EP2624939A2 - Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur abgasreinigung, katalysator sowie pyrolysereaktor - Google Patents
Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur abgasreinigung, katalysator sowie pyrolysereaktorInfo
- Publication number
- EP2624939A2 EP2624939A2 EP11776085.0A EP11776085A EP2624939A2 EP 2624939 A2 EP2624939 A2 EP 2624939A2 EP 11776085 A EP11776085 A EP 11776085A EP 2624939 A2 EP2624939 A2 EP 2624939A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- pyrolysis
- fuels
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/202—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20738—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20753—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
- C01B2203/1058—Nickel catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- Exhaust gas purification device process for exhaust gas purification, catalyst and pyrolysis reactor
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device with which combustion gases originating from combustion devices, in particular diesel engines, can be purified. At least regeneration of the soot particle filter and / or of the NO x catalyst can be achieved with the exhaust gas purification device.
- a soot particle filter and / or a catalyst for reducing the content of nitrous gases (NO x catalyst) is introduced into the exhaust gas stream of the combustion device.
- the core idea of the present invention is based on the fact that in a preceding pyrolytic process of liquid or gaseous carbonaceous fuels by means of a pyrolysis process, excluding gas containing oxygen or oxygen, a gas is produced which predominantly comprises hydrogen or hydrogen Synthesis gas, ie carbon monoxide and hydrogen contains. This pyrolytically produced hydrogen-rich gas mixture / synthesis gas is used to heat a soot particle filter over an oxidation catalyst or LNT (Lean Temperature N0 X Trap).
- This pyrolytically produced hydrogen-rich gas mixture / synthesis gas is also used to reduce the nitrous gases in the NO x storage catalytic converter.
- the present invention also relates to a corresponding process for exhaust gas purification, suitable catalysts for the pyrolysis process and a corresponding pyrolysis reactor.
- Figure 2 shows how the particle and NO x emissions could previously be reduced by motor measures.
- the reduction of particulate matter and NO x emission limits is represented by the European emission standards. With the most modern engine technologies, the Euro 4 standard can be met. With view on Euro 5 standard (January 2009), the use of particulate filters and NO x reduction measures will inevitably become necessary. In addition, the prescribed emission limit values will also be introduced for commercial and off-road vehicles. An expansion to stationary applications will follow as well.
- Particulate filters are loaded with soot until a maximum allowable exhaust backpressure is reached.
- FIG. 3 shows a listing of the common methods for the regeneration of soot particle filters.
- the exhaust gas or the particle filter is heated by a foreign energy to the required oxidation temperature.
- the systems of passive regeneration enable filter regeneration under certain operating conditions without targeted initiation of the oxidation process. In the passive regeneration is no
- a common method for regenerating the soot particle filter is the combination of CRT (continuous regeneration trap) and post-injection.
- CRT system is a continuous regeneration system.
- an oxidation catalyst is attached in front of the particulate filter, which oxidizes the NO in the exhaust gas to N0 2 .
- the N0 2 can oxidize the carbon black at significantly lower temperatures than the molecular weight
- Oxygen in the exhaust gas (about 450 ° C). Depending on the operating condition, however, it is not possible to provide the necessary N0 2 tight. If the exhaust backpressure exceeds a certain value due to soot loading, fuel is injected in front of the oxidation catalyst. The fuel oxidizes in the catalyst and thereby heats the soot particle filter. The soot can then be burned with the N0 2 and the oxygen.
- Soot particle filters can not yet be effectively regenerated in all operating points of a vehicle.
- the exhaust gas temperature is often too low to completely oxidize the injected fuel.
- condensation effects can occur on the oxidation catalyst, and the injected fuel can then occupy the catalyst and possibly damage it. 2. NO x removal
- the reducing agent (a urea-water mixture) is fed into the exhaust line of the engine.
- the urea is converted to ammonia.
- the SCR catalyst the SCR catalyst
- Nitrogen oxides are converted to water and nitrogen with ammonia. This procedure is currently used by LKW ⁇ s. The SCR process is very efficient at temperatures> 300 ° C, rather ineffective at exhaust gas temperatures ⁇ 200 ° C.
- the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are temporarily stored in an "NO x" storage catalytic converter in the "lean” mode (engine air ratio> 1) .
