EP2626306B1 - Tray-Füllmaschine - Google Patents

Tray-Füllmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2626306B1
EP2626306B1 EP12197693.0A EP12197693A EP2626306B1 EP 2626306 B1 EP2626306 B1 EP 2626306B1 EP 12197693 A EP12197693 A EP 12197693A EP 2626306 B1 EP2626306 B1 EP 2626306B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveying device
items
tray
mobile
machine according
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12197693.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2626306A1 (de
Inventor
Bruno Longobardi
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Unisorting Srl
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Unisorting Srl
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
    • B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products
    • B65B25/04—Packaging fruit or vegetables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
    • B65B35/10—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles
    • B65B35/24—Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles by endless belts or chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/44—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation from supply magazines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/42—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation
    • B65B43/46—Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position; Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation using grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B5/00—Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars
    • B65B5/10—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles
    • B65B5/101—Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles by gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tray filling machine.
  • the machine in question finds useful application in the fruit packaging industry, in particular for packaging fruit in trays.
  • packaging that envisages the use of trays intended to contain a determined number of fruits arranged in an ordered way is very common. Normally the fruits are arranged on trays in parallel rows alongside each other, so as to form a substantially ordered matrix. Once the fruits have been positioned, the trays are wrapped in a transparent film or arranged in another container which completes the packaging.
  • the type of packaging described briefly above is usually reserved for higher quality fruit, for which greater protection from impact and scraping is reserved, both during the packaging stage itself, and during the subsequent handling of the complete trays.
  • the positioning of the fruits on the respective trays is currently performed by hand, since other automatic devices do not allow the delicacy to be obtained comparable to that obtained through manual operation.
  • the object of the present invention is to offer a tray filling machine that allows the disadvantages connected with the manual implementation of the tray filling operations to be overcome.
  • An advantage of the machine according to the present invention as disclosed in claim 1 is that it allows the trays to be filled in a totally automated way and with the same delicacy obtainable by manual operations.
  • Another advantage of the machine according to the present invention is that it can be easily integrated in already existing packaging lines.
  • the first conveying device 2 is arranged to receive the items to be packaged, in this case, round shaped fruits, from another feeding device.
  • An example of a feeding device with which the machine according to the present invention can operate extremely effectively is represented by a selecting machine.
  • a selecting machine is in fact able to weigh each individual fruit and send to the machine according to the present invention a determined number of fruits selected based on the weight, so as to form a tray whose weight is as close as possible to a prefixed value.
  • the items to be packaged could however be fed to the first conveying device from machines or devices of another type.
  • the first conveying device 2 comprises one or more mobile lanes 21, 22, preferably at least two, each of which being structured so as to advance a single row of items F along a first direction of transport X.
  • each lane is delimited on the underside by a pair of motorized belts 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b activated by a motor 220.
  • the belts belonging to each pair are slightly inclined with respect to each other so as to form a V or in general to define a concave surface with its concavity facing downwards.
  • a separating surface may be interposed, formed for example by two V-shaped inclined walls with the apex turned upwards.
  • Containment edges 210, 211 can be positioned along the outer sides of the lanes 21, 22. Obviously, if necessary, it is possible to arrange a higher number of lanes than two.
  • the conformation of the first conveying device 2, and in particular the presence of the mobile lanes 21, 22, allows the items F to be fed already split into distinct rows. By determining the number of items F for each row, the first conveying device 2 therefore allows a batch of items F to be formed arranged along at least two parallel rows, and the batch thus arranged to be advanced along the direction of transport X.
  • the mobile lanes 21, 22 extend at least along an end tract of the first conveying device 2, that is, between an intermediate section of the first conveying device and the unloading position S. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the mobile lanes extend between the loading position C and the unloading position S.
  • a motorized roller 25 ( Figure 1 ) can be advantageously positioned, or preferably a motorized roller 25 for each lane 21,22.
  • These rollers 25 are preferably in the form of rotating brushes.
  • the axis of rotation of each motorized roller 25 is preferably oriented in a horizontal direction.
