EP2606522A1 - Cellule électrochimique comprenant au moins un dispositif de décompression - Google Patents

Cellule électrochimique comprenant au moins un dispositif de décompression

Info

Publication number
EP2606522A1
EP2606522A1 EP11748896.5A EP11748896A EP2606522A1 EP 2606522 A1 EP2606522 A1 EP 2606522A1 EP 11748896 A EP11748896 A EP 11748896A EP 2606522 A1 EP2606522 A1 EP 2606522A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure relief
electrochemical cell
sheath
relief device
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11748896.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tim Schaefer
Erhard Schletterer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Li Tec Battery GmbH
Original Assignee
Li Tec Battery GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Li Tec Battery GmbH filed Critical Li Tec Battery GmbH
Publication of EP2606522A1 publication Critical patent/EP2606522A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Electrochemical cell with at least one
  • the present invention relates to an electrochemical cell for a battery assembly, in particular to an electrochemical cell having at least one pressure relief device.
  • batteries primary storage
  • accumulators secondary storage
  • Primary storage is typically charged only once and disposed of after discharge, while secondary storage allows multiple (from a few 100 to over 10,000) cycles of charge and discharge.
  • rechargeable batteries are also referred to as batteries.
  • the present invention will be described in the context of lithium ion batteries for supplying automotive drives. It should be noted that the invention but also regardless of the chemistry and the type of electrochemical cell and the battery and also regardless of the type of powered drive can be used.
  • electrochemical cells which have an electrode stack, which is at least partially enclosed by an envelope.
  • the envelope is intended on the one hand to prevent the escape of chemicals from the electrode stack into the environment and, on the other hand, to protect the constituents of the cell from undesired interaction with the environment, for example against water or water vapor.
  • Such electrochemical cells or storage devices may, for example in the case of overload or short circuit, in the event of damage or overload during normal operation with strong heating from the outside in a thermally overheated state, which generates an increased internal cell pressure, which bursting, Ignite or explode the cell and the housing may result.
  • lithium or lithium-ion batteries there is a special risk because these batteries contain liquid, flammable, organic electrolytes, which can leak out.
  • a lithium-ion battery in a flat construction which has a housing frame with a lateral pressure relief device in the form of a bursting area to allow pressure relief and gas discharge laterally outwards in critical overpressure situations.
  • Electrochemical cells are also known in which a pressure relief device is introduced in the vicinity of the current conductor or laterally into the sealing seam of the cell envelope, the pressure relief device being designed as a local weakening of the sealed seam, for example by means of inserted elements having a lower melting point.
  • KR 10 2009 0076343 A which US 2003/0148173 A1, US Pat. No. 7,122,276 B2, US 2010/01 12436 A1 or WO 2009/078604 A2.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved electrochemical cell, which allows safe relief of internal cell pressure when needed.
  • an electrochemical cell which has an electrode stack, at least one current conductor, which is connected to the electrode stack; and an enclosure which at least partially encloses the electrode stack.
  • the at least one current conductor extends at least partially out of the enclosure and the enclosure is provided with at least one pressure relief device.
  • the at least one current conductor extends out of the enclosure in a first region of the enclosure and the at least one pressure relief device is arranged in a second region of the enclosure facing away from the first region.
  • an electrochemical cell which comprises an electrode stack; at least one current conductor connected to the electrode stack; and a sheath which at least partially encloses the electrode stack.
  • the at least one current collector extends at least partially out of the enclosure and the enclosure is provided with at least one pressure relief device.
  • this at least one pressure relief device is arranged in the installed state of the electrochemical cell in a lower region of the enclosure.
  • an electrochemical energy storage device or battery arrangement is furthermore provided with at least one such electrochemical cell.
  • the at least one current collector in a first region of the enclosure extends out of the latter and the at least one pressure relief device is arranged in a second region of the enclosure facing away from the first region and / or the at least one pressure relief device is in the installed state of the electrochemical cell arranged in a lower region of the enclosure.
  • the at least one pressure relief device as far as possible (far) away from the current conductors and / or arranged in the lower region of the cell.
  • the cells are installed in the battery case and the battery is mounted in the vehicle so that the current conductors protrude in an upper region of the cell out of the cell envelope.
  • the pressure reduction and the material discharge through the at least one pressure relief device neither in the In this way, the reliability of the battery and the safety of the passengers can occur when a critical pressure or temperature condition occurs in the passenger compartment Inside an electrochemical cell can be increased.
  • an "electrochemical energy storage device” is understood as meaning any type of energy store which can be removed from electrical energy, wherein an electrochemical reaction takes place in the interior of the energy store
  • the plurality of electrochemical cells may be connected in parallel to store a larger amount of charge, or may be connected in series to provide a desired operating voltage, or may be a combination of parallel and series circuits.
  • an “electrochemical cell” or “electrochemical energy storage cell” is understood to mean a device which serves to deliver electrical energy, the energy being stored in chemical form.
  • the cell is also designed to receive electrical energy, convert it to chemical energy, and store it.
  • the shape (i.e., particularly the size and geometry) of an electrochemical cell can be chosen depending on the available space.
  • the electrochemical cell is essentially prismatic or cylindrical.
  • an "electrode stack” is to be understood as meaning an arrangement of at least two electrodes and an electrolyte arranged therebetween.
  • the electrolyte may be partially accommodated by a separator, the separator then separating the electrodes.
  • the electrode stack has a plurality of layers of electrodes and electrodes Separators, wherein the electrodes of the same polarity are each preferably electrically connected to each other, in particular, are connected in parallel.
  • the electrodes are for example plate-shaped or foil-like and are preferably arranged substantially parallel to one another (prismatic energy storage cells).
  • the electrode stack may also be wound and have a substantially cylindrical shape (cylindrical energy storage cells).
  • Electrode stack is also intended to include such electrode windings.
  • the electrode stack may also comprise lithium or another alkali metal in ionic form.
  • a "current conductor” in the context of the present invention is to be understood as an electrically conductive design element of an electrochemical cell used for transport electrical energy into or out of the cell. Electrochemical cells usually have two types of current conductors, which are each electrically conductively connected to one of the two electrodes or electrode groups - anodes or cathodes - inside the cell. In other words, each electrode of the electrode stack of the cell has its own current conductor or the electrodes of the same polarity of the electrode stack are connected to a common current conductor. The shape of the current conductor is adapted to the shape of the electrochemical cell or its electrode stack.