- the nitrogen oxides are oxidized in the catalyst layer to N0 2 and subsequently adsorbed on the storage material Regeneration takes place in substoichiometric engine operation (engine air ratio ⁇ 1), where the stored N0 2 is converted into N 2 with the reducing agents HC (hydrocarbons) and CO 2.
- the storage material is regenerated and is available for new NO x deposits.
- This system is of particular interest to cars as it can be constructed more compactly than the SCR method, with regeneration usually taking place at temperatures of> 250 ° C. In urban areas, for example, the storage catalytic converter can only heat up to to 150 to 180 ° C. A reduction of the storage capacity There is only limited possibility for talysators.
- There are currently several ways to create a syngas It can be the usual reforming processes, such as steam reforming, CPox
- Catalytic Partial Oxidation and the ATR (Autothermal reforming) are used.
- steam reforming water vapor is required in addition to the fuel.
- the reforming is an endothermic process, so it must be supplied from the outside heat.
- the space velocity in steam reforming is low compared to the ATR or CPox.
- carbon is formed at too low temperatures and / or too little water.
- partial oxidation the fuel is reacted with oxygen to form a synthesis gas.
- CPox it is important that the process parameters temperature and air ratio are set precisely, otherwise carbon is formed.
- the ATR requires water vapor and air. Similar to the previously described reforming processes, this process is susceptible to carbon formation.
- the catalyst becomes inactive and must be regenerated.
- the catalysts used in the reforming are not designed for such regeneration cycles. The occurring, higher temperatures can lead to sintering effects and significantly reduce the activity of the catalyst. The processes become inefficient. In addition, precious metals are usually used as active components. The catalysts used in reforming are therefore very expensive. Exhaust aftertreatment systems must be simple, cheap and robust in the first place.
- WO 2004/090296 discloses such a reforming unit for generating hydrogen by steam reforming, partial oxidation of hydrocarbons and / or mixed forms thereof.
- the reforming reactor described here and the synthesis gas produced therewith can be used for NO x removal and for regeneration of soot particle filters.
- the reforming unit can be positioned directly in the exhaust gas chamber and operated with exhaust gas.
- an exhaust gas purification device which comprises a) at least one pyrolysis reactor comprising intermittently anaerobic catalytic pyrolysis of fuels selected from the group consisting of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing fuels (US Pat. eg alcohols, bio oils, biodiesel, pyrolysis oils), liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures or gas mixtures containing hydrocarbons, preferably fuels, in particular diesel fuel and aerobic regeneration of the catalyst, the production of a gas mixture containing hydrogen and a gas mixture containing hydrogen
- LNT Lean NO x trap
- oxidation catalyst and / or the soot particle filter and / or the NO x storage and / or LNT and particulate filters in the exhaust stream of a combustion device preferably an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine is / are arranged.
- a pyrolysis reactor is connected upstream of either an oxidation catalyst and a soot particle filter or a NO x catalyst or an LNT.
- soot particle filter nor an oxidation catalyst (either as a separate component in the exhaust stream or between pyrolysis and
- Soot particle filter is connected upstream. This possibility also applies to the LNT.
- all components can be combined to a total exhaust gas purification system, for example, by soot particulate filter and NO x catalysts are connected in series.
- the exhaust gas purification device is based on the principle that, for example, soot particles and / or nitrous gases which are contained in the offgas stream originating from a combustion device are separated from the exhaust gas flow by means of soot particle filters or NOx catalysts.
- a hydrogen-containing gas mixture is used according to the invention.
- This hydrogen-containing gas mixture originates from a pyrolysis reactor, the pyrolysis reactor based on an anaerobic reaction principle.
- gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon-containing fuels are reacted under anaerobic conditions, ie, with the exclusion of air, oxygen or water vapor, to form a gas mixture containing hydrogen.
- the hydrogen-containing gas mixture produced from the fuels during anaerobic pyrolysis can be, for example, a gas mixture of hydrogen and alkanes, alkenes and / or alkynes produced from the fuel.
- the gas mixture may contain hydrogen and methane.
- the gas mixture it is likewise possible for the gas mixture to contain residual fuels and / or cracked products in addition to the hydrogen.