  • the function of the motorized rollers 25 is to promote the channelling of the items F into the lanes 21,22.
  • the motorized rollers 25 are activated in rotation so as to drive the items F forwards.
  • the first conveying device is arranged to move the items F forwards along a substantially horizontal direction of transport X between the loading position C and the unloading position S.
  • the mobile lanes 21, 22 are interrupted and the items F conveyed thereon are transferred from the first conveying device 2 to the second conveying device 3.
  • the items F leave the mobile lanes 21,22 by falling.
  • the machine according to the present invention further comprises a second conveying device 3, structured so as to convey a tray V onto a movement plane 31 arranged in the proximity of the unloading position of the first conveying device 2 beneath the first conveying device.
  • the second conveying device 3 comprises a movement plane 31, positioned beneath the first conveying device 2, structured so as to advance a tray V beneath the unloading position S of the first conveying device 2.
  • the movement plane 31 is substantially horizontal, that is, parallel to the direction of transport X of the first conveying device 2.
  • the movement plane 31 is therefore structured so as to transport a tray V forwards along a direction of transport parallel to the direction of transport X of the first conveying device 2.
  • the movements of the items F and of the tray V are synchronized in a manner such that the tray V transits below the unloading position S whereas the items F transit in correspondence with the same position. This means that the items F can be transferred from the lanes 21,22 to a tray V which is contemporaneously advancing in a parallel direction.
  • the second conveying device 3 comprises a manipulator 32 predisposed to take a tray V from a store 51 and to release the tray on the movement plane 31.
  • This manipulator device 32 comprises a gripping head 33 that is mobile between a first position, wherein it can take a tray V from the store 51, and a second position, wherein it places the tray V over the movement plane 31.
  • the gripping head 33 is for example provided with a pair of suction pads through which it can grip a tray V in correspondence with a bottom surface, as shown in Figure 5 .
  • the gripping head 33 is rotatingly mobile about a first horizontal axis A1 carried out by a first actuator 331.
  • the gripping head 33 In the first position, the gripping head 33 is located in a first angular position with respect to the first axis of rotation A1. In such first angular position, the gripping head 33 is arranged substantially positioned close to the bottom of a tray V held within the store 51 ( Figure 5 ).
  • the gripping head 33 has the possibility to perform a movement along a perpendicular direction to the first axis of rotation A1 through an actuator 333.
  • the gripping head rotates about the first axis A1 to bring itself into the second position, visible in Figure 6 , wherein the tray V is arranged horizontally and can be positioned on the movement plane 31.
  • the second conveying device 3 further comprises a mobile frame 34 which is slidable along a second horizontal axis A2 perpendicular to the first horizontal axis A1 and to the direction of transport X carried out by a second actuator 332.
  • the gripping head 33 is rotatably associated with the mobile frame 34 about the first horizontal axis A1.
  • the first actuator 331 is of the linear type and is associated with the slide 34 and the gripping head 33 so as to exert on the latter an eccentric force with respect to the first axis of rotation A1.
  • the movement plane 31 is also associated with the mobile frame 34.
  • the gripping head 33 is structured so as to be able to place the tray V above the movement plane 31.
  • the movement plane 31 is comprised of a pair of parallel planes between which the gripping head 33 is arranged.
  • the gripping head 33 is also equipped with the possibility to move in a parallel direction to the movement plane 31, with the aim of advancing a tray V along the movement plane 31 itself.
  • the movement in a parallel direction to the movement plane 31 can be obtained by means of a third actuator 333 associated with the mobile frame 34.
  • the mobile frame 34 along with the movement plane 31 and the gripping head 33, is slidable along the second axis A2 between a position aligned with the store 51 for the trays V ( Figure 5 ) and a position aligned with the first conveying device 2 ( Figures 7 and 8 ).
  • a position aligned with the store 51 for the trays V Figure 5
  • a position aligned with the first conveying device 2 Figures 7 and 8 .
