedded in an insulating material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
  • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for the coating of an insulation component, comprising PEEK, for the insulation of an electrically conductive heating cable. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an insulation component, comprising PEEK, for the insulation of an electrically conductive heating cable and such an insulated electrically conductive heating cable.
• oil extraction sites can also be used to extract oil, in which the oil must be separated from the sand in a separation process.
• the oil is usually extracted by heating the oil sands.
• the viscosity of the bound oil is reduced so that it can be pumped off in a conventional manner.
• heated steam, heated air or similar hot gases are used to heat the oil sands.
• This has the disadvantage that in a very complex way, a possibility must be created to transport the gases to the desired position in the ground, namely to the storage location of the oil sands.
• due to the fact that deposits are sometimes very deep and extensive a great deal of effort has to be made with regard to the resulting pressure loss when introducing the gases / vapors.
• induction can be used as a physical principle.
• induction cables ie electrically conductive heating cables
• electrically conductive heating cables for the above-described extraction of oil from oil sands deposits, a highly aggressive environment exercise prevails.
• the heating cable must withstand temperatures of permanently over 250 ° C, which prevail under a steam atmosphere and a H 2 S steam atmosphere at an overpressure of 15 bar.
• a simple electrically conductive heating cable such as a
• Copper cable would not adequately withstand such an environment.
• the isolation of such heating cables also presents the environment with extraordinary problems.
• Even highly resistant plastics, in particular plastic PEEK, are not sufficiently resistant to be permanently used in such atmospheres.
• a heating cable is also to be understood as meaning an inductor for the extraction of oil sand, in which, during operation, the surrounding soil is excited by means of induction, so that an increase in temperature occurs.
• Object of the present invention to provide a method that makes it possible to provide an insulation of electrically conductive heating cables that allows their use under the above-described aggressive environmental conditions. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a corresponding insulation component as well as an electrically conductive heating cable insulated therewith.
• the above object is achieved by a method having the features of independent claim 1. Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. In this case, features and details which are described in connection with the insulation component according to the invention and the electrically conductive heating cable according to the invention apply, of course also in connection with the method according to the invention and in each case vice versa, so that the revelation of the individual aspects of the invention is always or may be referred to alternately.
• this insulation component has PEEK.
• PEEK polyether ether ketone
• the insulation component is made entirely or substantially entirely of PEEK.
• the insulating component is used to insulate an electrically conductive heating cable.
• the insulating component has a geometric shape so that it can be placed around the heating cable for the insulation.
• the insulating member is designed as a hollow cylindrical shape having a length which is smaller than the length of the electrically conductive heating cable.
• electrically conductive heating cables with lengths of several kilometers, for example two kilometers, are used.
• Corresponding insulation components in the form of a hollow cylinder are dimensioned with a few meters, for example, about 9 meters.
• the method according to the invention can be carried out on relatively small units, namely the insulating component, and nevertheless a very large electrically conductive heating cable can also be insulated in accordance with the invention by an insulation component coated according to the invention.
• a method according to the invention has the following steps for coating the insulation component:
• the problem with the PEEK material is that it also has high resistance to reactivity due to its high resistance to aggressive environments. Thus, it can be described as "inert”, which prevents the adhesion from being able to occur in a conventional manner via a bonding process with a protective layer and the material of the insulating component Be activated surface of the insulating component, so that this surface is chemically capable of overcoming the material's own inertia and to enter into a corresponding frictional connection with the protective layer, It should be noted that by the plasma flame, which, for example, with A particularly good activation takes place in this way, the material PEEK becomes surface-active and can enter into a viable connection or a reaction with other chemicals in an economically justifiable time.
• the activation process by means of a cold plasma process is relatively inexpensive to carry out.
• a temporary change in the chemical properties of the insulating component is carried out on its surface by the plasma flame, so that subsequently the protective layer can adhere.
• the adhesion of the protective layer is important because during the introduction of a corresponding electrically conductive heating cable with such insulation in areas for oil sands a necessary elongation of up to 1% and more is necessary for the protective layer. Failure to provide a bond between the PEEK insulating layer and the PEEK insulation component would result in cracks in the protective layer and, thus, the aggressive environmental environment could cause premature corrosion of the PEEK material and premature failure of the heating cable would bring with it.