- a synthesis gas-containing gas mixture i. a gas mixture containing not only hydrogen but also carbon monoxide.
- the above-mentioned synthesis gas-containing gas mixture may consist for example of pure synthesis gas, but also comprise gas mixtures which, in addition to the essential components of the synthesis gas, ie CO and H 2 , may also contain hydrocarbons, such as alkanes, alkenes, especially methane.
- hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, especially methane.
- residues of the fuel used or cracked products, ie fragments of the hydrocarbons used are also conceivable in the synthesis gas-containing gas mixtures obtained.
- Particularly preferably usable fuels are, for example, gaseous hydrocarbons, such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, etc., or mixtures thereof, liquid hydrocarbons, but also mi about this. Particular preference is given to mention diesel, heating oil, gasoline, kerosene, etc.
- oxygen-containing organic compounds such as, for example, alcohols, organic acids, organic esters, biodiesel, bio oils, pyrolysis oil (for example flash pyrolysis), etc., can be used as fuels suitable according to the invention.
- all mixtures of the aforementioned components are possible.
- the new emission control device offers several advantages.
- the pyrolysis system compared to other syngas generators, such as steam reformer, CPox (Catalytic Partial Oxidation), or ATR (autothermal reforming), more robust, the control much easier. Parameters such as air ratio and temperature do not have to be set exactly and no additional water is needed. The common reforming processes require water and / or air. During pyrolysis, in addition to the fuel no other reactant is needed. The regeneration can take place with a very low air volume flow or with exhaust gas.
- Reforming catalysts regeneration is not readily possible, since the occurring during regeneration high temperatures can damage the catalyst.
- the pyrolysis system can replace air for Regeneration can be operated with exhaust gas, thereby eliminating the need for an air compressor or a larger compressed air tank.
- the regeneration can also be operated with a low air flow. Components with high electrical consumption, such as air pumps or a large fan, are eliminated. , Due to the intermittent operation with
- the system In one reactor (pyrolysis regeneration) or in two reactors, which pyrolyze and regenerate alternately, the system only has to be heated up at the beginning. Thereafter, the system can be operated without external heat.
- Air is switched on alternately. If the pyrolysis reactor is preceded by a fuel steamer which evaporates the liquid fuel by a partial oxidation, the diesel is turned on in the interval, the air or the exhaust gas are continuously passed through the pyrolysis system.
- the resulting in the regeneration gas preferably contains a high carbon monoxide content.
- the carbon monoxide can in turn be ignited at the oxidation catalytic converter at low temperatures.
- the pyrolysis reactor comprises a housing inside which the catalyst is arranged, wherein the catalyst comprises a support which is at least partially filled with an alloy, containing iron and nickel, is coated.
- Such a catalyst corresponds to the catalyst claimed according to the invention with claim 19.
- a catalyst has been developed that is thermally and long-term stable.
- a nickel alloy was used, which, for. is applied on a silica support.
- the composition of the active component, the preparation method and the carrier have a great influence on the gas composition and the stability of the catalyst.
- Many potential supports and active components have been tested and studied for thermal stability.
- the developed catalyst can pyrolyze a variety of fuels, gaseous and liquid fuels can be used, and the nature and composition of the fuel also affects the product gas composition.
- the catalyst developed (see below) is cheap and robust. It could be proven in long-term experiments that the catalyst is thermally stable (up to> 1000 ° C). The catalyst contains no precious metals, so it can be produced very inexpensively and is therefore particularly well suited for exhaust aftertreatment. The pyrolysis can be operated in a high power range.
- the molar ratio between iron and nickel in the Catalyst according to the invention which is particularly suitable for use in a pyrolysis reactor in an exhaust gas purification device according to the present invention, between 3: 1 and 1: 5, preferably between 1: 2 and 1: 4, in particular between 1: 2.8 and
- the total content of nickel and iron, based on the carrier is between
- 0.5 and 15 wt .-% preferably between 1 and 10% by weight, particularly preferably between 2.5 and 7.5 wt .-%.
- the material of the carrier is selected from the group consisting of ceramic materials, in particular silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicates, in particular aluminosilicates, zeolites, cordierite and / or metals.
- Particularly preferred geometric shapes of the catalyst according to the present invention are in the form of a powder, a granulate, a honeycomb, a foam, a mesh or a sheet.