  • the gripping head 33 translates in a horizontal direction parallel to the direction of transport X of the guides 21, 22 so as to make the tray V transit beneath the unloading position S of the first conveying device 2 contemporaneously to the unloading of the items F from the unloading position S itself, in a manner such that the items F are deposited without impact onto the tray V in the ways already described above, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 .
  • the gripping head 33 stops gripping the tray V itself which is taken and moved away by a further device, for example a mobile plane 6 of the type illustrated in Figures 2 , 3 , 4 .
  • the gripping head 33 and the mobile frame 34 return to the initial positions for a new cycle of operations that will bring a subsequent tray V beneath the unloading position S of the first conveying device 2 to receive a subsequent batch of items F.
  • the movement plane 31 may not be integral to the mobile frame 34, but placed in a fixed position beneath the first conveying device 2.
  • the mobile frame 34 may take on a position in which it is aligned with the movement plane 31 and the gripping head 33 arranges the tray V on the movement plane 31.
  • the store 51 for the tray V is placed alongside the first conveying device 2.
  • the store 51 comprises a containment structure 511 structured so as to contain a pile of trays V with the bottom facing downwards.
  • Such containment structure 511 as a whole has a longitudinal axis that coincides substantially with the axis of the pile of trays V and is inclined diagonally with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the containment structure 511 comprises two profiles 511a, 511b that are mobile through mutual nearing and distancing, as schematically illustrated in Figure 5 , so as to be adaptable to trays or containers of different sizes.
  • the containment structure 511 further comprises an edge 511c, intended to come into contact with the pile of trays in an opposing position to the profiles 511a, 551b, which is mobile along a perpendicular direction to the axis of the pile of trays in order to be adaptable to trays or containers of different sizes.
  • the adjustment of the position of the profiles 511a,b and of the edge 511c can be obtained through actuators, not illustrated in detail, controlled in a coordinated way by the machine control unit, so as to allow the operator's task to be limited to informing the machine of the tray format and the control unit to make the necessary adjustments.
  • the store 51 is further provided with a bottom barrier 512 mobile between a closing position, wherein it holds in position the lower tray V of the pile of trays V, and an opening position, wherein it releases the lower tray V which can be taken by the gripping head 33.
  • the first and the second conveying devices 2, 3 are synchronized in relation to each other in a manner such that a batch of items F and a tray V transit contemporaneously at the unloading position S, in a manner such that the items F can be arranged on the tray V.
  • each of the lanes 21, 22 may be provided with a surface braking layer (not illustrated in detail) structured so as to hinder the relative sliding movements between the lanes 21, 22 and the items F lying on the lanes 21, 22.
  • This braking layer can be applied to the surface of the lanes 21, 22 intended to come into contact with the items F, in particular it can be applied to the surface of the motorized belts 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b.
  • the braking layer can for example be constituted by a highly adhesive material that hinders sliding and rolling movements of the items F.
  • a braking layer allows the items F to maintain their respective position on the mobile lanes 21, 22 during the sliding of the mobile lanes 21, 22 themselves. This means that, by feeding the items F according to a predetermined time cycle to the mobile lanes 21, 22, it is possible to precisely establish the moment at which each item F reaches the unloading position S and leaves its respective mobile lane so as to be deposited into a tray V that transits contemporaneously beneath the unloading position S.
  • the machine according to the present invention is provided with a synchronization device 4 structured so as to time the advancement of the items F on the first conveying device 2 with the advancement of the tray V carried out by the second conveying device 3, in a manner such that the items F and the tray V transit contemporaneously at the unloading position.
  • This synchronization device 4 comprises a first stop element 41 mobile between an active position, wherein it blocks advancement of the items F along the first conveying device, and an inactive position, wherein it permits advancement of the items F along the first conveying device.
  • the first stop element 41 is in the form of a barrier equipped with flexibility such as not to damage the items F upon contact.
  • the first stop element 41 In the active position, shown in Figure 2 , the first stop element 41 is located in the proximity of the unloading position S of the first conveying device 2. In that position the first stop element 41 prevents the items F from falling off the lanes 21, 22.
  • the first stop element In the inactive position, the first stop element is distanced from the unloading position S and the items F are free to transit forwards.