• a further advantage of a method according to the invention is that, due to the plasma activation of the surface of the insulation component, this activation lasts for a relatively long time. In particular, this activation remains active for several days, so that the step of treating the surface with the plasma flame can be configured temporally and spatially separately from the step of applying at least one protective layer.
• the protective layer it is possible for the protective layer to be carried out only after the assembly of the respective insulation component on the electrically conductive heating cable. This has the advantage that the protective layer can form a closed protective layer even at the abutting areas of individual insulation components in the longitudinal direction of the electrically conductive heating cable. In this way, even further improved shielding against the harsh environmental conditions can be achieved.
• treating the surface of the insulating component with at least one cold plasma flame in sections means that at least the portions of the surface of the insulating component are appropriately treated and coated after the insulating component has been attached to the electrically conductive heating cable to show its isolation to the outside and would accordingly come in contact with the aggressive environmental conditions.
• the electric conductive heating cable is in the frame
• the present invention preferably a copper cable with about 100 to 160 mm in diameter.
• a method according to the invention can be carried out, for example, by means of a ring in which one or more cold plasma flames point to the center of this ring.
• continuous treatment of the surface of the insulating component can take place.
• an alternating voltage is preferably applied to the ring and fed via gas connections oxygen, nitrogen and C 3 H 8 the ring and thus the plasma flame for their production.
• a further advantage is the particularly environmentally friendly activation in that during the plasma process no unnecessary exhaust gases are produced, which could be perceived as environmental pollution.
• the protective layer can be different formations.
• At least one protective layer is applied as a sol-gel layer by a sol-gel method.
• the sol-gel process is used by spraying the activated surface with, for example, a sol-gel solution.
• This solution has a solvent, for example an alcohol. It vaporizes very quickly or instantly and leaves a thin film with oxidic and pre-oxidic nanoparticles through evaporation.
• the application and evaporation of the solvent can ensure that a substantially or completely sealed film surrounds the material of the insulating component. In this way, so to speak, creates a dense, glassy oxide layer.
• this oxide layer has the advantage that it protects the material of the insulating component, in particular the PEEK, from the aggressive environmental conditions in the desired manner.
• the oxide layer is able to form a good adhesion with the surface of the material of the insulating component.
• This makes it possible that a material expansion of more than 1% of the protective layer can be sustained. This is due to the fact that a material, the thinner it is, the more length deformation can endure without showing a cracking. In this way it is ensured that the desired shielding against the aggressive environmental conditions not only after carrying out the method according to the invention, but also when introducing into the desired position in the earth's interior for heating oil sands.
• the protective layer is applied in such a way. conditions that a layer thickness of at least 2 ⁇ is achieved. Preferably, a layer thickness of between 2 and 5 ⁇ .
• the protective layer can also consist of individual protective layer films, which can store one another achieve a correspondingly greater protective layer thickness of in particular up to 30 ⁇ .
• Under 2 ⁇ is a minimum layer thickness to understand to avoid open spots and continuous cracks in the protective layer. Such a continuous crack is to refer to the radial orientation of the insulating component. This would lead to a leakage through which the material of the insulating component, ie in particular the PEEK, would be exposed directly to the aggressive environmental conditions.
• the step of applying the protective layer is carried out at least twice.
• the layer thickness of the protective layer is increased.
• the layer thickness is increased to about 30 ⁇ m, so that even better protection against corrosion leakage can be achieved.
• the individual steps of applying the protective layer are carried out such that between the individual application steps only partially or not at all a drying or curing of the previously applied
• Protective layer could take place. This has the advantage that, at the time of application of the next protective layer, the underlying protective layer is still able to form a non-positive connection, for example play by material reason to enter.
• both a same protective layer, as well as different protective layers can be used.
• different protective layers can be stored one above the other in order to combine their quality of protection with different focal points to form a common and accordingly higher-grade protective layer.