  • the term "enclosure” is intended to include any type of device which is suitable for preventing the escape of chemicals from the electrode stack into the environment and for protecting the constituents of the electrode stack from damaging external influences.
  • the enclosure may consist of one or more molded parts and / or
  • the covering can be made of a substantially rigid material or of an elastic material
  • the covering is preferably formed of a gas-tight and electrically insulating material or layer composite preferably encloses the electrode stack as possible without gaps and Air cushion to allow good heat conduction between the enclosure and the interior of the electrochemical cell.
  • a "pressure relief device” is to be understood as meaning all types of devices which are suitable, in the case of a pressure and / or temperature increase inside the electrochemical cell (eg due to overloading or the like), a pressure discharge with or without material discharge It is to be expressly understood that the present invention is not limited to any particular types of pressure relief devices, but that the invention is directed to the positioning of at least one pressure relief device of any type electrochemical cell they may be of the same kind or different from each other.
  • the "first region”, the "second region” and the “lower region” of the sheathing or of the electrochemical cell also include, in addition to the respective edge section of the sheath or cell, a section adjoining this edge section in the direction of the opposite edge section.
  • the at least one current conductor in a first half of the enclosure extends out of this and the at least one pressure relief device is arranged in a second half of the enclosure.
  • the at least one current conductor extends in an upper one One third or quarter of the envelope out of this and the at least one pressure relief device is disposed in a lower third or quarter of the envelope.
  • the at least one current conductor on a first narrow side (in particular the upper narrow side) of the envelope extends out of this and at least one pressure relief device on one of the first narrow side opposite the second narrow side (in particular the lower narrow side) of the envelope arranged ,
  • the at least one current collector on a first narrow side (in particular the upper narrow side) of the envelope extends out of this and at least one pressure relief device is arranged on a substantially transversely to the first narrow side extending third narrow side of the envelope to a to cause lateral pressure discharge.
  • At least one pressure relief device is arranged on a main side of the enclosure.
  • pressure relief devices are preferably provided on the lower narrow side and on one or both lateral narrow sides. It is also preferable to provide two or more pressure relief devices on the lower narrow side.
  • the pressure relief devices are preferably arranged in the region of a sealed seam of the envelope.
  • the pressure relief Devices preferably provided in the material or material structure of the enclosure itself.
  • the at least one pressure relief device is designed as a passive pressure relief device.
  • the electrochemical cell is provided with at least one measuring device and the at least one pressure relief device is then designed as an active pressure relief device.
  • the measuring device can be of any type; it is generally designed in this context to recognize the need for a pressure relief process.
  • the measuring device is designed to detect a pressure and / or a temperature, in particular a pressure increase and / or a temperature increase inside the electrochemical cell.
  • Suitable examples of a pressure relief device that can be used in an electrochemical cell according to the present invention are bursting devices (eg rupture discs, safety membranes and foils, predetermined breaking points), local weakening of the sheath and / or the sealing seam (eg by weakening the material or the material structure or by introducing additional elements into the material or the material structure or by special shaping), pressure relief valves, devices for locally destroying the casing and / or the sealing seam and (eg cutting means, lancing means, drawing means, etc.).
  • bursting devices eg rupture discs, safety membranes and foils, predetermined breaking points
  • local weakening of the sheath and / or the sealing seam eg by weakening the material or the material structure or by introducing additional elements into the material or the material structure or by special shaping
  • pressure relief valves devices for locally destroying the casing and / or the sealing seam and (eg cutting means, lancing means, drawing means, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic exploded view of an electrochemical cell according to the present invention with different positioning possibilities for the pressure relief device (s).
  • Figure 1 shows an exploded view of an electrochemical cell with an electrode stack 10 having multiple layers of electrodes and separators therebetween. With this electrode stack 10, two current conductors 12 and 14 via respective electrode bundles 16 and 18 of electrodes of the same polarity (mechanically and electrically conductive) are connected.
  • This electrode stack 10 is enclosed on both sides by a film-like envelope 20, 22, the two wrapping films 20 and 22 being fluid-tightly connected to each other at the narrow sides 36-42 of the electrode stack 10 or the cell by means of a sealed seam 24.
  • the two current conductors 12 and 14 protrude through the sealing seam 24 on the upper narrow side 26 of the casing 20, 22, so that they can be contacted outside the cell and connected to the poles of the battery.
  • the electrochemical cell is shown in Figure 1 substantially in the orientation in which it is also in the battery and finally, e.g. is installed in a motor vehicle.
  • the electrochemical cell or sheath 20, 22 has an upper half 32, a lower half 34, a first upper narrow side 36, a second lower narrow side 38, two third lateral narrow sides 40 and 42, and two main sides 44.
  • the envelope 20, 22 of the thus constructed electrochemical cell is provided with at least one pressure relief device 26-30.
  • the enclosure 20, 22 is equipped with one, two, three or four pressure relief devices 26-30.
  • one, two or three pressure relief devices 26 may be provided on the lower narrow side 38 of the envelope 20, 22 in the region of the sealed seam 24.
  • each one or two pressure relief devices 28 are provided on one or both lateral narrow sides 40, 42 of the envelope 20, 22 in the lower region 34 in Be provided in the region of the sealing seam 24 each one or two pressure relief devices 28.
  • one or more pressure relief devices 30 may be provided on one or both of the main sides 44 of the sheath 20, 22 in the lower region 34.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une cellule électrochimique qui comprend un empilement d'électrodes (10); au moins un dérivateur de courant (12, 14) relié à l'empilement d'électrodes (10); et une enveloppe (20, 22) qui entoure au moins partiellement l'empilement d'électrodes (10). Le ou les dérivateurs de courant (12, 14) s'étend/ent au moins en partie hors de l'enveloppe (20, 22) et cette enveloppe (20, 22) est munie d'au moins un dispositif de décompression (26, 28, 30). Pour protéger l'électronique et l'environnement de la cellule électrochimique, le ou les dispositifs de décompression (26, 28, 30) sont avantageusement disposés le plus loin possible du ou des dérivateurs de courant (12, 14) et, lorsque la cellule électrochimique est à l'état assemblé, autant que possible dans une zone inférieure de l'enveloppe (20, 22).
EP11748896.5A 2010-08-17 2011-08-12 Cellule électrochimique comprenant au moins un dispositif de décompression Withdrawn EP2606522A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010034543A DE102010034543A1 (de) 2010-08-17 2010-08-17 Elektrochemische Zelle mit wenigstens einer Druckentlastungsvorrichtung
PCT/EP2011/004069 WO2012022453A1 (fr) 2010-08-17 2011-08-12 Cellule électrochimique comprenant au moins un dispositif de décompression