  • the first stop element is slidable between the active position and the inactive position along a horizontal direction parallel to the direction of transport X of the first advancement device.
  • the synchronization device 4 comprises a second stop element 42, located upstream of the first stop element 41 with respect to the direction of transport X, mobile between an active position, wherein it blocks advancement of the items F along the first conveying device, and an inactive position, wherein it permits advancement of the items F along the first conveying device.
  • the second stop element 42 is also in the form of a barrier equipped with flexibility such as not to damage the items F upon contact.
  • the second stop element 42 is rotatable about a horizontal axis A3 arranged perpendicular to the direction of transport X.
  • the second stop element 42 is associated with a bracket 421 rotating about the horizontal axis.
  • the first and the second stop elements are synchronized in relation to each other in a manner such that when one is located in its respective active position, the other is located in its respective inactive position, and vice versa.
  • the first stop element 41 brings itself into its respective inactive position to allow the batch of fruits F to be deposited on the tray V below brought into position by the second conveying device 3, while the second stop element 42 brings itself into its respective active position to allow the formation of a new batch of items F ( Figures 3 and 4 ), and so on.
  • the synchronisation of the movements of the first and the second stop element 41,42 is obtained through a mechanism that comprises a pair of linear actuators 411, associated with the first stop element and arranged to translate the first stop element along a movement direction which, preferably but not necessarily, is horizontal and parallel to the direction of transport X.
  • a rod 412 is rotatably associated with the first stop element 41 and the bracket 421. In this way, the translation of the first stop element 41 determines, through the rod 412, the rotation of the bracket 421 and, therefore, of the second stop element 42.
  • a forward translation of the first stop element 41 causes a downwards rotation of the second stop element 42, that is, a movement of the first stop element from its active position to its inactive position causes a contemporary movement of the second stop element from its inactive position to its active position, or vice versa.
  • the machine according to the present invention offers important advantages. It allows a tray to be filled with a batch of items arranged in an ordered matrix totally automatically without the need for any manual intervention. The positioning of the items takes place with extreme delicacy, in a manner such that even items of the highest quality can be treated without the risk of suffering damage.
  • the machine according to the present invention can also be integrated very simply in already existing packaging lines.
  • two or more machines according to the present invention can be used in parallel to increase the productivity of the line, without needing to excessively complicate the layout of the packaging line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Schalenfüllmaschine, umfassend:
    eine erste Fördervorrichtung (2), die so strukturiert ist, dass sie eine Vielzahl von Gegenständen (F), die in einer oder mehreren unterschiedlichen Reihen angeordnet sind, zwischen einer Ladeposition (C) und einer Entladeposition (S) entlang einer Transportrichtung (X) transportiert; eine zweite Fördervorrichtung (3), die so strukturiert ist, dass sie eine Schale (V) auf einer Bewegungsebene (31) transportiert, die in der Nähe der Entladeposition der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) unterhalb der ersten Fördervorrichtung angeordnet ist; die erste und die zweite Fördervorrichtung (2, 3) in Bezug aufeinander derart synchronisiert sind, dass die Gegenstände (F) und die Schale (V) gleichzeitig an der Entladeposition durchlaufen und die Gegenstände (F) auf der Schale (V) angeordnet werden können, wobei die Maschine ferner eine Synchronisationsvorrichtung (4) umfasst; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    die erste Fördervorrichtung (2) eine oder mehrere bewegliche Bahnen (21, 22) umfasst, wobei jede Bahn so strukturiert ist, dass sie eine einzelne Reihe von Gegenständen (F) vorschiebt;
