Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
  • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
  • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
  • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
  • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
  • B21C37/0815—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams without continuous longitudinal movement of the sheet during the bending operation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
  • B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
  • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
  • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
  • B21D5/015—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments for making tubes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device and a method for forming flat products in slotted tubes or pipe precursors, comprising at least one mecanicumformwerkmaschinezeug for at least gradually forming the flat product in the radial direction of the Schlitzrohr- or Rohrvoreck- cross section to produce and at least one outer mold for forming the flat product from the outside ,
• the production of particularly thick-walled tubes is usually carried out by stepwise forming of flat products into a so-called slotted tube.
• sheets are spirally wound so that their side edges abut one another and by introducing a helical weld a tube with a round cross-section is produced.
• the conversion of the flat product usually also takes place in two steps, wherein a first transformation leads to a precursor having a contour that corresponds to a sequence of polygons. A nearly circular contour of the cross section is then achieved in a second step by means of an expander.
• the person skilled in the art usually speaks of a two-dimensional "contour" of the tube cross-sections and a three-dimensional "shape" of the entire tube, slot tube or tube precursor.
• This conversion is often carried out on the basis of empirical values of the operating personnel, whereby the positioning of the flat products in the forming as well as the adjustment of the respective degrees of deformation in each section requires a lot of experience.
• This process becomes all the more complex if steel grades with different strengths and correspondingly different forming behavior are to be formed into slotted tubes.
• An industrial production of such slotted tubes is therefore due to several disturbances, such as sheet thickness and batch fluctuations and the springback after forming a very complex process.
• At least one light source for example a superluminescent diode or a white light source and at least one receiver are connected to at least one forming tool and serve to measure the slot pipe or pipe precursor inner contour.
• a light source for example a superluminescent diode or a white light source
• at least one receiver are connected to at least one forming tool and serve to measure the slot pipe or pipe precursor inner contour.
• any optical measuring device comprising a light source and a receiver.
• the measuring device comprises a laser source and a laser detector.
• a device which allows a particularly accurate means of a high-precision verification of the respective forming steps up to the final verification of the contour of the entire cross-section, preferably the shape of the slit pipe or pipe precursor.
• the measurement also takes place quickly and can be integrated space-saving in commonly used tube-forming presses of the type described above, without disturbing the forming itself.
• any local, step-by-step forming process or the entire forming process can preferably be continuously checked online and fully automated and, if necessary, a readjustment be carried out.
• control and regulation is regularly based on the results of individual forming steps or the entire forming process, also disturbances such as material fluctuations or inaccuracies in the pre-modeling of the process can be compensated immediately.
• the light source projects light structures, in particular dots, lines or patterns, onto the inner surface of the at least partially formed flat product.
• This light structure can be changed particularly preferably locally and / or temporally.
• the detection and evaluation of the scattered light structure is carried out by a receiver and preferably with a suitable control unit, which then allows the determination of the (two-dimensional) contour and most preferably also the (three-dimensional) shape of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the internal forming tool is part of a forming blade of a tube forming press.
• the individual steps are shown substantially in Figure 1, lowers the forming blade, especially the tool connected to the sword stroke on a flat product, which usually rests on two thrust bearings from.
• the conversion Forming then takes place depending on the distance of the abutment each other, the contour of the Umformhists itself and the stroke of the Umformhists.
• the deformation takes place stepwise to the desired cross-sectional contour or shape of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the distance between the abutment to each other or the relative positions of the Umformhist and abutments to each other and their bending over the length of the slot tube or pipe can be changed to thereby influence the Umformitz targeted.
• the inventive device and the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous for use, since the local transformations, especially curvatures especially after completion of the forming process and lifting the Umformhists from the formed flat product particularly simple and can be safely determined.
• At least one light source and at least one optical receiver are integrated in a common sensor system.
• a modular construction of the measuring apparatus as a whole and space-saving use is particularly advantageously supported or implemented.
• the result is a device in which the laser sensor can be mounted on the forming tool in such a space-saving manner that obstruction of the forming process is completely avoided.
• a light source and a respective receiver are attached to each side of the Umformhists.
• the light source preferably together with the receiver, is rotatably mounted on the internal forming unit. are attached. In this way, it is possible on the device side that a single light source can detect the desired measurement results in each case for at least half the slot pipe or pipe precursor cross section.
• the forming tool arranged on the sword has one or more slots or bores through which the light beam can impinge on the inner surface of the workpiece even in the region of the local deformation.
• a device which, with particularly simple means and without having to modify the design of the internal forming tool, in particular the forming blade, allows a measurement of the entire cross section of the product to be produced.
• the sensors of the type described above are preferably arranged distributed equidistantly over the length of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the sensors of the type described above are preferably arranged distributed equidistantly over the length of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the sensors of the type described above are preferably arranged distributed equidistantly over the length of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the sensors of the type described above are preferably arranged distributed equidistantly over the length of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the sensors of the type described above are preferably arranged distributed equidistantly over the length of the slot pipe or pipe precursor.
• the light source preferably together with the receiver
• height-adjustable is attached to the mecanical apparatus.
• This will particularly advantageously increase the flexibility of the device in the forming of flat products in slotted tubes with different tube cross-section in tube forming presses with forming dies.
• the height adjustment of the light source and the receiver is ideally carried out so that the light source is disposed substantially in the vicinity of the center of the final tube cross-section, whereby the measurement in particular of a finished tube cross-section after the last stroke of the forming sword is facilitated.
• the receiver is connected to a control unit for the forming process.
• This control unit very particularly preferably performs a nominal value-actual value adjustment for the individual measurements and outputs correction values for at least the inner forming tool, possibly also one or more outer tools, based on this setpoint-actual value adjustment.