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2606522A1 true EP2606522A1 (fr) 2013-06-26

Family

ID=44512784

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11748896.5A Withdrawn EP2606522A1 (fr) 2010-08-17 2011-08-12 Cellule électrochimique comprenant au moins un dispositif de décompression

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20130209845A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2606522A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013534358A (fr)
KR (1) KR20130098336A (fr)
CN (1) CN103109394A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010034543A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012022453A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013013752B4 (de) * 2013-08-17 2020-10-15 Audi Ag Hochvoltbatterie für einen elektrischen Fahrantrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Hochvoltbatterie
DE102018209541A1 (de) * 2018-05-29 2019-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden von elektrochemischen Zellen, Batteriemodul und System zum Herstellen eines Batteriemoduls
CN116014347B (zh) * 2023-03-24 2023-06-02 宁德新能源科技有限公司 电化学装置及电子设备

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2494631A1 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2012-09-05 Magna E-Car Systems GmbH & Co OG Agencement d'élément de batterie

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KR20030066895A (ko) 2002-02-05 2003-08-14 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차 전지
KR20040017094A (ko) 2002-08-20 2004-02-26 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 안전변을 구비한 파우치형 이차전지
SE525541C2 (sv) * 2002-11-29 2005-03-08 Nilar Int Ab Ett bipolärt batteri och en metod för att tillverka ett biopolärt batteri.
US20110020674A1 (en) * 2006-08-10 2011-01-27 Hideaki Fujita Enclosed battery
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KR100944987B1 (ko) 2007-12-14 2010-03-02 주식회사 엘지화학 신규한 실링부 구조를 포함하는 이차전지
DE102007063193A1 (de) 2007-12-20 2009-01-02 Daimler Ag Batterie mit am Gehäuse angeordneter Überdrucksicherung
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EP2494631A1 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2012-09-05 Magna E-Car Systems GmbH & Co OG Agencement d'élément de batterie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2013534358A (ja) 2013-09-02
WO2012022453A1 (fr) 2012-02-23
CN103109394A (zh) 2013-05-15
US20130209845A1 (en) 2013-08-15
KR20130098336A (ko) 2013-09-04
DE102010034543A1 (de) 2012-02-23

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