• a method according to the invention is followed by at least one drying step for the protective layer. This drying step is carried out at a temperature above room temperature, in particular between 100 ° C and 200 ° C.
• a temperature range between 120 ° C and 180 ° C is preferred. In this way, the speed of implementation of the method can be accelerated.
• the drying step serves to accelerate the curing of the applied protective layer. It should be noted that when using several protective layer films which are applied to one another, the drying step is to be carried out finally, ie after the last application of a protective layer film. In this way, the individual protective layers can be applied one after the other in a relatively rapid manner one after another, and finally a rapid completion of the insulating component by a method according to the invention can be ensured via the drying step.
• the drying step may take place, for example, by heating the insulation components together in an oven prior to mounting on the heating cable.
• a method according to the invention is carried out in a single production line, so that substantially continuously activating the
• Isolation component, a coating of the insulating component and then, in particular, a drying of the insulating component can take place in a continuous process.
• at least one protective layer is applied as an adhesive, in particular directly on the surface of the insulating component.
• the advantage is achieved that the frictional connection between an adhesive and the material of the insulating component, ie in particular the PEEK, can be made particularly strong.
• the adhesive itself may already represent the final protective layer or only a part of this protective layer, which in turn is provided with an additional protective layer attached thereto.
• the adhesive is to be understood in particular as a primer, for example, for a sol-gel method in this embodiment.
• a phenol novolac cyanate ester can be used.
• a ring brush is used, which is arranged such that the insulation component is guided by this ring brush during application in such a way that after application, the applied adhesive material in still liquid on the insulation component along direction ring brush through the Gravity moves down. In this way, a substantially constant and above all closed protective layer can be formed. In addition, it is avoided that thickness jumps arise with regard to the layer thickness of the protective layer.
• a single protective layer or protective layer film is formed as an adhesive or as a sol-gel layer, that is to say as a vitreous oxide layer.
• a sol-gel layer that is to say as a vitreous oxide layer.
• Several layers of adhesive or sol-gel layer are also conceivable within the scope of the present invention. bar.
• a combination of an adhesive and a sol-gel layer is conceivable, wherein in particular the adhesive has been applied directly to the surface of the insulating component.
• a method according to the invention can be further developed such that after the application of the protective layer in the form of the adhesive, a curing step is carried out in such a way that the adhesive becomes dimensionally stable without already completely curing. This leads to the fact that also further protective layers can be applied.
• the further application can take place, for example, in a next process step by spraying the surface with an alcoholic sol-gel mixture.
• the curing step preferably takes place with a greater distance when operating with flames or with heat radiators.
• the adhesive preferably exhibits a thermal decomposition point of 400 to 420 ° Celsius after its curing. Accordingly, the adhesive itself can already have a protective effect, and be understood as a protective layer in the context of the present method.
• this is designed for coating an insulating component with a hollow-cylindrical shape, which in particular has a length which is smaller than the length of the electric heating cable.
• a compact unit of the insulation component having a length of, for example, less than approximately 10 m in large quantities can be treated and coated in accordance with the invention.
• the application can be done by combining a variety of insulation components even with much longer electrical heating cables by the individual insulation components are used adjacent to each other. This reduces not only the production costs but also the expense of storing and transporting the insulation components.
• a further advantage is achieved if, in a method according to the invention, after the surface of the insulating component has been treated with at least one cold plasma flame and before the at least one protective layer is applied to the treated surface of the insulating component, an assembly is carried out on the electrical heating cable ,
• a particularly effective protective effect can be achieved by the coating. This is based, in particular, on the fact that in the case of a coating carried out after assembly with the protective layer, the joints between individual adjoining insulating components are treated and coated in accordance with the invention. This results in a continuous or substantially continuous protective layer over the course of the entire electrical heating cable, regardless of the number of used and adjoining insulation components.
• the treatment of the surface of the insulating component can be carried out with at least one cold plasma flame with a ring surrounding the insulating component.
• a ring is particularly advantageous in the production of a circumferential protective layer, as has been described in the preceding paragraph. This can be a cost-effective production, in particular in a continuous or semikontinuierli - tend manner to be performed.