    die beweglichen Bahnen (21, 22) an der Entladeposition (S) unterbrochen sind und die darauf beförderten Gegenstände (F) von der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) zur zweiten Fördervorrichtung (3) überführt werden, die die beweglichen Bahnen (21, 22) durch Herunterfallen verlassen;
    die Synchronisationsvorrichtung (4) so strukturiert ist, dass der Vorschub der Gegenstände (F) auf der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) mit dem Vorschub der Schale (V), die durch die zweite Fördervorrichtung ausgeführt wird, derart zeitlich bestimmt ist, dass die Gegenstände (F) und die Schale (V) gleichzeitig an der Entladeposition durchlaufen und die Gegenstände (F) auf der Schale (V) angeordnet werden können;
    die Synchronisationsvorrichtung (4) ein erstes Anschlagelement (41) umfasst, das zwischen einer aktiven Position, in der sie den Vorschub der Gegenstände (F) entlang der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) blockiert, und einer inaktiven Position beweglich ist, in der sie den Vorschub der Gegenstände (F) entlang der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) ermöglicht;
    die Synchronisationsvorrichtung (4) ein zweites Anschlagelement (42) umfasst, das sich stromaufwärts des ersten Anschlagelements (41) befindet und zwischen einer aktiven Position, in der sie den Vorschub der Gegenstände (F) entlang der ersten Fördervorrichtung blockiert, und einer inaktiven Position beweglich ist, in der sie den Vorschub der Gegenstände (F) entlang der ersten Fördervorrichtung ermöglicht;
    das erste und das zweite Anschlagelement so zueinander synchronisiert sind, dass wenn eines in seiner jeweiligen aktiven Position ist, ist das andere in seiner jeweiligen inaktiven Position und umgekehrt.
  2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, wobei sich die beweglichen Bahnen (21, 22) zumindest entlang eines Endabschnitts der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) erstrecken, wobei der Endabschnitt die Entladeposition (S) umfasst.
  3. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, wobei jede Bahn (21, 22) an der Unterseite durch ein Paar motorisierter Riemen (21a,21b,22a,22b) begrenzt ist; die Riemen jedes Paares zueinander geneigt sind, um eine konkave Oberfläche mit ihrer nach unten zugewandten Konkavität zu definieren.
  4. Maschine nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei jede der Bahnen (21, 22) eine Bremsschicht umfasst, die so strukturiert ist, dass sie relative Gleitbewegungen zwischen den Bahnen (21, 22) und den auf den Bahnen (21, 22) liegenden Gegenständen (F) verhindert.
  5. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, wobei die zweite Fördervorrichtung (3) einen Manipulator (32) umfasst, der dazu bestimmt ist, eine Schale (V) aus einem Lager (51) zu entnehmen und die Schale auf die Bewegungsebene (31) zu positionieren.
  6. Maschine nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Manipulator (32) einen Greifkopf (33) umfasst, der zwischen einer ersten Position, in der er eine Schale (V) aus dem Lager (51) entnehmen kann, und einer zweiten Position beweglich ist, in der er die Schale (V) auf die Bewegungsebene (31) legt.
  7. Maschine nach Anspruch 6, wobei der Greifkopf (33) um eine erste horizontale Achse (A1) zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Position drehbar beweglich ist.
  8. Maschine nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Manipulator (32) einem beweglichen Rahmen (34) zugeordnet ist, der entlang einer zweiten horizontalen Achse (A2) gleitet.
  9. Maschine nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Bewegungsebene (31) dem beweglichen Rahmen (34) zugeordnet ist.
  10. Maschine nach Anspruch 8, wobei der bewegliche Rahmen (34) entlang der zweiten Achse (A2) zwischen einer mit dem Lager (51) für die Schalen (V) ausgerichteten Position und einer mit der ersten Fördervorrichtung (2) ausgerichteten Position verschiebbar ist.
EP12197693.0A 2012-02-09 2012-12-18 Tray-Füllmaschine Active EP2626306B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000030A ITMO20120030A1 (it) 2012-02-09 2012-02-09 Macchina riempitrice di vassoi.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2626306A1 EP2626306A1 (de) 2013-08-14
EP2626306B1 true EP2626306B1 (de) 2018-08-22

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US (1) US20130209207A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2626306B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2692384T3 (de)
IT (1) ITMO20120030A1 (de)

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US20130209207A1 (en) 2013-08-15
ES2692384T3 (es) 2018-12-03
ITMO20120030A1 (it) 2013-08-10
EP2626306A1 (de) 2013-08-14

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