- the exhaust gas purification device comprises a fuel evaporator, which is arranged in the housing of the pyrolysis reactor and upstream of the catalyst or upstream of the pyrolysis reactor as a separate component.
- fuel evaporators and methods for their operation are known for example from the publications EP 0 716 225 AI, DE 10 2006 060 669 AI and DE 10 2010 012 945. These evaporators can be used in particular in the exhaust gas purification device according to the invention.
- the functional principle Such evaporator is based on partial oxidation of the fuels with, for example, air, whereby thermal energy for fuel evaporation (enthalpy of vaporization) is provided.
- the components thus formed hydrogen and carbon monoxide and by
- the pyrolysis reactor according to the invention can be formed in one piece, i. a gas inlet and
- Such a reactor may be operated in alternating operation between pyrolysis and regeneration, i. intermittently, operated.
- the pyrolysis reactor is formed at least in two parts along its direction of flow.
- at least two separate chambers are present, which may be of identical construction.
- at least one catalyst is present, which has the properties described above.
- Each chamber may be separately preceded by a fuel evaporator as described above.
- Such a configuration of the pyrolysis reactor allows the intermittent catalytic pyrolysis and aerobic regeneration of the
- Catalyst delayed in the two chambers off can run; ie while, for example, the pyrolysis reaction takes place in the first chamber, the regeneration can take place in the second chamber and vice versa.
- the two processes are preferably carried out in alternating operation between the two chambers. Since the two chambers are in direct proximity to one another, the thermal energy required for pyrolysis can be supplied directly by the regeneration process, in which carbon deposited on the catalyst surface is converted into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide by oxidation of oxygen. In this respect, a particularly efficient and constant operation of the pyrolysis reactor and thus the entire exhaust gas purification device is possible.
- the two chambers can be arranged side by side, but it is also possible that one chamber is formed concentrically in the other chamber.
- the pyrolysis reactor has at least one inlet in the form of at least one air supply and / or at least one nozzle for supplying or injecting the fuels.
- diesel particulate filters are particularly suitable as soot particle filters, in which case wall-flow filters or bypass filters are particularly preferred.
- Preferred suitable NO x catalysts are selected from the group consisting of NO x storage catalysts (for example LNT).
- the pyrolysis reactor of the above-described exhaust gas purification device in the main stream or in a side stream of the exhaust gas stream the incinerator is arranged, or is formed as a separate component.
- exhaust from the combustor may be used directly to regenerate the catalyst.
- a method for the exhaust gas purification of exhaust gases originating from a combustion device by soot particle filter regeneration and / or at least partial removal of soot particles and / or nitrous gases from the exhaust gases, in which at least one oxidation catalyst and / or a soot particle filter and / or at least one catalyst for reducing the content of nitrous gases (NO x catalyst) or LNT (lean NO x trap) and / or a soot particle filter is arranged, wherein during the combustion process, the at least one soot particle filter and / or at least one NO x catalyst at least temporarily with intermittently proceeding anaerobic catalytic pyrolysis of fuels selected from the group consisting of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures, oxygen-containing fuels (eg alcohols, Bio-oils, biodiesel, pyrolysis oils) or gas mixtures which contain hydrocarbons, preferably fuels, in particular diesel fuels, hydrogen-
- fuels selected from the
- the method according to the invention can be carried out particularly preferably with the exhaust gas purification device described above.
- the fuel used depending on the type, to a hydrogen-rich product gas or to a synthesis gas to set.
- hydrocarbons are thermochemically cleaved at higher temperatures, preferably between 500 and 1000 ° C.
- the Spaltun produces solid carbon and a product gas, which, depending on the fuel and reaction condition, has a high hydrogen concentration.
- the decomposition he follows under the action of the catalyst without the addition of oxygen or other reactants, but only under the action of heat.
- the fuels are contacted with a catalyst which catalyzes the pyrolysis and at temperatures between 300 and 1000.degree. C., preferably between 500 and 900, more preferably between 700 and 800.degree Pyrolyzed hydrogen containing gas mixture. It is further preferred if the pyrolysis is carried out alternately with a regeneration phase, during which oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture, but no fuel, is supplied to the reactor during the regeneration phase.