• At least two protective layers in particular particular all protective layers consist of the same or substantially the same material. Large layer thicknesses can thus be applied in layers without material differences, such as different thermal expansions or the like, that could lead to mechanical or electrical or thermal problems.
• Another object of the present invention is an insulation component, comprising PEEK, for the isolation of an electrically conductive heating cable.
• This insulating component is characterized in that the surface of the insulating component is at least partially provided with a protective layer.
• an insulation component according to the invention is designed such that it can be produced by a method according to the invention. Accordingly, an insulation component according to the invention has the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to a method according to the invention.
• Another object of the present invention is an electrically conductive heating cable, which has been isolated by at least one insulation component according to the invention, having the features of the present invention. Accordingly, a correspondingly electrically conductive heating cable has the same advantages as have been explained in detail with regard to an insulation component according to the invention or with regard to a method according to the invention.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of a way the
• FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an insulating component produced in accordance with the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an insulating component produced according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an insulation component produced according to the invention
• FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an insulation component produced according to the invention
• FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an insulation component produced according to the invention.
• FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of an insulation component according to the invention.
• a plasma flame ring is provided, which is shown schematically in FIG. 1 and can be charged with C 3 H 8 .
• a connection for an AC voltage is provided at the bottom of the ring to produce the plasma in the desired manner.
• the ring in particular in a rotating manner, is moved along the axis of the insulation component 10.
• the surface of the insulation component 10 is activated. This activation overcomes the inertness of the reaction and thus enables a frictional connection with the insulating component.
• a protective layer 20 is the application of a protective layer 20. The result of such a production step is shown in FIG. FIG.
• FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, a schematic cross section of an embodiment of an insulation component 10. This is provided with a protective layer 20.
• the protective layer 20 is in this embodiment, a sol-gel layer 22, with a thickness D, which is greater than or equal to 2 ⁇ .
• the sol-gel process has preferably been carried out in such a way that the desired film having a desired layer thickness has been produced by evaporation of a solvent. Subsequently, a curing process was performed which left a glassy oxide layer of nanoparticles.
• FIG. 3 shows the insulation situation with an insulation component 10 according to the invention according to FIG. 2.
• the insulation component 10 can be wrapped around the electrically conductive heating cable 100 in an insulated manner.
• the heating cable can be used in the aggressive environmental condition, for example in the extraction of oil sands used for heating the same.
• FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7 show alternative embodiments of an insulation component 10 according to the invention by a method according to the invention. These differ by different Schichtdickenart and different number of layer thicknesses.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which five protective layers result in a common protective layer 20. In this case, five films of a sol-gel solution were produced one above the other as respective sol-gel layer 22. In this way, the layer thickness D could be increased, in particular be increased to a range of 30 ⁇ .
• FIG. 5 shows the possibility of combining different materials for the protective layer 20.
• the lation component 10 of this embodiment has first been coated with an adhesive 24.
• This adhesive 24 was only partially cured in a curing process, so that it remained dimensionally stable but still viscous.
• a sol-gel layer 22 was applied to the adhesive 24 in a sol-gel process.
• a frictional connection between the insulating member 10 and the adhesive 24 and between the adhesive 24 and the sol-gel layer 22 could be achieved.
• the chemical composition properties and thus the protective mechanisms of the adhesive layer 24 and the sol-gel layer 22 could be combined with one another in order to even better resist the aggressive environmental conditions with regard to the protection of the insulating component 10 during its use.
• FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the insulation component 10.
• the protective layer 20 in this embodiment consists of an adhesive 24. This is likewise applied in a manner prescribed by a method according to the invention, that is to say after the plasma activation of the surface of the insulating component 10.
• FIG. 7 shows that the adhesive as adhesive layer 24 can also be double or even multiple.
• the layer thickness D is also increased, so that the shielding effect is increased against the aggressive environmental conditions.
• a further advantage of increased layer thicknesses D is that in this way the mechanical stability of the protective layer 20 can be enhanced. During use, cracks can be further minimized in this way, so that the long-term stability of the correspondingly insulated electrically conductive heating cable 100 has been increased even further.

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