• the setpoint values can be taken from the control unit to a memory provided for this purpose, and the correction values for the control of the internal forming tool are in turn output as a result of a model for the forming process which has been corrected on the basis of the measured actual values.
• the invention is characterized in that the light source and the receiver are connected to the internal forming tool and the deformation produced at that time, preferably local curvature, which was caused by the internal forming tool on the flat product, is detected at least during the forming process. It may be advantageous if the detection of the contour or the shape of the flat product is continued beyond the forming itself, so as to be able to fully detect springbacks of the previously formed material.
• the light measurement lasts up to one second after completion of the forming process, thus after completion of the contact of the inner forming tool with the flat product.
• a duration of light measurement that is between 0.5 and 1 second longer than the actual forming operation.
• the determination of the contour or shape of the flat product produced by the deformation takes place by means of the triangulation method.
• a light beam is directed onto a workpiece in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
• the light beam scattered by the workpiece is then imaged by a lens on a spatially resolved receiver, for example a CCD line.
• a spatially resolved receiver for example a CCD line.
• the distance between the workpiece inner surface and the receiver is determined.
• a particularly simple and manageable method for determining the actual value of the forming path is provided. From a plurality of mutually adjacent measuring points can then be derived in the same way, the contour or shape of the converted flat product.
• the inventive method uses as the above-discussed in detail device according to the invention particularly preferably a sensor that is rotated during the measuring process so that the laser deformation of each forming step up to the contour or shape of the entire Schlitzrohr- or Can capture pipe precursor cross-section.
• a sensor that is rotated during the measuring process so that the laser deformation of each forming step up to the contour or shape of the entire Schlitzrohr- or Can capture pipe precursor cross-section.
• the device and the method which allow a permanent rotation of the sensor system about its own axis of rotation, thus beyond 360 °.
• the drive for the sensors can be designed particularly simple.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of individual working steps of a forming process for producing a slot pipe from a flat product
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a light sensor system according to the invention for installation on a device according to the invention
• Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the triangulation method used in the invention
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram for the method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows, in eight working steps a) to h), the transformation of a flat product 1 into a slot pipe or pipe precursor 2 with a substantially round cross section.
• step a the flat product 1 is shown with pre-formed edge regions 1a, 1b.
• the edge portions 1a, 1b are usually preformed outside the tube forming presses.
• step b) shows, the forming process in the tube press begins by threading the flat product 1 between two abutments 4a, 4b and the Umformhist 3.
• the forming blade 3 in turn can move stroke wise substantially perpendicular to the flat product 1 out between the two abutments 4a, 4b become.
• FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention for forming a flat product 1 into a slot tube 2 in the form of a conventional tube forming press with abutments 4a, 4b and a forming blade 3, at the head end of which the actual forming tool 3a is attached.
• Figure 2 shows the last step of the forming.
• a laser sensor 5a, 5b are mounted on the left and right, via which the measurement of the contour of the cross section of the tube 2 can be done in total.
• the rotational movement shown by the arrow B does not refer to the entire housing of the laser sensor 5a, 5b, but rather only to individual components of the laser sensor 5a, 5b , in particular the laser source (not shown) and the laser sensor (not shown).
• a sweeping can then be achieved over the entire cross section of the slot tube 2 by the laser beams 6 emitted by the laser source.
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a laser sensor system 5 according to the invention for attachment to a forming blade (not shown).
• the laser sensor 5 comprises as main components a drive motor 9, an angle measuring device 10, a laser source 7 and a laser sensor 8, wherein the laser source 7 together with the laser sensor 8 form the triangulation sensor according to the invention. All of these components 7-10 of the laser sensor 5 are in a housing integrated and can be connected via an interface 11 securely with the (not shown) Umformhist.
• the laser sensor 5 is also attached via the interface 11 so spaced from the (not shown) Umformhist that the laser beam emitted from the laser source 7 preferably continuously can sweep over the entire extent of the previously formed circumference of (not shown) Schlitzrohrqueritess.
• FIG 4 the measuring principle of the triangulation method is shown schematically briefly.
• a laser beam 6 emitted from a laser source 7 strikes, schematically indicated, either on the item 1 or on the item 2 on the inner surface of a flat product 1 to be reshaped or already locally reshaped.
• the laser beams scattered from the inner surface are transmitted from an objective 12 to the receiver 12 depending on the position of the inner surface of the flat product 1 to the laser source 7 at different points ⁇ 1 ', P2 "on the Detector, which is part of the sensor 8, shown.
• the position ⁇ 1 ', P2' on the detector of the laser sensor 8 thus allow a direct inference to the position of the inner surface of the flat product P1, P2 with respect to the laser source.
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram for carrying out a method according to the invention.
• the production takes place as a sequence of individual steps.
• the workpiece or at least individual indentations are measured by means of the system according to the invention. This then leads to the determination of any correction quantities of the model for the or the subsequent step (s).
• the answer to the question then follows as to whether this last step, namely the determination of correction quantities, has been carried out. If yes, the finished and dimensionally stable slot pipe is output. If not, a return to production takes place for the further execution of the forming process.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2011
  • 2011-01-27 DE DE102011009660A patent/DE102011009660B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2011-12-16 KR KR1020137009737A patent/KR20130058064A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2011-12-16 EP EP11807641.3A patent/EP2667984B1/fr active Active
  • 2011-12-16 CN CN2011800660985A patent/CN103328121A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-12-16 CN CN201711056981.1A patent/CN107716606A/zh active Pending
  • 2011-12-16 WO PCT/EP2011/006367 patent/WO2012100802A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2011-12-16 RU RU2013130972/02A patent/RU2579408C2/ru active
  • 2011-12-16 JP JP2013550763A patent/JP2014508042A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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