- the latter is operated alternately by supplying the fuel and carrying out a pyrolysis with exclusion of oxygen, stopping the fuel injection in the so-called regeneration phase or a regeneration step and adding oxygen or oxygen-containing gas mixtures to the pyrolysis reactor.
- oxidation of the carbon layer formed on the catalyst surface during pyrolysis takes place; Depending on the reaction conditions, this is converted into carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. set.
- the catalyst surface is exposed again; the catalyst is regenerated.
- a pyrolysis reactor is used along its
- Direction of flow is formed at least two parts, wherein in the two parts of the pyrolysis pyrolysis is carried out in antipode in alternation with the regeneration phase.
- Pyrolysis reactor takes place in two different parts of the pyrolysis reactor, for example, in the event that the pyrolysis reactor consists of two parts, in each case a part of the pyrolysis reactor, each separately and simultaneously, a pyrolysis instead of a regeneration, i. Pyrolysis is carried out in the first part of the pyrolysis reactor and regeneration in the other part of the pyrolysis reactor. After regeneration of the catalyst, the pyrolysis is then carried out in the other part. At the same time, the first part is being regenerated. Since the regeneration process is exothermic, the other part in which the endothermic pyrolysis takes place is simultaneously supplied with the necessary thermal energy.
- the pyrolysis catalyst needs no external power supply to ensure a continuous pyrolysis.
- an evaporation of these fuels is carried out before the pyrolysis step. These fuels are converted to the gaseous state and then fed to the pyrolysis step.
- the evaporation of the liquid entrained enthalpy of vaporization is provided by partial oxidation of the liquid fuels used and / or by heat exchange with the resulting from the combustion device exhaust gases.
- the fuel evaporator described above can be used.
- the catalyst and / or the catalyst be used before or at the beginning of the pyrolysis
- Pyrolysis reactor and / or the evaporator is heated by a separate heating and / or by an oxidation of the fuels and / or by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gases.
- a catalyst is likewise provided which comprises a ceramic carrier which is at least partially coated with an alloy containing iron and nickel.
- the invention also provides a process for preparing the catalyst described above, in which a ceramic support material with an aqueous solution containing iron and nickel salts and a complexing agent, wetted, dried and then calcined at temperatures above 200 ° C, wherein the complexing agent is used overstoichiometrically with respect to the total amount of iron and nickel salts.
- a complexing agent is preferably used. set to increase the dispersity of iron and nickel on the support surface.
- Preferred complexing agents are organic acids, in particular di- or higher valent acids, such as citric or tartaric acid.
- Iron and / or nickel salts in particular their nitrates, chlorides, bromides, citrates, tartrates or mixtures thereof used.
- a powder, a granulate, a honeycomb-shaped body, sheets or corresponding foam-like materials is used as the carrier material.
- drying is carried out at temperatures between 20 and 190 ° C and / or over a period of between 12 hours and 5 days.
- Preferred conditions which prevail in the calcination for example, temperatures between 400 and 1000 ° C, preferably between 500 and 700 ° C.
- a pyrolysis reactor which comprises a housing with at least one front-side inlet and at least one rear-side outlet and a catalyst, which is arranged in the housing between inlet and outlet, as described above.
- Preferred embodiments of the pyrolysis reactor, such as the two-part design, have already been described in detail above.
- Table 1 shows the light-off temperature of a synthesis gas on the oxidation catalyst with and without NO x .
- Synthesis gas compared to the post-injection with liquid fuels offers great advantages, the ignition temperature could be significantly reduced.
- the particle filter can be regenerated with syngas in all operating points.
- Table 2 shows the NO x conversion at different exhaust gas temperatures and reducing agents.
- FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of a pyrolysis reactor according to the invention.
- the fuel vapor in the pyrolysis reactor is converted to a synthesis gas.
- the fuel supply is interrupted when the catalyst is loaded with carbon.
- the pyrolytic reaction carried out in this case is carried out under exclusion of oxygen, in particular of air or oxygen-containing exhaust gases, ie anaerobically.
- FIG. 4 shows an additional air inlet, which, however, only serves to supply the fuel evaporator upstream of the catalytic converter in a substoichiometric manner with air. In this case, partial oxidation of the fuel used takes place, ie a part of the fuel is oxidized to CO or C0 2 . The thermal energy released in this process is used to vaporize the fuel.
- Preferred fuel evaporators are known from the patent applications already mentioned above and can be used according to the invention in the pyrolysis reactor.
- the right picture shows the regeneration of the catalyst with air. If the evaporation operated with air, the air flow can flow continuously through the reactor.
- the fuel evaporator is not shown in the right part of Figure 4 for reasons of clarity.
- (right picture) is the attached carbon with
- Air oxidized to CO and C0 2 Air oxidized to CO and C0 2 .
- the process according to the invention now takes place in such a way that alternately, ie intermittently, an anaerobic pyrolysis (left part of FIG. 4) is operated with the regeneration of the catalyst shown in the right-hand part of FIG.
- the fuel evaporator can also be operated during the pyrolysis with oxygen-containing exhaust gases. The process only needs to be heated up at the beginning.
- the temperature of the catalyst decreases due to the endothermic pyrolysis reaction, and the heat released during the regeneration heats the reactor. It must therefore be supplied during operation, no heat from the outside.
- Both product gases, the synthesis gas after pyrolysis and the regeneration gas, can lower the ignition temperature on the oxidation catalyst.
- the regeneration gas contains up to 30 vol.% CO, so pyrolysis is particularly well suited for use in exhaust aftertreatment systems.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of a "diesel vapor
- FIG. 5 shows the gas composition during pyrolysis at different input powers (relative to FIG on the amount of diesel at the inlet of the evaporator). The experiments have shown that the pyrolysis can be operated with a high thermal input power.
- the regeneration of the catalyst can be carried out instead of air with exhaust gas.
- the residual oxygen in diesel engines is completely sufficient.
- the water contained in the exhaust gas also offers advantages;
- the carbon can also become one with water
- Synthesis gas to be implemented This reaction is endothermic and can prevent any possible temperature peaks during regeneration.
- the reactor can be designed to have two
- Catalyst beds (honeycomb, etc.) contains, which pyrolyze alternately and regenerate. During regeneration, the heat is provided for pyrolysis.
- FIG. 6 shows a possible design variant. The fuel is alternately fed into the left or the right fuel evaporator. directs.
- FIG. 6 shows two fuel evaporators and pyrolysis reactors, which are spatially separated. The two beds are alternately pyrolyzed and regenerated. The regeneration cycle supplies the heat for the pyrolysis. To illustrate the procedure, the fuel evaporator is not shown in the two parts of the reactor in Figure 6, in which the regeneration takes place, but this is still present in the respective part of the reactor.
- the fuel can be passed as a further modification directly without pre-evaporation in the pyrolysis reactor (see Figure 7).
- thermodynamically predominantly H 2 and CH 4 are formed .
- the introduction of the fuel can take place via a nozzle.
- the fuel and the air for regeneration are given intermittently and alternately.
- FIG. 7 shows the direct injection pyrolysis system.
- the fuel and the air for regeneration are given up intermittently.
- the direct injection can be extended with a second catalyst bed (see Figure 8). While the fuel is pyrolyzed in one catalyst bed, the other catalyst bed is regenerated. The regeneration cycle provides the heat for pyrolysis. The temperature does not cool down so much during pyrolysis.
- the active components of the catalyst are Fe and Ni.
- the molar ratio between Fe and Ni may be in the range of 3/1 to 1/5.
- the total metal content can be between 0.5 and 15 wt .-%.
- the optimum Fe / Ni ratio is 1/3.
- the catalyst was prepared as follows (the data refer to the coating of 500 g
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010047249 | 2010-10-04 | ||
DE102010049957A DE102010049957B4 (de) | 2010-10-04 | 2010-10-28 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, Verfahren zur Abgasreinigung sowie Pyrolysereaktor |
PCT/EP2011/004910 WO2012045423A2 (de) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-09-30 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur abgasreinigung, katalysator sowie pyrolysereaktor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2624939A2 true EP2624939A2 (de) | 2013-08-14 |
Family
ID=44883157
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11776085.0A Withdrawn EP2624939A2 (de) | 2010-10-04 | 2011-09-30 | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, verfahren zur abgasreinigung, katalysator sowie pyrolysereaktor |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9074508B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2624939A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010049957B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012045423A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018204456A1 (de) | 2017-11-24 | 2019-05-29 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines katalytischen Verdampfers und Anwendungen des Verfahrens |
KR20210142112A (ko) | 2019-03-27 | 2021-11-24 | 프라운호퍼-게젤샤프트 츄어 푀르더룽 데어 안게반텐 포르슝에.파우. | 배기 가스 배출 제어 장치, 이를 구비한 내연 기관 및 배기 가스 배출 제어 방법 |
CN114135367B (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2023-03-28 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 一种甲烷转化气生成装置及汽车 |
CN114832565B (zh) * | 2021-02-01 | 2023-05-30 | 西南交通大学 | 地下工程施工粉尘及有害气体智能化处理装置及方法 |
DE102021000706A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 | 2022-08-11 | Albonair Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung mit Abgasaufheizung |
DE102022000400A1 (de) | 2021-02-11 | 2022-08-11 | Albonair Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung mit Massenstromregelung |
DE102022003716A1 (de) | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-18 | Albonair Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Abgasaufheizung mit optimierter Kraftstoff-Luftverhältnis-Verteilung |
DE102022003717A1 (de) | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-18 | Albonair Gmbh | Abgaskanal mit Bypass und einer Vorrichtung zur Einstellung des Bypassmassenstromes |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006242020A (ja) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Hino Motors Ltd | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2010121548A (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-06-03 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 排気ガス浄化システム及び排気ガス浄化方法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5817462B2 (ja) * | 1974-09-11 | 1983-04-07 | 昭和電工株式会社 | ピリジンカルボンサンアミド ノ セイゾウホウ |
US4187200A (en) * | 1978-06-20 | 1980-02-05 | Jenkin William C | Method of making a supported porous metal catalyst |
JPS5912115A (ja) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-21 | Samukomu Electron Kk | 自動車排ガス浄化用触媒 |
JPH0671572B2 (ja) | 1989-06-05 | 1994-09-14 | ヒロセ株式会社 | 山留部品の連続再生装置 |
DE4444071C2 (de) | 1994-12-10 | 2001-06-07 | Lothar Griesser | Katalytischer Reaktor zur Verdampfung von Benzin |
JP3706177B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-31 | 2005-10-12 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化装置および排気ガス浄化方法 |
US5873950A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1999-02-23 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Strengthenable ethylene pyrolysis alloy |
DE10135643A1 (de) * | 2001-07-21 | 2003-02-13 | Ballard Power Systems | Vorrichtung zur Versorgung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoff |
US7082753B2 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2006-08-01 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | System and methods for improved emission control of internal combustion engines using pulsed fuel flow |
BR0214668A2 (pt) * | 2001-12-03 | 2011-07-05 | Catalytica Energy Sys Inc | sistema e métodos para um controle de emissão melhorado de motores de combustão interna |
DE10315593B4 (de) | 2003-04-05 | 2005-12-22 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung und -verfahren |
KR100919357B1 (ko) * | 2005-03-01 | 2009-09-25 | 사우디 아라비안 오일 컴퍼니 | 차량에서의 탄화수소 연료의 탑재형 탈탄화 방법 |
DE102006043100A1 (de) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-06-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Reduktionsmittelsteuerung in einer Abgasnachbehandlungsanlage |
DE102006060669B4 (de) | 2005-12-27 | 2010-09-09 | Lothar Griesser | Katalytische Verdampfung von flüssigen Brennstoffen |
TR200605865A2 (tr) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-05-21 | Vestel Elektroni̇k Sanayi̇ Ve Ti̇caret A.Ş. | Doğal gaz ve lpg'nin direkt ayrışması ile hidrojen üretimi yöntemi |
KR100836367B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-21 | 2008-06-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 디젤엔진의 입자상물질과 질소산화물 저감을 위한 정화장치 |
US7888283B2 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2011-02-15 | Lihong Huang | Iron promoted nickel based catalysts for hydrogen generation via auto-thermal reforming of ethanol |
DE102010012945B4 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2013-08-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung von flüssigen Kraftstoffen und brennbaren Flüssigkeiten, Verfahren zum Betreiben sowie Verwendungszwecke |
-
2010
- 2010-10-28 DE DE102010049957A patent/DE102010049957B4/de active Active
-
2011
- 2011-09-30 EP EP11776085.0A patent/EP2624939A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-09-30 US US13/877,811 patent/US9074508B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-30 WO PCT/EP2011/004910 patent/WO2012045423A2/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006242020A (ja) * | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-14 | Hino Motors Ltd | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2010121548A (ja) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-06-03 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 排気ガス浄化システム及び排気ガス浄化方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2012045423A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012045423A3 (de) | 2012-08-30 |
WO2012045423A2 (de) | 2012-04-12 |
US20130219866A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
DE102010049957B4 (de) | 2013-11-14 |
DE102010049957A1 (de) | 2012-04-05 |
US9074508B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE102010049957B4 (de) | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, Verfahren zur Abgasreinigung sowie Pyrolysereaktor | |
Zhang et al. | The development of diesel oxidation catalysts and the effect of sulfur dioxide on catalysts of metal-based diesel oxidation catalysts: A review | |
DE60225321T2 (de) | System und verfahren zur verbesserten emissionskontrolle von brennkraftmaschinen | |
DE10315593B4 (de) | Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung und -verfahren | |
DE112004002324B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Reduzieren von NOx in Dieselmotorenabgas | |
Fino et al. | La–Li–Cr perovskite catalysts for diesel particulate combustion | |
DE102011121222B4 (de) | Produkt umfassend einen Partikelfilter, der einen Perowskit-Katalysator und ein NOx-Speichermaterial umfasst, und Verwendung desselben | |
EP3377815B1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der zündeigenschaft eines brennstoffs, insbesondere zur senkung des schadstoffausstosses von verbrennungseinrichtungen | |
DE102010012945B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Verdampfung von flüssigen Kraftstoffen und brennbaren Flüssigkeiten, Verfahren zum Betreiben sowie Verwendungszwecke | |
EP1157968A1 (de) | Verfahren zur autothermen, katalytischen Dampfreformierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen | |
EP1529155A1 (de) | Brennkraftmaschine mit reduktionsmittelerzeugungseinheit und betriebsverfahren hierfür | |
DE102018118035B4 (de) | Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme, die einen einzelnen elektrisch beheizten katalysator verwenden | |
EP2435672A1 (de) | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem | |
EP2382042B1 (de) | Diesel-oxidationskatalysator mit guter tieftemperaturaktivität | |
DE102006025129A1 (de) | Reformieren von Dieselkraftstoff zur NOx-Reduktion | |
EP0806553B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Abgasreinigung bei Dieselmotoren | |
JP5972274B2 (ja) | 3連続のSCR触媒区画を使用する排気ガスNOx処理 | |
DE69916276T2 (de) | Verfahren zur behandlung durch verbrennung von karbonhaltigen teilchen in der abgasanlage einer brennkraftmaschine | |
EP1319813A2 (de) | Verfahren zur katalytischen Abgasnachbehandlung von motorischen Verbrennungsabgasen | |
DE10337901A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Synthese von Ammoniak und Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine | |
DE69630702T2 (de) | Verfahren und System zur Wärmeübertragung mit Hilfe eines Materials für die unvermischte Verbrennung von Kraftstoff und Luft | |
DE102006043101A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak | |
EP3999726B1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren für die abgasnachbehandlung sowie deren verwendung | |
EP3999725B1 (de) | Abgasnachbehandlung | |
Lyu et al. | Effects of substituting iron for aluminum on the low-temperature catalytic activity and sulfur resistance of hydrotalcite-derived LNT catalysts |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20130429 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: SUSDORF, ALEXANDER Inventor name: AICHER, THOMAS Inventor name: SZOLAK, ROBERT |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
PUAG | Search results despatched under rule 164(2) epc together with communication from examining division |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009017 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170523 |
|
B565 | Issuance of search results under rule 164(2) epc |
Effective date: 20170523 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: C01B 3/22 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: B01J 21/08 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: B01J 37/02 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: F01N 3/025 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: F01N 3/20 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: B01J 23/755 20060101ALI20170518BHEP Ipc: B01D 53/94 20060101AFI20170518BHEP Ipc: C01B 3/26 20060101ALI20170518BHEP |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20200707 |